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The widespread increase in flood hazards and the ensuing impacts have guided a change in approach to flood risk management, especially in developed countries. Based on the realization that the integration of non-structural approaches to flood mitigation, understanding the social dimensions of flood risk is an important aspect is needful. Due to changing rainfall patterns and the increased frequency of storm surges in urban development, flooding has become a significant risk in Malaysia’s Sarawak State. The most devastating flood event in Malaysian history was recorded in December January 2014,2015, which affected several properties worth millions of dollars and thousands of homes. Therefore, it is essential to address flood vulnerability by developing an integrated approach for modelling flood vulnerability to decrease the flood consequences. Many theories and frameworks present a solution, but no study theoretically develops a framework for flood vulnerable communities using a geographic information system (GIS) for disaster risk reduction in the Malaysian context. The focus of this study is to develop a novel framework for identifying the potential risks and assessing their effects on flood vulnerable communities, as well as to evaluate the role of GISs in risk assessment and overall performance improvement in Malaysian disaster risk reduction policies. To address this issue, we applied the new concept of geographic information capacity and capability, which is used to assess and quantify stakeholders’ ability to comprehend, access, and engage with geographic data for disaster risk reduction. This is a conceptual paper; systematic and content analysis has been done for the literature review. For future study, there is a need to empirically verification of this theoretical framework. The proposed methodology to achieve this framework, quantitative research methodology will be employed. The questionnaire will be distributed among Malaysian disaster agencies and floo

Lately, the dumping of electrical and electronic at the market caused by the old electric and electronic goods has become outdated and often thrown away without any awareness of the dangers or about the precious material at goods. Generally the life of electrical and electronic waste (e-waste) just ended in landfills only. These items can be categorized as a valuable commodity and also a dangerous thing if we do not take steps that we should do about this stuff. Valuable materials contained in these products can be recycled, such as copper, aluminum, gold, steel, plastic and many more. However, the dangerous elements contained in the e-waste are chromium, beryllium, lead, mercury and so on. This study is focusing on the investigation of recycling potential of e-waste through manual dismantling process and leaching test. The methods that can be used for leaching are internal chamber and hydrometallurgical methods. These methods are used to obtain a solution containing precious and hazardous metals from the PCB. The leaching test was conducted with constant stirring speed, constant water-sample ratio and variable method. The liquid residue was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). It was found that total time required to dismantle all parts in the waste motor is about 10 minutes and the part that required longest dismantling time was front cover. The metal elements that were observed are Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb and Cr. It was found that the pH of the solution increased with the increasing leaching time.

Pembangunan industri pembinaan kini, memerlukan kecekapan, produktif, kos yang kompetitif dan juga mesra alam. Justeru itu, pihak kerajaan menerusi Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan Malaysia (CIDB) dengan kerjasama pihak-pihak berkepentingan dalam industri pembinaan telah melaksanakan beberapa strategi diantaranya adalah pembangunan Program Transformasi Industri Pembinaan (CITP) 2016-2020. Salah satu teras utama CITP adalah menerusi kelestarian alam sekitar bagi mencapai pembinaan yang lestari. Bagi merealisasikan impian ini, setiap pihak dalam industri pembinaan perlulah sedar dan memahami konsep pengurusan sisa, pemulihan sumber dan teknologi hijau untuk mencapai kelestarian dalam industri pembinaan. Justeru itu, kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengenal pasti amalan pengurusan sisa binaan dan teknologi hijau ke atas kelestarian projek binaan di Malaysia serta cabaran dalam perlaksanaannya. Populasi kajian terdiri daripada pihak-pihak berkepentingan (pemaju, kontraktor, perunding dan pelanggan) dalam projek-projek pembinaan di sekitar Malaysia. Maklumat berkaitan pihak berkepentingan tersebut diperoleh daripada Persatuan Pemaju Hartanah dan Perumahan Malaysia (REHDA), Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan Malaysia (CIDB), Lembaga Arkitek Malaysia, Lembaga Juruukur Bahan Malaysia (LJBM) dan Lembaga Jurutera Malaysia. Borang soal selidik telah diedarkan melalui pos, e-mel dan secara terus semasa melawat beberapa syarikat responden. Kajian ini telah mendapat maklum balas sebanyak 101 responden daripada pemaju, kontraktor, perunding dan pelanggan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengurusan sisa dan teknologi hijau mempengaruhi kejayaan sesuatu projek. Akhirnya, hasil daripada kajian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan panduan kepada semua pihak yang terlibat dalam industri pembinaan bagi meningkatkan tahap pengurusan sisa dan teknologi hijau.

Lean is a set of operating philosophies and methods that can help patients create maximum value by reducing waste and waiting time. Longer waiting times are associated with increased levels of discomfort experienced by patients that may affect the patient’s mental health, leads to depression, anxiety disorder and psychological distress. The waiting time of clinic is considered one of the crucial aspects of patient satisfaction which is a key indicator of service delivery. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to implement lean techniques towards reducing waiting time at outpatient department in one of the public healthcare centres in Kedah. This study had collected the data for three days at the outpatient department by using qualitative method through interview and observation. Data was collected through a record phenomenon with instrument and observing the service time of patients in the process flow throughout the treatment period from the moment they arrived at the healthcare until treatment is provided and the patient leaves the outpatient department. Arena simulation software designed for data analysis was used to simulate the modeled process in the simulation software. The simulation system can help to produce more accurate decision for an efficient flow of the patient’s in and out of the treatment process and reduce the waiting time. The results showed the total average processing time for each patient through all the process had reduced by 7.21 minutes (15.20%) after the waste was eliminated and improvement process had been made. This can lead to an increase in the number of patients in and out in daily operation at the outpatient department.

Nowadays, manufacturing industries are rapidly developing. However the constraints faced by today's producers are how to produce their products quickly through low costs while at the same time, the reduction of waste disposal in the environment. The high waste of time in the manufacturing industry is often attributed to the wastage that occurred in the company’s operations. Lean manufacturing is linked for improving the standard working. It is one of the production strategies that drive the industry towards a more efficient production of goods and services. Meanwhile, green manufacturing has been adopted as a requirement to achieve a minimal negative impact on the environment. The green lean is a concept to make sure system more efficient, reduce unwanted product releases and minimize the environmental impact. So, the main objective of this research is to reduce cycle time in manufacturing company by adopting green lean elements. This research focuses on furniture manufacturing and conducted a structural interview question, observation and time study method. To refine those time operation problems, the company had implemented the new green lean practices into the operation department. The results after implement these methods totally show an improved progress. The paper would help the manufacturer to organize and improve their company performance. In conclusion, this research is about to identify and reduce the time waste to improve the operation value of the manufacturing company while at the same time it would reduce the environmental impact in future.

Many organizations use various organizational improvement initiatives such as ISO 9001, Total Quality Management (TQM) and Innovation Management as strategies to be competitive in their market segments. Despite the global acceptance of the TQM concept by manufacturing and service organizations, Iraqi manufacturing organizations are still at the primary stage of the TQM journey. This paper attempts to discuss the relationships between TQM implementation and organizational performance. It also argues the importance of innovation and ISO 9001 as mediators between the application of TQM and organizational results. The related literature was reviewed prior to the development of a framework which included TQM practice, ISO 9001, innovation and organizational performance. It is expected that ISO9001 and innovation would help the practice of TQM in enhancing organizational performance. Data collection and analysis will be performed to validate and/or refine the hypotheses raised in this paper.

Creativity relevant literature relevant is diverse in approaches. As a result, there has been a lack of cohesive theoretical understanding of how employee creativity operates and gets affected in organizations. The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework of employee creativity (EC) along with knowledge sharing (KS), organizational culture (OC), Motivation and towards employee creativity in manufacturing industry. The literature review demonstrates the importance of employee creativity in manufacturing industry. Ever increasing competitive environment requires more competent and creative workforce in manufacturing organizations. Critical issues in designing this framework is to facilitating the factors that contribute in employee creativity in manufacturing industries. The direction of current framework has been found from past literature. Anticipated outcomes from KS and OC in manufacturing industry include application of motivation as a mediator. A further empirical study will be carried out to examine the effect of the proposed framework and hypotheses. This paper provides a comprehensive framework that contributes the empirical evidence to the academicians, act as a platform to the manufacturing industry.