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This study compared the achievement emotions of Egyptian undergraduates in online versus in-person classes. A sample of 147 students completed an adapted version of the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire concerning class-related matters. Additionally, 50 students completed written interviews regarding their emotional reactions. The results showed that students experienced higher levels of positive emotions and lower levels of negative emotions in in-person classes as compared to online classes. In terms of in-person classes, students appreciated having direct contact with teachers and other students and enjoyed better understanding of the lectures. However, they did not feel comfortable about asking/answering questions or taking sudden tests/quizzes. In terms of online classes, students appreciated feeling comfortable at home, saving time/effort as they did not commute to the university and having more accessible learning resources. However, they faced several technical problems and did not manage well with the lack of direct interaction with teachers and other students.

Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to examine how bilinguals express their emotions in their first language (L1) versus their second language (L2) in autobiographical narratives. Methodology: A total of 64 Egyptian learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) took an English language proficiency test, and wrote about the happiest or saddest experiences they recalled in Arabic and in English. Data and Analysis: The narratives were analysed for the frequency and the valence of emotion words. Findings/Conclusions: The results showed no difference between the narratives of the two languages in terms of the frequency of words. However, the L2 narratives were generally more negatively valenced than the L1 narratives, and more emotional polarity was noted in the L2 narratives, particularly in sad situations. The results failed to show any effect for the participants' age, gender or L2 proficiency on the frequency or valence of the emotion words. Originality: This study compared two languages that are distant at several levels, including typography and culture. In addition, the study examined some variables that were not investigated in earlier emotion studies of bilingualism. Significance/Implications: The study presents several implications in relation to the emotional contexts of learning theory and the pedagogy of emotion words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: In ovo feeding technology using eco-friendly products can play a significant role in poultry production. The current study aimed to evaluate the early intervention of green nanoparticles of silver and probiotics to enhance the embryonic development and, subsequently, the health status of hatched chicks by decreasing pathogenic bacteria populations. This study showed that in ovo green nanoparticles of silver, probiotics, and their combination improved the productivity, health status, and microbial counts of hatched one-day-old broilers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the in ovo feeding of green nanoparticles of silver (Nano-Ag), probiotics, and their combination on hatchability, carcass criteria and internal organs, biochemical parameters, and cecal microbial populations in hatched one-day-old chicks. On day 18 of incubation, 250 live embryo eggs were weighed and randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups: a negative control group, a positive control group consisting of chicks injected with 0.2 mL physiological saline, a group consisting of chicks injected with 0.2 mL Nano-Ag, a group consisting of chicks injected with 0.2 mL probiotics (Bifidobacterium spp.), and a group consisting of chicks injected with 0.2 mL combination of Nano-Ag and probiotics (1:1). The results showed that the in ovo injection of Nano-Ag or probiotics, alone or in combination, had no effect on hatchability, live body weight, or internal organs but improved (p < 0.05) chick carcass yield compared to the control groups. Furthermore, in ovo feeding decreased (p < 0.05) serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, as well as cecal E. coli, but increased Bifidobacterium spp. when compared to the control groups. Based on these findings, in ovo injections of green Nano-Ag and probiotics, either alone or in combination, have the potential to improve chick health and balance the microbial populations in hatched one-day-old chicks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]