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In vitro medium-term storage using the alginate-encapsulation technique is essential for conserving plant genetic resources, preserving vegetatively propagated species by controlling the growth and development of explants, and maintaining plant biodiversity. The study aimed to obtain the optimum combination medium for the encapsulation of bananas and evaluate the viability of the alginate-encapsulated explants after storage. In vitro, medium- term storage of nodule-like meristem of banana cultivar ‘Barangan’ was performed using sodium alginate, paclobutrazol (PBZ), and Murashige and Skoog (MS) salt. This research consists of 3 stages: (1) Initiation and multiplication of in vitro shoots and nodule-like meristems; (2) In vitro medium-term storage of banana by encapsulation technique; (3) Regeneration of nodule-like meristem explants after in vitro storage. This research showed that the banana's number of nodule-like meristem was optimum on media supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) 0.22 mgL-1 and indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) 1.75 mgL-1. Encapsulation explant of nodules-like meristems using 3% sodium alginate in full and half-strength MS salt medium supplemented with PBZ 2.5 mgL-1 and incubated in liquid MS medium was able to store nodule-like meristem for six months. The color of the explants remains green, and the capsule is not damaged. Sub-culture of nodule-like meristem after storage in MS salt medium containing TDZ 0.22 mgL-1 and IAA 1.75 mgL-1 showed that nodules-like meristems could regenerate to form new shoots and nodule-like meristem three months after sub-cultured. This research concludes that encapsulated nodule-like meristem was recorded until six months of storage. PBZ was a necessary retardant in minimizing the growth during storage.

Based on the results of the pre-survey that the author did, the problem of this study is that there are still many students who have not completed in the subjects Biology students grade VII Even Semester SMP ISLAM YPI 3 Way Jepara Year 2017/2018. The purpose of this study is to know the influence of learning the influence of Process Skills Approach and Learning Motivation on student learning activities and outcomes While the hypothesis that the author proposes is "There is a positive influence of learning the influence of Process. This research was conducted on 32 students of grade VII. An SMP ISLAM YPI 3 Way Jepara as a sample, which was determined by Cluster Random Sampling. This research is experimental. This research data is collected using observation methods, questionnaires, documentation, experiments, and test methods. To know about the validity and reliability instrument used the product-moment formula and to test the hypothesis used two-way ANOVA formula with a significant level of 5%. Based on the results of the study, the hypothesis is acceptable because t-count = 3.40 greater than the t-table = 1.70 and 2.46. Thus shows that learning skills Process and Motivation Learning has a positive influence on the activities and results of learning Biology students grade VII SMP ISLAM YPI 3 Way Jepara lesson year 2017/2018. Kata kunci: Aktivitas Belajar, Hasil Belajar, Motivasi Belajar, Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses.

Macrobenthos are organisms that live on the bottom of the water and are filtered by a sieve measuring 1.0 x 1.0 millimeter which in adult growth is 3-5 millimeters. So far, there has been no research on Physico-chemical conditions and the distribution of macrozoobenthos in Asam Suoh Lake. Based on this, it is necessary to analyze the Physico-chemical conditions and distribution of macrozoobenthos in Asam Suoh Lake. The type of research in this article is descriptive qualitative. The object of research is macrozoobenthos as a biological Indikator. Temperature, depth. Macrozoobenthos in this acid lake does not have high diversity, this is because the pH, temperature, and brightness are not by the proper environment, even though DO, BOD, and COD are by the water quality assessment. Based on the results of the EPT and Biotilik assessment also showed that the lake is also heavily polluted so that it will reduce the diversity of existing macrozoobenthos. Kata kunci: Danau Asam Suoh, Indikator biologi, Biotilik,BOD, Macrozoobenthos.

Knowledge of the health of banana trees is critical for farmers in order to profit from banana cultivation. Fusarium wilt and banana blood disease (BBD), two significant diseases that infect banana trees, are caused by Fusarium oxysporum and Ralstonia syzygii, respectively. They have caused a decline in crop yield, as they destroy trees, starting sequentially from the pseudostem to the fruit. The entire distribution of BBD and fusarium on a plantation can be understood using advanced geospatial information obtained from multispectral aerial photographs taken using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and a reliable data field for infected trees. Vegetation and soil indices derived from multispectral aerial photographs, such as the normalized difference vegetation index, the modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index, the normalized difference water index (NDWI), and soil pH, may have to be relied upon to explain the precise location of these two diseases. This study used a random forest algorithm to handle a large dataset consisting of multispectral and spectral models. The results show that the soil indices, soil pH, and NDWI are the most important variables for predicting the spatial distribution of these two diseases. Simultaneously, the plantation area affected by BBD is more extensive than that affected by fusarium if variations in planted banana cultivars are not considered.

Pineapple Liquid Waste Fertilizer (LCN) is a biological fertilizer derived from the main ingredient of pineapple liquid waste which is bioremediation with the help of indigenous bacteria in degrading organic matter. This study was to determine and see that LCN indigenous bacteria could not inhibit the growth of soil bacteria or indigenous bacteria could inhibit the growth of soil bacteria. This type of research is qualitative experimental research. the object under study to see whether or not there is a clear zone or zone of inhibition between two intersecting isolates. If there is an isolate it is said to be compatible, it means that there is no inhibition zone in the area where the two isolates meet, and it is said to be incompatible if there is an inhibition zone in the area where the two isolates meet. The isolates used in the antagonistic or competitiveness test were 15 isolates of LCN indigen bacteria and 6 isolates of soil bacteria in the Karang Rejo experimental garden, Metro Utara so that the combinations of challenged and challenged isolates were all 90 bacterial combinations. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is no antagonism between 15 pineapple liquid waste indigen bacteria (LCN) and soil bacteria in the Karang Rejo Metro Utara experimental garden. Kata kunci: Bakteri Tanah, Uji Antagonis, pupuk Limbah Cair Nanas (LCN)

The research about the mixture of moringa leaf flour and rice bran on the growth of orgainic chicken on Joper chicken. var as a source of learning biology aims to determine the effect of feed from the mixture of moringa leaf flour (Moringa oleifera L) and rice bran on the growth of organic chickens (Gallus-gallus domesticus L. Joper chicken. var), then to find out certain variations of the mixture of moringa leaf flour (Moringa oleifera L) and rice bran which gives the best influence and to make posters that are used as a source of high school biology learning. The method used is a completely randomized design (CRD), experiments conducted with 3 treatments and 1 control. Control (0% moringa leaf flour), P1 (2.5% moringa leaf flour), P2 (5% moringa leaf flour) and P3 (7.5% moringa leaf flour). The parameters observed were weight, length, and diameter of the joper body.The results of the study were tested using a non-parametric statistical test or commonly called the kruskal wallis test. Kruskal wallis test results on chicken weight obtained X2value 4.09

Pisang Kepok (Musa spp. [ABB ’Saba’ subgroup]) has several unique characteristics, such as tolerance to drought and Fusarium Foc (TR4) disease. Currently, the genetic diversity of Pisang Kepok in Indonesia is not well identified, although it is widely cultivated. Information on genetic diversity is essential for developing breeding strategies to achieve efficient cultivar improvement in the future. Aims of this research were to analyze the genetic variation of Pisang Kepok from some islands in Indonesia and to determine the genetic relationship between Pisang Kepok and other accessions banana cultivars based on ITS2 region, as a basis for future research in improving banana quality through molecular breeding. We have conducted the multiple sequence alignment and built the phylogenetic tree analysis using the Bayesian Inference Phylogeny method of one million generations (ngen = 1,000,000). The ITS2 region showed two clade ingroups: first clade consists of banana with B genome (balbisiana), while the second clade consists of banana with only A genome (acuminata). In general, all accessions of Pisang Kepok cultivars were clustered in the B genome of bananas cultivars. In addition, the ITS2 sequences and secondary structures among Pisang Kepok from various regions are identical, suggesting that there was no genetic variation in the ITS2 region of Pisang Kepok from multiple areas in Indonesia.

Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah (Balitbu) Tropika telah melepas tiga varietas unggul baru (VUB) pisang dengan keunggulan masing-masing. Dalam menunjang keberhasilan pengembangan varietas unggul baru tersebut perlu diketahui informasi tentang ketahanannya terhadap beberapa Vegetative Compatibility Groups (VCGs) Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menentukan ketahanan tiga VUB pisang terhadap beberapa VCGs Foc di rumah kasa. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium proteksi tumbuhan dan rumah kasa Balitbu Tropika di Solok, dari bulan September 2016 sampai bulan Desember 2017. Rancangan yang digunakan ialah acak kelompok 21 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas 10 tanaman. Sebanyak 3 VUB pisang (Ketan 01, Kepok Tanjung dan Raja Kinalun) masing-masing diinokulasi dengan 7 VCGs Foc: yaitu VCG 0120/15, 0123, 0124/5, 0126, 01218, 01213/16 dan 01219. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga VUB pisang menunjukkan respons ketahanan yang bervariasi terhadap isolat Foc dari berbagai VCGs dalam ras 1 dan ras 4. Ketahanan dipengaruhi oleh kompatibilitas masing-masing VCGs dari isolat Foc dengan varietas pisang. Varietas Ketan 01 (AA) mempunyai respons agak tahan dan tahan terhadap semua VCGs Foc yang diuji kecuali dengan VCG 0124/5 (ras 1) dan VCG 01213/16 (ras 4 tropis). Kepok Tanjung (ABB/BBB) rentan dan sangat rentan terhadap semua VCGs Foc, Raja Kinalun (ABB) memberikan respons tahan dan sangat tahan terhadap semua isolat VCGs Foc kecuali dengan isolat Foc VCG 0124/5 (ras 1) responsnya sangat rentan. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai informasi awal pengembangan varietas unggul baru pisang di Indonesia.

The papaya plant has three types of flowering, male flowers, female flowers, and perfect flower (hermaphrodite). The difference in interest affects the shape of the resulting fruit. This study aimed to characterize morphology and cytology of papaya flowers. The study was conducted in Tropical Fruit Research Institute at Solok and Laboratory of SPT at the Biology Department of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra. The research material uses papaya flowers Merah Delima variety from KP. Aripan Balitbu Troipka. The results showed the male flowers of male plants were smaller than the male flowers of the perfect plant. The difference of hermaphrodite flower of pentandria with hermaphrodite elongata flower, among others, the number of stamens, the length of the stem and the size of the ovary. Hermaphrodite pentandria has a number of stamens 5 while elongata has stamens 10

Tongka Langit or Fe’i banana (Musa troglodytarum L.) has the T genome and a very high content of beta-carotene. It only grew and spread around the regions of Maluku islands and Papua. However, recently our team found this banana on the foot of mount Galunggung, West Java, so this raised the question about its origin. The objective of this study was to understand the genetic relationship between Tongka Langit from Galunggung and Maluku islands and compared it with other bananas with different genomes. Genetic diversity analysis was done using ITS2 DNA marker and dendrogram analysis showed three groups. From the comparison of the ITS2 sequences, there were no difference (100% identity) between the ITS2 sequence of Tongka Langit originating from Galunggung and Maluku. In conclusion, based on the ITS2 marker, the Tongka Langit were more distantly related to cultivars with A and B genomes, and there was no difference in the ITS2 sequence of Tongka Langit originating from Galunggung and Maluku. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous report of genetic relationship between Tongka Langit from Galunggung and other regions.

The study of banana herbs and fruits is rarely conducted using multidisciplinary approaches. However, a multidisciplinary approach could be useful for gaining information on many aspects, including remote sensing, biodiversity and biogeography, owing to the uniqueness of bananas. The present article reviews a study on banana herbs from an Indonesian perspective. It starts by obtaining information related to firmness, peel’s colour change, water content and sugar content corresponding to Brix and Starch values. It then proceeds to find the relation between remote sensing (RS) technologies of all these biophysical characteristics and genomics, transcriptomic and metabolomics. Besides this, geospatial sciences, such as geographic information systems (GIS), may help visualise biogeographical factors that help analyse a land’s suitability for growing bananas. Furthermore, the plant canopy, health and plant disease, and the herbs’ water content, analysed through satellite images and aerial photos of drones, helps describe the banana distribution in Indonesia, at both the local and regional levels. Similar techniques may be applied to explore and analyse the characteristics of the fruit. In the end, the integration of these methods can foster advanced studies on bananas, even making it possible for its scope to extend to industries, food technology, post-harvest, and eco-tourism.

Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menerapkan konsep produksi ramping (lean manufacturing) pada proses pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit sehingga pemborosan yang terjadi dapat diidentifikasi serta diminimasi. Identifikasi pemborosan dilakukan melalui pengamatan dan kuesioner. Hasil identifikasi dengan menggunakan kuesioner digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menentukan alat pemetaan VALSAT yang sesuai untuk digunakan dalam analisis. Identifikasi pemborosan dengan kuesioner menunjukkan bahwa stasiun yang banyak menghasilkan pemborosan adalah loading ramp dan sterilizer. Berdasarkan konsep produksi ramping, pemborosan pada pengolahan CPO berdasarkan urutan tertinggi adalah ini adalah aktivitas menunggu, diikuti oleh transportasi dan gerakan berlebih, proses yang tidak diinginkan dan kecacatan bahan baku. Berdasarkan Value Stream Mapping (VSM) kondisi saat ini diketahui bahwa total waktu pengolahan CPO adalah 32700 detik serta efisiensi pengolahan CPO sebesar 30,7%. Kapasitas pengolahan sebesar 40 ton TBS/jam dan operator berjumlah sebanyak 26 operator. Rancangan perbaikan yang diusulkan dapat menurunkan total waktu produksi menjadi 23472 detik sekaligus memperbaiki efisiensi pengolahan menjadi 35,6% dengan kapasitas olah menjadi 55 ton TBS/jam dan dengan pengurangan operator hingga 5 orang. The objective of this research is to implement the concept of lean manufacturing in the oil palm fruit processing, so the wastes that commonly occur can be identified and minimized. The identification method of wastes is done through the observations and questionnaires. The result of identification by questionnaires was applied to determine the appropriate VALSAT mapping tool used in analysis. Identification of waste by using questionnaires shows that the wasteful stations are loading ramp and sterilizer. Based on lean concept, the overall wastes occured in CPO processing are waiting with an highest average score,and then followed by excessive transportation and movements, unexpected processing and defects of the raw material. Based on Value Stream Mapping (VSM) of the current condition is known,that the total processing time of CPO is 32700 second with processing efficiency equal to 30,7%.The capacity is 40 tons of fresh fruit bunches per hour with 26 operators. The proposed improvement plan can reduce the total production time up to 23472 seconds while increasing processing efficiency to 35.6% with capacity to 55 tons of fresh fruit bunches per hour and with operator reduction up to 5 people.

West Lampung Regency is a regency in Lampung Province with the main livelihood of its people as farmers. West Lampung regency has plantation area of 65,211.8 Ha with three superior commodities namely robusta coffee, pepper and cocoa. Nationally, coffee, pepper and cocoa commodities are also national commodities whose production increase will be prioritized for the purpose of foreign exchange earnings / exports. Srimenanti village is one of the villages in the subdistrict of Air Hitam, with land area for settlements, plantations, and rice fields. The selection of Desa Sri Menanti because this village has potential for plantation and has potential for the development of plantation products in order to increase the capacity and economy of the community, but also the community is warm to receive renewal in terms of environmentally friendly technology. Increased farmers' income, especially coffee cultivators do not seem to be able to improve welfare. This is because coffee farmers just sell their products to distributors. Strategic efforts of all stakeholders are needed to increase the income of existing coffee farmers and develop enough in Lampung. The prospect of plantation commodity is very big, processed into canned food such as organic coffee powder, organic coffee powder with additional fruit flavor, durian, stroberry and others, various processed banana chips, jam etc. Products from vegetables such as dodol squash, tomato dodol. This is so that all existing potentials can be managed to the maximum and boost the economy and progress of this village.

The nutritional quality of yardlong beans is determined from the environment in which the food is grown. The contaminated environmental conditions will affect the nutritional quality of yardlong beans. Food processing before consumption is expected to reduce the impact of heavy metal accumulation on yardlong beans. The purpose of this study was to find out the appropriate method of food processing to reduce heavy metal content but still maintain the nutritional value of yardlong beans which is grown in potentially polluted environments. The research method was experiment with processed the yardlong beans that have been washed 3 times by steaming (BW3), boiled (CW3) and pan-fried (DW3) compared to washed food 3 times without being processed (AW3). Based on the results of the research that steaming method is the best method because it can reduce the heavy metal content but can still maintain the levels of vitamin A, protein and vitamin C in yardlong beans. Kata kunci: pengolahan makanan, logam berat, kualitas gizi, kacang panjang.

The growth of the Wastes from Electric and Electronic Equipments (WEEEs) or e-waste is presently considered to be one of the rapid increasing wastes streams in the large city of Indonesia. Concurrently, the urban mining activities for e-waste by informal sectors have potential on the economic, social and environment dimension. The three dimensions form a triple bottom line that supports the principles of sustainability in the manufacturing. In this research, the observation in some remote areas in Padang is conducted to find out the model of e-waste collection system activities from the household and its economic potential, especially for refrigerators e-waste. The result shows that minimaly there are three models of the e-waste collecting system for refrigerator e-wastes. The model involves all the parties in urban mining activities such as e-waste collectorsfrom household, repair shops, collectors who continue the re-assembly and classify the e-waste and final collectors who did the cleaning, crushing, packing and transporting e-waste to another city to do the recycling process. In this e-waste collecting model the components of refrigerator e-waste could be reused, remanufactured and recycled. From the reassembly of therefrigerators it is obtained the material composition of 58.1% iron, 26.3% plastic,10.9% styrofoam 10.9%, 2.1% aluminum, 1.8% copper pipe, and 0.8% others. The highest cumulative retained value is obtained from this collecting system ranged between IDR 230.200 to 355.200, where some second-hand components may still be inreuse and remanufacture. This price is equivalent to 14.9% to 22.1% the purchase price of a new refrigerator.

Cloud Manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing model which provides services by utilizing a shared resource pool such as computers, servers, networking, Internet and application softwares. The term Cloud Manufacturing in the engineering literature is still fairly new. it comes from the term Cloud Computing which is earlier known as Internet services on demand. Here includes Software as a Service (SaaS) along with infrastructure, platform and other delieveries as a service. First introduced by F. Tao in 2011, Cloud Manufacturing combines the latest technologies such as cloud computing, internet of thing, manufacturing object virtualizations and service-oriented computing services. The advanced manufacturing service models related to this terminology will be described as literatur reviews in this paper. At the end of this paper was given a case study of the application of the Cloud Manufacturing for designing a web-based production facilities layout as a cloud software as a service for the users. Keywords: Cloud Manufacturing, layout, production facilities, web-based Abstrak Cloud Manufacturing dapat dikatakan sebagai sebuah model manufaktur yang berorientasikan pada penyediaan jasa dengan memanfaatkan sebuah resource pool yang dipakai secara bersama seperti komputer, server, jejaringan, internet dan perangkat lunak aplikasi. Istilah Cloud Manufacturing berasal dari istilah Cloud Computing yang lebih dahulu terkenal, sebagai suatu layanan perangkat lunak bagi pengguna (Software as a Service/ SaaS) dan perangkat keras yang memungkinkan penyediaan layanan tersebut. Istilah Cloud Manufacturing dalam berbagai literatur keteknikan terbilang masih baru. Pertama dicetuskan oleh F. Tao di tahun 2011, cloud manufacturing mengkombinasikan berbagai teknologi terkini seperti cloud computing, internet of thing, virtualisasi obyek manufaktur dan teknologi komputasi berorientasi pada pelayanan jasa. Perjalanan model manufaktur ini hingga literatur terakhir yang terkait akan dijelaskan pada tulisan ini. Pada bagian akhir dari tulisan ini diberikan sebuah gambaran studi kasus penerapan Cloud Manufacturing pada layanan untuk perencanaan fasilitas produksi berbasis Web, terutama untuk rancangan tataletak produksi, sebagai suatu layanan cloud perangkat lunak bagi pengguna. Kata kunci: Cloud Manufacturing, tataletak, fasilitas produksi, berbasis Web

Persaingan bisnis global yang semakin ketat telah menyebabkan terjadinya pergeseran paradigma bisnis dari product-oriented menjadi penyediaan solusi yang memuaskan kebutuhan konsumen. Hal ini telah mendorong kemunculan konsep Product-Service Systems (PSS). Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas hubungan antara konsep desain dan PSS berdasarkan literatur yang tersedia. Berdasarkan kajian yang dilakukan terhadap berbagai literatur tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa PSS merupakan konsep yang diyakini sebagai jalan menuju sustainability melalui integrasi antara produk dan jasa dalam penyediaan solusi yang memenuhi kebutuhan spesifik konsumen. Proses desain PSS perlu memperhatikan kebutuhan konsumen dan stakeholder yang terkait melalui penggunaan metode dan pendekatan yang mampu mengintegrasikan pengembangan produk dan jasa dalam perspektif waktu yang sama.Evaluasi untuk mendukung keberhasilan implementasi PSS dapat dilakukan berdasarkan aspek sustainability, life cycle cost maupun berdasarkan perspektif konsumen dan penyedia. Keywords: Product-Service Systems, sustainability, desain, evaluasi, perbaikan

Banana (Musa spp.) is one the most important agriculture commodities in Indonesia. Archeological and molecular evidences suggest that speciation of this herb occurred in Indonesia, leading to the high diversity in the archipelago. In Bali Island, banana is not only sought for food but as well as for their symbolic role in religious and cultural ceremonies. However, the high demand for bananas in Bali is not yet supported by the adequate production of local farms. This presented study aimed to investigate the diversity of banana cultivars or sub-species in Bali and its usefulness to determine preferable cultivars to cultivate. We recorded and characterized 43 banana cultivars in 10 villages that represent the 8 regencies and 1 city of Bali province. Out of the 43 cultivars, 7 were highly used and at least one cultivar was discovered in each of the studied village. The presence of these cultivars in the study areas were confirmed by site visit and characterization of the fruits. Among the highly ranked cultivars or species, only biu kayu is unique to Bali as it was not found in the closest provinces of East Java and Madura. Hence, the results suggested that to improve the cultivation and production of these 7 highly used cultivars could be an appropriate solution to meet Bali demand of bananas. Furthermore, cultivating biu kayu would also help conservation effort since this cultivar is also currently listed as a rare genetic resource.

Jackfruit (Artocarpusheterophyllus), is well known in Indonesia, when the fruit is ripe jackfruit can be consumed. After we consume jackfruit, we'll leave the trash in the form of jackfruit seed, which has not been used by the community to the fullest. The purpose of this study are trying to explore another potential of jackfruit seeds and increasing the protein content of jackfruit seeds by processing in to tempeh. Another purpose is knowing the number yeast of doses that can produce in tempeh of jackfruit seeds. This research uses 4 treatments (A: 0.25 grams yeast/50 grams jackfruit seed, B: 0.50 grams yeast/50 grams jackfruit seeds, C: 0.75 gram yeast/50 grams jackfruit seeds, and D: 1 grams yeast/50 grams of jackfruit seeds) with 4 repetitions. Test protein content tests conducted at the Laboratory of Food Technology and Agricultural Faculty of Agricultural Technology, GadjahMada University (UGM). Treatment A produced protein average of 2,64%, B produced protein average of 3,429%, treatment C produced protein average of 4,146% and treatment D produced protein average of 5,635% protein. The highest protein content is produced by treatment D. Keywords: Takaran ragi, tempe biji nangka (Artocarpusheterophyllus),kandungan protein.

This paper is concerned with the measurement of customer satisfaction a motorcycle repair shop in the city of Padang on the quality of service received by the SERVQUAL method. The method was developed in the 1980s by Zeithaml, Parasuraman & Berry used a questionnaire to measure quality of service. With this, it is known how big the gap (gap) that exists between perceptions and expectations of customers of a service company. Method of quantitatively measuring the quality of this service, contains dimensions such as tangibles (physical facilities and personnel), responsiveness (responsiveness), realibility (reliability), assurance (security) and empathy (empathy). The purpose of the use of the SERVQUAL dimensions is to make program improvements in the control of service-oriented to customer satisfaction, as one of the company's strategy to empower Total Quality Service. From the analysis of 84 samples without weighting the data of interest can be concluded that there is a gap between perception with expectations in every dimension. The sequence starts from the dimensions of each dimension with the largest gap is tangible dimension, followed by the dimensions of assurance, reliability, empathy and responsiveness of the last dimension. The average total gap of each dimension is equal to -0.8664. This suggests that the quality of service expected by customers has not been achieved. From the analysis of the value obtained by the dimensional weight of the interests of tangible (physical facilities and personnel) should get the greatest attention to be fixed. Keywords: Servqual, repair shop, service

Karya tulis ini berkenaan dengan pengembangan perangkat lunak berbasiskan Web untuk perhitungan waktu kerja standar yang merupakan sebuah modul tambahan pada aplikasi perangkat lunak untuk perancangan sistem kerja berbasiskan Web atau yang diberi nama @WebPlan® yang sudah dikembangkan oleh penulis. @WebPlan ini merupakan integrasi dari beberapa modul untuk perancangan tataletak dan disain stasiun kerja secara virtual 3D. Beberapa modul sudah dirancang sebelumnya yaitu modul untuk visualisasi produk dan strukturnya sehingga dimungkinkan visualisasi yang interaktif untuk proses perakitannya. Sedangkan modul utama dalam @WebPlan ini adalah 3D Facilities Layout dan disain/layout stasiun kerja. Untuk tujuan ini juga sudah dibuat beberapa alat bantu yaitu model manusia 3D untuk beberapa persentil dan beberapa analisa dan checklist ergonomi. Pengembangan aplikasi @WebPlan ini untuk perhitungan waktu standar pada produksi serial merupakan suatu yang sangat diperlukan untuk menentukan waktu total yang diperlukan dalam memproduksi/merakit sebuah produk. Waktu total ini merupakan data penting dalam membuat konfigurasi stasiun kerja untuk pembuatan produk. Metoda Pengukuran waktu perakitan yang dipakai dalam hal ini adalah MTM-UAS (Universal Analysing System) yang sangat cocok untuk perakitan manual. Hasil perhitungan waktu proses perakitan ini divalidasi dengan proses perakitan yang sebenarnya dan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan harga yang cukup signifikan. Beberapa kemudahan yang didapat pada metoda ini adalah MTM-UAS menggabungkan beberapa gerakan dan tidak terlalu detail dibandingkan metoda pengukuran waktu lainnya. Akan tetapi memiliki hasil yang cukup mendekati hasil yang sebenarnya. Modul aplikasi perhitungan waktu standar ini merupakan bagian yang diintergrasikan nantinya dalam perancangan tataletak dan stasiun kerja secara virtual 3D

River is one of fresh water ecosystem which is very important in human life since it is the most practical and economical source in fulfilling domestic and industrial needs. Therefore, it should meet the quality standards. The research objectives were: 1) knowing the quality of waterway in Raman River, Pujodadi, Trimurjo, based on the physical, chemical and biological aspects; 2) turning the information intoa Biology learning source on Ecosystem subject. The data were directly observed in the river by measuring the physical factors (temperature, stream, turbidity); chemical factors (pH, DO); and biological factor (macro invertebrates). The results were: temperature 24-29oC ; stream 0.3 – 0.6 mm/s; turbidity 33.5-3.7 NTU; pH 4.1-5.2; and DO 2.07-2.35 ml/I. Furthermore, micro vertebrates found were; a) Plecoptra; b) Tricoptra; c) Mollusca, d) Ephemeroptra; and e) Hemiptra. In each station, they were classified as insects and non-insects. The insects found were: 1) Odonata; 2) Tricoptra; 3) Ephemeroptra; 4) Plecoptra. Based on those parameters, the waterway quality was qualified as light wasted. The results can be turned into student worksheet as a Biology learning source, especially on Ecosystem subject.

Approach on the study or rural service development is often both development indicators are interchangeable. However, the two studies are closely related and could contribute one to another. A confusion also exists in the setting up of the concepts of social service and economic service function. As such, the study of service development should have a great care of the study implication in which sectoral action planning should follow-up.

In last two decades, the small scale industrial sector, due to various reasons, has increasingly received attention from Indonesian policy makers. In the research area, rural small scale industrial activities play an important role, yet in a varying way. Production factors like labour and capital as well as the degree of localism are used to illustrate the differences in character. Attention is also paid to the linkages of those small scale industrial units with other units and sectors. Based on the main characteristics and the function of those rural small scale industrial activities, a distinction is made between basic and non-basic activities. A short description is given of the most important government programmes in the sphere of small scale industrial development. It is concluded that policy makers have given insufficient attention to the differences within the sector. As a result, most of the small scale industrial units are deprived of the programmes which are specifically designed for them.

Reading is an important activity for a student to complete his studies. Nevertheless there are still many students not have good reading skills. A good reading would be more productive and effective produce quality students. Various methods have been formulated by experts, which is best depending on the student to choose which best suits his interests. Kata kunci:: aktivitas, membaca, metode

Human civilization will contruct interaction between human and their god, their fellow, and their environment. In traditional grow local wisdom which contain bioethic that universal and that contain negative in use and manage resource around them, traditional bioethic inclined ignored and undergo erosion. In growth of IPTEK (Science and Technology) and using biotechnology that being acceleration of changing of social-economy living that dynamic and complex in transaction form, or service at living things or they parts, were need antisipation for value order or bioethic that satisfaction. Kata kunci: bioetik, tata nilai

Approach on the study of rural service development is often confused with general regional development study in which both development indicators are interchanged. However the two study are closely related and able to contribute one to another. A confusion also exist in the setting up of the concepts of social services, economic services, and infrastructures functions. As such, the study of service development should have a great care of the study implication in which sectoral action planning should follow up. This article tries to present an operational approach on the rural service development with an ilustrative case study of Yogyakarta Special Region.