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Introduction: A crucial step in commissioning a CT simulator is measuring the conversion relationship between the CT number and Relative Electron Density (RED) and transferring it to the radiotherapy TPS for accurate dose calculation. Material and Methods: In order to automatically reconstruct a DE-Rho series with relative electron density maps of the materials used, 14 tissue-mimicking material plugs were made, their properties were measured, and the developed density phantom was scanned by CT-simulator using the Dual Energy^DE_Direct Density protocol. Results: CT numbers (HU) for various densities of materials were determined. Utilizing the resultant HU from CT scans, the relative electron density, or RED, was computed. The HU-RED calibration curve was created using CT scans that were obtained with different tissue replacements. Conclusion: Particularly for the CT-number calibration in radiation therapy planning, the new Tissue Equivalent Materials (TEMs) may simplify the calibration process without sacrificing the accuracy of the stoichiometric calibration. Our objective was met and the purchase cost was avoided thanks to the developed phantom.

Objective(s): This study aimed to synthesize Samarium-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (Ti(Sm)O2 NPs) using solvothermal synthesis and evaluate their suitability as targeted imaging agents. The objectives were to enhance the stability and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles by coating them with polymeric materials and assess their imaging capabilities and safety. Materials and Methods: Ti(Sm)O2 NPs were synthesized using the solvothermal method with TiO2, NaOH, and deionized water. The resulting solution was filtered, dried, and processed in a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave. The obtained product was washed, dried, and coated with FDA-approved polymers including polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Coating was achieved through a mixing process and subsequent drying. Results: Characterization studies confirmed the desired morphology, crystal structure, optical properties, surface charge, and biocompatibility of the Ti(Sm)O2 NPs. In vivo imaging evaluations demonstrated their excellent imaging capabilities, particularly in distinguishing lung pathologies. Additionally, in vivo toxicity studies confirmed the nanoparticles biocompatibility and safety, with no adverse effects on organ function observed. Conclusion: In this study, Samarium-doped TiO2 nanoparticles WERE successfully synthesized and their potential as targeted imaging agents was evaluated. The coating of the nanoparticles with polymeric materials enhanced their stability and biocompatibility. The nanoparticles exhibited excellent imaging capabilities, particularly in distinguishing lung pathologies. Moreover, they demonstrated biocompatibility and safety in vivo. These findings contribute to the development of advanced contrast agents for biomedical applications, providing effective tools for targeted imaging and improving the diagnosis and monitoring of various lung pathologies.

Introduction: To determine radiotherapy accuracy and prevent treatment errors, quality assurance is crucial during the planning phase of radiation therapy. Therefore, the goal of this study was to create criteria for the routine quality control assessment of radiation treatment planning systems TPS to assess their effectiveness and accuracy. Material and Methods: In this study, we used a Prowess Panther treatment planning system TPS (version 5.51), a Siemens model Somatom Confidence computed tomography simulator, an anthropomorphic Alderson-Rando phantom, and a density phantom made from a CTDI head phantom by inserting plugs that mimicked human tissue. The TPS features include hardware, transmitted CT images (anatomical information), and key software operations; however, in this investigation, we focused exclusively on the tests involving anatomical information. Results: The Prowess Panther RTPS version 5.51 workstation consistently met the requisite quality where all results of the radiation treatment planning systems (Prowess Panther RTPS) anatomical information tests were satisfactory and acceptable. Conclusion: By averting several radiation-related events, the recommendations for TPS CT image quality control testing made in this study will assist to increase the safety and effectiveness of cancer radiotherapy.

تُعَّد المعبودة شنتیت إحدى المعبودات المصریة القدیمة التی لم تکن معروفة بشکلٍ کبیرٍ فی مجمع الآلهة المصریة، ویهدف موضوع هذا البحث إماطة اللثام عن الألقاب والتعبیرات التی إرتبطت بالمعبودة شنتیت ومحاولة تفسیرها وإظهار أهمیتها عبر العصور التاریخیة حتى نهایة العصرین الیونانی والرومانی، وقد تم استعراض الألقاب والتعبیرات التی تقلدتها المعبودة شنتیت عبر العصور التاریخیة واللغویة وذلک بقصد المحاولة المُتأنیة للخروج بتفسیرٍ واضحٍ لتلک الألقاب والتعبیرات اللغویة من منظور المُعتقدات المصریة القدیمة والتی تواتر ذکرها من خلال المصادر والشواهد الأثریة وذلک من أجل تبیان دورها الملموس والمهم فی الحضارة المصریة القدیمة . وتجدر الإشارة إلى أن المناقشة والخلاف ما زال موجوداً حول أصل (إشتقاق) کلمة شنتیت، فمن خلال نصین فی معبد دندرة وردت بأنها (Sntyt Sn i3wt n dmD شنتیت التی تحیط التلال، Sntyt Sn i3wt n t3 شنتیت التی تحیط تلال الأرض)، وهذان النصان یؤکدان أن اسم Sntyt قد اشتق من الفعل ، Sni والذی یعنی "طوق، أحاط بــ"، إلا أن Sn التی تعنی أیضاً "تحمی عن طریق الإحاطة" کانت مستخدمة هنا بقصد الجناس. کما یمکن القول أنها قد اشتُقت من الفعل Sni والذی یعنی "یعانی، یکابد، یقاسی"، وتکون هی التی تعانی أو تکابد، وهنا تصبح صورة من صور المعبودة إیزیس وحدادها علی زوجها الفقید أوزیر، ویُصبح اسم شنتیت هنا اسم بسیط عام یصف الأرملة

There are major efforts carried out by governmental institutions to improve the sustainability of construction projects. One of the most important problems and challenges facing project's sustainability is deterioration of urban and short life time of building. The aim of this study is to identify the main factors affecting the sustainable projects in order to develop a program to evaluate the sustainability and increase the efficiency of construction by re-evaluating the most affecting factors in the sustainability of the projects and identify the obstacles facing implementation of sustainable buildings.To achieve the research objectives, a questionnaire was designed to gather information from engineers of different specializations in construction sectors. The questionnaire includes eighty nine factors which are the most important factors affecting the sustainability of construction projects through the five stages of the project. Two hundred questionnaire were distributed and only one hundred and nine responded .The data were analysed by using one of a statistical programs SPSS. The analysed results shows that the selecting sustainability material, developing appropriate rates for all project resources carefully, planning maintenance for construction work and following work that was carried out according to the requirements and specifications of contract. These are the most critical factors which help in sustaining construction, whether before or during construction, and making routine and corrective maintenance of the most prominent factors that help to maintain the service life of building and sustaining it after its establishment.A Program was developed to evaluate the sustainability of construction either before or after construction, in order to increase the efficiency of a sustainable project and maintaining its life span. The output of the program was represented as a degree of sustainability by evaluation during a certain stage or all the stages of a project and re-evaluating the most important elements affecting on sustainability of project, reaching its highest level of sustainability. It is concluded from the program of evaluating sustainability that the degrees of sustainability may varies from one building to another according to the importance, the volume of construction, the period in which the evaluation is done and the faced challenges. The construction sector in

This study aims to identify the type of press photos used by the Agence France-Presse (AFP) in the display of the 2021 aggression on the Gaza Strip, the features of the form and content of these photos, the main topics addressed, their attitudes and the extent of attention given to them. The researchers followed the descriptive design and the survey method, utilizing the content analysis approach. The researchers used the content analysis form for the analysis of the data. The study population consisted of the photos published by the AFP during the aggression on Gaza from 13-5-2021 until 31-5-2021. The researchers selected a purposive sample following the comprehensive survey. The researchers used all the photos related to the 2021 aggression on Gaza in the specified time period. The researchers depended on the agenda-setting theory. The main results of the study are the AFP's use of photos with smoke ranking first (15.0%), negative attitude also ranking first (89.9%) and agency's use of its own photographers ranking first (100%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disorder characterized by antibody-mediated platelet destruction. A protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN22) present in lymphocytes is an important negative regulator of signal transduction for the T-cell receptor-MHC complex and has been associated with autoimmune disorders that produce autoantibodies. The present study investigated the frequency of the 1858C>T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the PTPN22 gene in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients. This case series study included 50 children with ITP, 24 acute and 26 chronic cases, and 50 normal children as a control group. All were subjected to clinical history and laboratory investigations including complete blood count, genotyping of PTPN22 1858C/T SNP by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and platelet antibodies using platelets suspension immunofluorescence test for the cases. Thirteen patients (26%) were positive for the PTPN22 1858C>T SNP. Three patients were homozygous for the mutation and 10 were heterozygous. Comparison of the 26% of the ITP patients who were positive for the PTPN22 1858C>T mutation with the 6% positive in the control group yielded a P value of 0.006. Antiplatelet antibodies were detected in five patients (20.8%) with acute ITP and in three patients (11.5%) with chronic ITP; no significant association between the presence of PTPN22 1858C>T mutation and the presence of antiplatelet antibodies was detected. The prevalence of PTPN22 gene mutation was higher in ITP patients, thus it may be considered as a genetic risk factor in the development of ITP in Egyptian children.