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Golongan yang tidak divaksin tidak dikenakan apa-apa tindakan undang-undang di bawah Akta Pencegahan dan Kawalan Penyakit Berjangkit 1988 mahupun undang-undang bertulis yang lain. Pada asasnya, setiap orang mempunyai hak membuat sesuatu keputusan terhadap diri masing-masing. Begitu juga dengan hak individu sama ada memilih untuk divaksin atau tidak. Sebagai rakyat, kita terikat dengan undang-undang di negara itu dan menjadi satu obligasi untuk melaksanakannya. Namun begitu, pilihan untuk tidak divaksin ini akan menyebabkan pelbagai sekatan dikenakan terhadap golongan tersebut. Sekatan ini dibuat menurut undang-undang adalah untuk kepentingan awam bagi menjaga kemaslahatan umum. Oleh sebab itu, golongan ini berpendapat bahawa layanan yang diperolehnya tidak sama seperti yang diperoleh oleh individu yang divaksin. Perlu diketahui, undang-undang di Malaysia tidak terhad kepada teori “naturalis” yang mementingkan moraliti sahaja, tetapi juga bersifat positif, iaitu mementingkan kepatuhan undang-undang yang digubal walaupun terdapat unsur ketidakadilan kepada sebahagian pihak. Makalah ini akan menjawab persoalan, sama ada sekatan terhadap aktiviti sosial dan pergerakan individu yang tidak divaksin ini wajar dilakukan atau tidak berdasarkan teori keadilan. Makalah ini ditulis berasaskan kajian kualitatif, iaitu menganalisis prinsip keadilan dalam sekatan hak terhadap golongan yang tidak divaksin menurut pandangan tokoh jurisprudens secara kritis. Berdasarkan dapatan yang diperoleh, sekatan hak terhadap golongan yang tidak divaksin wajar dilakukan. Oleh sebab itu, kajian ini penting untuk menerangkan bahawa diskriminasi terhadap golongan yang tidak divaksin ialah suatu perkara yang adil.

Kanak-kanak merupakan modal insan yang signifikan terhadap sesebuah negara. Oleh hal yang demikian, perlindungan terhadap kanak-kanak daripada pengabaian, penderaan, keganasan dan eksploitasi adalah satu aspek penting dan perlu diberi keutamaan. Malaysia telah digemparkan dengan kes-kes penderaan yang telah berlaku dalam sesebuah institusi kekeluargaan dan sehingga suku tahun pertama 2021, sebanyak 2,040 kes penderaan telah direkodkan dilaporkan. Terdapat empat keadaan penderaan yang berlaku terhadap kanak-kanak iaitu penderaan fizikal, pengabaian, seksual dan emosi. Berbeza dengan penderaan yang boleh dilihat kesannya secara pandangan mata kasar, penderaan emosi ini dilihat seakan-akan tidak diambil berat oleh setiap masyarakat. Objektif penulisan ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti sejauh manakah penderaan emosi terhadap kanak-kanak berlaku. Objektif kedua adalah untuk menganalisis statistik kes-kes yang menyentuh isu penderaan emosi kanak-kanak. Penulisan ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan menyoroti literatur dari dalam dan luar negara berpandukan sumber primer dan sekunder yang membincangkan isu penderaan terhadap kanak-kanak. Hasil dapatan daripada penulisan ini menunjukkan wujud peningkatan kes penderaan secara umum serta khusus kepada penderaan emosi terhadap kanak-kanak dari selain wujud keperluan agar penguatkuasaan undang-undang diperketatkan agar masalah penderaan emosi kanak-kanak dapat dibendung. Kesimpulannya, hasil daripada penulisan ini akan memberikan pendedahan tentang bagaimana statistik kes-kes penderaan kanak-kanak berfungsi sebagai kayu ukur agar pihak kerajaan, penguatkuasa dan masyarakatnya dapat membendung masalah penderaan kanak-kanak daripada terus meningkat terutamanya dalam konteks penderaan emosi semasa pandemik COVID-19. Selanjutnya, penguatkuasaan undang-undang perlu diperketatkan dengan berkesan dan holistik.

Islamic obligatory cleansing known as sertu in Malay language is one of the essential elements to ensure the halal integrity of products including in pharmaceuticals [1], [2]. It is an islamic cleansing required to be conducted when tools and equipment in the production facility are contaminated with severe najs (Naj Mughallazah) which are of pork or dog-based contaminant. Islamic law has prescribed the way to cleanse Naj Mughallazah by using one time of clay and clean water suspension followed by six times of rinsing with pure water (mutlaq) [3]. The study on the implementation of sertu cleansing especially in halal pharmaceutical industry is very limited if any [4]. Hence this study was conducted to explore the process, issues, and challenges as well as to discover the success factors in the implementation of sertu cleansing in pharmaceutical facilities from the perspective of sertu providers. This study used the qualitative in-depth interview and purposive sampling technique where participants were selected among sertu providers who have the experience of conducting sertu cleansing in pharmaceutical facilities. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and validated through triangulation with data from a few sources.

The politics of state in Johore was in turmoil when the Menteri Besar of Johor acted to hand over the dissolution letter of the Johore State Legislative Assembly (DUN) to His Majesty the Sultan of Johore who obtained His Majesty's consent on 22 January 2022 to hold a new DUN election to create a stable State Government. The election held on March 12, 2022, was considered controversial because it was held in the midst of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic which had not yet recovered well, and the economic situation of the people did not allow. However, this election can be used as a yardstick for the performance of political parties towards the next 15th General Election (GE-15) in addition to being the first election involving 18 years old voters. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to analyze the geopolitics of Johore and the performance of political parties in the Johore state General Election 2022. Based on the analysis of Johore DUN 2022 GE results data, field observations and analysis of secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers, the findings show that Barisan Nasional (BN) managed to win the election with an impressive number of DUN seats, but Perikatan Nasional (PN) also posed a great challenge especially in Malay majority areas while Pakatan Harapan (PH) continues to dominate Chinese majority urban areas. Other political parties are simply fulfilling the demands of democracy and enlivening the atmosphere of the election campaign. The election also saw the total turnout drop to just 54.92 percent. Therefore, this election has not been able to be used as an indicator of voter support in the GE-15 because of the low turnout as well as big issues that can appear suddenly in the GE-15.

Pretreatment routes of oil palm biomass.

Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a solution for environmental and climate change issues in the tropics. The OTEC potential in Malaysia using ocean conditions and bathymetry data has been previously studied and demonstrated. Following this, it is vital to perform a basic performance analysis of a 10 MW Rankine Cycle OTEC plant using the Malaysian ocean conditions. In this paper, the results of heat and mass balance will be reported for a 10 MW Rankine cycle OTEC plant which uses heat exchangers of plate-type and anhydrous ammonia as its working fluid. The value of a minimum objective function (γ) is derived by total heat surface area (AT) divided by the net power (PN). γ decreases when the inlet temperature difference (inlet temperature of warm seawater (TWSWI)—inlet temperature of cold seawater (TCSWI)) increases. PN is clarified to be approximately 70–80% of the PG (gross power) using Malaysian ocean conditions.

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is one of the myeloproliferative neoplasms, characterized by persistent thrombocytosis, platelets >450,000/μL, and evident clonal abnormalities like JAK2 V617F, MPL, CALR mutation and not fulfilling WHO criteria for MDS, CML, PV, and IDA. Here we report a 24-year-old female who presented with headache and was found to have thrombocytosis with a platelet count of 2,141 × 103/μL, diagnosed as ET as per WHO criteria 2008; she required ICU admission and thrombocytapheresis with a favorable outcome.

Since the end of 2019, COVID-19 has been a challenge for the world, and it is expected that the world must take precautionary steps to tackle the virus spreading prior produces an efficient vaccine. Currently, most government efforts seek to avoid disseminating the coronavirus and forecast probable hot areas. The most susceptible to coronaviral infection are the healthcare staff due to their daily contact with potential patients. This article proposes a COVID-19 real-time system for tracking and identifying the suspected cases using an Internet of Things platform for capturing user symptoms and notify the authority. The proposed framework addressed four main components: (1) real-time symptom data collection via thermal scanning algorithm, (2) facial recognition algorithm, (3) a data analysis that uses artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, and (4) a cloud infrastructure. A monitoring experiment was conducted to test three different ages, kid, middle, and older, considering the scanning distance influence compared with contact wearable sensors. The results show that 99.9% accuracy was achieved within a (500 ± 5) cm distance, and this accuracy tends to decrease as the distance the camera scanning and objects increased. The results also revealed that the scanning system's accuracy had been slightly changed as the environmental temperature dropped lower than 27 °C. Based on the high-temperature presence's simulated environment, the system demonstrated an effective and instant response via sending email and MQTT message to the person in charge of providing accurate identification of potential cases of COVID-19.

The latest COVID-19 pandemic outbreak posed a significant risk to millions of people worldwide who are safe and well-being. As the environment continues to be open from lockdowns and becomes unprecedentedly tenuous or what many called a “new norm,” it makes sense to focus on what the society has experienced, re-examine our fundamental beliefs, and map the path of designing and creating a sustainable world. This article has summarized the latest technologies that have been recently implemented to control the spreading of COVID-19 through embedded smart monitoring systems and communicate effectively with the building management infrastructure. This article also discussed the statistical research analysis, which motivates the achievement of the targeted sustainable development goals (SDGs). Last but not least, the implemented technologies and their related variables to be controlled, challenges, and new perspectives were also addressed.

Muslim-Friendly Railway Services (MFRS) is a service that accommodates Muslims’ needs during travel. There are two basic needs of Muslims during travel, which are halal food and place for prayers. Therefore, it is important for MFRS to fulfil these two requirements. Besides halal food, beverage and Muslim prayer facility (musolla), other elements that can be included in MFRS are prayer time, Ka‘abah direction (qiblah), ablution capability (wudhu’), availability of prayer rug or mat, female prayer apparel, a copy of the Al-Quran, supplication guide (du‘a), segregation of gender and appropriate entertainment are discussed below. Qualitative research has been used in this study, consisting of data obtained through library research and semi-structured interviews. This paper attempts to study the concept of implementing MFRS in the Electric Train Service (ETS) by Malaysian Railways (KTMB). This study also deliberates on the challenges faced by ETS operation upon implementing the MFRS which are high cost for implementation, negative perception among non-Muslim passengers and the acceptance and implementation of the MFRS in Malaysia might be complicated. This study found that more awareness and knowledge on the MFRS should be increased and disseminated among ETS consumers and railway industry players to enhance transportation services according to Shariah principles. Perhaps this study could help to develop tourism sector in Malaysia thus increase the country’s income by attracting many tourists from outside and open many job opportunities.