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35,540 results on '"Agudelo A"'

1. Experimental Quantum Simulation of Chemical Dynamics

Author

Navickas, T., MacDonell, R. J., Valahu, C. H., Olaya-Agudelo, V. C., Scuccimarra, F., Millican, M. J., Matsos, V. G., Nourse, H. L., Rao, A. D., Biercuk, M. J., Hempel, C., Kassal, I., and Tan, T. R.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Simulating chemistry is likely to be among the earliest applications of quantum computing. However, existing digital quantum algorithms for chemical simulation require many logical qubits and gates, placing practical applications beyond existing technology. Here, we use an analog approach to carry out the first quantum simulations of chemical reactions. In particular, we simulate photoinduced non-adiabatic dynamics, one of the most challenging classes of problems in quantum chemistry because they involve strong coupling and entanglement between electronic and nuclear motions. We use a mixed-qudit-boson (MQB) analog simulator, which encodes information in both the electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom of a trapped ion. We demonstrate its programmability and versatility by simulating the dynamics of three different molecules as well as open-system dynamics in the condensed phase, all with the same quantum resources. Our approach requires orders of magnitude fewer resources than equivalent digital quantum simulations, demonstrating the potential of analog quantum simulators for near-term simulations of complex chemical reactions.

Published
2024

3. Variational and numerical aspects of a system of ODEs with concave-convex nonlinerities

Author

Agudelo, Oscar, Holubová, Gabriela, and Kudláč, Martin

Subjects
Mathematics - Functional Analysis, 34A34, 34B08, 34B18, 35J35
Abstract

In this work we discuss a Hamiltonian system of ordinary differential equations under Dirichlet boundary conditions. The system of equations in consideration features a mixed (concave-convex) power nonlinearity depending on a positive parameter $\lambda$. We show multiplicity of nonnegative solutions of the system for a certain range of the parameter $\lambda$ and we also discuss regularity and symmetry of nonnegative solutions of the system. Besides, we present a numerical strategy aiming at the exploration of the optimal range of $\lambda$ for which multiplicity of solutions holds. The numerical experiments are based on the Poincar\'{e}-Miranda theorem and the shooting method, which have been lesser explored for systems of ODEs. Our work is motivated by the works of Ambrosetti et al., 1994 and Moreira dos Santos, 2009., Comment: 21 pages, 13 figures

Published
2024

4. The Jacobi operator of some special minimal hypersurfaces

Author

Agudelo, Oscar and Rizzi, Matteo

Subjects
Mathematics - Differential Geometry
Abstract

In this work we discuss stability and nondegeneracy properties of some special families of minimal hypersurfaces embedded in $\mathbb{R}^m\times \mathbb{R}^n$ with $m,n\geq 2$. These hypersurfaces are asymptotic at infinity to a fixed Lawson cone $C_{m,n}$. In the case $m+n\ge 8$, we show that such hypersurfaces are strictly stable and we provide a full classification of their bounded Jacobi fields, which in turn allows us to prove the non-degeneracy of such surfaces. In the case $m+n\le 7$, we prove that such hypersurfaces have infinite Morse index.

Published
2024

5. On the Effect of Driving Turbulent-like Fluctuations on a Harris-Current Sheet Configuration and the Formation of Plasmoids

Author

Rueda, Jeffersson Andres Agudelo, Liu, Yi-Hsin, Germaschewski, Kai, Hesse, Michael, and Bessho, Naoki

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Energy dissipation in collisionless plasmas is one of the most outstanding open questions in plasma physics. Magnetic reconnection and turbulence are two phenomena that can produce the conditions for energy dissipation. These two phenomena are closely related to each other in a wide range of plasmas. Turbulent fluctuations can emerge in critical regions of reconnection events, and magnetic reconnection can occur as a product of the turbulent cascade. In this study, we perform 2D particle-in-cell simulations of a reconnecting Harris current sheet in the presence of turbulent fluctuations to explore the effect of turbulence on the reconnection process in collisionless non-relativistic pair-plasmas. We find that the presence of a turbulent field can affect the onset and evolution of magnetic reconnection. Moreover, we observe the existence of a scale dependent amplitude of magnetic field fluctuations above which these fluctuations are able to disrupt the growing of magnetic islands. These fluctuations provide thermal energy to the particles within the current sheet and preferential perpendicular thermal energy to the background population.

Published
2024
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6. Simulating open-system molecular dynamics on analog quantum computers

Author

Olaya-Agudelo, V. C., Stewart, B., Valahu, C. H., MacDonell, R. J., Millican, M. J., Matsos, V. G., Scuccimarra, F., Tan, T. R., and Kassal, I.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

Interactions of molecules with their environment influence the course and outcome of almost all chemical reactions. However, classical computers struggle to accurately simulate complicated molecule-environment interactions because of the steep growth of computational resources with both molecule size and environment complexity. Therefore, many quantum-chemical simulations are restricted to isolated molecules, whose dynamics can dramatically differ from what happens in an environment. Here, we show that analog quantum simulators can simulate open molecular systems by using the native dissipation of the simulator and injecting additional controllable dissipation. By exploiting the native dissipation to simulate the molecular dissipation -- rather than seeing it as a limitation -- our approach enables longer simulations of open systems than are possible for closed systems. In particular, we show that trapped-ion simulators using a mixed qudit-boson (MQB) encoding could simulate molecules in a wide range of condensed phases by implementing widely used dissipative processes within the Lindblad formalism, including pure dephasing and both electronic and vibrational relaxation. The MQB open-system simulations require significantly fewer additional quantum resources compared to both classical and digital quantum approaches.

Published
2024

7. Approximate magic symmetry in a cobimaximal scenario of Majorana neutrinos

Author

Rivera-Agudelo, Diana C., Tostado, S. L., and Valderrama-Florez, Nelson E.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The searches for an underlying pattern in neutrino masses have motivated different proposals for textures in the neutrino mass matrix, which is also related to particular arranges of the mixing matrix. The current precise determinations of neutrino mixings have discarded some of the most studied proposals, such as the one involving a $\mu-\tau$ exchange symmetry. In this work, we investigate the relation of a still allowed $\mu-\tau$ reflection symmetry with the constraints of a magic pattern in the neutrino mass matrix. We show that both conditions cannot be fulfilled simultaneously in an exact but rather in an approximate way. Such considerations are used to restrict the values of CP-violating phases and some observables, like the neutrinoless double beta decay amplitude and the solar angle, that can be explored with forthcoming results., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

Published
2024

8. Photonic Entanglement and Polarization Nonclassicality: Two Manifestations, One Nature

Author

Ares, Laura, Prasannan, Nidhin, Agudelo, Elizabeth, Luis, Alfredo, Brecht, Benjamin, Silberhorn, Christine, and Sperling, Jan

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate in theory and experiment the strict equivalence between nonclassical polarization and the entanglement of indistinguishable photons, thereby unifying these two phenomena that appear dissimilar at first sight. This allows us to analyze nonclassicality and multi-photon entanglement within the same framework. We experimentally verify this double-sided form of quantumness and its independence from the polarization basis, contrasting other notions of coherence that are highly basis-dependent. Our findings show how nonclassical polarization turns out to be equally resourceful for quantum protocols as entanglement, emphasizing its importance in practical applications.

Published
2024

9. Neurocognitive profiles are associated with subsequent brain integrity in a sample of Hispanics/Latinos: Findings from the SOL‐INCA‐MRI study (HCHS/SOL)

Author

Sapkota, Shraddha, Maillard, Pauline, Stickel, Ariana M, Tarraf, Wassim, Gonzalez, Kevin A, Ivanovic, Vladimir, Morlett‐Paredes, Alejandra, Cai, Jianwen, Isasi, Carmen R, Lipton, Richard B, Daviglus, Martha, Testai, Fernando Daniel, Lamar, Melissa, Gallo, Linda C, Talavera, Gregory A, Agudelo, Christian, Ramos, Alberto R, González, Hector M, and DeCarli, Charles

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Health Disparities, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegenerative, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Behavioral and Social Science, Minority Health, Alzheimer's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Prevention, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Biomedical Imaging, Aging, Neurosciences, Dementia, Brain Disorders, Mental health, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, aging, cognition, Hispanic, Latino, magnetic resonance imaging, neurodegeneration, Genetics, Biological psychology
Abstract

The Hispanic/Latino population is one of the largest and most diverse ethnoracial groups in the United States at high risk for dementia. We examined cognitive constructs and associations with subsequent hippocampal volume (HV) and white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV). Participants were from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos-Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (n = 2029). We examined confirmatory factor analysis and longitudinal invariance using neurocognitive scores at Visits 1 (2008-2011) and 2 (2014-2018) and path analyses. We obtained a longitudinally invariant two-factor episodic memory (EM) and working memory (WM) construct. Lower EM profile at both visits was associated with greater WMHV and smaller HV at Visit 2. Lower WM profile at both visits was associated with larger WMHV and smaller HV at Visit 2. Neurocognitive profiles were associated with subsequent neurodegeneration in a sample of Hispanics/Latinos. Identifying neurocognitive risk profiles may lead to early detection and intervention, and significantly impact the course of neurodegeneration.HighlightsCognitive profiles predict brain integrity up to 10 years later.We observed two-factor latent memory constructs and longitudinal invariance.These findings were observed in a Hispanic/Latino cohort.

Published
2024

14. Tuberculosis in otherwise healthy adults with inherited TNF deficiency

Author

Arias, Andrés A., Neehus, Anna-Lena, Ogishi, Masato, Meynier, Vincent, Krebs, Adam, Lazarov, Tomi, Lee, Angela M., Arango-Franco, Carlos A., Yang, Rui, Orrego, Julio, Corcini Berndt, Melissa, Rojas, Julian, Li, Hailun, Rinchai, Darawan, Erazo-Borrás, Lucia, Han, Ji Eun, Pillay, Bethany, Ponsin, Khoren, Chaldebas, Matthieu, Philippot, Quentin, Bohlen, Jonathan, Rosain, Jérémie, Le Voyer, Tom, Janotte, Till, Amarajeeva, Krishnajina, Soudée, Camille, Brollo, Marion, Wiegmann, Katja, Marquant, Quentin, Seeleuthner, Yoann, Lee, Danyel, Lainé, Candice, Kloos, Doreen, Bailey, Rasheed, Bastard, Paul, Keating, Narelle, Rapaport, Franck, Khan, Taushif, Moncada-Vélez, Marcela, Carmona, María Camila, Obando, Catalina, Alvarez, Jesús, Cataño, Juan Carlos, Martínez-Rosado, Larry Luber, Sanchez, Juan P., Tejada-Giraldo, Manuela, L’Honneur, Anne-Sophie, Agudelo, María L., Perez-Zapata, Lizet J., Arboleda, Diana M., Alzate, Juan Fernando, Cabarcas, Felipe, Zuluaga, Alejandra, Pelham, Simon J., Ensser, Armin, Schmidt, Monika, Velásquez-Lopera, Margarita M., Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, Puel, Anne, Krönke, Martin, Ghirardello, Stefano, Borghesi, Alessandro, Pahari, Susanta, Boisson, Bertrand, Pittaluga, Stefania, Ma, Cindy S., Emile, Jean-François, Notarangelo, Luigi D., Tangye, Stuart G., Marr, Nico, Lachmann, Nico, Salvator, Hélène, Schlesinger, Larry S., Zhang, Peng, Glickman, Michael S., Nathan, Carl F., Geissmann, Frédéric, Abel, Laurent, Franco, José Luis, Bustamante, Jacinta, Casanova, Jean-Laurent, and Boisson-Dupuis, Stéphanie

Published
2024
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15. CARACTERIZACIÓN FISICOQUÍMICA DE LA ZONA DE TRANSICIÓN ACUÁTICO TERRESTRE DE UN HUMEDAL TROPICAL (AYAPEL-COLOMBIA)

Author

Díaz-Mesa, Maria, Hernández, Esnedy, Agudelo, Diana M., Villegas, Nora E., Agudelo, Gabriel A., Herazo, Sergio E., Berrouet, Lina, Lozano, Laura M., Espinosa, Natalia, Puerta, Yarin T., Vélez, Fabio D.J., Aguirre, Néstor J., Quijano-Abril, Mario A., Rojas-Villa, José M., Cardona, Daniela, Salazar, Daniela, and Wills, Álvaro

Published
2024
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16. Exploiting sweet relief for preeclampsia by targeting autophagy-lysosomal machinery and proteinopathy.

Author

Huang, Zheping, Cheng, Shibin, Jash, Sukanta, Fierce, Jamie, Agudelo, Anthony, Higashiyama, Takanobu, Hanna, Nazeeh, Nakashima, Akitoshi, Saito, Shigeru, Schuster, Jessica, Sharma, Surendra, and Padbury, James

Subjects
Autophagy, Pre-Eclampsia, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Animals, Lysosomes, Trehalose, Mice, Trophoblasts, Placenta, Disease Models, Animal
Abstract

The etiology of preeclampsia (PE), a severe complication of pregnancy with several clinical manifestations and a high incidence of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, remains unclear. This issue is a major hurdle for effective treatment strategies. We recently demonstrated that PE exhibits an Alzheimer-like etiology of impaired autophagy and proteinopathy in the placenta. Targeting of these pathological pathways may be a novel therapeutic strategy for PE. Stimulation of autophagy with the natural disaccharide trehalose and its lacto analog lactotrehalose in hypoxia-exposed primary human trophoblasts restored autophagy, inhibited the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates, and restored the ultrastructural features of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Importantly, trehalose and lactotrehalose inhibited the onset of PE-like features in a humanized mouse model by normalizing autophagy and inhibiting protein aggregation in the placenta. These disaccharides restored the autophagy-lysosomal biogenesis machinery by increasing nuclear translocation of the master transcriptional regulator TFEB. RNA-seq analysis of the placentas of mice with PE indicated the normalization of the PE-associated transcriptome profile in response to trehalose and lactotrehalose. In summary, our results provide a novel molecular rationale for impaired autophagy and proteinopathy in patients with PE and identify treatment with trehalose and its lacto analog as promising therapeutic options for this severe pregnancy complication.

Published
2024

17. Multi-copy activation of genuine multipartite entanglement in continuous-variable systems

Author

Baksová, Klára, Leskovjanová, Olga, Mišta Jr., Ladislav, Agudelo, Elizabeth, and Friis, Nicolai

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Multi-copy activation of genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) is a phenomenon whereby multiple copies of biseparable but fully inseparable states can exhibit GME. This was shown to be generically possible in finite dimensions. Here, we extend this analysis to infinite dimensions. We provide examples of GME-activatable non-Gaussian states. For Gaussian states, we apply a necessary biseparability criterion for the covariance matrix and show that it cannot detect GME activation. We further identify fully inseparable Gaussian states that satisfy the criterion but show that multiple and, in some cases, even single copies are GME. Thus, we show that the covariance-matrix biseparability criterion is not sufficient even for Gaussian states., Comment: 5+8 pages, 2 figures; extended results

Published
2023

18. Assessing Online Readiness for a Professional Master's Degree Program in Agricultural Education

Author

Maria Mercedes Rossi, K. Dale Layfield, Joseph L. Donaldson, Ye Luo, and Paula Agudelo

Abstract

Online learning is one form of distance education mediated through information and communications technology. We used a descriptive research design to develop and validate a multidimensional instrument to assess readiness and motivations for online learning. We provided a theoretical framework to better understand the concept of readiness for online learning and motivations to learn online. We assessed the need for a professional online Master's degree in Agricultural Education from Clemson University and participants' experience with online learning. Participants in this study included 531 Cooperative Extension agents, Natural Resource Conservation Agency, Farm Service Agency employees, and School-based agricultural educators from South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia. Of those, 96 participants completed the open-ended question. The study findings revealed that the survey instrument is a valid and reliable tool. Most participants reported a tendency for self-directed learning as they indicated having higher learning expectations performances. Individuals who perceive themselves as capable of performing a specific task or behavior have high levels of self-efficacy. Participants expressed that distance from campus--no need to relocate, and flexibility were their primary motivators to enroll in online learning. Many prefer using asynchronous technologies since they provide a more convenient environment where they can work at their own pace and better balance their work and school responsibilities. Results may also suggest that participants who are motivated to pursue an online degree place a high value on being self-directed learners since they can plan, monitor, and evaluate their own learning process.

Published
2024
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22. Deep Learning for real-time neural decoding of grasp

Author

Viviani, Paolo, Gesmundo, Ilaria, Ghinato, Elios, Agudelo-Toro, Andres, Vercellino, Chiara, Vitali, Giacomo, Bergamasco, Letizia, Scionti, Alberto, Ghislieri, Marco, Agostini, Valentina, Terzo, Olivier, and Scherberger, Hansjörg

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

Neural decoding involves correlating signals acquired from the brain to variables in the physical world like limb movement or robot control in Brain Machine Interfaces. In this context, this work starts from a specific pre-existing dataset of neural recordings from monkey motor cortex and presents a Deep Learning-based approach to the decoding of neural signals for grasp type classification. Specifically, we propose here an approach that exploits LSTM networks to classify time series containing neural data (i.e., spike trains) into classes representing the object being grasped. The main goal of the presented approach is to improve over state-of-the-art decoding accuracy without relying on any prior neuroscience knowledge, and leveraging only the capability of deep learning models to extract correlations from data. The paper presents the results achieved for the considered dataset and compares them with previous works on the same dataset, showing a significant improvement in classification accuracy, even if considering simulated real-time decoding.

Published
2023
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23. IgM N-glycosylation correlates with COVID-19 severity and rate of complement deposition

Author

Ozonoff, Al, Ehrlich, Lauren IR, Melamed, Esther, Sesma, Ana Fernandez, Simon, Viviana, Pulendran, Bali, Nadeau, Kari C, Davis, Mark M, McCoey, Grace A, Sekaly, Rafick, Baden, Lindsey R, Levy, Ofer, Schaenman, Joanna, Reed, Elaine F, Shaw, Albert C, Hafler, David A, Montgomery, Ruth R, Kleinstein, Steven H, Becker, Patrice M, Augustine, Alison D, Calfee, Carolyn S, Erle, David J, DeBakey, Michael E, Corry, David B, Kheradmand, Farrah, Atkinson, Mark A, Brakenridge, Scott C, Higuita, Nelson I Agudelo, Metcalf, Jordan P, Hough, Catherine L, Messer, William B, Kraft, Monica, Bime, Chris, Peters, Bjoern, Milliren, Carly E, Syphurs, Caitlin, McEnaney, Kerry, Barton, Brenda, Lentucci, Claudia, Saluvan, Mehmet, Chang, Ana C, Hoch, Annmarie, Albert, Marisa, Shaheen, Tanzia, Kho, Alvin T, Liu, Shanshan, Thomas, Sanya, Chen, Jing, Murphy, Maimouna D, Cooney, Mitchell, Hayati, Arash Nemati, Bryant, Robert, Abraham, James, Jayavelu, Naresh Doni, Presnell, Scott, Jancsyk, Tomasz, Maguire, Cole, Qi, Jingjing, Lee, Brian, Fourati, Slim, Esserman, Denise A, Guan, Leying, Gygi, Jeremy, Pawar, Shrikant, Brito, Anderson, Fragiadakis, Gabriela K, Patel, Ravi, Overton, James A, Vita, Randi, Westendorf, Kerstin, Shannon, Casey P, Tebbutt, Scott J, Thyagarajan, Rama V, Rousseau, Justin F, Wylie, Dennis, Triplett, Todd A, Kojic, Erna, Chinthrajah, Sharon, Ahuja, Neera, Rogers, Angela J, Artandi, Maja, Geng, Linda, Yendewa, George, Powell, Debra L, Kim, James N, Simmons, Brent, Goonewardene, I Michael, Smith, Cecilia M, Martens, Mark, Sherman, Amy C, Walsh, Stephen R, Issa, Nicolas C, Salehi-Rad, Ramin, Dela Cruz, Charles, Farhadian, Shelli, Iwasaki, Akiko, Ko, Albert I, Anderson, Evan J, Mehta, Aneesh K, and Sevransky, Jonathan E

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Coronaviruses, Lung, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Inflammatory and immune system, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, COVID-19, Glycosylation, SARS-CoV-2, Glycosyltransferases, Complement System Proteins, Immunoglobulin M, IMPACC Network
Abstract

The glycosylation of IgG plays a critical role during human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, activating immune cells and inducing cytokine production. However, the role of IgM N-glycosylation has not been studied during human acute viral infection. The analysis of IgM N-glycosylation from healthy controls and hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients reveals increased high-mannose and sialylation that correlates with COVID-19 severity. These trends are confirmed within SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin N-glycan profiles. Moreover, the degree of total IgM mannosylation and sialylation correlate significantly with markers of disease severity. We link the changes of IgM N-glycosylation with the expression of Golgi glycosyltransferases. Lastly, we observe antigen-specific IgM antibody-dependent complement deposition is elevated in severe COVID-19 patients and modulated by exoglycosidase digestion. Taken together, this work links the IgM N-glycosylation with COVID-19 severity and highlights the need to understand IgM glycosylation and downstream immune function during human disease.

Published
2024

26. El Derecho a Internet: Caracterización de las Políticas Públicas Relativas al Acceso y la Conectividad del Internet como Política Social em el Valle de Aburrá a partir de los Entes Territoriales

Author

Andres F. Roncancio Bedoya, Santiago López Calle, Santiago Agudelo Taborda, and Cristian C. Carrillo Benítez

Subjects
right to the internet, public policies, territorial entities, constitutional principles, new technologies, Law, Law of nations, KZ2-6785
Abstract

[Purpose] The paper analyzes how municipalities, as decentralized entities, can develop public policies on Internet access as part of their social function, taking as a reference the territorial entities that make up the metropolitan area of the Aburrá Valley (Antioquia - Colombia). [Methodology] Research methods such as deduction, content analysis and comparative analysis, together with other documentary techniques, were used to approach the study from a qualitative and comparative law approach. [Findings] The study examines public policies on Internet access in the Aburrá Valley from 2008 to 2023, highlighting Medellín's leadership in this area. Although some municipalities have more modest advances and the lack of a specific regulatory framework, as in Caldas, limits the formulation of effective policies. In addition, the proactive response to the pandemic and the recognition of the digital divide as a social problem reflect a continued commitment to digital inclusion in the region.

Published
2024
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27. Revealing the burden of chronic kidney disease in Mexican women, 1990–2021

Author

Claudio A. Dávila-Cervantes and Marcela Agudelo-Botero

Subjects
Women, Chronic kidney disease, Burden of disease, Age-standardized rates, Mexico, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a concerning public health issue, affecting people regardless of their sex, age, or socioeconomic status. We aimed to analyze the burden of female CKD in Mexico between 1990 and 2021, expressed in terms of years lived with disability (YLDs), mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Additionally, we evaluated the relationship between DALYs and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and the Healthcare Access and Quality Index (HAQI). Methods Secondary data analysis from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021. We used mortality, years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs to analyze CKD in women between 1990 and 2021. We used a log-linear segmented regression model to analyze trends in female CKD DALY rates over time. The information was disaggregated by age groups and sub-causes nationally and across the 32 states. Age-standardized rates (ASR) were used. Results Between 1990 and 2021, the ASR mortality and ASR-DALYs due to CKD increased significantly at the national level. The DALYs are almost entirely explained by YLLs, indicating that a large proportion of women with CKD in Mexico die prematurely. Disparities in the burden of this disease were observed across different states and age groups within the country. In 2021, the highest ASR-DALY rate was recorded in Tabasco (1,972.0), while the lowest was in Sinaloa (865.1). The SDI and HAQI were associated with the CKD DALYs in most states. Conclusions Mexican women experience a significant burden due to CKD, reflected in premature deaths and years lived with disability, while disparities between states need to be addressed to reduce inequities. Over the past 32 years, improvements in socioeconomic indicators and the quality and access to healthcare have not contributed to reducing the DALYs rate due to CKD, indicating a need to redirect policies to impact women’s well-being and health positively.

Published
2024
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28. Oceanographical-driven dispersal and environmental variation explain genetic structure in an upwelling coastal ecosystem

Author

Lívia Peluso, Juan Faúndez, Sergio A. Navarrete, Bernardo R. Broitman, Christopher M. Aiken, and Pablo Saenz-Agudelo

Subjects
Seascape genetics, Scurria, Chile, Limpets, Southeastern Pacific, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract The seascape comprises multiple environmental variables that interact with species biology to determine patterns of spatial genetic variation. The environment imposes spatially variable selective forces together with homogenizing and diverging drivers that facilitate or restrict dispersal, which is a complex, time-dependent process. Understanding how the seascape influences spatial patterns of genetic variation remains elusive, particularly in coastal upwelling systems. Here, we combine genome-wide SNP data, Lagrangian larval dispersal simulated over a hydrodynamic model, and ocean environmental information to quantify the relative contribution of ocean circulation and environmental heterogeneity as drivers of the spatial genetic structure of two congeneric intertidal limpets, Scurria scurra and S. araucana, along the central coast of Chile. We find that a genetic break observed in both limpet species coincides with a break in connectivity shown by the Lagrangian dispersal, suggesting that mean ocean circulation is an important seascape feature, in particular for S. scurra. For S. araucana, environmental variation appears as a better predictor of genetic structure than ocean circulation. Overall, our study shows broad patterns of seascape forcing on genetic diversity and contributes to our understanding of the complex ecological and evolutionary interactions along coastal upwelling systems.

Published
2024
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29. The role of endothelial frequency in the cerebral blood flow control during neonatal asphyxia: a retrospective longitudinal study

Author

Sergio Agudelo-Pérez, Gloria Troncoso, Cristian Muños Diaz, Juan David Botero-Machado, Daniel Alfonso Botero-Rosas, and Eduardo Tuta-Quintero

Subjects
Endothelial frequency, Hypoxia, Brain, Therapeutic hypothermia, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Abstract Background Cerebral blood flow dynamics can be explored through analysis of endothelial frequencies. Our hypothesis posits a disparity in endothelial activity among neonates with perinatal asphyxia, stratified by the presence or absence of neuronal lesions. Methods We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study involving newborns treated with hypothermia for moderate to severe asphyxia. Participants were grouped based on the presence or absence of neuronal damage to investigate temporal endothelial involvement in cerebral blood flow regulation. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and temporal series were analyzed in the frequency domain, utilizing the original frequency of the INVOS™ device. Results The study included 88 patients, with 53% (47/88) being male and 33% (29/88) demonstrating brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. Among them, 86% (76/88) had a gestational age exceeding 37 weeks according to the Ballard scale, and 81% (71/88) had a birth weight exceeding 2500 g. Cohen’s d effect size was calculated to assess differences in endothelial frequency between groups, indicating a small effect size based on cerebral MRI findings (Cohen’s d values for Day 2 = 0.2351 and Day 3 = 0.2325). Conclusion NIRS represents a valuable tool for monitoring cerebral autoregulation in neonates affected by perinatal asphyxia, underscoring the utility of assessing endothelial frequency or energy on rScO2 measured by NIRS using the original INVOS™ device frequency.

Published
2024
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30. Essays on Higher Education

Author

Alejandra Montoya Agudelo

Abstract

In this dissertation, I quantify the impact of uncertainty on schooling postsecondary choices, study the returns to higher education degrees, and analyze the effects of policies that intend to reduce college education costs. In the second and third chapters, I employ structural Roy models and data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to analyze postsecondary schooling decisions, focusing on four- and two-year college paths. These models have three sources of unobserved heterogeneity affecting earnings and decisions: cognitive, socioemotional, and mechanical latent abilities. The second chapter employs a dynamic Roy model to quantify the impact of uncertainty when making postsecondary schooling. While schooling choices maximize expected value, some individuals opt for alternatives that, in hindsight, do not yield the highest ex-post net value due to idiosyncratic shocks affecting earnings and schooling costs that are unknown when decisions are made. This uncertainty generates significant losses: I estimate that aggregate net value would increase by 11% if individuals had perfect foresight. Moreover, I study how decisions would change under perfect foresight and characterize individuals more likely to be affected by uncertainty. I also explore policy simulations to study the effects of an annual two-year college $16,500 subsidy, including the characterization of compliers--those more likely to attain a two-year college degree because of the subsidy. The third chapter analyzes the interplay of observed and unobserved dimensions as determinants of marginal treatment effect (MTEs) through decomposition analysis. We posit a static Roy model with unordered schooling choices. We focus on MTEs as they shape other treatment effects and capture the impact for those responding to minimal incentives. Additionally, we estimate the model separately for women and men, focusing on describing how responses and treatment effects vary between these two groups. We find different ability distributions and returns to ability for women and men. Moreover, we document how different observed characteristics and ability dimensions play different roles in determining the heterogeneity observed in MTEs across both groups. The last chapter investigates the impact of financial aid programs on high-quality private colleges' decisions, leveraging exogenous variation from a large-scale aid program in Colombia, where beneficiaries could only enroll at high-quality colleges. Using a difference-in-differences strategy and data for all private colleges in the country, we find that tuition increased by about 6.9 percent after the government launched the aid policy. We contribute to the literature by analyzing the effect of financial aid programs on tuition for high-quality universities and studying how universities might change other outcomes beyond tuition in response to the policy. We show universities hire more faculty members, keep the student-to-faculty constant, and open new undergraduate programs. Our findings support a narrative where prestigious colleges prioritize their reputation, opting for gradual expansion without compromising quality. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2024

31. Study of Zero-Knowledge protocols and Elliptic Curve Cryptography and their implementation in Smart Card environments using Java Card

Author

Serna, Carlos Andres Agudelo

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

This paper studies the problem of Zero-Knowledge Protocol (ZKP) and elliptic curve cryptographic implementation in a computationally limited environment, such as, the smart cards, using Java Card. Besides that, it is explained how the zero-knowledge protocol was selected to implement it on a smart card and how the benchmarking was conducted to select this protocol. The paper also shows a theoretical development to implement the ZKP protocol using elliptic curve cryptography. Keywords: Authentication; Zero-knowledge; Cryptography; Elliptic Curve; Java card; Smart cards, Comment: 16 pages, in Spanish

Published
2023

32. Addressing Knowledge Leakage Risk caused by the use of mobile devices in Australian Organizations

Author

Serna, Carlos Andres Agudelo, Bosua, Rachelle, Maynard, Sean B., and Ahmad, Atif

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

Information and knowledge leakage has become a significant security risk to Australian organizations. Each security incident in Australian business cost an average US$\$$2.8 million. Furthermore, Australian organisations spend the second most worldwide (US$\$$1.2 million each on average) on investigating and assessing information breaches. The leakage of sensitive organizational information occurs through different avenues, such as social media, cloud computing and mobile devices. In this study, we (1) analyze the knowledge leakage risk (KLR) caused by the use of mobile devices in knowledge-intensive Australian organizations, (2) present a conceptual research model to explain the determinants that influence KLR through the use of mobile devices grounded in the literature, (3) conduct interviews with security and knowledge managers to understand what strategies they use to mitigate KLR caused by the use of mobile devices and (4) use content analysis and the conceptual model to frame the preliminary findings from the interviews. Keywords: Knowledge leakage, mobile devices, mobile contexts, knowledge leakage risk, Comment: Pages 14. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1606.01450

Published
2023

33. Towards a knowledge leakage Mitigation framework for mobile Devices in knowledge-intensive Organizations

Author

Serna, Carlos Andres Agudelo, Bosua, Rachelle, Ahmad, Atif, and Maynard, Sean B.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks
Abstract

The use of mobile devices in knowledge-intensive organizations while effective and cost-efficient also pose a challenging management problem. Often employees whether deliberately or inadvertently are the cause of knowledge leakage in organizations and the use of mobile devices further exacerbates it. This problem is the result of overly focusing on technical controls while neglecting human factors. Knowledge leakage is a multidimensional problem, and in this paper, we highlight the different dimensions that constitute it. In this study, our contributions are threefold. First, we study knowledge leakage risk (KLR) within the context of mobile devices in knowledge-intensive organizations in Australia. Second, we present a conceptual framework to explain and categorize the mitigation strategies to combat KLR through the use of mobile devices grounded in the literature. And third, we apply the framework to the findings from interviews with security and knowledge managers. Keywords: Knowledge Leakage, Knowledge Risk, Knowledge intensive, Mobile device., Comment: 22 pages, ECIS full paper 2018

Published
2023

34. Mitigating the Risk of Knowledge Leakage in Knowledge Intensive Organizations: a Mobile Device Perspective

Author

Serna, Carlos Andres Agudelo

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

In the current knowledge economy, knowledge represents the most strategically significant resource of organizations. Knowledge-intensive activities advance innovation and create and sustain economic rent and competitive advantage. In order to sustain competitive advantage, organizations must protect knowledge from leakage to third parties, particularly competitors. However, the number and scale of leakage incidents reported in news media as well as industry whitepapers suggests that modern organizations struggle with the protection of sensitive data and organizational knowledge. The increasing use of mobile devices and technologies by knowledge workers across the organizational perimeter has dramatically increased the attack surface of organizations, and the corresponding level of risk exposure. While much of the literature has focused on technology risks that lead to information leakage, human risks that lead to knowledge leakage are relatively understudied. Further, not much is known about strategies to mitigate the risk of knowledge leakage using mobile devices, especially considering the human aspect. Specifically, this research study identified three gaps in the current literature (1) lack of in-depth studies that provide specific strategies for knowledge-intensive organizations based on their varied risk levels. Most of the analysed studies provide high-level strategies that are presented in a generalised manner and fail to identify specific strategies for different organizations and risk levels. (2) lack of research into management of knowledge in the context of mobile devices. And (3) lack of research into the tacit dimension of knowledge as the majority of the literature focuses on formal and informal strategies to protect explicit (codified) knowledge., Comment: The University of Melbourne PhD Thesis

Published
2023

35. Guarding the Guardians: Automated Analysis of Online Child Sexual Abuse

Author

Puentes, Juanita, Castillo, Angela, Osejo, Wilmar, Calderón, Yuly, Quintero, Viviana, Saldarriaga, Lina, Agudelo, Diana, and Arbeláez, Pablo

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Online violence against children has increased globally recently, demanding urgent attention. Competent authorities manually analyze abuse complaints to comprehend crime dynamics and identify patterns. However, the manual analysis of these complaints presents a challenge because it exposes analysts to harmful content during the review process. Given these challenges, we present a novel solution, an automated tool designed to analyze children's sexual abuse reports comprehensively. By automating the analysis process, our tool significantly reduces the risk of exposure to harmful content by categorizing the reports on three dimensions: Subject, Degree of Criminality, and Damage. Furthermore, leveraging our multidisciplinary team's expertise, we introduce a novel approach to annotate the collected data, enabling a more in-depth analysis of the reports. This approach improves the comprehension of fundamental patterns and trends, enabling law enforcement agencies and policymakers to create focused strategies in the fight against children's violence., Comment: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Recovery (HADR) workshop, ICCV 2023 in Paris, France

Published
2023

36. Characterization of the presidential inauguration speech and identification of political communities in Colombia: An empirical approach from the analysis of social networks

Author

Luque, Carolina, Agudelo, Isabella, Leal, Kevin, and Sosa, Juan

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

Statistical analysis of social networks is a predominant methodology in political science research. In this article we implement network methods to characterize the presidential inauguration speech and identify political communities in Colombia. We propose an empirical approach to analize the discursive structure of the heads of state and the configuration of alliance and work relationships between prominent figures of Colombian politics. Thus, we implement network methods from two perspectives, words and political actors. We conclude on the relevance of social network statistics to identify frequent and important terms in the communicative action of president figures, and to examine cohesion such discourses. Finally, we distinguish notable actors in the consolidation of working relationships and alliances as well as political communities., Comment: in Spanish language

Published
2023

37. Colombian surgical outcomes study insights on perioperative mortality rate, a main indicator of the lancet commission on global surgery – a prospective cohort studyResearch in context

Author

Carlos J. Pérez Rivera, Nicolás Lozano-Suárez, Alejandro Velandia-Sánchez, Maria Paula Vargas-Cuellar, Luisa Fernanda Rojas-Serrano, Camilo A. Polanía-Sandoval, Daniela Lara-Espinosa, Laura García-Zambrano, Maria Paz Bohórquez-Tarazona, Silvia Valentina Agudelo-Mendoza, Paulo A. Cabrera-Rivera, Leonardo Briceno-Ayala, Camilo Andres Polania-Sandoval, María Paula Vargas-Cuéllar, Paulo Andrés Cabrera-Rivera, Danna Cruz-Reyes, Juan Guillermo Barrera Carvajal, Luis Felipe Cabrera-Vargas, Oscar Guevara, Laura Cristina Arce Polania, Laura Natalia Buendía Barrios, María Isabel Cristina Camargo Areyanes, Felipe Casas, Valeria Cormane Alfaro, Juan P. García-Méndez, Bayron Guerra, Sharon V. Idarraga-Ayala, Akram Kadamani Abiyomaa, Christopher Montoya, Manuel Santiago Mosquera Paz, María Alejandra Pineda, Juliana Pinzón-Luna, Isabella Roa Bastidas, Carlos Fernando Roman Ortega, Juan D. Saavedra Henao, Laura Carolina SanJuan-Arias, Vanessa Barreto, Julian Corso, Mariana Maksoud-Garcia, Eliana Pineda Mateus, Alejandra Vega Zabaraín, Fabien Mantilla-Sylvain, Nicolas Perez, Sergio Alzate-Ricaurte, Monica Bejarano, Isabella Caicedo Holguin, Alberto Federico García, Stefania Rodriguez Sanchez, Felipe Bernal Santos, Carlos Luna Jaspe, Maria Camila Luna-Jaspe Roa, Maria Paula OLIVERA Bolívar, MariaFernanda Valdivieso Diaz, Yuli Agudelo, Maria Paula Castillo-Aristizábal, Juan Pablo Hoyos Burgos, Maria Clara Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Gabriel Arroyave, Felipe Buitrago Preciado, Lina María Cardona González, Juan Camilo Correa-Cote, Karen Lorena Franco Arias, Juan Felipe Llano Sierra, Gustavo López, Cesar Mancero, Sebastian Parra, Beatriz Ramirez Gonzalez, Daniela Sierra, Maria Camila Amaya Muñoz, Ashley Blanco-Ramírez, Paul Anthony Camacho, Jorge Campillo, Andrea Ximena Carvajal Mejia, María Alejandra González Yamil, Juan Carlos Osorno Villegas, Eduardo Rubio, Santiago Sánchez Herrera, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Tatiana Agudelo, Valentina Andrade, Laura Arango Pérez, Anibal Ariza-Gutiérrez, Jacobo Berrio, Natalia Cantillo Torres, Maria Valeria Chamorro-Rodríguez, Lucia Conde, Oscar Hernando Feo Lee, María Camila González Nieto, Laura Cecilia Ibañez-Pintor, Catalina Ochoa, Juan Ospina, Juan José Pérez-Ocampo, Esteban Portilla Rojas, Daniela Saaibi Rey, Eduardo Serrano, Sharon Michelle Solorza Velásquez, Angélica María Toro Cubides, Raúl Aguiar, Diego Armando Beltrán Rincón, Juan Sebastian Figueroa, Rafael Figueroa-Casanova, Maria Fernanda Gonzalez Mosos, Marcia Gabriela Gómez, Susana Osorno, Laura Laura Palacio, Jose Venegas, Liliana Marcela Caicedo Ramírez, Diana Catalina Cardona Gomez, Daniel Alejandro Fernandez Bolaños, Adriana Fernández-Diago, Victor David Olave Montaño, César Pastás, Silvia Marcela Amorocho, Jorge Barbosa-Santibañez, Vladimir Baron, Alejandra Cartagena-Alvarado, Maria Castillo, Maria Carolina Castillo-Florez, Omar David Dimian Mayorga, Elena Leonor Delgado-Nieto, Ernesto Fajardo, Omar Leonardo Gomez Polania, Tania Gonzalez, Daniel Felipe Guzman Mesa, Andres Isaza-Restrepo, Jaime A. Leal, Camilo Medina, Jorge Navarro-Alean, Maria Antonia Ocampo, Guillermo Oliveros, Maria Ortiz, Jorge I. Ortiz-Mahecha, Katherine Parra Abaunza, Felipe Antonio Pulido Reyes, Natalia Rivera-Rincón, Carlos Alfonso Rodriguez Pinedo, Lizeth Rodriguez Sanchez, Juan Javier Romero, Juan Carlos Sabogal Olarte, Javier Mauricio Salgado Tovar, Guillermo Andrés Torres, Linda Vallejo, Felipe Vargas-Barato, Ana María Vargas Patiño, Juan Pablo Villate León, Miguel Angel Montañez Aldana, Chiara Norato, Hugo Rojas Borda, Miguel Á Romero Núñez, Alejandro Sánchez, Jose Támara López, Jose Támara P, Wilmer Fernando Botache Capera, Rolando Medina Rojas, Juan Torres, Gina Catalina Trujillo, Gabriela Estefanía Cubillos Saavedra, Francisco García-Laverde, Jussef Camilo Naffah Enciso, Julian Arango Betancur, Adriana Cortés-Coronado, Susana Sepúlveda Tamayo, Valentina Arboleda Cardenas, Luis Guillermo García-Barrero, Jhonatan Enrique Garzón-Galindo, Lina Fernanda Torres Parada, Alejandro Arias Quintero, David Cano, Kevin Fernando Montoya Quintero, Santiago Nieto Muñoz, Paula Saza Mejía, Jesus David Gomez Barrios, María Angélica Jimeno, Ghandi Ignacio Restrepo Hernandez, Adrian Rodríguez-Sequea, Juan Carlos Varón Cotes, Hanner Enrique Acevedo Reyes, Claudia Marcela Barandica Bolaño, Maria Camila Sierra-Cote, Laura Daniela Angarita Vargas, Alix Yurany Báez Ramírez, Jose Armando Rodriguez Suarez, David Leonardo Sánchez, Silvia Natalia Sandoval Rangel, Edwin Ulloa Hurtado, Olga Esther Hernández Almanza, Rosalba Inmaculada Martínez Zubiria, Angel Alexis Muegues Salas, Diego Alexander Becerra Cardona, Fabio Hernán Cárdenas Santamaría, Juan Daniel Echeverri Castaño, Juan Sebastián Echeverri Uribe, María Helena Gaitán Buitrago, Luis Felipe Galvis Valencia, Andrea Henao Sabogal, David Felipe López Atehortúa, Juan Manuel Molina Uribe, Edwin Enrique Peñate Suárez, Heiller Torres Valencia, Marcela Velásquez Salazar, Catalina Correa, Hans García, Juan Hernández Leal, Paula Tatiana Muñoz Vargas, Dínimo José Bolívar Sáenz, Camilo Andrés Caicedo Medina, Camilo Andres Garcia Riaño, Stephanye Carrillo Gonzalez, Jaime Lorduy Gómez, Carlos Torres Madrid, Walter Torres Villa, Juan Sebastian Luengas Orozco, Camilo Avendaño Capriles, Carolina Diaz Blanco, Maria Lucía Brieva Hoyos, Paola Andrea Cantillo Moreno, Sofía Carolina Granados Mendoza, José Dario Vizcaino Lara, Karla Lizeth Babativa Peñuela, Paula Andrea Jiménez Bahamón, Jhonier Estiven Maldonado Rico, Duvan Ernesto Martínez Cortes, José Alfredo Orjuela Aragón, Lizeth Daniela Castro Roa, Julieth Sarmiento Gallego, Marta Maria Herazo Meza, Anlly Caterin Hernández Castillo, Rosa Gabriela Rojas Moncada, Lucia Fernanda Casanova Bermeo, Oscar Fernando Cortés Otero, Nicolás Diaz Pinilla, Harrison Rene Herrera Delgado, Simon Alberto Macías Segura, David Ramiro Muñoz Castrillón, Luis Ramiro Nuñez Romero, Cesar Andrés Polania Andrade, Hector Alejandro Valdez Toro, Ana María Cardozo Parrado, Jose Gonzalo Moros, Paula Andrea Nieto, Jorge Mario Patarroyo, Jose Luis Perilla Martínez, María del Pilar Torres Gutierrez, Erika Johana Benito Flórez, Mariana Vergel Gómez, Diana Ximena Robayo Rodriguez, Diego Fernando Salcedo Miranda, Maria Alejandra Triviño Cortés, William Baquero Sastre, Juan Sebastian Bonett, Eliana Cortes, Pedro Fernando Duque, Carlos Enrique Gutierrez, Piedad Echeverry, Andrés Felipe Motta Amar, Lorena Torres, Jeremias Carvajal Bautista, David Mauricio Figueroa Bohórquez, Manuel Latorre Quintana, Diego Fernando Olivera Briñez, Marcel Leonardo Quintero Contreras, Raúl Vera Gamboa, Mariana Arias Zapata, Cristhian Daniel Benavides Caipe, Luisa Fernanda Betancur Acevedo, Valentina Botero Zuluaga, Vanessa Figueroa-Espinoza, Arbey Leandro Londoño-Patiño, Santiago Moncayo-Gonzalez, Laura Sofia Puerta Suárez, Paula Camila Vargas-Arboleda, Lisbet Sofia Gonzalez Cera, Katerine Henao Toro, Leobardo de Jesus Ortiz Pino, Sergio Andrés Vasquez Vargas, Lency Naranjo Zuluaga, Jaime Chamorro Garzón, Adriana Paola Franco Rodriguez, Nataly Johana Acosta Alape, Andrés Felipe Arbelaez Mariño, Juan José Mora Herrera, Javier Felipe Ayala Muñoz, Yeiny Carina Camacho Pinzon, José Francisco Cárdenas Chacón, Liliana Andrea Peña Arenas, Gustavo Adolfo Rodriguez Camargo, Carlos Alberto Sánchez Arango, Daniel Mauricio Bolaños Ñañez, Diana Sofía Garcés-Palacios, María Alejandra Ñañez Pantoja, Omar Alejandro Ortega-Valencia, María Paula Gamboa Bernal, Juan David Lotero Gómez, Juan Sebastián Martínez-Gutiérrez, Daniel Morales-Gómez, Lina Pardo-Jiménez, Leon Miguel Fonseca Galindo, Angélica Maria Garcia Ramirez, Juan David Saurith Ramirez, Ivan Ricardo Barrero Montoya, Santiago Cadena Espitia, Salomé Pallares Rojas, Laura Camila Zapata Berrio, Diana Andrea Benavides Rodríguez, Juan Carlos Gonzalez, Sharon Valentina Idarraga, Óscar Eduardo Márquez Rodríguez, Ivi Yohana Marrugo Prieto, Laura Vanessa Soledad Machado, Rubén Luna, Nicolás Navarro Pulido, Federico Javier Nuñez Ricardo, Andrea Elena García López, Fernando Girón Luque, Nasly Patiño Jaramillo, Néstor Fabian Pedraza Alonso, Javier Yecid Acuña Acuña Rivera JY, Oscar Alexander Guevara Cruz, Juan Sebastián Martínez Buitrago, Nathalia Montoya Oviedo, Marcia Roxana Santafe Guerrero, Juanita Carolina Chaves Cortés, Francisco Mauricio Rincón Tello, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Nicolas Andres Cortes Mejia, Camilo Ernesto Garzon Mesa, Alejandra Moncada Pabon, Diego Rymel Triviño Alvarez, Alonso Vera Torres, Maria Alejandra Cote Martinez, Juan Manuel Machado Rodriguez, Gonzalo Nuñez Martinez, Laura Naranjo Osuna, Andres Felipe Roldan Garay, Daniel Amado, Jaime Camacho-Mackenzie, Maria Ceballos Mora, Sara Cifuentes-Navarrete, Andrea Donoso-Samper, Manuel A. Ferro, Juan C. Gómez-Cáceres, Sebastián Gómez-Galán, Ana G. Leiva, Juan Lisarazo, Maria G. López-Castaño, Sofía Martínez-Gil, M.J. Montoya, Santiago Niño-Basto, Sergio Andrés Ortigoza-Espitia, Gustavo Páez, Jesús William Ramos-Anaya, María J. Rozo, Juan P. Umana, Andres Motta Amar, Andrés Felipe Barrera Vargas, Javier Dario Maldonado Escalante, German Ricardo Molina Marroquin, and Silvia Alejandra Prada Lievano

Subjects
Global health, Public health, Surgery, Health policy, Hospital mortality, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: Surgical care holds significant importance in healthcare, especially in low and middle-income countries, as at least 50% of the 4.2 million deaths within the initial 30 days following surgery take place in these countries. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery proposed six indicators to enhance surgical care. In Colombia, studies have been made using secondary data. However, strategies to reduce perioperative mortality have not been implemented. This study aims to describe the fourth indicator, perioperative mortality rate (POMR), with primary data in Colombia. Methods: A multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted across 54 centres (hospitals) in Colombia. Each centre selected a 7-day recruitment period between 05/2022 and 01/2023. Inclusion criteria involved patients over 18 years of age undergoing surgical procedures in operating rooms. Data quality was ensured through a verification guideline and statistical analysis using mixed-effects multilevel modelling with a case mix analysis of mortality by procedure-related, patient-related, and hospital-related conditions. Findings: 3807 patients were included with a median age of 48 (IQR 32–64), 80.3% were classified as ASA I or II, and 27% of the procedures had a low-surgical complexity. Leading procedures were Orthopedics (19.2%) and Gynaecology/Obstetrics (17.7%). According to the Clavien–Dindo scale, postoperative complications were distributed in major complications (11.7%, 10.68–12.76) and any complication (31.6%, 30.09–33.07). POMR stood at 1.9% (1.48–2.37), with elective and emergency surgery mortalities at 0.7% (0.40–1.23) and 3% (2.3–3.89) respectively. Interpretation: The POMR was higher than the ratio reported in previous national studies, even when patients had a low–risk profile and low-complexity procedures. The present research represents significant public health progress with valuable insights for national decision-makers to improve the quality of surgical care. Funding: This work was supported by Universidad del Rosario and Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología grant number CTO-057-2021, project-ID IV-FGV017.

Published
2024
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38. Exploring psychosocial factors influencing sexually transmitted infection intention testing among medical students: a cross-sectional study in two universities

Author

Valentina Loaiza-Guevara, María Alejandra Gómez Acosta, Angie Valeria Aguirre Álvarez, Valentina Agudelo Martínez, María Camila Montes Montoya, Alexandra Agudelo Ramírez, and Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy

Subjects
perceptions, previous experiences, psychosocial factors, sexually transmitted infections, medical students, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundDespite the significant global burden of sexually transmitted infections (STI), detection rates are poor. Acceptance of these tests is influenced by several factors that have not been explored among Colombian medical students.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the behaviors and psychosocial factors toward STI screening among medical students of two universities in Pereira, Colombia, between March and June 2020.MethodsAn observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 284 medical students in the first 3 years of undergraduate at two universities. An online, self-administered survey was conducted between March 2020 and June 2020, using an instrument from the “STI Testing Questionnaire,” to assess behaviors and psychosocial factors toward STI testing. Frequencies and percentages were used for descriptive analysis. The association between characteristics and psychosocial factors with STI testing intention was obtained using a logistic regression model. A p-value

Published
2024
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43. The experience of launching a psychological hotline across 21 countries to support Ukrainians in wartime

Author

Palii, Valeriia, Velykodna, Mariana, Pereira, Marcio, McElvaney, Rosaleen, Bernard, Sam, Klymchuk, Vitalii, Burlachuk, Oleg, Lupis, Alexander A., Diatel, Nadiia, Ireland, Jane L., McNeill, Kimberley, Scarlet, Janina L., Jaramillo-Sierra, Ana L., Khoury, Bassam, Sánchez Munar, Diana Rocio, Hedlund, Sarah L., Flanagan, Tara, LeBlanc, Jeanne, Agudelo Velez, Diana Maria, and Gómez-Maquet, Yvonne

Published
2024
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