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Perusahaan Umum Badan Urusan Logistik Divisi Regional Sumatera Barat (Perum Bulog Divre Sumatera Barat) adalah perusahaan yang ditunjuk un- tuk mendistribusikan beras sejahtera ke berbagai daerah demi memenuhi kebutuhan pokok penduduk Sumatera Barat. Untuk meminimumkan biaya, dibutuhkan peren- canaan matang sehingga biaya distribusi yang dikeluarkan Perum menjadi optimal. Un- tuk menyelesaikan masalah transportasi pendistribusian kebutuhan pokok tersebut, di- gunakan Improved Vogels Approximation Method (IVAM). Selanjutya, uji optimalisasi biaya dilakukan dengan menggunakan Modified Distribution Method (MODI). Penelitian ini menghasilkan biaya distribusi adalah Rp 124.149.070 sedangkan biaya pengeluaran tanpa penggunaan metode dihasilkan sebesar Rp 126.259.188. Oleh karea itu, terdapat penghematan sebesar Rp 2.001.938.

Makalah ini mengkaji kestabilan titik tetap model SEIR penyebaran penyakit tuberkulosis pada populasi manusia. Ada dua titik titik tetap dari model SEIR, yaitu titik titik tetap bebas penyakit dan titik tetap endemik. Kestabilan kedua titik titik tetap ditentukan dengan menggunakan kriteria Routh-Hurwitz. Simulasi numerik memperlihatkan bahwa jumlah subpopulasi terekspose dan terinfeksi cenderung berkurang dengan berlalunya waktu.

The study aimed to explore the application of the NHT strategy in optimizing the learning of Arabic text listening skills and to describe students' responses to its use. A lack of practice in listening results in difficulties in interacting. These difficulties are also caused by students' lack of motivation and interest, as well as a lack of vocabulary and limited understanding of sentence structure. Therefore, an alternative is needed to minimize the problem. The strategy is called Numbered Head Together (NHT). This research employed a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and questionnaires. Questionnaire data was analysed using SPSS 25. The results of the study elucidated six steps in the application of the NHT strategy: a) material preparation; b) numbering, where the teacher formed groups and assigned each group member a number from 1-5; c) listening to the text, where students were asked to listen to the text either using audio-visuals or directly from the teacher; d) asking questions, where each question given by the teacher had an identification number; e) discussion process, where students were asked to discuss the given questions; f) submission of discussion results, where students with numbers matching the question number had the responsibility to answer the question. Students' responses to the NHT strategy, measured by indicators such as interest, involvement, and perceived impact, obtained a score of 1,505 out of a maximum of 1,725, with a percentage of 87.24% (very satisfying). This research provides practical implications for improving students' learning motivation and response. Its contributions include a better understanding of the effectiveness of this strategy and providing empirical evidence for teachers to develop more effective learning strategies.

Mathematics is a field of study needed in various aspects of life. Accordingly, mathematics should always be considered a compulsory subject at every level of education, including in Islamic Boarding Schools. The fact shows that implementing mathematics learning in several schools needs to run optimally, especially in schools lacking teachers and limited educational facilities and infrastructure, such as The Al Ashry Islamic Boarding School, at the secondary level in Padang. This condition indicates that it is necessary to assist other parties to help students in their mathematics learning process. For this reason, the community service team of The Mathematics and Science Data Department of Andalas University conducted an intensive mathematics tutoring activity for The Al-Asyri Boarding School students. The activity carried out during September-December 2022 combined the lecture and the small group discussion approach. From the evaluation delivered by the students at the end of the activity, it can be concluded that this activity increased students’ interest, motivation, efficacy, and understanding of mathematics subject.

Purpose: This study explored the perspectives of teachers on outcomes of service-learning participation in vocational training institutes. The main purpose was to gain a better understanding of outcomes concerning service-learning participation of vocational training institute students in Pakistan. Methodology: A total of 315 respondents participated in the study. Data were collected from 15 randomly selected vocational training institutes using a self-designed questionnaire which was drafted and validated after expert approval. The construct validation of the questionnaire was established through Exploratory Factor Analysis. Findings: The findings indicated that participation in service-learning resulted in increased course content knowledge, the development of interpersonal skills, and the development of a volunteering attitude among the vocational institute students. Significance: This study is one of the few studies related to academic outcomes of vocational education students as a result of service-learning participation. The results facilitate understanding of the pedagogical role of service-learning as a practical teaching approach, and would be of particular interest to employers who are looking for skilled manpower in the current job market.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) also known as post infectious encephalomyelitis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that typically presents as a monophasic disorder associated with multifocal neurological symptoms and disability. It may follow vaccination in children or infection. Viral infection like measles, rubella, influenza, Epstein bar, HIV, herpes, cytomegalusvirus (CMV) and West Nile virus have been implicated in the causation. Among bacteria, group A hemolytic streptococcus, mycoplasma pneumonia, Chlamydia, Rickettesia and leptospira have been shown to cause ADEM. There are few reports of ADEM due to tuberculosis (TB). We describe acute disseminated encephalomyelitis due to tuberculosis in a 35 year old female who initially started with neuropsychiatric manifestations and later developed florid neurological deficit and classical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions suggestive of the disease. The patient recovered completely after antitubercular therapy and is following our clinic for the last 12 months now.