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Since the 50 s of the last century, labor charts have been proposed and appraised as a tool to diagnose labor abnormalities and guide decision-making. The partogram, the most widely adopted form of labor charts, has been endorsed by the world health organization (WHO) since 1994. Nevertheless, recent studies and systematic reviews did not support clinical significance of application of the WHO partogram. These results have led to further studies that investigate modifications to the structure of the partogram, or more recently, to reconstruct new labor charts to improve their clinical efficacy. This guideline appraises current evidence on use of labor charts in management of labor specially in low-resource settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compatibility studies of biological control agents with different agrochemicals have paramount importance to provide proper guidelines for their integrated use and time of application of these agents. The effect of twenty-one different agrochemical formulations commonly used in vineyards including 10 fungicides, 5 insecticides, 2 acaricides and four plant growth regulators on conidial germination and vegetative growth of entomopathogenic fungi; B. bassiana MN710408 and M. anisopliae MN710409 was tested under laboratory conditions. The results of this study showed that among tested fungicides, copper hydroxide formulation was highly compatible with both fungal isolates, it even stimulated conidial germination at all tested concentrations. Also, Copper-sulphate® showed a high stimulant effect with B. bassiana isolate and to a lesser extent with M. anisopliae isolate. The neonicotinoids were compatible with both fungal isolates at certain concentrations. Lufenuron® showed a stimulation effect to both fungal isolates. Regarding plant growth regulators, the Dormex® formulation completely inhibited conidial germination and vegetative growth of both fungal isolates at field recommended concentration, while other types of these agrochemicals showed various degrees of compatibility depending on the fungal isolate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research & Development / Maǧallaẗ Al-Fayūm lil Buḥūṯ wa Al-Tanmiyyaẗ Al-Zirāʿiyyaẗ is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research & Development / Maǧallaẗ Al-Fayūm lil Buḥūṯ wa Al-Tanmiyyaẗ Al-Zirāʿiyyaẗ is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Survey and population density of the olive bark borer, Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (Bern.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), and its associated parasitoids were carried out at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt during the two successive years 2008 and 2009. Six species of hymenopterous parasitoids were recorded i.e. Cheiropachus quadrum L. Eurytoma morio Bohemen., Raphitelus maculates Walker. Cerocephala cornigera Westw., Cephalonomia sp. and Dendrosoter protuberans Ness. D. protuberans was recorded for the first time on P. scarabaeoidesn in Egypt. P. scarabaeoides had two peaks in 2008 and 2009, while the parasitoids had one peak in 2008 and 2 peaks in 2009. C. quadrum was the dominant parasitoid in both seasons, with a relative density of 75.8 and 39.7, respectively. In 2008, percentage of parasitism ranged between 0.2 and 52.9%, while in 2009 it ranged between 0.07 and 29.9%. Highest percentages of parasitism (52.9% and 29.9%) were recorded in January 2008 and February 2009, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]