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This study explores CSR spillover effects within industries experiencing mergers and acquisitions (M&As), focusing on the response of non-target firms to M&As led by high-level CSR acquirers. We examine whether the involvement of socially responsible acquirers in M&As affects the CSR strategies of industry peers not directly engaged in these deals. Through an analysis of publicly listed U.S. firms from 1995 to 2018, we discover that non-target firms increase their CSR engagement following acquisitions by high-level CSR acquirers. Additionally, we observe that this spillover effect on CSR engagement is significantly amplified in industries characterised by high levels of competition. Our findings shed light on the extensive impact of M&As on CSR practices across industries, emphasising the importance of CSR spillover in influencing CSR activities industry wide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family business governance is an important issue for the sustainable development of economies worldwide due to its economic contribution. This review aims to offer a systematic overview of how prior studies explore the issue of family involvement within the broader corporate governance literature. By adopting a network-based perspective to visualize the research stream, this study provides meaningful insight into the key topics investigated, the patterns in the connections between critical papers, and the key players building the literature. Specifically, this paper makes three major contributions. First, our systematic review based on network analysis of keywords, citations, and authors enhances the understanding of how research on family involvement in the corporate governance literature is interconnected. Second, a large and extensive pool of corporate governance research on family involvement (947 papers) is employed to encompass research on family involvement from various academic disciplines under the umbrella of corporate governance. Third, by providing answers to questions such as "which journals should I read?", "which keywords should I look for?", "who are the leading scholars?", "which journals are scholars publishing in?" and "what are emerging research trends?", this study offers valuable implications for future research and meaningful guidelines for future studies in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pain is considered as being one cause of post-operative emergence agitation (EA) from sevoflurane anaesthesia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pure effect of post-operative pain on EA after sevoflurane anaesthesia in preschool children undergoing excision of scalp nevi., Methods: Forty-four children, 1-7 years old, undergoing scalp nevus excision were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the remifentanil group received single intravenous injection of short-acting synthetic opioid, remifentanil 1 μg/kg just before the scalp incision, and the block group received scalp nerve block with 0.25% ropivacaine after intubation. The end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was maintained around 1.5 vol% unless the mean arterial pressure is out of ±20% range of preoperative values during surgery in both groups. Watcha behaviour scale for EA and face, legs, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) scale scores for pain were recorded post-operatively., Results: There was no difference in end-tidal sevoflurane concentration between the two groups during surgery and the emergence period. Agitation incidence and scores were not different between the two groups during the recovery period. FLACC scale was significantly lower in the block group than in the remifentanil group at post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) arrival, at 10 and 20 min after PACU arrival, respectively., Conclusion: The scalp nerve block decreased the early post-operative pain after paediatric nevus excision, but it did not decrease the incidence of EA with sevoflurane anaesthesia., (© 2017 The Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

This paper investigated the induction of apoptosis and perturbation of cell cycle progression caused by carboplatin (CPt) and hyperthermia alone or combined in WERI human retinoblastoma cells in vitro. An incubation of the cells with 25 or 50 microm of CPt at 37 degrees C caused apoptosis, which progressively increased during the 24-72 h treatment. Hyperthermia at 42.5 degrees C for 1 h induced apoptosis, which became significant from 24 h after the heating. Heating the cells in the presence of CPt and subsequent incubation with CPt was far more effective than treating the cells with hyperthermia or CPt treatment alone in inducing apoptosis in the WERI cells, indicating that the combination of these two modalities is potentially useful for the treatment of retinoblastoma. It appeared that the apoptosis in WERI cells caused by hyperthermia and CPt occurs during G1 phase. An interesting observation was that caspase 9 activation preceded the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria during apoptosis in WERI cells, contrary to the general notion that caspase 9 is activated by cytochrome C.