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Museums contain a high number of historical textiles were made from silk dyed fabric that decorated with metallic threads. Pulsed laser radiation was used in order to remove dirt, corrosion and small particles from a substrate in different historical objects such as textiles. this study presents the experimental results on laser irradiation of silk dyed with natural dyes using ultrafast laser radiation (pulse duration <100 fs) with different pulse energies, in order to evaluate and to better understand the effect of laser interaction on historical textiles. Silk fabric has been prepared and dyed with natural dyes to be similar to the Egyptian Historical textiles. The resulting surface morphology was studied by using SEM and optical microscopy. In addition, color parameters (CIE Lab) and chemical properties of irradiated samples were studied for silk dyed with safflower or cochineal dyes, and alum, CuSO4 or ferric citrate mordants. Furthermore, determination of samples thickness and degree of crystallinity were performed before and after laser irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object under study represents a standard sample of the metallic embroidery threads in a late Ottoman historic textile object. The object ispart of the textile collection of Sheikh Yusuf Jameel - Saudi Arabia. It is richly decorated with multicolored plant motifs and with written decorations. The object dimensions are 185x280 cm. It was fixed on a plywood holder. Some of the metallic threads were coated with white oil paint. The uncontrolled conditions affect the identification of certain kinds of damages and deteriorations of metallic and natural threads. Different parts of the object were highly faded and discolored. A close examination of the textile was followed by various non-invasive analyses, in order to plan an appropriate conservation treatment. Our research revealed the practical strategies which have to be followed in maintaining and conserving textiles. The effects of cleaning substances on the natural dyes were tested. Different types of solvent were used to remove the corrosion layer from the metallic threads. Dry cleaning was used to remove resistant stains. The process of maintenance and restoration was recorded step by step, beginning from the historical record of the textile, to the various cleaning processes used. Additionally, we indicated the processes of fixing cleaned pieces on a new holder, as a preparation for their display in the Sheikh Yusuf Jameel museum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some of Historical textiles objects in Egyptian museums are containing different types of adhesives from previous restoration processes. Furthermore, they may contain some protein stains such as blood stains, which could involve more damage for the historical textiles. In the context of removing the adhesives by various methods, one may cause damage in the textiles, therefore the biotechnological application of enzymes seems to be a very promising approach in the restoration of historical objects. Our results show that enzyme removing is the most effective method, among all tested methods, in the removing of resistant old adhesives and stains. The tested enzymes for the removing technique solved the problems caused by other traditional removing techniques of resistant old adhesives from museum textiles. The main fibers of the tested objects were cotton fibers dyed with some natural dyes. Thus, the fibers that were used in this study were cotton, dyed with Turmeric dye, madder dye mordanted with alum, CuSO4 or Ferric Citrate, as well as without mordant. Additionally, we studied the effect of the enzyme on the mechanical parameters of fibers (Tensile strength, Elongation, Crystallinity index), by FTIR, XRD and ASTM. Furthermore, the effect of enzymes on the morphology of the surface of the untreated and enzymatically treated dyed fabric was investigated by using SEM and Stereoscopy. The effect of enzymes as a function of enzyme concentration and time of treatment on the fabrics color parameters was extensively studied. There was no impact-destructive effect on cotton fibers after the enzyme treatment. Thus, we could conclude that the enzyme have a very slight effect on cotton fibers dyed with natural dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animal glue has been used to fix historical textiles on paper, wood panels, or other rigid support materials. It is often present in shrunk, cracked, rigid, and brittle form because of the aged condition artifacts and may not provide enough adhesion for effective support causing damage to historical textiles. The biotechnological application of enzymes seems to be a very promising approach in the restoration of historical objects. In this experimental work, undertaken with modern linen and silk fabrics, interesting results have been obtained for the removal of animal glue by using the protease enzyme from Aspergillus oryzae. An extensive study was done in the enzymatic activity and efficiency for the removal of the animal glue from the textiles, as well as the effects of this treatment on mechanical and optical parameters of the textile fibers. The effect of protease on fibers is measured by Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis, scanning electron microscope, the CIE-Lab values, ASTM method D5035, and XRD. The results showed that using protease in adhesive removal presented good results with a safe and a short treatment time when compared with the conventional methods. No significant changes on the linen and silk fabrics are observed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research shows the practical strategies which were chosen for maintenance and conservation of textiles discovered in Tuna el -Gebel excavations, Egypt. This process represents the first aid to these objects, hidden in tombs over thousands of years. Thus, the operations carried out are very important in detecting the state of conservation of these remains of human activity. They also aimed at reducing the damage caused by storage conditions through thousands of years. The challenge that conservators of historic textiles face in this case is the decrease of the available and necessary possibilities for conducting the process of restoration in the best way. On the other hand, leaving these textiles without a conservation process may double the causes of damage in the textiles leading eventually to their complete loss.. The process of restoration has been recorded step by step, from the historical records of textiles to the cleaning processes. Moreover, the choice of a new holder for displaying textile pieces in museum and their placement in it are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]