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There is an urgent need to forecast real estate unit prices because the average price of residential real estate is always fluctuating. This paper provides a real estate price prediction model based on supervised regression deep learning with 3 hidden layers, a Relu activation function, 100 neurons, and a Root Mean Square Propagation optimizer (RMS Prop). The model was developed using actual data collected from 28 Egyptian cities between 2014 and 2022. The model can forecast the price of a real estate unit based on 27 different variables. The model is created in two stages: adjusting the parameters to obtain the best ones using a sensitivity k-fold technique, then optimizing the result. 85 percent of the real estate unit data gathered was used in training and developing the model, while the other 15 percent was used in validating and testing. By using a dropout regularization technique of 0.60 on the model layers, the final developed model had a maximum error of 10.58%. After validation, the model had a maximum error of about 9.50%. A graphical user interface (GUI) tool is developed to make use of the final predictive model, which is very simple for real estate developers and decision-makers to use. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2023-09-04 Full Text: PDF

Adenosine is a small molecule directly involved in maintaining homeostasis under pathological and stressful conditions. Due to its rapid metabolism, delivery vehicles capable of exhibiting extended release of adenosine are of paramount interest. Herein, we demonstrate a superior long-term (9 days) release profile of adenosine from biocompatible MOFs in a physiologically relevant environment. The key to the biocompatibility of MOFs is their stability under biologically relevant conditions. This study additionally highlights the interplay between the chemical stability of prototypal MOFs, assessed under physiological conditions, and their cytotoxicity profiles. Cytotoxicity of the prototypal Zn-based MOF (ZIF-8) and three Zr-based MOFs (UiO-66, UiO-66-NH

Herein, we report, for the first time, the influence of the state of spin of the Cr3+ ions on the structure and magnetic behavior of LaFe1−xCrxO3 (0.0 1−xCrxO3 (0.0 3+ ions on the structure and morphology of the LaFe1−xCrxO3 nanostructures was emphasized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), the selected area of electron diffraction (SAED), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the inclusion of the Cr3+ ions into the Fe3+ sites leads to an increase in the crystallite size of the LaFe1−xCrxO3 (0.0 3+ ions in the Fe sites results in an enhancement of the magnetic parameters. The enhancement of the magnetic behavior was argued to the tendency of the Cr3+ ions to be in the high spin state when included in the Fe3+ ions site. This improvement in the magnetic performance of the LaFe1−xCrxO3 (x = 0.2) nanocrystals will open a new avenue for using this nanomagnetic material in the fields of memory storage and magneto-optical devices.

Objective: Project complexity is a crucial factor in project management that presents auxiliary obstacles to reaching project objectives (cost, time, safety, and quality). This study aims at understanding project complexity and factors affecting project complexity. The overall objective of the study is to determine the nature of complexity and characteristics, identify the important complex factors that influence the complexity of the project, factor weight of the complex factors, and develop a proposed construction complexity index (CCI). Methods: According to the literature review, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to measure the affecting factors of project complexity. Results: This paper developed an index to measure complexity based on factor weights called construction complexity index (CCI). The validity of this index was verified by studying 3 cases. The construction complexity index (CCI) proposed here allows measuring the complexity of the projects in Egypt. The results of this paper provide guidelines on how to successfully manage the complexity of the project. Conclusion: Project complexity management relates to the challenge of dealing with technical competence, professional diversity, uncertainties, and unforeseen events in project implementation. Project managers, who are critical to effectiveness or failure, need skills such as adaptation, creativity, and flexibility to meet this challenge. Therefore, this study provides guidelines to help practitioners to develop their capabilities in managing complex projects. Moreover, this paper enables participants to identify factors affecting the complexity of projects and how to calculate this complexity through the complex index. The outcomes of this study can be used by practitioners to develop a complexity assessment and management tool, which would enable industry practitioners to allocate resources effectively on complex construction projects. This research aimed to develop a measure by which the complexity of construction projects in Egypt can be evaluated and establish guidelines on avoiding complexity in projects.

While infrastructure investments can have a significant impact on economic growth, they can also have a negative impact on the environmental and social aspects. As a result, there has lately been a strong trend toward assessing infrastructure projects based on their expected sustainability performance. The primary contribution of this paper is the development of a model for assessing the sustainability of infrastructure projects. 100 infrastructure sustainability factors were collected from previous research to cover the various phases of any infrastructure project. These factors were divided into the three main pillars of sustainability: economic, environmental, and social, with percentages of 50%, 30%, and 20%, respectively. A questionnaire of 100 infrastructure development experts from various sectors was conducted to rate the sustainability factors within each of the three main pillars according to their relative importance. The most important 27 factors were chosen. Another questionnaire was conducted for the 27 factors, using the AHP technique to identify the priority vectors in each of the three main pillars, as well as the selected factors within each of them. A recommended scale was created to be used as a yardstick to measure the proposed model’s input factors. For the three main pillars, three sustainability assessment models were developed. As a result, an overall sustainability assessment model was developed. With this model, the proposed infrastructure projects can be evaluated and ranked according to their expected sustainability outcomes. Consequently, decision-makers can successfully plan for the sustainable development of the infrastructure projects within certain specified boundaries and restrictions.

Given the ongoing need for projects to achieve profitability, it is critical that they are completed on time and to the agreed-upon contractual specifications and quality. The need to identify the most important classified performance indicators (CPIs) for assessing construction projects' progress toward these objectives, as well as the satisfaction of the various stakeholders involved in the projects. As a result, the goal is to identify and prioritize CPIs that reflect Egyptian construction project performance. CPIs are identified in two stages and are divided into eight major perspectives (financial, operation, supporting, stakeholders, human capital, health, safety, and environmental, social, and innovation, learning, and growth). The first stage involved identifying (110) factors from the literature, which were then filtered and developed. The second stage involved creating a questionnaire based on the significant factors that had been identified. As a result, the (40) most important CPIs affecting the performance of the development project were identified.

Overlapping (or fast tracking) is a schedule compression technique in which phases or activities normally performed in sequence are performed in parallel, PMI, [1]. Rework has both direct and indirect effects on the performance of construction projects. The direct effect of the impact of rework are: additional time for rework, additional costs of rework, additional materials spent on rework and control next waste, additional labor for rework, difficulty of managing resources. To reduce the impact of reworks there is a need to understand their basic reason for their existence or set of conditions that stimulate their occurrence in a building process. This paper aims to identify the top important changes that affecting upstream production rate and causing reworks in downstream activities. These changes were identified through three stages. The first stage twenty three changes which causing reworks in downstream activities were collected from past literature review and were divided into three major categories: designer, contractor and owner changes. One hundred effective interviews were conducted and their results are employed. The second stage, the twenty three changes were then ranked from the most significant to the less significant. The third stage, the 80/20 rule applied to the changes identified to get the eight most important changes that represented about 25% of the causes. The result shows the top important eight factors which were considered as the factors affecting upstream production rate and causing reworks in downstream activities as follows: 1) Lack of coordination and poor communication, 2) The contractor instruction to modify a design, 3) Non-compliance with specification, 4) The owner instruction to modify a design, 5) Incomplete design at the time of tender, 6) Poor planning and coordination of resources, 7) Errors made in the contract documentation and 8) Lack of experience and knowledge of the design and construction process.

In this work, the astrophysical parameters of the open cluster Gulliver 1 are calculated using Gaia DR2 catalogue. The parameters that covered under this study are the radius, distance, colour exce...

The objective of this research paper is to provide a prototype expert system that can materially help to reduce the likelihood of construction disputes. The inputs of this system include many relevant factors that can adequately describe the construction project environment. The outputs of the proposed expert system will be in the form of a complete tabulation for the expected causes of construction disputes for the construction project under discussion. The different phases of the system development will be deeply discussed. Some guidelines will be systematically provided to show how can the suggested expert system can be operated. Finally, some selected case study applications will be provided to check the validity of the proposed system.

Earned value method (EVM) is used for cost performance forecasting. But, it has not been used for time performance forecasting. Also, the extended methods to EVM for improving the time forecasting ...

selecting an appropriate dewatering system is a key for successful completion of a project. The selection process depends mainly upon the subjective opinion of construction practitioners. Therefore, this experience has to be documented and stored in the company database for usage in future projects. However, such an evaluation involves a complex decision-making process associated with numerous uncertainty factors, imprecise information and judgments. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been widely applied to evaluate alternatives related to multiple decision criteria. Nevertheless, the AHP is incapable of dealing with the inherent subjectivity and ambiguity existing in the mapping of the decision-maker judgment to exact numerical values. This paper introduces an attempt to store the experts’ subjective experience using a fuzzy AHP approach in an attempt to determine the dewatering main criteria weights. The approach employs triangular fuzzy numbers and the α-cut concept to better represent the degrees of uncertainty held by the decision-maker.

The main premise of transaction cost economics is that project cost is not only production costs but there are also additional costs resulting from transactions between parties. Transaction costs i...

Objectives Since being declared a global pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus had a significant impact on the entire globe. The pandemic has placed a heavy burden on healthcare systems worldwide, and cancer patients are particularly prone. Despite the fact that initial international reports suggest delays in breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and screening programs, the Egyptian context requires additional research on this topic. To examine whether COVID-19 has changed the pattern of disease presentation before and after the pandemic, focusing on the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging of the disease at the initial presentation Methods This single-center, retrospective study of female BC patients initially diagnosed at Baheya Foundation was conducted during the following time frames: from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020 (Pre COVID-19 cohort) and from Mar 2020 to Mar 2021 (post–COVID-19 cohort). We compared the two cohorts in terms of clinical characteristics, tumor characteristics, and the number of days from presentation to treatment. Our primary endpoint was the difference in the TNM stage of BC at the initial presentation. Results This analysis included 710 BC patients, 350 from the pre-COVID cohort and 360 from the post-COVID group. We detected a 27.9% increase in late-stage BC (stages III-IV) in the post-pandemic cohort compared to the pre-pandemic (60.1% vs. 47%, p < 0.001). The time from diagnosis to commencement of treatment was significantly longer (28.34 ± 18.845 vs 36.04 ± 23.641 days, p < 0.001) in the post-COVID cohort (mean difference = 7.702, 95% CI 4.54–10.85, p < 0.001). A higher percentage of patients in the post-pandemic cohort received systemic neoadjuvant therapy ( p-value for Exact’s test for all treatment options = 0.001). Conclusions The number of patients requiring systemic neoadjuvant chemotherapy increased dramatically in the post-pandemic group with advanced stages of BC at presentation. This study highlights the need for proper management of cancer patients during any future pandemic.

Infrastructure projects may be viewed as a country's economic development locomotive. On the other hand, such initiatives may have a detrimental impact on environmental and social concerns. As a result, these projects should be evaluated based on their predicted sustainability performance and then develop this performance. This paper aims to develop an integrated sustainability optimization tool for infrastructure projects in Egypt. Using this tool, decision-makers can analyze, rank, and prioritize projects based on their predicted sustainability performance and then pick the portfolio of projects that produces the highest overall sustainability score. Sustainability factors were discovered from the existing literature. Based on a questionnaire, the most important factors were selected to address the three main pillars of sustainability: economic, environmental, and social. As the first step in this tool, an infrastructure project sustainability performance prediction model was created. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was utilized as a model development tool, each of the planned infrastructure projects may be granted a sustainability score. The assigned score reflects these projects' predicted sustainability performance. As a result, such projects may be prioritized based on their sustainability performance. As the second step in this tool, an optimization model was developed under specific criteria, these criteria include maintaining a limited budget cap and earning the required minimum score for each of the three sustainability pillars. As an optimization model, the Genetic Algorithm Technique was applied. To make the provided tool's operation more user-friendly, computer software was created. A real-life case study application was considered.

In this work, the Restricted Four-Body Problem is formulated in Hamiltonian form. The canonical form for the system is obtained which represents the equations of motion. The collinear libration points are obtained, we have five collinear libration points. The non-collinear libration points are found which are three non collinear libration points, they are obtained for different angles between the sight of Sun and the plane of Earth-Moon. The periodic orbits around each of these libration points are studied using two methods. The first method depends on the reduction of order of differential equations and the second method depends on the Eigen values of the characteristic equation. Two codes of MATHEMATICA are constructed to apply these two methods on the Sun- Earth-Moon-Spacecraft. The Poincare sections are obtained using the first method, these sections are used to illustrate the intersect points of the trajectories with the plane perpendicular to the plane of motion about each of the collinear libration points. Mirror symmetry is explored about each of these points. The Lyapunov orbits, and the Lissajous orbits about each of the collinear libration points are the results obtained by the second method. The eccentricities and the periods of each orbit are obtained. This study illustrates that the motion about the libration point L2 is more stable than the motion about any other collinear libration points.

The remarkable water stability of Zr-carboxylatebased metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) stimulated considerable interest toward their utilization in aqueous phase applications. The origin of such stability is probed here through pH titration and plc modeling. A unique feature of the Zr-6(mu 3OH)(4)(mu O-3)(4)(RCO2)(12) cluster is the Zr-bridging oxo/hydroxyl groups, demonstrating several pK(a) values that appear to provide for the water stability at a wide range of pH. Accordingly, the tunability of the cage/surface charge of the MOF can feasibly be controlled through careful adjustment of solution pH. Such high stability, and facile control over cage/surface charge, can additionally be augmented through introducing chemical functionalities lining the cages of the MOF, specifically amine groups in the UiO-66-NH2 presented herein. The variable protonation states of the Zr cluster and the pendant amino groups, their H-bond donor/acceptor characteristics, and their electrostatic interactions with guest molecules were effectively utilized in controlled experiments to demonstrate high uptake of model guest molecules (137 mg/g for Cr(VI), 1275 mg/g for methylene blue, and 909 mg/g for methyl orange). Additionally, a practical form of the silica-supported MOF, UiO-66-NH2 @SiO2, constructed in under 2 h reaction time, is described, generating a true platform microporous sorbent for practical use in demanding applications.

OBJECTIVES Few studies investigated the correlation between foreign body (FB) ingestion and occurrence of complications. The local literature is limited to case reports and small case series on esophageal FBs. We conducted this study to identify the high-risk factors predisposing to complications among Saudi children ingesting FBs. METHODS The medical records of 436 children (boys, 59.6%; mean age, 4.4 ± 2.7 years) presenting to the emergency department (ED) between 2007 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Relative risk analysis of clinical variables was performed between 2 groups: The first group constituted children without FB-related complications (n = 389), and the second group included those with major complications (n = 14). Major complication was defined as any event associated with significant morbidity such as esophageal stricture, esophageal perforation, esophageal fistula, and intestinal perforation or fistula formation. RESULTS Most of the 436 cases presented between ages 2 and 4 years (35.1%). Coin was the most commonly ingested FB (22.9%) followed by button battery (19.5%). Most of the ingested FBs passed spontaneously without intervention (69%). Upper endoscopy was performed in 121 cases (27.7%). By multivariate analysis, the variables that were significantly associated with major complications included the following: very young age group (0-2 years; odds ratio [OR], 11.5), button battery (OR, 4), FB impacted at upper esophagus (OR, 8.7), and longer time duration to visit the ED (OR, 14.7). CONCLUSION Button battery impaction at upper esophagus in very young children and delayed presentation to the ED were the most significant risk factors of FB-related complications.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of Ocimum gratissimum and Telfairia occidentalis leaves. Study Design: This study was made to fit a one-way Analysis of Variance. Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in the Department of Premedical Science, Educational Advancement Centre, Ibadan and Pharmaceutical Laboratory of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria between January and June, 2018. Methods: Both plants were purchased from Bodija market in Ibadan, Nigeria. The leaves were removed from the stem and washed with running water to remove contaminants. It was oven dried at 37˚C and milled into powder and extracted with ethanol. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of the phytochemical content as well as antioxidant potential were investigated. Results: The result showed that O. gratissimum is significantly higher in flavonoids content but lower in alkaloids when compared with those of T. occidentalis at P

Background: Endometriosis commonly presents with dysmenorrhea, non-menstrual pelvic pain, and infertility. Elagolix is an oral, short-acting, gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist acting through complete estrogen suppression. Objective: To evaluate the evidence from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the efficacy and safety of Elagolix in the treatment of endometriosis associated pain. Search strategy: Electronic databases containing articles published between January 2000 and February 2020 were searched using the MeSH terms (Elagolix OR gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist OR GnRH antagonist OR antigonadotropin) AND (endometriosis) AND (pelvic pain). Selection criteria: All RCTs assessing the efficacy of Elagolix in the treatment of pain associated with endometriosis were considered for this network meta-analysis, where five studies were deemed eligible for this review. Data collection and analysis: The mean difference (MD) and confidence intervals (95% CI) for continuous outcomes including analgesic use, dysmenorrhea, non-menstrual pelvic pain, and quality of life were calculated. Main results: Elagolix 250 mg reduced dysmenorrhea significantly, as compared to placebo, (MD = -0.41, 95% CI [-0.7, -0.13]) at 12 weeks, while Elagolix 200 mg reduced dysmenorrhea significantly (MD= -1.2, 95% CI [-1.9, -0.57]) compared to placebo after 24 weeks of treatment. Conclusions: Elagolix 200 mg seems to be an effective drug with fewer side effects when used to reduce dysmenorrhea and non-menstrual pelvic pain after 24 weeks of treatment in patients with endometriosis.

The water leaching solid residues (WLSR) obtained from salt-roasting Egyptian boiler ash are considered an essential secondary resource for (13%) nickel and (5.6%) zinc extraction. Hence, the current study aims for the cost-effective and high purity Ni, Zn, Fe and Mg metal ion extraction from (WLSR) using a sulfuric acid leaching process. The factors affecting the percentage recovery of Ni, Zn, Fe and Mg from WLSR, including leaching temperature, time, acid concentration and solid/liquid ratio, have been investigated. The obtained leaching solutions were analyzed chemically using ICP, and the different precipitates were analyzed mineralogically using XRD and EDX analysis and chemically using XRF. The maximum percentage recovery of Ni, Zn, Fe and Mg was 95.02%, 90.13%, 66.29% and 75.73%, which was obtained under the optimum leaching conditions of 8% H2SO4 concentration and 1/15 solid/liquid ratio at 85 °C for 240 min. The effect of pH, Fe2O3 dosage as nucleating agent and the precipitation duration on iron removal and Ni and Zn loss have been thoroughly studied. It has been found that >95% of the contained iron impurity can be removed, while nickel and zinc losses are around 4.2% and 3.8%, respectively. Additionally, a pH of 6 and 0.45 mol/L concentration of H2C2O4 was utilized to precipitate Mg as MgC2O4.2H2O, demonstrating that the precipitation efficiency of Mg reaches 96.9%. Nickel and zinc precipitation efficiency was 92.25% and 85.51%, respectively, by raising the solution pH to approximately 9. The kinetic of Ni and Zn dissolution has been investigated to explain the mechanism prevalent and the factors influencing the leaching process. It has been found that the nickel leaching kinetic is controlled by both diffusion through an inert porous layer and by chemical reaction with an activation energy of 20.25 kJ.mol−1. Meanwhile, the kinetic of zinc leaching is controlled by solid product layer diffusion with an activation energy of 11.67 kJ mol−1.

Vehicle weight reduction and fuel efficiency can be improved using multi-material structures incorporating high-performance materials such as aluminum, ultra-high-strength steel, and carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites. Critical to enabling the adoption of aluminum alloys in lightweight multi-material structures are robust joining methods that play a key role in structural performance; crashworthiness; durability; and noise, vibration and harshness. Recent studies have investigated the mechanical performance parameters (i.e. strength, stiffness and energy absorption) of joints created using adhesive bonding and self-piercing riveting (SPR). However, a number of questions regarding the implications of sheet thickness selection on the mechanical performance parameters of adhesively bonded and SPR aluminum joints subjected to tension loading remain to be addressed in order to improve the mechanical performance of joined structures and maximize weight reduction opportunities. In the present study, experimental testing of adhesively bonded and SPR aluminum joints under tension loading was investigated to evaluate the mechanical performance parameters of individual joining methods across a range of typical aluminum alloy sheet thicknesses used in transportation structures (1, 2 and 3 mm). The experimental results showed that increasing sheet metal thickness significantly improved joint strength and stiffness response in both adhesively bonded and SPR joints owing to reduced compliance of the joint. While adhesively bonded joints provided up to 20.5% higher joint strength and up to 421% higher stiffness response, SPR joints achieved up to 353% higher energy absorption. In adhesively bonded joints, energy absorption increased almost linearly with sheet thickness; however, SPR joints demonstrated an optimum energy absorption for a particular sheet thickness.

In this work, the Hamiltonian of the four-body problem is considered under the effects of solar radiation pressure. The equations of motion of the infinitesimal body are obtained in the Hamiltonian canonical form. The libration points and the corresponding Jacobi constants are obtained with different values of the solar radiation pressure coefficient. The motion and its stability about each point are studied. A family of periodic orbits under the effects of the gravitational forces of the primaries and the solar radiation pressure are obtained depending on the pure numerical method. This purpose is applied to the Sun-Earth-Moon-Space craft system, and the results obtained are in a good agreement with the previous work such as (Kumari and Papadouris, 2013).