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Proteases are the most commercialized enzymes and are widely used in industrial processes, especially in the dairy industry. Cheese production is increasing disproportionately to the availability of calf rennet, the main coagulant used in this process. In addition to the cost of rennet, there is also a religious and dietary objection to the use of calf proteases. An alternative is the production of microbial enzymes via solid state fermentation (SSF), which uses agroindustrial residues as a source of nutrients and substrate. To obtain proteases with milk-clotting activity, Pycnoporus sanguineus was produced via SSF using agroindustrial residue wheat bran as the culture medium. Caseinolytic activity and maximum enzyme production were obtained after 96 h of cultivation. The protease was identified as a chymotrypsin-like serine protease after testing it against specific substrates and inhibitors. The protease from P. sanguineus had a specific activity of 741.3 U mg−1 and was able to coagulate reconstituted skim milk and whole milk, with and without the addition of calcium. Coagulation was affected by time, temperature, and calcium and enzyme concentrations. Therefore, we describe herein for the first time a protease obtained from P. sanguineus, a chymotrypsin-like serine protease with milk-clotting activity that has potential applications in the dairy industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Amylases, crucial in various industries such as food, textile, and biofuels, require optimized production and biochemical characterization. Thus, this study aimed to produce amylases from Rhizopus sp. I 1.2.1, characterize the cultivation conditions and the synthesized enzyme. The fungus was molecularly identified with 99.06% homology in the LSU gene, 98.08% identity in the ITS region, and placed phylogenetically closer to Rhizopus arrhizus CBS 112,07. The LSU gene and ITS region sequences were deposited in GenBank. The CP medium was optimal for amylase production by Rhizopus arrhizus, with peak activity on the 6th day. Supplementation with urea significantly increased amylolytic activity by 110-fold. CP salts outperformed other salts in enzyme production, achieving a maximum amylase activity of 15.5 U/ml. The pH 6.0 was optimal for amylase production, with higher specific activity at pH 5.0. Pumpkin peel and pineapple peel were the best carbon sources for amylase production with an amylolytic activity of 18 and 16 U/mL, respectively. The amylase production showed a significant increase when pineapple peel was used in the presence of glucose 0.5% showing an activity of 22.4 U/mL, representing a 1.5- and 1.6-fold increase over the control. The optimal reaction of the amylase was observed at pH 6.0 and 60 °C. The enzyme remained stable for 240 minutes at 50-55 °C and at pH 4.0-7.0. Amylase was inhibited by glucose concentration and certain salts, but EDTA and K2SO4 increased activity by 25%. These results suggest industrial potential based on residual carbon source use, cultivation conditions, and crude enzyme stability.

This work conducted an experimental study on the sorption characteristics of seven activated carbons from agroindustrial origin. Activated carbons derived from spent-coffee ground, orange peel, sugarcane bagasse, cedar sawdust, agave bagasse, coconut shell, and citric residue have been prepared with phosphoric acid activation and subsequent carbonization. The obtained materials were characterized using FTIR, SEM, EDS, Boehm potentiometric titration, and PZC measurements. Once the samples were characterized, the sorption of anionic and cationic model molecules was studied using kinetic models and compared to density functional theory calculations. The understanding of the surface characteristics of activated carbons allowed to describe and correlate the adsorption behavior of anionic and cationic model molecules. According to FTIR spectroscopy and Boehm titration results, the surface of the activated carbon substrates has acidic and basic oxygenated functional groups. Adsorption experiments were carried out to compare the sorption of two model molecules: methylene blue and methyl orange as cationic and anionic species, respectively, under near neutral pH, very acidic for methyl orange, and very basic for methylene blue, based on the corresponding pKa. Molecular modeling using DFT was also used to calculate adsorption Gibbs' free energies for sorption reactions between the model molecules and the oxygenated functional groups. Almost all the free energies were negative which means that adsorption interactions are thermodynamically favorable. As expected for adsorption processes, in all cases, the enthalpic contribution dominated the entropic one. In addition, it is shown that the predominating interactions are H-bonding and π-π interactions. Methylene blue uptakes range from 0.026 mmol/g for graphite to 0.121 mmol/g for coconut shell carbon that corresponds to 24.8% and 100% removal, respectively. Increasing the methylene blue's pH from 6.6 to 12 raised the cationic molecule uptake by ~ 30%. Furthermore, the coconut shell also removes the higher amount of methyl orange, near 99% at neutral and low pH. Citric residue does not adsorb methyl orange at neutral pH whereas at acidic conditions (pH = 3), it adsorbs 0.011 mmol/g (11% removal); in general, methyl orange adsorption was slightly lower than that of methylene blue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The bioconversion of porungo cheese whey to produce β-galactosidase in batch system was studied. The whey released after curd cutting and precipitation during porungo cheese production was collected in borosilicate flasks. Two strains of Kluyveromyces marxianus, CCT 4086 and CBS 6556, and whey supplementation with different nitrogen sources were evaluated. Different temperatures (30 °C and 37 °C) and pH values (5.0 to 7.0) were investigated to establish the best conditions for enzyme production. The highest enzymatic activity was obtained by K. marxianus CCT 4086 in porungo cheese whey supplemented with yeast extract (16.73 U mL-1). K. marxianus CCT 4086 produced superior β-galactosidase activity when compared to CBS 6556 for all media tested (ranging from 11.69 to 14.40 U mL-1). Highest β-galactosidase activity was reached under conditions of pH 7.0 and 30 °C using K. marxianus CCT 4086 in the better media composition. The lowest enzymatic activity was observed at 37 °C for all pH values tested (10.69 U mL-1 to 13.94 U mL-1) and a highest β-galactosidase activity was reached in pH 7.0 for both two temperatures (11.42 to 15.93 U mL-1). Porungo cheese whey shows potential for industrial β-galactosidase production by microbial fermentation.

Gastrointestinal mucositis is a serious and dose-limiting toxic side effect of oncologic treatment. Interruption of cancer treatment due to gastrointestinal mucositis leads to a significant decrease in cure rates and consequently to the deterioration of a patient's quality of life. Natural polysaccharides show a variety of beneficial effects, including a gastroprotective effect. Treatment with soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) biomass residues protected the gastric and intestinal mucosa in models of gastrointestinal injury. In this study, we investigated the protective therapeutic effect of SDF on 5-FU-induced mucositis in male and female mice. Oral treatment of the animals with SDF did not prevent weight loss but reduced the disease activity index and preserved normal intestinal function by alleviating diarrhea and altered gastrointestinal transit. SDF preserved the length of the colon and histological damage caused by 5-FU. SDF significantly restored the oxidative stress and inflammation in the intestine and the enlargement and swelling of the spleen induced by 5-FU. In conclusion, SDF may be a promising adjuvant strategy for the prevention and treatment of intestinal mucositis induced by 5-FU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigación Agraria is the property of Investigacion Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The incorporation of tannin in bio‐composite biodegradable thermoset materials (BTM) based on poly (lactic acid), starch, sugarcane fiber, and nutrient compounds, to achieve an alternative material for conventional plastics processed by injection molding aiming environmental applications was investigated. The biodegradation of injection molded BTM dog‐bone shape specimens prepared with and without incorporation of 1% tannin extract was evaluated up to 60 days with overall characterization by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform–infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer, and X‐ray diffraction. The BTM produced with 1% tannin showed reduced molding defects with an increased productivity of up to 82%, improved mechanical properties and reduced biodegradation of samples buried in an organic substrate. Based on physicochemical characterization, the observed delay in biodegradation of BTM induced by tannin is suggested to result from its tight interaction with the starch and lignocellulosic fibers, acting as antimicrobial agent and reducing the hydrophilicity of blends. Natural polyphenols such as tannins are suitable additives to improve the processability of injection molded bio‐composites and to extend the lifetime of biodegradable materials subjected to contact with high microbial load substrates, such as pots and buckets used to grow plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agroindustrial wastes are generated daily and seem to be rich in bioactive molecules. Thus, they can potentially be used as source of compounds able to control bacterial biofilms. We investigated the potential of extracts from the residues of rice and grape to combat clinically important bacterial biofilms. Extracts of grape pomace and rice bran were obtained using different extractive methodologies and subjected to the evaluation of its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. After the in vivo toxicity, the chemical characterization of the most promising extract was assessed. The mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of dipeptides, alkaloids and phenolic compounds. Most grape extracts presented antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. The hydromethanolic grape pomace extract obtained by ultrasound assisted extraction (MeOH 80 UAE) presented the most promising activity, being able to inhibit in 99 % and 80 % the biofilm formation of S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa , respectively. Against the gram-negative model, this extract eradicated the biofilm by 80 %, induced the swarming motility and displayed a physical effect. It also did not present acute or chronic toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans model. In this way, agroindustrial residues represent a promising source of molecules capable of controlling bacterial biofilms. [Display omitted] • Grape and rice residues extracts have antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities. • Grape hydromethanolic extract inhibits and eradicates P. aeruginosa biofilm. • The extract seems to act through a physical effect and stimulates swarming motility. • Grape hydromethanolic extract shows no acute or chronic toxicity in C. elegans. • This extract is rich in benzoic acids derivatives, dipeptides, and phenols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanical extraction of oils from Brazilian açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart) produces significant amounts of a byproduct known as "meal", which is frequently discarded in the environment as waste material. Nevertheless, plant byproducts, especially those from oil extraction, may contain residual polyphenols in their composition and be a rich source of natural bioactive compounds. In this study, the phenolic composition and in vitro biological properties of a hydroethanolic açaí meal extract were elucidated. The major compounds tentatively identified in the extract by high-resolution mass spectrometry were anthocyanins, flavones, and flavonoids. Furthermore, rhamnocitrin is reported in an açaí byproduct for the first time. The extract showed reducing power and was effective in scavenging the ABTS radical cation (820.0 µmol Trolox equivalent∙g−1) and peroxyl radical (975.7 µmol Trolox equivalent∙g−1). NF-κB activation was inhibited at 10 or 100 µg∙mL−1 and TNF-α levels were reduced at 100 µg∙mL−1. However, the antibacterial effects against ESKAPE pathogens was not promising due to the high concentration needed (1250 or 2500 µg∙mL−1). These findings can be related to the diverse polyphenol-rich extract composition. To conclude, the polyphenol-rich extract obtained from açaí meal showed relevant biological activities that may have great applicability in the food and nutraceutical industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biotransformation of agro-industrial organic residues, such as sunflower hulls (Helianthus annuus L.) (CG) can modify its chemical properties and thus favor its use as amendments. The objectives of this study were to characterize chemically and spectrometrically the CG subjected to different transformations and evaluate its effect on the production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) when applied to the soil. A trial was carried out in pots under controlled conditions of humidity and temperature. Different transformations of the CG (composting, use of lignocellulite fungi and mixture with urea) and without modification were evaluated. At each CG treatment, organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) were determined and they were characterized by UV-vis from their humic substances. Different level inputs of the treatments were established according to their amount of equivalent organic nitrogen (N): 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha-1. After 55 days of sowing, wheat was harvested and the dry matter (DM) production was determined. Increases in the DM production of wheat were observed with the application of composted CG in relation to the control, while in the remaining treatments the DM production was not modified or decreased. The effect on DM production was clearly related to the materials quality differences, mainly associated with its C:N ratio. The composted CG presented the lowest C:N (22), being the treatment with the highest wheat DM production. A threshold C:N of 38 was established, where lower ratios favor mineralization and higher immobilization. The biotransformation modified the chemical properties of the original material, reducing the C:N and increasing the absorbance coefficients 254 to 465 (E2/E4), 254 to 665 (E2/E6) and 465 to 665 nm (E4/E6). The UV-Vis technique provided complementary information for the structural quality of these materials deepening the understanding about its potential use organic amendments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pomegranate-seed residue (PSR) was used in a new strategy for the simultaneous production of Yarrowia lipolytica lipase by submerged fermentation and its immobilization by adsorption. This biocatalyst—the fermented solid residue containing the adsorbed lipase (fermPSR)—was evaluated in hydrolysis reactions and in structured lipid synthesis. In shake flasks, yeast extract and urea were the best nitrogen sources for lipase production with PSR and their simultaneous use increased the lipase production even further. This result was confirmed in a 3.5-liter bioreactor, with lipase activity in an extracellular medium of 40 U/mL. A maximum reaction rate (Vmax) of 49.5 µmol/min/g, a Michaelis–Menten constant (Km) of 207 µmol/L, and a turnover number (Kcat) of 130 s−1 were determined for the new biocatalyst, fermPSR, for the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl laurate (p-NPL) into p-nitrophenol. The conversion of p-NPL into p-nitrophenol in subsequent reactions confirmed fermPSR's potential for industrial hydrolytic reactions. The production of structured lipids from vegetable oil and free fatty acids by fermPSR evidences the versatility of this new biocatalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different pressing temperatures on the physical and mechanical properties of Medium Density Particleboard (MDP) manufactured with sugarcane bagasse and waste plastic bags.The temperatures of 160, 180, 200 and 220ºC were evaluated for the panels pressing. The panels were produced with a nominal density of 0.70 g/cm3, a face/core ratio of 40:60, 12% urea-formaldehyde adhesive for the faces and 8% for the core. The panels were evaluated for properties of density, compaction ratio, humidity, water absorption after two and twenty-four hours (WA2h and WA24h), thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours of immersion in water (TS2h and TS24h), module of rupture (MOR) and module of elasticity (MOE) in static bending, internal bonding, janka hardness and screw pulling. There was no significant effect of pressing temperature on density, MOR, MOE, internal bonding and janka hardness of the panels.The pressing temperature significantly influenced the properties of WA, TS and screw pullout, promoting a decrease in the mean values of WA2h, WA24h, TS2h and TS, and an increase in screw pullout resistance. The temperature of 220°C resulted in MDP panels with sugarcane bagasse and residual plastic bags of better quality.

Fruit residues represent alternative ingredients that can be included in diets of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum. This study evaluated the growth performance of tambaqui fed diets containing different levels of guava agroindustrial residue. The experiment was based on a completely randomised design, with 105 fish randomly distributed in 15 plastic 60 L-1 boxes with a water recirculation system. Feeding was carried out to apparent satiety for 45 days, using diets with 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g kg-1 inclusion of guava residue. Biometrics were performed every 15 days. Quadratic effect (p < 0.05) was observed for daily feed intake and apparent feed conversion, with optimum levels of 4.86 and 6.05% inclusion of guava residue, respectively. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in relation to final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, hepato-somatic index, survival rate and protein efficiency rate by the dietary treatments. The inclusion of up to 150 g kg-1 of the guava agroindustrial residue in the feed did not compromise the performance of tambaqui juveniles.

Fruit residues represent alternative ingredients that can be included in diets of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum. This study evaluated the growth performance of tambaqui fed diets containing different levels of guava agroindustrial residue. The experiment was based on a completely randomised design, with 105 fish randomly distributed in 15 plastic 60 L-1 boxes with a water recirculation system. Feeding was carried out to apparent satiety for 45 days, using diets with 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g kg-1 inclusion of guava residue. Biometrics were performed every 15 days. Quadratic effect (p < 0.05) was observed for daily feed intake and apparent feed conversion, with optimum levels of 4.86 and 6.05% inclusion of guava residue, respectively. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in relation to final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, hepato-somatic index, survival rate and protein efficiency rate by the dietary treatments. The inclusion of up to 150 g kg-1 of the guava agroindustrial residue in the feed did not compromise the performance of tambaqui juveniles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanical extraction of oils from Brazilian açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart) produces significant amounts of a byproduct known as “meal”, which is frequently discarded in the environment as waste material. Nevertheless, plant byproducts, especially those from oil extraction, may contain residual polyphenols in their composition and be a rich source of natural bioactive compounds. In this study, the phenolic composition and in vitro biological properties of a hydroethanolic açaí meal extract were elucidated. The major compounds tentatively identified in the extract by high-resolution mass spectrometry were anthocyanins, flavones, and flavonoids. Furthermore, rhamnocitrin is reported in an açaí byproduct for the first time. The extract showed reducing power and was effective in scavenging the ABTS radical cation (820.0 µmol Trolox equivalent∙g−1) and peroxyl radical (975.7 µmol Trolox equivalent∙g−1). NF-κB activation was inhibited at 10 or 100 µg∙mL−1 and TNF-α levels were reduced at 100 µg∙mL−1. However, the antibacterial effects against ESKAPE pathogens was not promising due to the high concentration needed (1250 or 2500 µg∙mL−1). These findings can be related to the diverse polyphenol-rich extract composition. To conclude, the polyphenol-rich extract obtained from açaí meal showed relevant biological activities that may have great applicability in the food and nutraceutical industries.

Little is known about the effect of adding crude glycerin (CG) as a carbon source during the composting of agro-industrial residues, such as those generated in the swine production chain, especially concerning the impact on organic matter humification. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the effect of adding crude glycerin during the composting of organic swine waste, using appropriate analyses to determine the degree of maturation of the organic material. The experiment was performed using composters constructed from pallets. The variables considered were temperature, mass, volume, organic matter, functional groups, carboxylic acids, pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, potassium, basal respiration, and germination index. For all the CG concentrations tested, thermophilic temperatures were reached, while higher amounts of CG (4.5 and 6.0%) maintained temperatures above 55 °C for longer periods (28 days). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of an aromatic stretching vibration signal at 1620 cm−1, confirming mineralization of the organic matter, while the decrease of carboxylic acids at the end of the composting period indicated stabilization. The organic composts presented high nutrient contents and absence of toxicity, indicating that they could be safely used in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract β-Galactosidases are widely used for industrial applications. These enzymes could be used in reactions of lactose hydrolysis and transgalactosylation. The objective of this study was the production, purification, and characterization of an extracellular β-galactosidase from a filamentous fungus, Aspergillus niger. The enzyme production was optimized by a factorial design. Maximal β-galactosidase activity (24.64 U/mL) was found in the system containing 2% of a soybean residue (w/v) at initial pH 7.0, 28 °C, 120 rpm in 7 days. ANOVA of the optimization study indicated that the response data on temperature and pH were significant (p

Pomegranate-seed residue (PSR) was used in a new strategy for the simultaneous production of Yarrowia lipolytica lipase by submerged fermentation and its immobilization by adsorption. This biocatalyst—the fermented solid residue containing the adsorbed lipase (fermPSR)—was evaluated in hydrolysis reactions and in structured lipid synthesis. In shake flasks, yeast extract and urea were the best nitrogen sources for lipase production with PSR and their simultaneous use increased the lipase production even further. This result was confirmed in a 3.5-liter bioreactor, with lipase activity in an extracellular medium of 40 U/mL. A maximum reaction rate (Vmax) of 49.5 µmol/min/g, a Michaelis–Menten constant (Km) of 207 µmol/L, and a turnover number (Kcat) of 130 s−1 were determined for the new biocatalyst, fermPSR, for the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl laurate (p-NPL) into p-nitrophenol. The conversion of p-NPL into p-nitrophenol in subsequent reactions confirmed fermPSR’s potential for industrial hydrolytic reactions. The production of structured lipids from vegetable oil and free fatty acids by fermPSR evidences the versatility of this new biocatalyst.

The fruits industrialization process for the production of new food products generates a significant number of agroindustrial residues. The use of these residues in the formulation of new products such as cereal bars adds nutritional value to foods and helps in the reduction of environmental impacts. The objective of this work was to produce flours from the star fruit residue and the passion fruit albedo, to attain the physicochemical characterization and to elaborate three cereal bars formulations with variation in the contents of the flour produced. The results indicate that the star fruit and the passion fruit’s albedo can be considered as an alternative source of nutrients, ranging from energy supplementation to its insertion in derived products due to its technological characteristics. The developed cereal bars were widely accepted, and most evaluators reported that they would buy such products. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v10i3.1102

One of the most important agro-industries worldwide is the brewery. According to the FAO, 113,654,000 kilograms of beers are produced per year, boosting the economy of a country and the uncontrolled production of solid waste. Among solid waste, the one that generates the greatest concern is malt bagasse (BSG), since it represents 85% of the total by-products, with an approximate rate of 20 kg of BSG for every 100 liters of beer produced. In addition, its high pollutant load raises the levels of organic matter and impacts natural resources when disposed of in landfills or landfills. An alternative, is the incorporation of this biomass into other processes that promote a circular economy program. The objective of this review is to show the level of scientific evidence in the use of the BSG, compiling new alternatives for the application of the residue and contributing to the development of sustainable systems in the production of beers. Emphasizing the production of metabolites obtained from fermentation processes, such as functional foods, biomaterials, activated carbon and biofuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clean thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic residues is particularly interesting for both bioenergy production and environmental protection. For this reason, the novelty of this study is to present tamarind residues (husks and seeds) from the tamarind fruit processing industry as new prospective feedstocks for bioenergy production considering their physicochemical properties, combustion performance indexes, and emission patterns. Characterization results confirmed the suitability of tamarind residues as raw materials for combustion with considerable energy contents (~ 17.5 MJ kg−1), ash contents below 2.9 wt.%, and negligible sulfur (< 0.01 wt.%). High bulk (552.7–635.8 kg m−3) and bioenergy (9.1–10.4 GJ m−3) densities were found, indicating that the distribution and utilization of tamarind residues are significantly favored. Acceptable CO2, CO, and SO2 emissions were found during the combustion of both residues. Elevated nitrogen concentrations (2.5–3.0 wt.%) were reported, implying higher NOX emissions (8.8–10.5 g kg−1), which require rigid control. The combustion performance indices suggest that tamarind residues have better properties for combustion than feedstocks commonly used as bioenergy sources. Tamarind residues thus appear to be promising renewable feedstocks for bioenergy because of their attractive properties, better combustion performance, and acceptable emission characteristics. This study conclusively indicates that tamarind residues are promising feedstocks for bioenergy and provides valuable insights to their future applications in commercial biomass boilers with controlled emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Vermicompost leachate was used as nutrient supplement for the ethanologenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. • Dehydration of Ataulfo mango pulp allowed to increase the concentration of fermentable sugars in the fermentation process. • All tested Ataulfo dehydrated mango pulp treatments with vermicompost leachate showed bioethanol production. • Moderate concentration of added vermicompost leachate has a positive effect on bioethanol yield. Mango fruits are easily damaged by knocking during harvest and transport, producing agro-industrial waste with high content of fermentable sugars. The aim of this work was to assess the production of bioethanol from residual Ataulfo (Mangifera indica L.) mango pulp, using vermicompost leachate as a nutritional supplement for ethanologenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the fermentation process. Mango pulp was subjected to a dehydration process at 60 °C in order to preserve fermentable sugars. Moisture and ash content, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), pH and total reducing sugar (TRS) concentration of the Ataulfo mango pulp were determined. Five treatments with different vermicompost leachate concentration (0%, 10%, 20%, 50% and 100%) were tested. The fermentation progress was evaluated by physicochemical characterization analysis (TSS and TRS) and accumulated production of CO 2. Initial and final concentration of bioethanol was determined by HPLC. The highest bioethanol concentration of 44.67 ± 1.6 g/L was reached for treatment with 50% of vermicompost leachate. This result represents a viable option for using mango waste and vermicompost leachate as a renewable alternative for bioethanol production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objectives of this study were to produce nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) from soybean hull (SH) by reactive extrusion and by bleaching with peracetic acid in combination with reactive extrusion, with both processes followed by an ultrasonication step, and to characterize the obtained materials according to chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity and thermal stability. Raw SH presented 32.91% cellulose, 3.05% hemicellulose and 2.05% lignin. The NFC sample prepared by reactive extrusion (ESH3-NFC sample) was submitted to three sequential extrusion steps. The first step involved extrusion with NaOH (10% w/w) and was followed by two sequential extrusion steps with H2SO4 (2% w/w); at the end of these processes, the product presented 78.20% cellulose, 1.50% hemicellulose and 1.49% lignin. The sample prepared by bleaching with peracetic acid followed by one extrusion step with H2SO4 (BESH-NFC sample) presented 92.03% cellulose, 0.56% hemicellulose and 1.32% lignin. Both processes of reactive extrusion and bleaching with peracetic acid combined with reactive extrusion were effective for obtaining NFC from SH, resulting in nanofibers with diameters of 80–100 nm, relative crystallinity indexes of 62 and 73%, and yields of 50 and 60%, respectively, as well as a higher thermal stability than that of SH. The proposed processes presented advantages, such as simplicity, reduced amounts of generated effluents and decreased time and number of washes employed during the obtainment of NFC when compared to several conventional processes based on combinations of chemical and mechanical treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agroindustrial residues such as plantain (Musa paradisiaca L. cv. Dominico Harton) peel have functional properties, which made them suitable for use as a food ingredient. The aim of this research was to evaluate plantain peel flour (PPF) as a binder in the production of frankfurter- type sausage. Five formulations were prepared in which wheat flour (WF) was replaced by PPF as follows: 25%, 50%, 70% and 100%, respectively. Once the sausages are obtained, the water retention capacity (WRC), emulsifying stability (ES), and pH, were evaluated. When comparing treatments with the control sample, it was found that replacing up to 50% of WF by PPF, significantly increased WRC by 7.5%. When replacing 25%, Es, there were no statistically significant changes among treatments. When replacing 100%, the product pH, was significantly decreased. The results indicated, the sausages made with 50% of PPF, retain the formulation water, which is why the PPF has potential for this type of sausage manufacture. PPF could replace WF up to 25% in the frankfurter formulation, without affecting ES and pH and favoring WRC.

The objective of the present study was to determine the energetic potential from cassava starch wastewater in a two-stage system (BioH 2 + BioCH 4) composed by anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactors (AnSBBR). Included in this general objective, the behavior of the methanogenic AnSBBR regarding organic matter removal and biomethane production will be investigated. The acidogenic AnSBBR was operated with organic loading rate (OLR) of 14 gCarb.L−1.d−1, influent concentration of 5 gCarb.L−1 and cycle time of 4 h. The methanogenic AnSBBR was submitted to OLR increase (3.7–12 gCOD.L−1.d−1), provided by arrangements between influent concentration (2.8; 4.0 and 6.0 gCOD.L−1) and cycle time (6; 8 and 12 h). For the evaluated condition, the acidogenic reactor presented productivity of 0.7 LH 2.L−1.d−1 and yield of 1.1 molH 2.kg−1Carb. The methanogenic reactor presented stable methane production (%CH 4 > 78) during the 260-days operating period. The maximum methane productivity (2.71 LCH 4.L−1.d−1) and yield (0.263 LCH 4.g−1COD) were obtained at OLR of 12 gCOD.L−1.d−1 and cycle time of 6 h. The estimated energy production rate in the two-stage system (BioH 2 + BioCH 4) was 105.2 kJ.L−1.d−1. • An innovative two-stage AnSBBR system was evaluated from cassava starch wastewater. • AnSBBR is simple, robust and efficient configuration to use in two-stage for bioenergy production. • BioH 2 and BioCH 4 were produced in two-stage system at total cycle time of 10 h. • Two-stage AnSBBR system provided high energy recovery of 105.2 kJ.L−1.d−1. • The two-stage system showed potential to recover about 20% of energy consumed in industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, there is a growing interest in the characterization and identification of microorganisms from different habitats due to their potential as producers of bioactive compounds. The objective of this work was to isolate endophytic strains present in the fruits of achachairu, araçá-boi and bacaba, and to evaluate their potential in production of bioactive compounds. The microorganisms were isolated and identified by the MALDI-TOFMS system, where the main strains identified were of the genera Candida , Rhodotorula and Ochrobactrum. Among the different strains isolated, Rhodotorula glutinis showed the best performance as it presented the highest production of bioactive compounds while in various residues tested, bacaba fruit residue was the best. The process optimization was performed by applying a Plackett-Burman design which leads to conclude that the medium pH and yeast extract were the two principal factors which influenced the fermentation process, leading to a maximum yield of 887.55 ± 3.61 mg GAE/100 g. In addition, when the unfermented and the fermented residue of bacaba were compared, the UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS analysis indicated an increase in chlorogenic acid (460.00%), catechin (94.75%) and rutin (27.53%) compounds, while, the antioxidant capacity presented an increase in ORAC (118.62%), FRAP (90.32%) and ABTS (39.25%) in fermented products. Image 1 • Endophytic microorganisms from achachairu, araçá-boi and bacaba fruits were isolated. • Bioactive compounds were obtained by fermentation using isolated strains. • Fermentation parameters were optimized using a Placket-Burman design. • Rhodotorula glutinis was the most efficient strain for production of bioactives. • The fermented product resulted in an increase in three phenolic compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Peach palm outer sheaths were used for production of nanofibrillated cellulose. • Different delignification methods were combined with two defibrillation intensities. • It was possible to obtain nanocellulose with high aspect ratio and crystallinity. • Lignin removal facilitated fibrillation when shear forces were applied over the fiber. • Higher fibrillation intensities increased the nanofiber hydrophilicity. The large amount of residues generated by the peach palm agroindustry and its cellulose content (34 g 100g−1) motivated the present investigation, where outer sheaths were used for nanocellulose production through ultrafine grinding. Protocols combining different chemical delignification with defibrillation intensity (10 and 20 cycles) were applied and their influence over some properties and characteristics of nanofibers evaluated. At all protocols applied it was possible produce cellulose at nanometric level (widths ˜100 nm), with high crystallinity index (49.8–54.5%) and great thermal stability. The delignification influenced the defibrillation, where lignin removal resulted in well dispersed bundles of fibrils with lower widths. Lower lignin contents combined with higher shear forces released more nanofibrils, with more adsorbed water with defibrillation extension. These behavior influenced the suspension stability, that was higher at larger number of cycles (20). The results evidenced that was possible produced FNC with appropriate technical characteristics from pupunha discards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Membranes composed of poly (butylene adipate co-terephthalate), PBAT, and activated Charcoal (80:20%) were produced with a double screw extruder and their thermal, morphological, mechanical and structural properties were evaluated. The thermogravimetric analyzes of the membranes showed that there was no change in the decomposition temperatures of the polymer added with charcoal, with the first occurrence between 340–400 °C related to PBAT and the second between 465 and 612 °C related to charcoal. The micrographs of the PBAT membrane presented compact matrix without appreciable defects. For the sample of PBAT:Charcoal it was observed that the charcoal was dispersed in the matrix of the polymer, with some agglomerates and presence of cavities. It was also observed an increase of 120.24% in the barrier property evidenced by the water vapor permeability (PVA) test in relation to the PBAT membrane. This increase may be due to the presence of the wells and clusters observed in the microscopies. The PBAT:Charcoal membrane, despite having presented alteration in the mechanical properties due to the addition of the charcoal, demonstrated good properties, making the process possible. The PBAT:Charcoal membranes presented promising results indicating that these matrices can be used as packaging materials in the industry for improving safety and prolonging the shelf life of the packaged product. The application of pheromones for pest management requires a constant releaser of the active during the capture period of the insect. In addition, for efficient use, the pheromone must be protected from climatic factors. The permeation studies of rhynchophorol through the membranes presented releaser rates similar to the systems found in the literature, with an increase in the life of the pheromone, possibly generating a lower cost of baits for the farmer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Fruit pomace is effective to inhibiting lipid oxidation of an O/W emulsion. • Total phenolic content is important to retard lipid oxidation of an O/W emulsion. • Lipophilicity is important to control TBARS of an O/W emulsion at low total phenolic content. • Food-like model systems are advisable to evaluate the usefulness of crude extracts. Abstract Crude extracts were prepared from residues of Rubus glaucus Benth by using food-grade solvents. Their efficacy protecting lipid oxidation of an oil in water (O/W) emulsion as well as of a bulk oil was tested. Stability of lipids during storage of an O/W emulsion was tested by the hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) measurements. Bulk oil stability was measured by the Rancimat method. Fruit pomace crude extracts were the best controlling lipid oxidation of an O/W emulsion, with crude extracts from overripe fruit and bush pruning residues acting as pro-oxidants as measured by the hydroperoxides levels. Neither of the crude extracts was able to inhibit lipid oxidation of the bulk oil. Mathematical modelling revealed that despite total phenolic content and partition coefficient of the crude extracts are important parameters to control lipid oxidation of an O/W emulsion, they do not totally explain their behavior in food-like systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mango seed and peel, wastes from the industrial processing of the fruit, were evaluated for lipase production by Yarrowia lipolytica. Submerged fermentation of the components of mango wastes (peel, tegument and kernel) were performed with the components separately and their combinations without any supplementation. The tegument was the only part that showed promising results for lipase production and, therefore several nitrogen sources were used, separately, as supplementation. Yeast extract was the best nitrogen source for lipase production with mango tegument in submerged fermentation, achieving around 3500 U/L of extracellular lipase. Optimum conditions for lipase production were pH 5.0; 187 rpm of agitation speed; temperature of 27.9 °C and inoculum concentration of 0.96 g/L. Lipase activity of the solid residue obtained after fermentation carried out in the best experimental conditions was 68.03 U/(g of residue) evidencing that the lipase produced during fermentation adsorbed in the fermented solid, producing a new biocatalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, it was presented a strategy to maximize the cutinase production by solid-state fermentation from different microorganisms and substrates. The best results were observed using Fusarium verticillioides, rice bran being the main substrate. Maximum yield of cutinase obtained by the strain was 16.22 U/g. For concentration, ethanol precipitation was used, and the purification factor was 2.4. The optimum temperature and pH for enzyme activity were 35 °C and 6.5, respectively. The enzyme was stable at a wide range of temperature and at all pH values tested. The concentrated cutinase was used as an adjuvant in a formulation containing cutinase + bioherbicide. The use of enzyme increased the efficiency of bioherbicide, since cutinase was responsible to remove/degrade the cutin that recovery the weed leaves and difficult the bioherbicide absorption. Cutinase showed to be a promising product to be used in formulation of bioherbicides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biochar is recognized as a sustainable alternative for the management of agro-industrial waste and has been extensively shown to be a beneficial organic amendment that improves soil quality and provides essential nutrients for plant growth. In this study, the effects of different treatments and doses of biocarbon, produced from the pyrolysis of agro-industrial wastes from palm rachis and coffee pulp, were assessed in terms of their impact on the physicochemical properties of soil and several plant growth variables for bell pepper and bean plants. Six qualities of biocarbon (three from coffee pulp and three from palm rachis) were produced by varying the pyrolysis temperatures at 250, 300, and 350 °C. Each was then applied to soil samples containing bell pepper and bean seeds at doses of 10, 20, and 30%. Treatments using palm rachis biocarbon were observed to result in the greatest increases in pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and cation exchange capacity (CEC), thereby enhancing the availability of essential nutrients such as phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K). However, it is inferred that high concentrations of these nutrients might unbalance the soil and negatively affect plant growth. Regarding plant development, coffee pulp biocarbons demonstrated a positive effect on the number of leaves, height, and both above-ground and below-ground dry mass compared to the palm rachis treatments. These findings suggest that biocarbon derived from coffee pulp could be particularly useful for enhancing both soil characteristics and crop yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caffeine and diclofenac are molecules with high human intake, and both belong to the ‘emergent’ class of contaminants. These compounds have been found at different concentrations in many sources of water worldwide and have several negative impacts on aquatic life systems; that is why the search for new alternatives for their removal from aqueous media is of transcendental importance. In this sense, adsorption processes are an option to attack this problem and for this reason, biochar could be a good alternative. In this regard, were prepared six different biochar from fique bagasse (FB), a useless agroindustry by-product from fique processing. The six biochar preparations were characterized through several physicochemical procedures, while for the adsorption processes, pH, adsorption time and concentration of caffeine and diclofenac were evaluated. Results showed that the biochar obtained by pyrolysis at 850 °C and residence time of 3 h, labeled as FB850-3, was the material with the highest adsorbent capacity with values of 40.2 mg g−1 and 5.40 mg g−1 for caffeine and diclofenac, respectively. It was also shown that the experimental data from FB850-3 fitted very well the Redlich–Peterson isotherm model and followed a pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order kinetic for caffeine and diclofenac, respectively.

ABSTRACT: The waste in the fruit production chain, including the juice and pulp industries, produces large quantities of leftover husks, seeds and bagasse. This volume of waste generates huge environmental and economic impact. The objective of this research was to determine the potential of using residues from passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and apple (Malus domestica) varieties in the production of functional flours. Passion fruit flour showed greater reduction of DPPH (EC50%: 50.4μg/mL) radicals, showing antioxidant potential, as well as a more efficient inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus (71.3±1.2μg/mL), with a modest; however efficient, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (10%). All Apple flours were good antioxidants and the fuji apple flour stood out inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa (78.6±3.1μg/mL). All the residues showed potential for use as a functional product either as a source of antioxidants, a natural (antimicrobial) preservative for dry foods or supplementary use by patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the removal of Cu2+ and Zn2+ in water by means of the adsorption process using three biosorbents derived from jatropha biomass (bark, endosperm and endosperm + seed coat). The experiments were performed in batch and evaluated the effect of solution pH, adsorbent mass, contact time, different initial concentrations of the metals Cu2+ and Zn2+, and the temperature of the solution during the adsorptive process. By kinetics, the adsorption isotherms and thermodynamics the mechanisms that control the adsorptive process were evaluated. The optimal conditions for the realization of the adsorptive process for both metals were: solution pH of 5.0 and 8 g L-1 of adsorbent mass per volume of solution, with a contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate of 60 min. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacities for the bark, endosperm and endosperm + seed coat of Jatropha were, respectively, for Cu2+ 11.541, 20.475 and 22.910 mg g-1, and for Zn2+ 14.852; 15.888 and 14.674 mg g-1, with the predominance of chemisorption in monolayer. The three biosorbents derived from the biomass of Jatropha have potential for the remediation of water contaminated with Cu2+ and Zn2+.

Abstract Agroindustrial residual lignocellulosic biomaterial provides an economical and renewable natural bioresource for the large-scale, gainful biofuel production, as well as the production of fine bulk chemicals, which may include industrial biocatalysts. To this end, the laccase-inducing aptitude of some agroindustrial, lignocellulosic residues were appraised in submerged fermentation batch culture of two woodland betaproteobacteria (Hb9c; Achromobacter xylosoxidans HWN16, Hb16c; Bordetella bronchiseptica HSO16). Significant fermentation factors for laccase production were identified following a one-variable-at-a-time: OVAT screening method, levels of significant factors were optimized using response surface methodology: RSM. Mandarin peelings: MP and wheat bran: WB were suitable substrates for laccase production in Hb9c; 29.4 U/mL and Hb16c; 28.2 U/mL, respectively. However, the numerical optimization of significant factors for laccase production in both isolates presented an overall maximum laccase output encountered throughout the study (Hb9c; 169.39 U/mL, Hb16c; 45.22 U/mL), albeit the simulated conditions of the statistical model were outside the design space of the algorithm such as pH 5, 0.5 g MP, 100 rpm, 0.25 g NaNO 3 for Hb9c and pH 3, 2.5 g WB, 50 rpm, 0.05 g yeast extract for Hb16c. Furthermore, a record 17.5 and 15.54 fold increase in laccase turnover depicts the astuteness of the statistical method in the valorization of these lignocellulosic residues for enhanced laccase production, hence, the incorporation of these outcomes at industrial scales might yield tremendous outputs. Highlights • Lignocellulosic agro-industrial residues increased laccase yield considerably. • Optimal cultural and nutritional parameters were determined by OVAT. • RSM optimized the interaction effects of fermentation components and their levels. • The valorization of the lignocellulosic residues was achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During last decades, there has been a growing interest of decreasing the environmental impact generated by humans. This situation has been approached from different perspectives being the integral use of raw materials as one of the best alternatives. It was estimated that 3.7 × 109 tonnes of agricultural residues are produced annually worldwide. Then, the integral use of feedstocks has been studied through the biorefinery concept. A biorefinery can be a promissory option for processing feedstocks in rural zones aiming to boost the techno-economic and social growth. However, many plants produced at small scale in rural zones without high industrial use contribute with residues usually not studied as raw materials for other processes. Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is a plant grown extensively in tropical regions. Nigeria, China, and Ghana are the main producers with 1.3, 1.18, and 0.9 million tonnes/year, respectively. In Colombia, there are no technified crops, but it is used where it is grown mainly as animal feed. This plant consists of leaves, stem, and a tuber but the use is generally limited to the leaves, discarding the other parts. These discarded parts have great potential (lignocellulose and starch). This work proposes different processing schemes using the parts of the plant to obtain value-added products, and their techno-economic and environmental assessment. The simulation was performed with Aspen Plus and the economic package was used for the economic assessment. For the environmental assessment, Waste Algorithm Reduction of the U.S. EPA was implemented. The obtained results showed that the integral use of plants under a biorefinery scheme allows obtaining better techno-economic and environmental performance and that small-scale biorefineries can be a promissory option for boosting rural zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Helminthiasis is a common disease in which parasite resistance is frequently caused by inadequate administration of anthelmintics in small ruminant production. Since phytotherapy may be an adjuvant for parasite control, we assessed whether the ingestion of cashew apple fiber (Anacardium occidentale) would reduce Haemonchus contortus infection in Santa Inês sheep. Twenty-one male sheep with mean age of 240 ± 9.7 days were dewormed, infected with 4000 L 3 of H. contortus Embrapa2010 (day 0 – D0) and on D28 were divided into three equally sized experimental groups: 1) control (no treatment), 2) treated with anthelmintic (monepantel, 2.5 mg/kg PV) and 3) cashew apple fiber (0.3% BW) for 7 days of adaptation plus 28 days (D63). The animals were weighed weekly for diet adjustment and individual EPGs were performed twice a week. Corn silage was given ad libitum after each animal had eaten all the cashew apple fiber, which always occurred due to its palatable flavor. The silage, cashew apple fiber and leftovers were weighed daily and the samples were analyzed for dry matter. In cashew apple fiber, the total polyphenol contents were determined spectrophotometrically and the phenol compounds were identified by LC-MS. Cashew apple fiber contained 93.6% DM, 13.0% CP, 68.7% NDF, 47.6% FDA, 1.3% MM, 1.9% EE and 22.3% LIG. Twenty phenolic compounds were detected, among them phenolic acids and flavonoids, including glycosylated ones. The general EPG averages were statistically different among control, anthelmintic and cashew groups (3449, 14 and 2070, respectively), while the mean total weight gain did not differ (3.21, 3.20 and 1.94 kg, respectively) (p < 0.05). In relation to the control group, the anthelmintic showed efficacy of 99.6% and the cashew apple fiber 40.8%. Phenolic compounds appear to play an important role in the anthelmintic activity of cashew apple fiber. Thus, its use as an adjuvant in the control of H. contortus can be encouraged in regions where it is available at low cost, mitigating the use of veterinary drugs, reducing environmental contamination by agroindustrial residues and promoting the more sustainable production of small ruminants. Graphical abstract Image Highlights • The cashew apple fiber (CAF) presented efficacy of 40.8% in EPG reduction. • Chemical analyses detected phenolic acids and flavonoids in CAF. • CAF did not interfere in the corn silage consumption. • Experimental groups performed similarly in relation to animal weight gain. • CAF use can reduce environmental contamination by agroindustrial residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different pretreatments were evaluated on corn stalk (Zea mays) applied as a lignocellulosic source in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure, using sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) for biogas production purposes. Using H 2 SO 4 we achieved a 75.1% removal of the hemicellulose fraction, in low acid concentrations (0.75% v.v −1 ). However, this technique inhibited the co-digestion process. Pretreatment with 12% of H 2 O 2 (pH 11.5) increased the cellulose fraction by 73.4% and reduced the lignin content by 71.6%. This pretreatment is recommended for biogas production, as it increased the final volume of biogas by 22% and reduced the digestion time by one third. So, a promising alternative was obtained in order to facilitate the anaerobic digestion of the carbohydrates present in this biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fruits industrialization process for the production of new food products generates a significant number of agroindustrial residues. The use of these residues in the formulation of new products such as cereal bars adds nutritional value to foods and helps in the reduction of environmental impacts. The objective of this work was to produce flours from the star fruit residue and the passion fruit albedo, to attain the physicochemical characterization and to elaborate three cereal bars formulations with variation in the contents of the flour produced. The results indicate that the star fruit and the passion fruit's albedo can be considered as an alternative source of nutrients, ranging from energy supplementation to its insertion in derived products due to its technological characteristics. The developed cereal bars were widely accepted, and most evaluators reported that they would buy such products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High production cost and lack of process‐suitable characteristics in available microbial xylanases limit their vast industrial application potential. A new strain of Aspergillus terreus S9 isolated from mushroom compost (Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan, India), utilized agro‐industrial wastes as substrates for growth, and produced a process‐apt xylanase. The study is the first ever report of a thermostable (60–90°C) and broad range pH stable (6.0–10.0) xylanase from a strain of Aspergillus terreus. Of a total of ten process variables examined based on Plackett‐Burman design, four variables, i.e., wheat bran, incubation time, pH, and CaCl2 were earmarked to have substantial influence on xylanase production. These selected four variables were further optimized using Design of Experiments (DoE) approach (response surface methodology), and xylanase yield was enhanced (1.92‐fold). Saccharification potential of xylanase was assessed using rice straw as substrate, under several sets of combinatorial regimes. Results showed that alkali pretreatment (0.2M KOH) followed by acid pretreatment (1% sulphuric acid) and enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulase and xylanase yielded maximum sugars. Desired industrial traits of A. terreus S9 xylanase reflect its application prospective for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass for production of biofuel‐ethanol/other industrial products. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1210–1219, 2018 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]