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This is the first report on the co-production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and exopolysaccharides (EPSs) by the halophilic archaeon Haloferax mucosum (DSM 27191) in a modified ATCC 2185 medium (NaCl 2.5 M, yeast extract 6 g L−1) with nitrogen limitation (C/N = 35 molar ratio), where it can produce 6.7 gEPS L−1 and 0.25 gPHA L−1. The PHA production is favoured when NaCl increases to 4 M and at higher nitrogen limitation (C/N = 50) reaches 0.75 gPHA L−1, but the EPSs were not detectable in the supernatant. The recovered PHAs are a copolymer of P(3HB-co-3HV), and the production conditions impact their chemical features (i.e. 3HV content, melting temperature, degree of crystallinity and molar mass). EPSs are anionic sulfated heteropolysaccharides composed of uronic acids, glucose, galactose, mannose and fructose. Purified EPSs have a high molar mass of 901 kDa and exhibit shear-thinning rheological behaviour in aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Pectin‐oligosaccharides (POS) serve diverse purposes as a food ingredient, antimicrobial and biostimulant in plants, and their functionality is linked to the degree of esterification. Grape and broccoli wastes emerge as environmentally friendly alternatives to obtaining pectin, serving as a sustainable source to producing POS. For example, microwaves have proven to be an effective and sustainable method to extract polysaccharides from plant matrices. Objective: This work aims to use grape and broccoli wastes as alternative sources for obtaining pectin by microwave‐assisted extraction and biotransformation into POS, which possess biological properties. Material and Methods: The extraction conditions were identified at a power of 400 W, 300 s for the extraction of pectin from grape pomace and broccoli waste. Biotransformation of pectins into POS, using commercial enzyme preparations (Viscozyme L and Pectinase). Characterisation was carried out by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Results: Physicochemical analysis indicated grape pomace and broccoli waste pectins had galacturonic acid content of 63.81 ± 1.67 and 40.83 ± 2.85 mg 100 mg−1, low degree of esterification of 34.89% and 16.22%, respectively. Biotransformation of pectins into POS resulted in a 20% hydrolysis rate. The main enzymatic activity was polygalacturonase for the degradation of the main structure of the pectin. Conclusion: Production of POS from agro‐industrial wastes by emerging technologies, such as the combined use of microwave‐assisted extraction and enzymatic processes, represents an alternative method for the generation of bioactive compounds with distinctive properties suitable for different applications of interest. Grape and broccoli waste, regarded as environmentally friendly alternatives, are explored for sustainable pectin production, specifically pectin‐oligosaccharides. Microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE), optimised at 400 W for 300 s, utilised galacturonic acid content and degree of esterification as indicators. Commercial enzymes (Viscozyme L and Pectinase) facilitated a 20% hydrolysis rate. Physicochemical analysis revealed grape pomace and broccoli waste pectins with galacturonic acid content of 63.81 ± 1.67 and 40.83 ± 2.85 mg 100 mg−1, and low degree of esterification of 34.89% and 16.22%, respectively. This study showcases a sustainable approach for generating bioactive pectin‐oligosaccharides, promising for diverse applications in food, antimicrobial, and plant biostimulant formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural fiber, gas permeability, Agave leaf, natural film, Mexican traditional film, Mexican gastronomy Keywords: Agave leaf; natural film; natural fiber; gas permeability; Mexican traditional film; Mexican gastronomy EN Agave leaf natural film natural fiber gas permeability Mexican traditional film Mexican gastronomy 6902 6908 7 11/17/22 20221215 NES 221215 Introduction Agave is one of the most important natural resources in Mexico in economic, social, and agro-ecological terms, it is a crop used mainly for the production of alcoholic beverages. The mixiote leaf also known as I mixiote paper i is the epidermis of the agave leaf, this is carefully separated from the plant to obtain a translucent and thin membrane. [Extracted from the article]

Mesquite is a tree widely distributed in arid and semi-arid areas of the American continent. Its use dates back to the native cultures of the continent. Its use mainly focuses on obtaining products for human consumption, traditional medicine, fuel, and construction. There are 44 known species, which are widely distributed in the north and south of the American continent, and some of them can be found in Africa, Asia, and Australia. The entire mesquite tree can be used without wasting any part of the plant. Its uses include fodder for small farm animals, furniture manufacturing, firewood for fuel, charcoal for cooking, or biofuel biomass. As for its use in human food, the mature seeds and pods are used to obtain a gluten-free flour added as a supplement in baking corn and wheat products. This flour is rich in fiber, protein, and minerals and low in fat. Due to the presence of compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds in various tissues or sections of the plant, it has a high antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal capacity, among other properties that make the Prosopis tree an excellent source of active compounds, flours, natural sugars, and gums that can be used by the food industry to enrich the population's diet. It is an underutilized and widely distributed natural resource in the American continent that should not be ignored., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical Approval: Not Applicable. Conflict of Interest: The author declares that she does not have an interest conflict about the results reported in this document., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)