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The genus Sideritis is an indigenous plant to temperate and subtropical regions of Turkey, especially for Mediterranean and Aegean region, and is extensively used as herbal tea and spice. The seeds of Sideritis species have a difficulty in germination, which limits their cultivation. This study was conducted to evaluate the germination performance of 4 endemic Sideritis species (Sideritis condensata, S. libanotica ssp. linearis, S. leptoclada and S. tmolea) harvested freshly or stored for 1 and 2 years in terms of germination percentage and mean germination time and to determine the suitability of seed treatments (Hydration and gibberellic acid (GA3) application, and their combination with pre-chilling) for overcoming germination difficulty in the species. Germination percentages of these species ranged from 28.5% to 77.0%. The lowest germination rate and the highest mean germination time (11.9 day) were determined in S. libanotica ssp. linearis in fresh seeds. Improved germination and shortened mean germination time were achieved using 200 mg L-1 GA3 application. Seed storage did not influence the germination of the Sideritis species. It was found that pre-chilling did not prerequisite for germination of the species. It was concluded that GA3 treatment should effectively be used as a method for improving germination of endemic Sideritis species regardless of seed age.

Bu çal ışma, Ankera Üniversitesi:Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümünde, seçilmi ş çemen hatlar ı nda verim özellikleri aras ı iliş kilerin belirlenmesi amac ı yla 1995-1996 y ı lları nda yürütülmü ştür. Çal ışmada materyal olarak, tek bitki seleksiyonu ile geliştirilen 36 çemen hatt ı kullan ı lm ışt ı r. Her iki y ı lda da tek bitki verimi ile meyve say ı s ı ve bin tohum ağı rl ığı aras ı ndaki korelasyon önemli bulunmu ştur. Path analizi sonucunda bin tohum a ğı rl ığı ve meyve say ı s ı n ı n, tek bitki verimi üzerine olumlu ve do ğ rudan etkileri yüksek çı km ışt ı r. Bitki boyunun doğ rudan etkisi olumsuz yönde olmuştur. Korelasyon ve path. analizi sonuçlar ı ayrı ayrı değ erlendirildi ğ inde y ı llar aras ı nda baz ı farkl ı l ı kları n olduğ u görülmektedir.

Bu araşt ı rma, A. Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü laboratuvarlar ı nda yürütülmüştür. Denemede, bölümün t ı bbi bitkiler çeşit parselinden toplanan 1993 y ı l ı na ait yünlü yüksükotu tohumlar ı kullan ı lm ışt ı r. Tohumlar dört farkl ı gibberellik asit dozu 50, 100, 150, 200 ppm ile iki farkl ı uygulama süresince 6 ve 12 saat muamele edilmi ştir. Araşt ı rma sonuçlar ı na göre, en yüksek çimlenme oran ı değeri 200 ppm'de ve 6 saat süreli uygulamadan elde edilmi ş %88.50 ; 200 ppm ve 12 saat, 150 ppm ve 6 ile 12 saat süreli uygulamalarla aralar ı nda önemli fark görülmemi ştir. Dozlar dikkate al ı nd ığı nda 150 ve 200 ppm'lik dozlardan daha iyi sonuçlar elde edilmi ştir. Uygulama süreleri bak ı m ı ndan 12 saatlik uygulamadan daha yüksek de ğerler elde edilmi ştir. Kontrolden elde edilen sonuçlar genelde 50 ve 100 ppm'lik dozlardan daha yüksek ç ı km ışt ı r.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizin haşhaş tarımı yapılan alanlarında halen ekilmekte olan mevcut çeşitlerin yanında, üreticilerin de istekleri doğrultusunda, hem kapsül ve tohum verimi yüksek olan hem de morfin oranı ülke ortalamasından daha yüksek bir düzeyde olan bazı materyaller geliştirmek ve elde etmektir. İki yıl süreyle yürütülen çalışmaların ilk yılında seçilmiş olan yedi hat resiprok olarak melezlenmiş; elde edilen melezlerle birlikte anaç hatlar ikinci yıl verim denemesine alınmıştır. Melez ve anaç hatların verim öğeleri karşılaştırılmış ve aralarındaki heterosis ile heterobeltiosis değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre heterosis ve heterobeltiosis değerleri bakımından önemli bazı karakterlerde elde edilen değerler şöyle bulunmuştur: Bitki başına tohum verimi bakımından heterosis % -13.42 ile % 37.14; heterobeltiosis % -22.48 ile % 36.29; dekara kapsül verimi bakımından heterosis % -33.92 ile % 45.39, heterobeltiosis % –40.83 ile % 34.67; dekara tohum verimi bakımından heterosis % -32.05 ile % 45.89, heterobeltiosis % -38.34 ile % 43.22; morfin oranı bakımından heterosis % -24.21 ile % 44.62; heterobeltiosis % -32.44 ile % 32.68; dekara morfin verimi bakımından heterosis % -37.63 ile % 100.39; heterobeltiosis % -54.68 ile % 95.21 arasında değişim göstermiştir.

In Sweden, municipal social services provide help and support for vulnerable people with a variety of needs. Although the family has long been understood to be a focus of social work interventions, it is unclear how it is brought into the casework process in the highly individualised and specialised municipal social services. Therefore, in this study we investigated processes of client-making and role assignment in five service sectors: social assistance, child welfare, substance abuse, disability, and elderly care. We carried out focus group interviews with social workers in each of these sectors in a mid-sized community in central Sweden. Findings showed that clienthood and the family are interpreted in different ways. The family is brought into or kept out of service provisions in ways that are connected to social workers’ construction of the family either as expert, client or non-client. However, the role of the family may also change during the casework process. Findings are examined in relation to theories of the welfare state and implications for family-focused practice are discussed.

This article focuses on how families are defined and conceptualized by social workers in the Swedish social services. Using a qualitative study design, we carried out telephone interviews with 60 social workers in five major sectors of the social services in two smaller and two larger municipalities. These sectors included elderly care, disability, child welfare, addiction and economic support, with a qualitative content analysis approach used to analyze the data.The results showed that the practices in social service organizations are both individualized and specialized. Social workers primarily focus on the individual as the client when deciding upon interventions, and when asked about how they regard, define and delimit the family in their work, our analysis revealed that different mediating mechanisms were engaged in what can be seen as a deconstruction of the family. These mechanisms included legislation (as a control mechanism), household composition (boundary mechanism) and service needs (professional mechanism), which were used in various ways and to differing degrees within each sector. The resultant five unique and sector-specific conceptualizations of families are implicated in how interventions are constructed and work processes targeted at individuals and families.

This article focuses on how families are defined and conceptualized by social workers in the Swedish social services. Using a qualitative study design, we carried out telephone interviews with 60 social workers in five major sectors of the social services in two smaller and two larger municipalities. These sectors included elderly care, disability, child welfare, addiction and economic support, with a qualitative content analysis approach used to analyze the data.The results showed that the practices in social service organizations are both individualized and specialized. Social workers primarily focus on the individual as the client when deciding upon interventions, and when asked about how they regard, define and delimit the family in their work, our analysis revealed that different mediating mechanisms were engaged in what can be seen as a deconstruction of the family. These mechanisms included legislation (as a control mechanism), household composition (boundary mechanism) and service needs (professional mechanism), which were used in various ways and to differing degrees within each sector. The resultant five unique and sector-specific conceptualizations of families are implicated in how interventions are constructed and work processes targeted at individuals and families.

The phenolic compositions of two different Polygonum cognatum samples collected from the Cumra and Manisa regions of Turkey were investigated for the first time. Both tested samples were rich in different phenolic compounds, mostly rutin, isorhamnetin, and catechin. The rutin content of Cumra’s sample was relatively higher than that of Manisa’s sample. P. cognatum has potential regarding rutin content as a functional dietary food or may be used as an ingredient to enrich functional foods. Our study will contribute to the previous works performed by different researchers on P. cognatum, commonly consumed in Turkey, to reveal its beneficial properties.

Menderes masifinin en güney ucunu oluşturan Çine asmasifinde 250 kadar albit zuhuru bilinmekte ve yılda 1.7 milyon ton dolayında üretim yapılmaktadır. Bölge Pan Afrikan-Prekambriyen yaşlı bir intrüzif kompleks ile kaplıdır. Albit zuhurları KKD gidişli tektonik hatların içine yerleşmiş ilksel pegmatitik oluşumlardır. Bu makalede bölgedeki genç intrüzif yapılara da işaret edilmekte, albit oluşumunun Aİpin metamorfizma ve metasomatizma ilgisi de tartışılmaktadır. Albit zuhurlarının boyut ve geometrileri ile petrolojik özellikleri açıklanmakta, muhtelif ticari ürünlerin nitelikleri sıralanmaktadır.