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Objective this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of local application of Carnoy's solution following the surgical excision of recurrent PGCG. Patients and Methods 40 patients who sought treatment for recurrent PGCG were included in this study. According to the type of treatment the patients were classified randomly into two equal groups. The lesions in all patients were excised down to the alveolar bone followed by aggressive curettage. Then only in group II, Carnoy's solution was applied for 5 min. Clinical follow-up was done for 1 year to evaluate the tissue healing. Results patients were 23 females and 17 males, with an average of 35.9years. Recurrent PGCGs occurred most commonly in fifth decade of life (25 %). Maxilla (57.5 %) was involved more than the mandible. The lesions were found posteriorly in 27cases and anteriorly in 13cases. The average size of the lesions was 2.9 cm. Histologically, foci of calcifications occurred in 12cases. Recurrence occurred in 5 cases: 4 in group I and 1 in group II. Bone healing was appropriate in all patients without sequestration. Conclusion the use of Carnoy's solution following surgical removal of recurrent PGCG decreases their recurrence rates. The technique is safe, and conservative with low tissue morbidity.

Background: Facial nerve (FN) injury is an important health issue worldwide and the most essential principle for all surgeonsis proper diagnosis and early treatment.Aim of the study: Evaluation of the effect of Cerebrolysin (CBL) versus N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) on FN regeneration.Materials and Methods: Normal 24 Sprague Dawely adult male rats were selected with a weight range 250 - 300 gm. CrushtypeFN injury was performed on the right side of all rats then, they were randomly divided into three equal groups of eightrats each. In group I, the rats were left without any treatment and considered as a control. Rats of group II received 50 mg/kg/day NAC intraperitoneally for a period of 28 days while rats of group III received 2.5 ml/kg/day CBL intraperitoneallyfor the same period. Postoperatively, eye-blink reflex was used to evaluate the functional recovery after the 2nd and the 4thweeks. All animals were euthanized by overdose of diethyl ether after 28 days and nerve regeneration was evaluated based onhistopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations. All data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0software. Statistical significance was inferred at a P value ≤ 0.05.Results: Nerve regeneration was obvious in group III with significant improvement of the eye-blink reflex at 2weeks period thatbecame non-significant at 4 weeks. Histological and IHC evaluation revealed high regeneration and minimum inflammation ingroup III when compared with groups I and II.Conclusion: CBL enhances nerve regeneration and rehabilitation better than NAC after facial nerve crush injury in rats.

Background: Prematurity and related problems, especially respiratory distress syndrome, are one of the main challenges for neonatal medicine. Many studies have shown the relationship between lung development and vitamin D. Objective: To investigate Vitamin D status and to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplement as adjuvant therapy in the management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants. Patients and Methods: This study included 90 preterm neonates chosen from those at NICU of Minya General Hospital and Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt. The cases were divided into two main groups; a group with RDS (case group 66 cases) and a group without RDS (control group =24 cases). The group with RDS was further subdivided into three subgroups (subgroup I received just traditional therapy and the subgroup II received traditional therapy plus vitamin D 400 IU/day, while subgroup III received traditional therapy plus vitamin D 800 IU/day). Results: The RDS group had lower neonatal and maternal vitamin D concentrations than the group without RDS. We found a strong positive correlation between neonatal and maternal vitamin D levels on the day of delivery. The subgroups supplemented with vitamin D had a significant improvement in all ABG parameters, lower Downs score, less hospital stay, less morbidity than the subgroup without vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion: Administration of vitamin D as adjuvant therapy in cases of RDS was associated with a significant decrease in severity, rate of complications, and duration of hospital stay in the subgroup received 800 IU/Day compared to the subgroup received 400 IU/Day.

Purpose: Many techniques for maxillary sinus floor elevation have been used prior to implant placement in case of sever sinus pneumatization. Two-stage lateral-window sinus lifting using titanium micromesh without bone grafting was carried out in the present study. The purpose of the study was a trail to solve a question, if it is enough to just increase the height of sub-antral bone or it is also important to elevate the Schneiderian membrane medio-laterally as much as possible to accommodate for dental implants later. Materials and Methods: Seven patients (11 sinuses) were included. A titanium micromesh was shaped in a tick shape and placed into the sinus through a lateral window to maintain the elevated membrane in place. Immediate, 6-months and 9-months postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were performed to evaluate the relation between the medio-lateral extension of the mesh and the amount of the gained bone. Results: When the height of the formed bone was related to the depth of the titanium mesh, no significant difference could be observed at either 6 or 9 months. However, when the depth of newly formed bone was compared against the depth of the titanium mesh, a high significant difference was noted at both 6 and 9 months. Conclusion: At least two thirds of the sinus depth must be elevated to obtain adequate bone width for future implantation.

Background: cholangiocarcinoma requires accurate diagnosis, which relies on appropriate imaging and image-guided biopsy. Diffusion weighted MRI is a relative new and increasingly used technique. It can be obtained during a single breath-hold, there is no need to use contrast media and it provides information that reflects tissue cellularity and organization. ADC maps can provide quantitative measurements of tissue water diffusivity. It proved to be helpful in the characterization of cholangiocarcinoma.

To assess pattern of articular disc displacement in patients with internal derangement (ID) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with ultrasound.Prospective study was conducted upon 40 TMJ of 20 patients (3 male, 17 female with mean age of 26.1 years) with ID of TMJ. They underwent high-resolution ultrasound and MR imaging of TMJ. The MR images were used as the gold standard for calculating sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) of ultrasound for diagnosis of anterior or sideway displacement of the disc.The anterior displaced disc was seen in 26 joints at MR and 22 joints at ultrasound. The diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound for anterior displacement has sensitivity of 79.3 %, specificity of 72.7 %, accuracy of 77.5 %, PPV of 88.5 %, NPV of 57.1 %, PLR of 2.9 and NLR of 0.34. The sideway displacement of disc was seen in four joints at MR and three joints at ultrasound. The diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound for sideway displacement has a sensitivity of 75 %, specificity of 63.6 %, accuracy of 66.7 %, PPV of 42.8, NPV of 87.5 %, PLR of 2.06, and NLR of 0.39.We concluded that ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging modality used for assessment of anterior and sideway displacement of the articular disc in patients with ID of TMJ.Valutare i pattern della dislocazione del disco articolare nei pazienti con squilibrio interno (ID) dell’articolazione temporo-mandibolare (ATM) con l’ecografia.E’ stato condotto uno studio prospettico su 40 ATM di 20 pazienti (3 maschi, 17 femmine, con età media di 26,1 anni) con ID della TMJ. Tutti sono stati sottoposti ad ecografia ad alta risoluzione e RM della TMJ. La RM è stati utilizzata come il gold standard per il calcolo di sensibilità, specificità, accuratezza, valore predittivo positivo (PPV), valore predittivo negativo (NPV), rapporto di probabilità positivo (PLR) e rapporto di probabilità negativo (NLR) dell’ecografia nella la diagnosi di dislocazione anteriore o lateralmente del disco.Il disco appariva dislocato anteriormente in 26 ATM con la MR e in 22 con l’ecografia. L’efficacia diagnostica dell’ecografia nella diagnosi di dislocazione anteriore aveva sensibilità del 79,3 %, specificità del 72,7 %, accuratezza del 77,5 %, valore predittivo positivo del 88,5 %, NPV di 57,1 %, PLR di 2,9 e NLR di 0,34. Il dislocamento laterale del disco è stata osservato in 4 casi con MR e 3 con ecografia. L’efficacia diagnostica dell’ecografia per lo spostamento laterale aveva sensibilità del 75 %, specificità del 63,6 %, accuratezza del 66,7 %, PPV di 42,8, NPV di 87,5 %, PLR di 2.06 e NLR di 0,39.Abbiamo concluso che l’ecografia è una metodica di imaging non invasiva che può essere utilizzata per la valutazione delle dislocazioni anteriori e laterali del disco articolare nei pazienti con ID di TMJ.

A 52-year-old male patient with past medical history most significant for recurrent unprovoked bilateral lower limb deep vein thrombosis in 2010 as well as diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. Although the patient was appropriately anti-coagulated, on warfarin, he presented with sub-massive pulmonary embolism in 2011, hence a …

Five women with winter depression, as part of seasonal affective disorder, aged 30 to 58 years, were given the selective MAO-A inhibitor moclobemide, 400 mg daily, for 4 weeks, beginning in February 1991. The mean total score on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale was reduced from 24.6 at base line to 16.4 after 1 week (significant) and 5.0 after 4 weeks. Although this was an open trial and was performed in the second half of the usual period of winter depression, the marked and uniform improvement seems to indicate a satisfactory effect of moclobemide. There were very few treatment-emergent side effects.

Psychiatric morbidity in the Arctic has not been extensively studied. Seasonal variations in climate, light and darkness are unique for these areas and impose special kinds of strains on the population. Three case-histories focusing on snow-wandering as a parasuicidal act are presented. One of them bears some resemblance to the Arctic hysteria described among Eskimoes. Reasons for choosing snow-wandering as an alternative to other kinds of suicide are discussed and a hypothesis is suggested. The psychological and physiological factors as explanations for post snow-wandering amnesia are discussed. Language: en

Coprophagia in humans can be seen among mentally retarded and psychiatric patients, but is not often reported in the literature on adult psychiatry. A case of coprophagia in a female with Major Affective Disorder is reported. The relevant literature is briefly reviewed.