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6 results on '"Ahmed Al-Salami"'

1. Value of imprint cytology for the rapid diagnosis of mucormycosis in the COVID-19 pandemic setting – A pilot study

Author

Varna Menon, Ahmed Al Salami, Maryam Al Balushi, Faisal Israr, Noora Al Balushi, and Sheikha Al Anboori

Subjects
covid-19, imprint cytology, rapid diagnosis, rhino-orbito mucormycosis, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

Background: The second wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic recorded a surge in rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) infection in COVID-19-positive patients with diabetes and on concomitant steroid therapy. The rapidly progressive and devastating nature of the disease necessitated prompt diagnosis and early intervention to improve patient outcomes. Histopathology and fungal culture remain essential tools; however, these investigations have long and variable turn-around times (TATs) and may delay the initiation of treatment. Frozen section is not widely available and should be avoided in COVID-19-positive cases due to the risk of aerosol production and droplet exposure. In cases with high clinicoradiologic suspicion for mucormycosis, imprint cytologic evaluation provides a rapid diagnosis. Familiarity with fungal cytomorphology, awareness of morphologic pitfalls, and implementation of a standardized reporting format aid in diagnostic accuracy. Method: Eighteen COVID-19-positive patients, who were admitted to our hospital with clinical suspicion of mucormycosis during June and July 2021, were included in the study. We used nasal or oral imprint cytology for the initial, rapid detection of Mucor. Cytology findings were correlated with histopathology and fungal culture results. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 100%, 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that imprint cytology can be a rapid, cost-effective, first-line diagnostic modality in Mucor diagnosis.

Published
2024
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2. The role of supporting services in driving SARS-CoV-2 transmission within healthcare settings: A multicenter seroprevalence study

Author

Amal Al-Maani, Adil Al Wahaibi, Jabir Al-Sooti, Bader Al Abri, Intisar Al Shukri, Elham AlRisi, Laila Al Abri, Khalid AlDaghari, Mahmood Al Subhi, Salima AlMaqbali, Salim AlBurtamani, Asma AlAbri, Ahmed Al Salami, Iman Al-Beloushi, Najla Al-Zadjali, Abdullah Alqayoudhi, Hanan Al-Kindi, Khalifa Al Shaqsi, Amina Al-Jardani, and Seif Al-Abri

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Healthcare workers, Community, Serosurvey, Infection, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in healthcare workers (HCWs) based on risk of exposure to COVID-19 patients. Method: This was a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence cross-sectional study in risk-stratified HCWs randomly selected from three main district hospitals in Oman. Results: 1078 HCWs were included, with an overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence of 21%. The seropositivity rates in low-, variable-, and high-risk groups were 29%, 18%, and 17%, respectively (p-value < 0.001). The study found higher positivity in males (crude odds ratio [COR] 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–2.3), and workers residing in high-prevalence areas (COR 2.09, 95% CI 1.42–3.07). Compared with doctors, workers from supporting services, administration staff, and nurses were more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (COR 9.81, 95% CI 5.26–18.27; 2.37, 95% CI 1.23–4.58; 2.08 95% CI 1.14–3.81). The overall rate of previously undetected infection was 12%, with higher values in low-risk HCWs. High district prevalence was a driving factor for seropositivity in the low-risk group (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.36, 95% CI 1.0–5.59). Conclusion: Low-risk supporting services workers can drive SARS-CoV-2 transmission in hospitals. More attention and innovation within this area will enhance the safety of health care during epidemics/pandemics.

Published
2021
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3. The role of supporting services in driving SARS-CoV-2 transmission within healthcare settings: A multicenter seroprevalence study

Author

Asma AlAbri, Salima AlMaqbali, Bader Al Abri, Seif Al-Abri, Intisar Al Shukri, Elham AlRisi, Iman Al-Beloushi, Abdullah Alqayoudhi, Salim AlBurtamani, Jabir Al-Sooti, Mahmood Al Subhi, Amina Al-Jardani, Khalifa Al Shaqsi, Najla Al-Zadjali, Amal Al-Maani, Adil Al Wahaibi, Khalid AlDaghari, Laila Al Abri, Ahmed Al Salami, and Hanan Al-Kindi

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Adult, Male, Oman, Cross-sectional study, serosurvey, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Health Personnel, 030106 microbiology, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Article, health care workers, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Pandemic, Health care, Seroprevalence, Medicine, Healthcare workers, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Confidence interval, infection, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), Cross-Sectional Studies, community, Female, business, Demography
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in healthcare workers (HCWs) based on risk of exposure to COVID-19 patients. METHOD: This was a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence cross-sectional study in risk-stratified HCWs randomly selected from three main district hospitals in Oman. RESULTS: 1078 HCWs were included, with an overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence of 21%. The seropositivity rates in low-, variable-, and high-risk groups were 29%, 18%, and 17%, respectively (p-value < 0.001). The study found higher positivity in males (crude odds ratio [COR] 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-2.3), and workers residing in high-prevalence areas (COR 2.09, 95% CI 1.42-3.07). Compared with doctors, workers from supporting services, administration staff, and nurses were more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (COR 9.81, 95% CI 5.26-18.27; 2.37, 95% CI 1.23-4.58; 2.08 95% CI 1.14-3.81). The overall rate of previously undetected infection was 12%, with higher values in low-risk HCWs. High district prevalence was a driving factor for seropositivity in the low-risk group (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.36, 95% CI 1.0-5.59). CONCLUSION: Low-risk supporting services workers can drive SARS-CoV-2 transmission in hospitals. More attention and innovation within this area will enhance the safety of health care during epidemics/pandemics.

Published
2021

4. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) Reduces Oxidative Damage to Pancreatic Tissue and Combats Hyperglycaemia in Diabetic Rats

Author

Mohamed A. Al-Kindi, Sithara Suresh, Bader R.S. Al-Ruqaishi, Halima K. Al-Issaei, Nejib Guizani, Mohammad Shafiur Rahman, Ahmed Al-Salami, Sultan Al-Maskari, and Mostafa I. Waly

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Antioxidant, DNA damage, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Intraperitoneal injection, Type 2 diabetes, Glutathione, Pharmacology, medicine.disease, Streptozotocin, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, business, Oxidative stress, Food Science, medicine.drug
Abstract

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetes and hyperglycaemia. The protective effects of natural extracts against diabetes are mainly dependent on their antioxidant and hypoglycaemic properties. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) exerts beneficial health effects in several diseases including diabetes; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated yet. The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential hypoglycaemic and antioxidant properties of aqueous broccoli extracts (BEs) in diabetic rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) drug was used as a diabetogenic agent in a single intraperitoneal injection dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. The blood glucose level for each rat was measured twice a week. After 8 weeks, all animals were fasted overnight and sacrificed; pancreatic tissues were homogenized and used for measuring oxidative DNA damage, biochemical assessment of glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as well as histopathological examination for pancreatic tissues was examined. Diabetic rats showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage, GSH depletion, and impaired TAC levels in comparison to non-diabetics (P

Published
2017
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5. Carrageenan Extracted from Hypnea bryodies Seaweed Attenuates Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemia, Oxidative Stress and Pancreatic Histopathological Changes in Diabetic Rats

Author

Bader R.S. Al-Ruqaishi, Halima K. Al-Issaei, Mohamed A. Al-Kindi, Ahmed Al-Salami, Sultan Al-Maskari, Nasneen Althaf, Ahmed Al-Alawi, and Zainab Mohammed Al-Nahdi

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, food.ingredient, food, Chemistry, Applied Mathematics, medicine, Hypnea, Pharmacology, medicine.disease_cause, Streptozotocin, Oxidative stress, medicine.drug, Carrageenan
Published
2016
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6. Broccoli (

Author

Sithara, Suresh, Mostafa Ibrahim, Waly, Mohammad Shafiur, Rahman, Nejib, Guizani, Mohamed Abdullah Badar, Al-Kindi, Halima Khalfan Ahmed, Al-Issaei, Sultan Nasser Mohd, Al-Maskari, Bader Rashid Said, Al-Ruqaishi, and Ahmed, Al-Salami

Subjects
oxidative stress, Articles, type 2 diabetes, broccoli extract, streptozotocin, hyperglycaemia
Abstract

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetes and hyperglycaemia. The protective effects of natural extracts against diabetes are mainly dependent on their antioxidant and hypoglycaemic properties. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) exerts beneficial health effects in several diseases including diabetes; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated yet. The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential hypoglycaemic and antioxidant properties of aqueous broccoli extracts (BEs) in diabetic rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) drug was used as a diabetogenic agent in a single intraperitoneal injection dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. The blood glucose level for each rat was measured twice a week. After 8 weeks, all animals were fasted overnight and sacrificed; pancreatic tissues were homogenized and used for measuring oxidative DNA damage, biochemical assessment of glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as well as histopathological examination for pancreatic tissues was examined. Diabetic rats showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage, GSH depletion, and impaired TAC levels in comparison to non-diabetics (P

Published
2017

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