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In our life, computer has entered in all fields and its impact appeared in solving many of problems. One of those problems is the ability to store and deal with a huge amount of data. Also, the consequent method of indexing, retrieving and preserving that data requires cost and effort we need for a long time. In this paper, the authors designed and implemented a new method of database for the Office of Security Permits at University of Diyala to resolve the routine process and change the traditional work into an advanced digital work. This database has designed based on a software application with interface programed in C# and using Microsoft Access. The results show that this database management system has reflected remarkable achievement in administrational work at Office of Security Permits because it makes everything easy to deal with such as storing, adding, deleting data and printing the final reports

This paper reports the synthesis of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) cathode powders using a simple flame assisted spray pyrolysis (FSP) and a spray drying (SD) processes, in which metal salt precursors dissolved in glycerol were used for spraying. X-ray diffraction confirms that the NCA powders have a layered structure, with a low order of cationic mixing. Electron microscopy shows that the particles produced by FSP have a relatively smaller size and a smoother surface than that produced by SD. The NCA powder from the FSP process has an initial discharge capacity of 200.2 mAh/g in voltage range of 3.0–4.3 V at 0.1C. It shows very good capacity retention of 91.5% at 1C and 89.4% at 5C after 200 cycles. These results demonstrate that glycerol can replace water and be used as a solvent in spray processes to make cathode powders, promising a new environmentally-friendly synthesis route for battery powder materials production.

Porous alumina has been shown to be an excellent adsorbent for Congo Red (CR) dye. In this work, highly porous g-Al2O3 nanoshells were synthesized from alumina coated carbon black (CB) obtained from a new deposition technique and used for removal of CR dye from aqueous solutions. Adsorption experiments were conducted in a batch mode and a series of parameters were investigated, including contact time, initial dye concentrations, ionic strength and pH of the solutions. It was found that equilibrium for CR adsorption can be reached within 30 min, much faster than reported by other studies in the literature on similar adsorbents. It was also found that the adsorption capacity of Al2O3 nanoshells is 44.8 % higher than that of alumina/CB. The adsorption capacity of Al2O3 nanoshells was more favorable at lower pH, and the optimal adsorption ability was achieved at pH 4.0 with a removal efficiency at 98.6 %. The Al2O3 nanoshells have a maximum adsorption capacity of 370.4 mg g−1 (25 °C; pH 7; no salt added), better than or comparable to those reported in the literature. A pseudo-second-order kinetics model can best fit the kinetics of CR adsorption, which follows the Langmuir isotherm. The high adsorption capacity is attributed to the strong hydrogen-bonding interactions between the anionic dye and Al2O3 nanoshells surface as well as to the electrostatic interactions between CR dye and the Al2O3 nanoshells.

Background: Sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT) is a novel cancer treatment therapy that uses the light of a particular wavelength and sound of a particular frequency to activate a light- and sonosensitive material that attaches selectively tumor cells, causing their breakdown. The present work aims to investigate biochemically and pathologically the effectiveness of using SPDT in combination with either nano-5-aminolevulinic acid (nano-ALA) or nano-Chlorophyll (nano-Chl), as sono-photosensitizers, in curing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma tumor implanted to a group of mice. Methods: A total of 130 male Swiss albino mice age 60–65 days, weighing 20 ± 2.0 g, were used in this experiment. Two sources of energy were used; namely infrared laser (IR) and Ultrasound for 3 min. When the tumor had grown to about 10 mm in diameter at day 10 after inoculation, the treatment strategy was started. Six experimental groups were investigated. Biochemical analyses were carried out to detect the serum levels for activities of oxidative stress enzymes, liver, and kidney functions. Pathological analyses were carried out to evaluate the effect of different treatment modalities on tumor treatment. Results: It was observed that SPDT utilizing nano-ALA or nano-Chl ameliorated the activity levels of the studied enzymes in mice bearing tumor lesions, indicating the safe and non-toxic treatment modality. The pathological evaluation showed that targeted SPDT caused the almost complete destruction of cancer cells. Conclusion: The results suggest that nano-ALA or nano-Chl could be used as a novel and safe nano-materials with great potential as an effective drug delivery system in cancer-targeted SPDT.

Nanocoatings on solids can be achieved by various processes, including sol-gel and atomic layer deposition. However, challenges remain for achieving uniform nanocoatings on nanoscale substrates at a large scale. Here, we report a versatile and fundamentally different technique, termed condensed layer deposition, for depositing conformal metal oxide nanocoatings on nanoparticles and nanofibers. This approach involves water in liquid hydrocarbons condensing as a nanoscale water film on the substrate surface, enabled by interfacial tension between polar water and nonpolar liquid hydrocarbons. Chemical precursors are then added, which react with the condensed water film to form a metal oxide nanocoating. We demonstrate this for titania, alumina, and niobia on substrates including carbon nanotubes, iron oxide particles and carbon black. Condensed layer deposition can achieve oxide nanocoatings on a variety of substrates with tunable thickness, in one pass, at room temperature. Nano-scale coatings are important for controlling the functional behavior of surfaces. Here, a deposition process in liquid hydrocarbons is reported for metal oxides, in which a thin water coating on the substrate reacts with chemical precursors, forming a nano-scale layer.

This study evaluated the effect of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) coated by aluminum oxide Al2O3 as a reinforcement on compressive strength, frost resistance, and drying shrinkage of cement mortars. Three weight ratios of 0.125%, 0.25%, and 0.5% of Al2O3/CNFs and bare CNF cement mortars were compared with reference cement mortar samples. The reactive porous and high surface area layer of alumina induced the hydration reaction and promoted the production of well-distributed hydration gel. Derivative thermal analysis–differential thermogravimetric (TGA-DTG) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) characterization showed that Al2O3/CNFs reinforcement led to greater hydration gel production than bare CNFs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to study the coating and microstructure of the cement mortars evaluated in this paper. The results show that the optimum enhancement of the cement mortar properties was obtained at ratios of 0.125% for Al2O3/CNFs and 0.25% for CNFs. This enhancement was greater with Al2O3/CNFs-reinforced specimens in terms of high compressive strength, less compressive strength degradation after 150 cycles, and less drying shrinkage. The low use of the CNFs in Al2O3/CNFs samples indicates the coating is an economical and promising approach for improving the performance of cement mortars.

Electrooxidation of methanol was investigated on platinum catalyst supported on a double oxide nanocomposite of tin oxide clusters and carbon-doped titanium dioxide nanocoatings on carbon nanotubes. Formation kinetics of the oxygenated species ( OH) groups was dramatically enhanced in the catalyst with double oxide support. This leads to a much lower onset potential for adsorbed CO oxidation with a much enhanced bifunctional effect in tin oxide. The electrocatalyst demonstrated a higher forward peak current density in methanol electrooxidation than the electrocatalyst with single tin oxide or bare carbon as support. Binding energy shift in oxidation states was observed for the double oxide support catalyst and is attributed to strong metal support interactions. Doping with carbon in the titanium oxide enables backward electron donation, making the supported platinum more electron negative and stable. This study demonstrated a synergistic effect of combining bifunctional and electronic mechanisms with double oxide support in the enhancement of methanol electrooxidation.

International audience; Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are synthesized by the flame fragment deposition (FFD) technique using Iraqi liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as a source of carbon in a hand-made reactor at a low temperature (160 °C) without using a catalyst. Purification of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is carried out using a two-step process consisting of sonication in 30 wt.% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution at room temperature to remove amorphous impurities adhering to the walls of the CNTs and carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), followed by sonication in an acetone bath to remove the polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) formed during the LPG gas burning. Comprehensive characterizations such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were conducted to verify the efficiency of the purification process. The results clearly demonstrated that this process is promising for the purification of the synthesized CNTs

Frequency spectrum scarcity has been a strong research motivation. Those researches have focused on developing methodologies to utilize frequency spectrum as much as it could be. Meanwhile, this spectrum utilization and its great revenue should not affect the quality of services being provided by network providers. In most cases, statistics have shown that only quarter of the spectrum is well utilized. Therefore, regulated authorities, which are in charge of organizing the access to the frequency spectrum, have proposed a strategy to share the already allocated spectrum band with the unlicensed users based on the appearance, or not, of the licensed users. This concept of vertical spectrum sharing is called cognitive radio (CR). Spectrum scarcity, dynamic spectrum access, and the cognitive radio networks (CRNs) are comprehensively investigated in this study. Furthermore, this study deeply examines the spectrum sensing of cognitive radio network providing an idea of this important technology and the challenges it may face.

Pt catalysts perform well in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), but they suffer weak bonding with carbon supports, leading to catalyst degradation. We introduce a fluffy titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanolayer with a very high specific surface area as support, made possible with a new condensed layer deposition technique. When Pt and SnO2 were incorporated in it as co-catalyst, a remarkable improvement in ORR onset potential was achieved at 930 mV vs RHE in sulfuric acids. The mass activity was 2.66 times that of Pt/C at 900 mV. The fluffy layer stabilized SnO2 and together, they enabled a pronounced ligand effect.

Yasemin and Anber are the main rice varieties cultivated in Iraq. Anber is the favorite variety in Iraq because of its unique flavor, and Yasemin is the most cultivated variety. Determining the suitable moisture content of both varieties to produce high extraction rate (lowest rice breakage), good rice whiteness, and the best rice quality in terms of cooked properties was the purpose of this study. Moisture content (MC) (10%, 12%, 14%, 16%) of Yasemin and Anber were used, and targeted whiteness (32, 34, and 36) were obtained by using different milling times. Results showed that the best moisture content was 14% for Yasemin variety and 10% for Anber variety in terms of extraction rate. Process time increasing led to reduction of extraction rate and increased rice whiteness. The highest extraction rate of Yasemin and Anber was 56% and 64% with 32 whiteness, respectively. Kernel breakage had opposite relationship with extraction rate. Yasemin and Anber varieties were classified as short grain rice depending on their length. The maximum elongation was at 16% MC for Yasemin variety and at 10% MC for Anber variety, which increased 60% more than uncooked rice. There was no definite pattern observed for increasing rice volume (width and weight). In conclusion, the extraction rate of Yasemin and Anber varieties was increased at 14% and 10% MC, respectively. For cooked properties, 10% MC of Anber was the best in terms of rice elongation, while 16% MC was the best for Yasemin variety. Resumo Yasemin e Amber são as principais variedades de arroz cultivadas no Iraque. A variedade Amber é a favorita por causa de seu sabor único, enquanto a Yasemin é a mais cultivada. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar o teor de umidade adequado para ambas as variedades, na obtenção da melhor taxa de extração (menor quebra), brancura e qualidade do arroz em termos das propriedades de cozimento. Os teores de umidade (TU) (10%, 12%, 14% e 16%) e a brancura-alvo (32, 34 e 36) foram empregados para as variedades Yasemin e Amber com diferentes tempos de moagem. Os resultados mostraram que o melhor TU, em relação à taxa de extração, foi de 14% para a variedade Yasemin e de 10% para a variedade Amber. O aumento do tempo do processo levou à redução da taxa de extração e ao aumento da brancura do arroz. As maiores taxas de extração foram de 56% e 64% para as variedades Yasemin e Amber, respectivamente, com 32 de brancura. A quebra do grão teve relação oposta à taxa de extração. As variedades Yasemin e Amber, quanto ao comprimento, foram classificadas como arrozes de grão curto. O alongamento máximo, de 60% com relação ao arroz cru, foi obtido com TU de 16% para variedade Yasemin e de 10% para variedade Amber. Não houve padrão definido para o aumento do volume de arroz (largura e peso). Em conclusão, as taxas de extração das variedades Yasemin e Amber foram maiores em TU de 14% e 10%, respectivamente. Para as propriedades de cozimento, em termos do alongamento do arroz, o TU de 10% para a variedade Amber foi a melhor condição, enquanto para a variedade Yasemin foi de 16%.