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A comprehensive review of cytogenetic features is provided for the large hemipteran suborder Auchenorrhyncha, which currently contains approximately 42,000 valid species. This review is based on the analysis of 819 species, 483 genera, and 31 families representing all presently recognized Auchenorrhyncha superfamilies, e.i. Cicadoidea (cicadas), Cercopoidea (spittle bugs), Membracoidea (leafhoppers and treehoppers), Myerslopioidea (ground-dwelling leafhoppers), and Fulgoroidea (planthoppers). History and present status of chromosome studies are described, as well as the structure of chromosomes, chromosome counts, trends and mechanisms of evolution of karyotypes and sex determining systems, their variation at different taxonomic levels and most characteristic (modal) states, occurrence of parthenogenesis, polyploidy, B-chromosomes and chromosome rearrangements, and methods used for cytogenetic analysis of Auchenorrhyncha.

Makarorysa madalta Remane & Asche, 1986 Makarorysa madalta Remane & Asche, 1986: 228 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira. MADEIRA: reported from a single locality at 1450m in eastern part of Pico do Areeiro Mountain (Remane and Asche, 1986). Habitat and/or food plants. Meadowlike clearing feeding probably on grasses (Remane and Asche, 1986). Remarks. The specimens identified by Lindberg as Eurysa ribauti (Lindberg, 1936) probably correspond to M. madalta and/or to M. madeco (see Remane and Asche, 1986)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Remane, R. & Asche, M. (1986) Makarorysa n. g. - new genus for the Canaro-Madeiran Eurysa ribauti Lindberg-group with remarks on speciation, distribution and phylogenetic relationships within this taxon (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Fulgoromorpha, Delphacidae). Marburger Entomologische Publikationen, 2 (3), 217 - 258.","Lindberg, H. (1936) Die Cicadinen der Kanarischen Inseln. Commentationes Biologicae, 4 (9), 1 - 19."]}

* Austroagallia caboverdensis (Lindberg, 1958) Peragallia caboverdensis Lindberg, 1958: 195; Quartau and Andr��, 1990: 69 Distribution. Afrotropical region, Cape Verde and Salvages Archipelagos but not listed from latter in recent checklists (Hoch, 2004). MADEIRA: recorded from southern coast (this work). SELVAGEM GRANDE: locality unknown (Quartau and Andr��, 1990). Food plants. Lycopersicon esculetum (Quartau and Andr��, 1990) and Tetragonia tetragonoides (this work). MATERIAL EXAMINED: 1 �� S��o Vicente, Madeira, 10m, 1.x. 2000, on Tetragonia tetragonoides, Leg. N. Freitas., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Quartau, J. A. & Andre, G. (1990) Peragallia caboverdensis Lindberg, 1958 new to the Salvages (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal, 42 (218), 67 - 70.","Hoch, H. (Ed.) (2004) Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha, Cicadomorpha. Fauna Europaea version 1. 3, available from http: // www. faunaeur. org. (03. July. 2007)."]}

Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar, 1904) Gnathodus bipunctata Melichar, 1904: 47 Cicadulina zeae; Lindberg, 1961: 63 Distribution. Worldwide except America. MADEIRA: recorded only from several localities of southern coast (Lindberg 1961). Habitat and food plants. Unknown. Remarks. An important pathogen vector in India, Africa and Philippines (Webb, 1987), Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Webb, M. (1987) Species recognition in Cicadulina leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), vectors of pathogens of Gramineae. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 77, 683 - 712."]}

Empoasca fabalis DeLong, 1930 Empoasca fabalis DeLong, 1930: 92; Aguin-Pombo et al., 2006: 172 Distribution. An American species not recorded from Europe (Nast, 1972; Hoch, 2007). MADEIRA: locality unknown (Aguin Pombo et al., 2006). Remarks. Chromosomes of E. fabalis were studied in material from Madeira but this record has not been published (Aguin Pombo et al., 2006). Habitat and food plants. Unknown., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Nast, J. (1972) Palaearctic Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera). An annotated check list. Warszawa - Polish Scientific Publishers, 551 pp.","Boukhris-Bouhachem, S., Chabbouh, N., Mounira, Harbi & Jean-Luc, Danet (2007). The leafhoppers potential vectors of phytopathogene agents in Tunesian vineyards (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Fulguromorpha). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 43 (2), 159 - 163."]}

Toya propinqua (Fieber, 1866) Delphacodes propinqua Fieber, 1866: 525; China, 1938: 54 Calligypona propinqua; Lindberg, 1961: 60 Delphacodes albicollis; Lindberg, 1941: 32 [identification error] Distribution. Worldwide except Australian region. MADEIRA: reported from many localities at different altitudes (China, 1938, no localities indicated; Lindberg, 1941; Lindberg, 1961). PORTO SANTO: sampled from southern coast up to high altitudes (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat. In grass places and cultivated areas (Lindberg, 1961). Remarks. This species was misidentified by Lindberg (1941) as Delphacodes albicollis (Motschulsky, 1863) but subsequently corrected by him (Lindberg, 1961). Subfamily Kelisiinae Wagner, 1963, Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Lindberg, H. (1941) Die Hemipteren der Azorischen Inseln. Nebst anhang: Zur Kenntis der Hemipterenfauna von Madeira. Commentationes Biologicae, 8 (8), 1 - 32."]}

Opsius lethierryi Wagner, 1942 Opsius lethierryi Wagner, 1942: 121; Lindberg, 1961: 65 Distribution. Western Palaearctic region including Canary Islands and North Africa. MADEIRA: reported only from Funchal (Lindberg, 1961). Food plants. Tamarix (Lindberg, 1961)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Hyalesthes portonoves Remane & Hoch, 1986 Hyalesthes portonoves Remane & Hoch, 1986: 134; Hoch and Remane, 1985: 134 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira Island. MADEIRA: reported from a single southern coastal locality (Porto Novo) (Hoch and Remane, 1985; Remane and Hoch, 1986). Habitat and/or food plants. Xerophyte vegetation with Echium spp. and Euphorbia spp. (Hoch and Remane, 1985; Remane and Hoch, 1986). Remarks. Lindberg (1941) identified two specimens from Portonovo as Hyalesthes angustulus Horv. 1908 but later (1961) he identified them as Hyalesthes flavipennis. Remane and Hoch (1985) described H. portonoves from the same locality; therefore, it is very likely that Lindberg’s material corresponds to this species. Family Delphacidae Leach, 1815 Subfamily Delphacinae Leach, 1815

Psammotettix striatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Thamnotettix striatus Linnaeus, 1758: 437 Psammotettix alienus; Lindberg, 1961: 66 Deltocephalus striatus; China, 1938: 46 [identification error] Psammotettix striatus; Lindberg, 1941: 31 [identification error] Distribution. Holarctic. DESERTA GRANDE: locality unknown (Lindberg, 1961). MADEIRA: Reported from many localities from coastal areas up to mountain tops on northern and southern slopes (Lindberg, 1961; China, 1938; Lindberg, 1941). PORTO SANTO: reported from three localities from coastal areas up to high altitudes in northern slopes (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat and/or food plants. Herbaceous vegetation and in the outside of cultivated terrains (Lindberg, 1961). Remarks. China (1938) identified the material of Wollaston���s collection as Deltocephalus striatus (= Psammotettix striatus) and Lindberg (1941) identified it as Psammotettix striatus. Later, Lindberg (1961) reexamined this material and considered it to be P. a l i e n u s. Presently Psammotettix alienus is considered a synonym of Psammotettix striatus (Razvyazkina & Pridantseva, 1968). This species is a vector of viruses and phytoplasms which cause plant diseases (Della Giustina, 1989)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1941) Die Hemipteren der Azorischen Inseln. Nebst anhang: Zur Kenntis der Hemipterenfauna von Madeira. Commentationes Biologicae, 8 (8), 1 - 32.","Razvyazkina, G. M. & Pridantseva, E. A. (1968). Leafhoppers of the group Psammotettix striatus L. (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) - vectors of virus diseases of cereals, their systematics and distribution. Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal, 47 (5), 690 - 696.","Della Giustina W. (1989) Homopteres Cicadellidae, vol. 3 complements, INRA, Paris, 350 pp."]}

Cyphopterum retusum (Walker, 1851) Issus retusus Walker, 1851: 371 Cyphopterum retusum; Melichar, 1905: 477; China, 1938: 54; Leise, 1992: 260; Lindberg, 1961: 57 Cyphopterum obtusatum; Leise, 1992: 9 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira archipelago. MADEIRA: reported from several localities in northern and southern slopes at different altitudes (China, 1938; Leise, 1992; Lindberg, 1961; Walker, 1851 as Issus retusus; Melichar, 1905). Habitat and/or host plant. Apparently polyphagous and common in hedges, in many cases on Rubus (Lindberg, 1961) but present also in many types of habitats and vegetation including pine forest with Faya, Acacia, coastal vegetation Rubus and Artemisia, herbaceous vegetation with Pterys and Rubus, moist hillsides with Salix, Ulex and Rubus (Leise, 1992). Remarks. This species was misidentified by several authors and erroneously reported from several localities. From mainland Portugal (Leiria) it was erroneously reported by Lallemand (1929 a and 1929 b) and Seabra (1930 a, 1930 b, 1939 a, 1939 b, 1941) based on an incorrect identification of C. adscendens (H.-S.) (see Leise, 1992). Another erroneous record seems to be "Port Philip", the type locality of C. curvipenne Walker 1958. Distant (1910) considered this species a synonym of C. retusum although he apparently did not examine the type material. The locality Port Philip is unknown to Madeira but known to Australia (Victoria) where this genus is absent. The Australian locality may have been wrongly assigned by Captain Parry, the donor of the specimen, who may have travelled from Madeira to Australia. This species seems also to have been misidentified as C. obtusatum Melichar, 1923; the description of this last species was based on a single female specimen from Cape Verde (Melichar, 1923), the only material of this species known. Leise (1922) after examining C. obtusatum could not find any differences in head or body shape from C. retusum (Leise, 1992). For Cape Verde seven endemic species of Cyphopterum were reported and all except C. obtusatum belong to a different subgenus, Phocypterum. Therefore, Leise (1992) suggested that this specimen was mislabelled and that this was the same species recorded from Madeira because it seems unlikely that a species of Cyphopterum s. str. occurs in Cape Verde. Additional support for this is the fact that this species has never been collected in further sampling by Lindberg who collected intensively on this archipelago., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Walker, F. (1851) List of the specimens of homopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum Part II. London, pp. 262 - 636.","Melichar, L. (1905) Genera tria fulgoridarum mundi antiqui. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 3, 473 - 477.","China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Leise, T. (1992) Zur Phylogenie der sudwest-Palaarktischen zikaden-Gattung Cyphopterum Melichar, 1905 (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Flatidae). Teil I - II: Abbildungen Dssertation zur erlangung des Doktorgrades der naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.). Lahn, 643 pp.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Lallemand, V. (1929 a) Liste d'Homopteres du Portugal recueillis par M. de Seabra. Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, 28, 1 - 10.","Lallemand, V. (1929 b) 2 e. Liste d'Homopteres du Portugal recueillis par M. de Seabra. Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, 39, 1 - 8.","Seabra, A. F. (1930 a) Observacoes sobre algumas especies da Fam. Cicadoideae e da Fam. Fulgoroideae existentes nas coleccoes do Museu de Coimbra. Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, Arquivos da Seccao de Biologia e Parasitologia, 1, 307 - 359.","Seabra, A. F. (1930 b) Subsidio para o conhecimento da fauna das Matas Nacionais. Conclusoes de estudos realizados durante os meses de Julho e Agosto de 1925 na Mata de Leiria. Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra. Arquivos da Seccao de Biologia e Parasitologia, 1, 215 - 260.","Seabra, A. F. (1939 a) A entomologia do trigo. Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, Arquivos da Seccao de Biologia e Parasitologia, 3, 84 - 93.","Seabra, A. F. (1939 b) Contribuicao para a historia da Entomologia em Portugal. Direccao Geral dos Servicos Florestais e Agricolas, 6 (1 - 2), 1 - 301.","Seabra, A. F. (1941) Contribuicoes para o inventario da fauna lusitania. Insecta. Homoptera (Cicadoideae e Fulgororideae). Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, 121, 1 - 14.","Distant, W. L. (1910) Rhynchotal notes. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 5 (8), 207 - 323.","Melichar, L. (1923) Homoptera, fam. Acanaloniidae, Flatidae et Ricaniidae. Genera Insectorum, 182, 1 - 185."]}

Pseudaraeopus lethierryi (Mulsant & Rey, 1879) Araeopus lethierryi Mulsant & Rey, 1879: 319 Pseudaraeopus lethierryi; Lindberg, 1961: 59 Distribution. Widely distributed in Mediterranean Basin, Near East and Macaronesia. MADEIRA: known only from Funchal (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat and food plants. Unknown., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Euscelis ormaderensis Remane, 1968 Euscelis ormaderensis Remane, 1968: 7 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira archipelago. DESERTA GRANDE: locality unknown (Remane, 1968). ISLET CH��O: locality unknown (Remane, 1968). PORTO SANTO: reported from few localities (Remane, 1968). Food plants. Herbs of several plant families but often associated to Artemisia argentea (Remane, 1968). Remarks. The specific status of the specimens from Porto Santo was confirmed after being studied the seasonal variation in genital structures and acoustic behaviour. Some additional morphologically very variable specimens of Euscelis were found also by Remane in Madeira at Prazeres but their specific identity was not determined (Remane, 1968)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Remane, R. (1968) Erganzungen und kritische Bemerkungen zu der Heteropteren- und Cicadinen-Fauna der Makaronesischen Inseln. Bocagiana, 16, 1 - 15."]}

Empoasca alsiosa Ribaut, 1936 Empoasca alsiosa Ribaut, 1936: 155. Empoasca unicolor; Lindberg, 1961: 75 Distribution. Southern Europe and Macaronesia. MADEIRA: known from central parts (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat. Native forest (Lindberg, 1961)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Euscelidius variegatus (Kirschbaum, 1858) Athysanus variegatus Kirschbaum, 1858 a: 9 Euscelidius variegatus; Reis and Aguin-Pombo, 2003: 28 Distribution. Palaearctic. MADEIRA: reported from coastal areas up to 1175m on both slopes of Island (Reis and Aguin-Pombo, 2003). Food plants. Brachypodium sylvaticum, Brachiaria mutica (Gramineae), Trifolium repens (Leguminosae) and Apium nodiflorum (Umbelliferae) (Reis and Aguin-Pombo, 2003). Remarks. An important vector of phytoplasmas and other microorganisms (Palermo et al., 2001)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Reis, F. & Aguin-Pombo, D. (2003) Euscelidius variegatus (Kirschbaum, 1858), a new leafhopper record to Madeira Archipelago (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). Vieraea, 21, 27 - 31.","Palermo, S., Arzone, A. & Bosco, D. (2001) Vector-pathogen-host plant relationships of chrysanthemum yellows (CY) phytoplasma and the vector leafhoppers Macrosteles quadripunctulatus and Euscelidius variegatus. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 99 (3), 347 - 354."]}

Javesella dubia (Kirschbaum, 1868) Delphax dubia Kirschbaum, 1868: 26 Delphacodes pellucida; Lindberg, 1941: 32 Calligypona dubia; Lindberg, 1961: 60 Javesella dubia; Remane, 1975: 1 Distribution. Widely distributed in Palaearctic region except North Africa. MADEIRA: reported from coast to mountains in northern and southern slopes (Lindberg, 1941; Lindberg, 1961). Remarks. The presence of this species in Madeira was further confirmed by Remane (1975). Habitat and food plants. Unknown., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1941) Die Hemipteren der Azorischen Inseln. Nebst anhang: Zur Kenntis der Hemipterenfauna von Madeira. Commentationes Biologicae, 8 (8), 1 - 32.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Remane, R. (1975). Eine bisher unbeschriebene Art der Gattung Javesella Fennah (Homopt. Cicadina: Delphacidae) von den Azoren. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde Serie A (Biologie), 269, 1 - 6."]}

Asianidia atlantica (China, 1938) Erythroneura atlantica China, 1938: 50; China, 1938: 50; Lindberg, 1961: 73 Asianidia atlantica; Quartau and Remane, 1996: 2 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira archipelago. ISLET CH��O: locality unknown (China, 1938). MADEIRA: reported from coastal areas up to medium altitude on southern slopes (Lindberg, 1961). PORTO SANTO: Serra de Dentro-Juliana (Lindberg, 1961) Food plants. Artemisia argentea and Artemisia arborescens (Lindberg, 1961; Quartau and Remane, 1996)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Quartau, J. A. & Remane, R. (1996) Asianidia melliferae sp. n. (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae), a new leafhopper from Madeira. Bocagiana, 181, 1 - 3."]}

Laodelphax striatellus (Fall��n, 1826) Delphax striatellus Fall��n, 1826: 129 Delphacodes striatella; China 1938: 54 Delphacodes striatellus; Lindberg, 1941: 32 Calligypona marginata; Lindberg, 1961: 60 [erroneous synonym] Distribution. Palaearctic except North Africa, and Oriental and Afrotropical regions. MADEIRA: reported from several localities from different altitudes in northern and southern slopes (China 1938; Lindberg, 1941; Lindberg, 1961). Remarks. China (1938) recorded this species as Delphacodes striatella Fall. Later, Lindberg (1961) identified his own material published in 1941 and China���s material as Delphacodes striatella Fall.. but erroneously misplaced this species as a synonym of Calligypona marginata (Fabr.). This latter species is a synonym of Javesella pellucida Fabricius, 1794. Habitat and food plants. Unknown. Remarks. A vector of the rice stripe virus (Lin et al., 1996), Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1941) Die Hemipteren der Azorischen Inseln. Nebst anhang: Zur Kenntis der Hemipterenfauna von Madeira. Commentationes Biologicae, 8 (8), 1 - 32.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Lin, L., Xu, Y., Liu, Y., Bao, S., Xin, Y. & Li, X. (1996) Characteristics of Laodelphax striatellus transmit rice stripe virus. Acta Phytophylacica Sinica, 23 (3), 218 - 222."]}

Asianidia insulana (Lindberg, 1961) Erythroneura insulana Lindberg, 1961: 71 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira Island. MADEIRA: on seashore on southern slopes (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat. Native laurel forest (Lindberg, 1961)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Balclutha pellucens Horv��th, 1909 Balclutha pellucens Horv��th, 1909: 296; China, 1938: 47; Lindberg, 1961: 64 Dicraneura viridella Lindberg, 1941: 23 Distribution. Endemic to Macaronesian archipelagos except Cape Verde. MADEIRA: common all over the island (China, 1938; Lindberg, 1941; Lindberg, 1961). Habitat. Low grass vegetation (Lindberg, 1961). MATERIAL EXAMINED: 1 ��, 4 ����, Santo Antonio, Funchal, 300 m, Madeira, 16.ii. 2002 on herbaceous plants, leg. F��bio Reis., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Horvath, G. (1909) Hemipteres recueillis par M. Th. Becker aux Iles Canaries. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 7, 289 - 301.","China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Lindberg, H. (1941) Die Hemipteren der Azorischen Inseln. Nebst anhang: Zur Kenntis der Hemipterenfauna von Madeira. Commentationes Biologicae, 8 (8), 1 - 32."]}

* Zyginidia lineata (Lindberg, 1954) Erythroneura lineata Lindberg, 1954: 245 Distribution. A Mediterranean species present in Canary Islands (Lindberg, 1954, Nast, 1972). MADEIRA: reported from laurel forest at high altitudes. Food plants. Grasses. MATERIAL EXAMINED: 1 ��, 1 ��, Ribeiro Frio-Poiso, Madeira, 1000m, 05.ix. 1996, on Poaceae, leg. D. Aguin-Pombo. Subfamily Evacanthinae Metcalf, 1939, Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1954) Hemiptera Insularum Canariensium, Systematik, Okologie und Verbreitung der Kanarischen Heteropteren und Cicadinen. Commentationes Biologicae, 14 (1), 1953 (issued 1954), 1 - 304.","Nast, J. (1972) Palaearctic Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera). An annotated check list. Warszawa - Polish Scientific Publishers, 551 pp."]}

Sogatella nigeriensis (Muir, 1920) Megamelus nigeriensis Muir, 1920: 140; Asche and Wilson, 1990: 13 Distribution. Occurs in Palaearctic and Afrotropical regions. MADEIRA: locality unknown (Asche and Wilson, 1990). The material of Sogatella vibix and S. furcifera studied by Lindberg (1961) and deposited in the British Museum, was identified by Asche and Wilson (1990) as S. nigeriensis. Remarks. All material of Sogatella furcifera (Horv��th, 1889) from Madeira reported by China (1938) and Lindberg (1961) and that of Sogatella vibix (Haupt, 1927) reported by Lindberg (1961) could correspond either to S. nigeriensis or S. kolophon Kirkaldy, 1906 (see Asche and Wilson, 1990). The presence of S. kolophon should be further confirmed. Habitat and food plants. Unknown., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Asche, M. & Wilson, M. R. (1990) The Delphacid genus Sogatella and related groups: a revision with special reference to rice-associated species (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Systematic Entomology, 15, 1 - 42.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69."]}

Alebra viridis Rey, 1897 Alebra albostriella var. viridis Rey, 1897: 46 Alebra viridis; Aguin-Pombo, 2002: 68 Distribution. A European species not listed for Madeira archipelago in recent checklists (Hoch, 2004). MADEIRA: found in naturalized chestnut forests above 300 m altitude on southern slopes (Aguin-Pombo, 2002). Food plants. Quercus robur and Castanea sativa (Aguin-Pombo, 2002). Remarks. Some females recorded by Lindberg from Madeira as Alebra albostriella (Fall��n, 1826) were deposited at the Municipal Museum of Funchal, but these resemble A. viridis (Aguin-Pombo, 2002). This last species was considered a variety of A. albostriella at the time that Lindberg published his work. The occurrence of A. albostriella on Madeira is unlikely., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Hoch, H. (Ed.) (2004) Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha, Cicadomorpha. Fauna Europaea version 1. 3, available from http: // www. faunaeur. org. (03. July. 2007)."]}

Anoscopus assimilis (Signoret, 1879) Acocephalus assimilis Signoret, 1879: 75; Noualhier, 1897: 77; China, 1938: 44 Aphrodes assimilis; Lindberg, 1961: 67 Distribution. Europe and North Africa. BUGIO: locality unknown (China, 1938). DESERTA GRANDE: locality unknown (China, 1938). MADEIRA: locality unknown (China, 1938; Noualhier, 1897). PORTO SANTO: locality unknown (Lindberg, 1961). Remarks. Information on this species is based on material sampled by Lindberg, Wollaston and Fauvel who did not report exact localities. Habitat and food plants. Grasses., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Noualhier, M. (1897) Hemipteres recueillis par M. A. Fauvel a Madere, en mai et juin 1896. Revue d'Entomologie, 16, 76 - 80.","China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Eupteryx capreola Lindberg, 1954 Eupteryx capreola Lindberg, 1954: 240; Quartau and Fan��ony, 1988: 98; Aveiro and Aguin-Pombo, 2003 a, 2003 b Distribution. Endemic to Canary Islands and Madeira archipelago. MADEIRA: reported from many localities of southern and northern slopes (Lindberg, 1961; Quartau and Fan��ony, 1988). PORTO SANTO: one locality (Quartau and Fan��ony, 1988). Food plants. Pteridium aquilinum and herbaceous plants (Quartau and Fan��ony, 1988). Remarks. Quartau and Fan��ony (1988) suggested that Eupteryx capreola Lindberg, 1954 is probably an extreme form of Eupteryx filicum (Newman, 1853). More recent morphological studies and population dynamics analysis of populations on P. aquilinum also failed to separate this species from E. filicum (Aveiro and Aguin-Pombo, 2003 a, 2003 b). The status of this species needs to be confirmed., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1954) Hemiptera Insularum Canariensium, Systematik, Okologie und Verbreitung der Kanarischen Heteropteren und Cicadinen. Commentationes Biologicae, 14 (1), 1953 (issued 1954), 1 - 304.","Quartau, J. A. & Fancony, A. I. (1988) On Eupteryx capreola Lindberg and E. filicum (Newman) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) from Madeira and the Azores. Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal, 40, 93 - 103.","Aveiro, M. J. & Aguin-Pombo, D. (2003 a) Population dynamics of Eupteryx leafhoppers on Pteridium aquilinum ferns in Madeira. How many species do we have? II Symposium of Island Ecosystems, Funchal, Madeira 5 - 9 th October 2003, 71.","Aveiro, M. J. & Aguin-Pombo, D. (2003 b) Large morphological variation in island populations of Eupteryx leafhoppers from Madeira Island. II Symposium of Island Ecosystems, Funchal, Madeira, 5 - 9 th October 2003, 54.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Eupteryx filicum (Newman, 1853) Typhlocyba filicum Newman, 1853: 132 Eupteryx laureti; China, 1938: 47; Lindberg, 1941: 31 Eupteryx filicum; Lindberg, 1961: 74 Distribution. Europe and Macaronesia. MADEIRA: reported from many localities at medium and high altitudes of northern and southern slopes (Lindberg, 1941; Lindberg, 1961). PORTO SANTO: sampled by Wollaston (China, 1938 as E. laureti Lind.) and Lindberg in Pico Castelo-Pico do Facho mountains (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat. Native forest areas and above this forest on Pteridium aquilinum (Lindberg, 1961 as Eupteris aquilina). Remarks. See remarks for E. capreola Lindberg, 1954., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1941) Die Hemipteren der Azorischen Inseln. Nebst anhang: Zur Kenntis der Hemipterenfauna von Madeira. Commentationes Biologicae, 8 (8), 1 - 32.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Lindberg, H. (1954) Hemiptera Insularum Canariensium, Systematik, Okologie und Verbreitung der Kanarischen Heteropteren und Cicadinen. Commentationes Biologicae, 14 (1), 1953 (issued 1954), 1 - 304."]}

Aconurella prolixa (Lethierry, 1885) Thamnotettix prolixa Lethierry, 1885: 102 Aconurella prolixa; Lindberg, 1961: 64 Distribution. Palaearctic and Afrotropical regions. MADEIRA: reported from northern and southern slopes at different altitudes (Lindberg, 1961). PORTO SANTO: from southern seashore up to Serra de Dentro mountain (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat. Moist or dry grass vegetation, often occurs in large numbers (Lindberg, 1961)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Asianidia decolor (Lindberg, 1936) Erythroneura decolor Lindberg, 1936: 15; China, 1938: 49; Lindberg, 1961: 72 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira archipelago and Canary Islands. MADEIRA: reported from localities above 300m on southern slopes (China, 1938; Lindberg, 1961). Food plants. Labiatae spp. (Lindberg, 1961)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1936) Die Cicadinen der Kanarischen Inseln. Commentationes Biologicae, 4 (9), 1 - 19.","China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Cixius verticalis Noualhier, 1897 Cixius verticalis Noualhier, 1897: 79; China, 1938: 50; Lindberg, 1941: 31; Lindberg, 1961: 55 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira archipelago. MADEIRA: occurs at medium and high altitudes mainly on northern slopes (China, 1938; Lindberg, 1941; Lindberg, 1961; Noualhier, 1897). Habitat. Hedges and trees in native forest (Lindberg, 1961)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Noualhier, M. (1897) Hemipteres recueillis par M. A. Fauvel a Madere, en mai et juin 1896. Revue d'Entomologie, 16, 76 - 80.","China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1941) Die Hemipteren der Azorischen Inseln. Nebst anhang: Zur Kenntis der Hemipterenfauna von Madeira. Commentationes Biologicae, 8 (8), 1 - 32.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

* Macrosteles sexnotatus (Fall��n, 1806) Cicada sexnotata Fall��n, 1806: 34 Distribution. Palaearctic including Azores and Canary Islands. MADEIRA: Western part of Madeira. Habitat and food plants. Unknown. Remarks. This species was erroneously reported to Madeira as M. ossiannilssoni by Lindberg in 1941 (see Lindberg, 1961 and remarks for M. ossiannilssonni above). MATERIAL EXAMINED: 1 ��, 2 ����, Cani��al, Ponta de S��o Louren��o, Madeira, 01.i. 1998, leg. D. Aguin-Pombo., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Cixius madeirensis China, 1938 Cixius madeirensis China, 1938: 51; Lindberg, 1961: 55 Distribution. Endemic to Madeira archipelago. MADEIRA: reported from several mountain localities on northern and southern slopes (China, 1938; Lindberg, 1961). Habitat. Native vegetation (Lindberg, 1961)., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad. Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera (Hemiptera and Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A (2), 1 - 69.","Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Muellerianella fairmairei (Perris, 1857) Delphax fairmairei Perris, 1857: 170 Calligypona fairmairei; Lindberg, 1961: 62 Distribution. Palaearctic including Azores and Madeira archipelagoes. MADEIRA: common at various altitudes on northern and southern slopes (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat and food plants. Unknown., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82."]}

Circulifer haematoceps (Mulsant & Rey, 1855) Jassus haematoceps Mulsant & Rey, 1855: 229 Circulifer haematoceps var. vittiventris; Lindberg, 1961: 65 Distribution. Palaearctic region including Macaronesia but here known only from Madeira. PORTO SANTO: locality unknown (Lindberg, 1961). Habitat and food plants. Unknown. Remarks. Circulifer haematoceps and C. opacipennis have been variously regarded as different species or the second as a synonym of the first. Here the interpretation of Young & Frazier (1954) is followed and both species are considered valid. Circulifer haematoceps is an important vector in Mediterranean Basin and Near East (Kersting and Baspinar, 1995). localities (Quartau, 1984). Habitat and/or food plants. Areas with mixed vegetation including Agropyron junceiforme, Suaeda vera and Limonium papillatum (Quartau, 1984). Remarks. An important vector of Spiroplasma citri (Kersting et al., 1992). See Circulifer haematoceps for other comments., Published as part of Aguin-Pombo, Dora & Freitas, Carlos, 2008, An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 1762 on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181963, {"references":["Lindberg, H. (1961) Hemiptera Insularum Madeirensium. Commentationes Biologicae, 24 (1), 1 - 82.","Young, D. A. & Frazier, N. W. (1954) A study of the leafhopper genus Circulifer Zakhvatkin (Homoptera, Cicadellidae). Hilgardia, 23 (2), 25 - 57.","Kersting, U. & Baspinar, H. (1995) Seasonal and diurnal flight activity of Circulifer haematoceps (Hom., Cicadellidae), an important leafhopper vector in the Mediterranean area and the Near East. Journal of Applied Entomology, 119 (8), 533 - 537.","Quartau, J. A. (1984) Two new records of leafhoppers (Homoptera, Auchenorryncha, Cicadellidae) from the Small Salvage Island. Bocagiana, 72, 1 - 7.","Kersting, U., Sengonca, C. & Cinar, A. (1992) Detection of Spiroplasma citri in non-citrus host plants and their associated leafhopper vectors in southern Turkey. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) Plant Protection Bulletin, 40 (3), 89 - 94."]}