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Purpose The fetal membranes are essential for the maintenance of pregnancy, and their integrity until parturition is critical for both fetal and maternal health. Preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pPROM) is known to be an indicator of preterm birth, but the underlying architectural and mechanical changes that lead to fetal membrane failure are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to gain new insights into the anatomy of the fetal membrane and to establish a tissue processing and staining protocol suitable for future prospective cohort studies. Methods In this proof of principle study, we collected fetal membranes from women undergoing vaginal delivery or cesarean section. Small membrane sections were then fixed, stained for nucleic acids, actin, and collagen using fluorescent probes, and subsequently imaged in three dimensions using a spinning disk confocal microscope. Results Four fetal membranes of different types were successfully processed and imaged after establishing a suitable protocol. Cellular and nuclear outlines are clearly visible in all cases, especially in the uppermost membrane layer. Focal membrane (micro) fractures could be identified in several samples. Conclusion The presented method proves to be well suited to determine whether and how the occurrence of membrane (micro) fractures and cellular jamming correlate with the timing of membrane rupture and the mode of delivery. In future measurements, this method could be combined with mechanical probing techniques to compare optical and mechanical sample information.

The spatial organization of various cell types within the tissue microenvironment is a key element for the formation of physiological and pathological processes, including cancer and autoimmune diseases. Here, we present S3-CIMA, a weakly supervised convolutional neural network model that enables the detection of disease-specific microenvironment compositions from high-dimensional proteomic imaging data. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by determining cancer outcome- and cellular signaling-specific spatial cell state compositions in highly multiplexed fluorescence microscopy data of the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer. Moreover, we use S3-CIMA to identify disease onset-specific changes of the pancreatic tissue microenvironment in type 1 diabetes using imaging mass cytometry data. We evaluated S3-CIMA as a powerful tool to discover novel disease-associated spatial cellular interactions from currently available and future spatial biology datasets.

One of The main problem faced by rice farmers is the marketing of agricultural products. To overcome these problems, Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) form a marketing agency, namely 'Swadesa' with on-line (e-commerce) and off-line (shop) systems. This study aims to analyze the role of Swadesa marketing institutions in improving the income of rice farmers. This research used qualitative and quantitative approaches (mix method). The research was conducted in Panggungharjo Village, Sewon District, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta in March to October 2017. The results showed that this marketing agency could not run properly, so the purpose to increase farmer's income has not been achieved. Various obstacles that hinder the development of these marketing institutions, among others: lack of capital, lack of human resources (HR), low interest of farmers to sell crops, and digital iliteracy in rice farmers. Operational policies are needed in terms of increasing marketing agency access to capital sources; e-commerce utilization training; and more intensive socialization about the advantages of an on-line based marketing system.

The increasing number of divorces has been largely affected by technological developments, including social media, which are used in a way that may lead wives to commit nushuz behavior. This present study aimed at reconstructing the nushuz of the wife in the digital era, a concept commonly known as the wife leaving her house without the permission of the husband. As a normative study, the study applied the conceptual approach. The study collected data by using the documentation study or library research, and analyzed the data by reading, examining, linking, and interpreting the data, and then elaborated the data descriptively. The findings revealed that social media has been used as a platform to publicly show the women’s beauty, reveal their aurat (intimate parts), spread gossips, share infidelity behavior, and many others which violate the religious norms and the universal, collective, individual, local and traditional values as well. Ideally, all of these should be kept private at home, as the home itself is the place to protect anything within it. The elimination of politeness boundaries and rules of interaction between men and women as a consequence of activities on social media has made nushuz of the wife irrelevant to be interpreted simply as the wife leaving the house without the permission of the husband. The meaning of house in the physical sense and that of social media should be equal in the context of the household. Nushuz should be interpreted in a broader perspective following the increasing development of modern technologies.

Pertanian untuk pembangunan menjadi isu hangat sepanjang sejarah kehidupan manusia. Dalam tataran impelementasi kebijakan terutama di negara-negara berkembang sering terjadi kebijakan yang salah kelola sehingga pembangunan pertanian tidak berjalan seperti yang diharapkan. Kementerian Pertanian menetapkan 7 Gema Revitalisasi Pertanian dalam rangka mencapai empat target pembangunan pertanian, yaitu revitalisasi lahan, revitalisasi perbenihan dan perbibitan, revitalisasi sumber daya pertanian, revitalisasi pembiayaan, revitalisasi kelembagaan petani, dan revitalisasi di bidang teknologi dan industri hilir. Kinerja implementasi revitalisasi pertanian meskipun sudah menunjukkan kinerja yang cukup baik terutama dari peningkatan produksi pangan, namun masih menghadapi permasalahan-permasalahan pokok adalah baik teknis, ekonomi, maupun sosial kelembagaan. Kebijakan revitalisasi pertanian memerlukan penyempurnaan, baik dalam aspek teknis, kelembagaan pengelola, pelaku usaha, dukungan pendanaan, dan aspek sosial budaya, serta ekosistem pertanian. Harus ada konsistensi antara yang diformulasikan dalam rumusan kebijakannya dengan implementasinya di lapangan. Kesadaran dan tanggung jawab bersama dalam politik pangan, semangat nasionalisme, dan kebijakan yang berpihak kepada petani dan produksi dalam negeri hendaknya mewarnai seluruh kebijakan pembangunan pertanian.