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Existing studies claim that the Internet of Things (IoTs) raises agricultural producer prices while others claim the contrary. Meanwhile, no studies have been conducted to investigate the impact of IoTs at the macro level, as represented by information globalization. The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of information globalization on agricultural producer prices in developing and developed countries. This study used time series data from 1991 to 2020 and cross-section data from 66 developing and 26 developed countries. The data was analyzed using two-stage least squares. The first stage of analysis shows that pesticides and farm machinery increase agricultural production in developing and developed countries, while employment in agriculture, forestry, and fishing has the opposite effect. Meanwhile, nutrient nitrogen, manure, and irrigation have differing effects on agricultural production in the two areas. The second stage of analysis shows that agricultural producer prices in developing and developed countries will rise when agricultural production, agricultural import, and human capital increase. Agricultural value-added, food consumer price inflation and population growth have varying impacts on agricultural producer prices. Meanwhile, the main variable investigated in this study, information globalization, has been proven to increase agricultural producer prices in both developing and developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to examine the factors that are thought to affect agricultural added value in Azerbaijan and other selected CIS member countries (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan) between 2005-2022, using the panel data analysis method. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the coefficients of fixed capital investments (SS), urbanization rate (KO) and the constant of the model in the model were insignificant at the 95% confidence level. According to the analysis results within the scope of the panel data method, it was found that there is a positive and significant relationship between the dependent variable, agricultural added value, and the independent variables, agricultural labor force rate (TİO), share of agriculture in government expenditures (TDH) and agricultural credit (TK). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effect of institutional quality on agricultural value added in East Africa. It uses a panel dataset spanning from 2000 to 2020, taken from seven East African countries. The data obtained from the World Bank, Mo Ibrahim Foundation, and FAO databases were analyzed using the bias-corrected LSDV model. The results show that voice and accountability has a negative significant effect on regional agricultural value-added, while government effectiveness has a positive significant effect on regional agricultural value-added. Besides, higher per capita gross domestic product, a lower proportion of rural population, and a higher proportion of education expenditure appeared to have significant incremental effects on agricultural value-added. The results imply that institutional quality has a vital role in dictating the growth of agricultural value-added in East Africa. In this region, effective institutions increase agricultural value-added. Governments and other development practitioners should thus work to enhance the effectiveness of the related institutions in the region. Strengthening and improving the performance of such institutions is essential for a sustained increase in agricultural value-added. This would be more operational if combined with increased expenditure in education and the low size of the rural population.

Agricultural sector has a key role in relation to poverty reduction and improving food security.One of important challenges in the agriculture sector is to feed population that is increasing in the world. Agriculture has significant positive and negative impacts on the environment and earth ecosystem. The agriculture sector is a significant contributor of pollution that restricts forty-nine increasing agriculture production. Climate change has led researchers to pay close attention to environmental performance. Bayesian networks are relatively well recognized to be an advantageous method for different types of environmental model. This study was designed a Bayesian network model to investigate the relation between agri-economic-environmental indicators and Environmental performance Index in the EU countries compared to the Middle East countries, in 2018. the Middle East countries is faced with most challenges for sustainability development. The scarcity of water, population growth and degradation of natural ecosystem are some of these challenges. Our findings showed relations between variables of model based on expert interview and previous researches. The results indicated land productivity is directly affected by node Agriculture area certified organic.We predicted with developing Agriculture area certified organic and conservation agricultural area, and productivity can be increased in EU Countries. Also, our findings showed with decreasing N2O and CH4 emissions indicators, increased Enivironmental performance index in EU countries and decreasesd in Middle East countries.Therefore, EU countries is improved agricultural practices and pesticides and fertilizer, But ME countries have not been successful in improving the environmental performance index and sustainable development objectives.

Countries have to deal with the sustainability of food supply and demand due to factors such as rapid increase in demand for agricultural food products on a global scale and climate change. Therefore, productivity and agricultural value added products have become strategically important to ensure food security. Developed countries provide a significant amount of value added in the agricultural sector. The aim of the study was to determine primary factors affecting the agricultural value added production in Turkey and EU15 countries and to determine how Turkey differs from these countries as a developing country. In this context, the long-term impact of government effectiveness, political stability and gross domestic product on agricultural value added has been investigated for the EU15 countries and Turkey for the period of 2002-2019. Results indicated that Turkey had a lower agricultural value added amount than the EU15 countries. While a statistically significant and positive relationship between agricultural value added and agricultural GDP and Political Stability Index, a statistically significant and negative relationship between agricultural value added and Government Effectiveness Index were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Income inequality is one of the most important issues that is of serious concern to economic policymakers due to its impact on various aspects of economic welfare and food. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the increase in the agricultural value added and income inequality. For this purpose, the Pooled Mean Group(PMG) approach has been used for the period of 2005-2014. The results show that the effects of increasing the agricultural value added on income inequality are negative and different results are obtained at sub-sectors. The most important finding of this research is that agricultural policies have very different results in sub-sectors and regions. Therefore, it is suggested to change the macro-sector approach of the agricultural sector and replace it with the macro-sub-sector approach. In the following, development policies appropriate to each province and depending on the nature of the subdivisions of each province should be taken into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the dynamic links between per capita CO2 emission, economic growth, agricultural value added, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and investigates the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for a panel of E7 countries spanning the period 1990–2014. The estimates indicate that there is a positive relationship between CO2 emissions and real GDP, non-renewable energy consumption and agricultural value added in the long run, whereas a negative relationship is represented between CO2 emissions and square of real GDP and renewable energy consumption. The results of long-run estimates support the inverted U-shape EKC in these selected countries. Regarding the Granger causality analysis, bi-directional Granger causality exists between non-renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the long run. In regards policy implications and recommendations, E7 countries should keep on increasing the share of renewable energy for the sake of growth purposes in the agricultural sector, thereby reducing fossil energy consumption for environmental improvements.

Provision of sufficient food and elimination of abject poverty have usually been the conventional benefits of agriculture to any society. Meanwhile, despite the fact that Nigeria is an agrarian society, food insecurity and poverty have become the issues of concern among both scholars and policymakers in the recent times. Against this backdrop, this study examined the nexus among agriculture, food security and poverty reduction in Nigeria from 1990 to 2019 within the framework of Cointegration and Granger Causality approach. Data was collected from the Statistical Bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria and the World Development Indicators respectively. The following are the major results that emanated from the study. A long run equilibrium convergence exists among agricultural valued added, food production index and GDP per capita in Nigeria. Similarly, there is a unidirectional causality which flows from food production index to poverty reduction in Nigeria. In the same vein, one way causality flows from poverty reduction to agricultural value added in the country. Consequently, this study makes the following recommendation for the policymakers in Nigeria, and other African countries by extension, that agricultural value added and food production are the important variables that cannot be undermined when poverty reduction occupies the central focus of the policymakers. Therefore, any time these policymakers want to reduce poverty, policies that will drive agricultural value added and food production should be embarked upon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gazdalkodas is the property of Herman Otto Intezet Nonprofit Kft. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper studies the dynamic relationships between per-capita combustible renewables and waste (CRW) consumption, agricultural value added (AVA), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and real gross domestic product (GDP) for the case of Brazil, spanning the period 1980–2013. There is long-run cointegration between the considered variables. Short-run empirical findings reveal that there is a unidirectional causality running from agriculture to CO2 emissions and to GDP. However, there is long-run bidirectional causality between all considered variables. The long-run estimates show that both CRW consumption and AVA contribute to increase economic growth and to decrease CO2 emissions. Agricultural production and CRW consumption appear to play substitutable roles in the Brazilian economy as increasing CRW consumption reduces AVA in the long run, and vice versa. In addition, economic growth increases agricultural production and CRW production. Brazil is advised to continue encouraging agriculture and biofuels productions. The present substitutability between agriculture and biofuels productions could be reduced or even stopped by encouraging second-generation biofuels and discouraging first-generation biofuels. This may be done by policies of subsidization or of taxation, encouraging R&D and giving advantageous credits.

The increasing concern of environmental degradation and climate change impacts of agricultural-based activities are becoming more pronounced in the Sub-Sahara region of Africa especially due to urgent drive to meeting food, healthy diet, and economic needs. In retrospect. This novel study explores the relationship between agro-economic performance, the Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Total natural rent, urbanization and environmental degradation vis-à-vis (Carbon dioxide emissions) in a carbon function. The empirical analysis used a panel data for the period 1980–2014 for the selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The Kao test uncovers a cointegration between carbon dioxide emissions, Real Gross domestic product, Total natural rent, agriculture and urbanization. The panel Pooled Mean Autoregressive distributed lag model (PMG-ARDL) posits a positive and significant connection between the gross domestic product and CO2 emissions in the long run. Our examination asserts that agricultural value-added reduces emissions in sub-Saharan Africa while urbanization and natural resource rent both increases CO2 emissions in the long run. In addition, the causality analysis reveals a bidirectional link between agriculture value-added and CO2 emissions. Essentially, policymakers in African nations must pay close attention to the issues of rural-urban drift as this leads to more emissions.

The collapse of the international price of crude oil in 2015 and its attendant negative consequences on government fiscal capacity and development efforts re-echoed the need for Nigerians to return to agriculture as the surest means of conserving foreign exchange and revamping productive capacity. Within this context, this paper investigates, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag methodology, the impact of Nigeria's trade policy and infrastructural development on agricultural value added. Findings show that in the long-run Nigeria's trade liberalisation policy is a disincentive to the growth of the agricultural sector's value added, while key components of infrastructure (roads, telecommunications and electricity consumption) had a significant relationship and positive impact on the agricultural sector. Inter alia, the paper recommends that government strengthen the current selective ban on some agricultural products while it implements the recommendations of the African Development Bank Infrastructure Plan for Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the dynamic links between per capita CO2 emission, economic growth, agricultural value added, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and investigates the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for a panel of E7 countries spanning the period 1990–2014. The estimates indicate that there is a positive relationship between CO2 emissions and real GDP, non-renewable energy consumption and agricultural value added in the long run, whereas a negative relationship is represented between CO2 emissions and square of real GDP and renewable energy consumption. The results of long-run estimates support the inverted U-shape EKC in these selected countries. Regarding the Granger causality analysis, bi-directional Granger causality exists between non-renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the long run. In regards policy implications and recommendations, E7 countries should keep on increasing the share of renewable energy for the sake of growth purposes in the agricultural sector, thereby reducing fossil energy consumption for environmental improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Uluslararasi Ekonomi ve Yenilik Dergisi is the property of Karadeniz Technical University, Depertmant of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We examine the dynamic relationships between per capita carbon dioxide emissions, real gross domestic product (GDP), non-hydroelectric renewable energy (NHRE) consumption, agricultural value added (AVA), and agricultural land (AGRL) use for the case of Argentina over the period 1980–2013 by employing the autoregressive distributed lag bound approach to cointegration and Granger causality tests. The Fisher statistics of the Wald test are examined, and the existence of a long-run cointegration between variables is proved. There are long-run bidirectional causalities between all considered variables. The short-run Granger causality suggests bidirectional causality between AVA and agricultural land use, unidirectional causalities running from AGRL to NHRE and from NHRE to AVA. Long-run elasticity estimates suggest that increasing AGRL reduces carbon emissions; increasing AVA increases GDP and reduces pollution, AGRL, and NHRE; and increasing NHRE reduces AVA and AGRL. Thus, it seems that agriculture and renewable energy are substitute activities and compete for land use. We recommend that Argentina should continue to encourage agricultural production. The substitutability between agricultural and non-hydroelectric renewable energy productions, and their competition for agricultural land use, should be at least reduced or even stopped by encouraging research and development in second-generation (or even in third-generation) biofuel production and in new technologies for renewable energy and for agriculture more efficient in land use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the dynamic relationships between per-capita combustible renewables and waste (CRW) consumption, agricultural value added (AVA), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and real gross domestic product (GDP) for the case of Brazil, spanning the period 1980–2013. There is long-run cointegration between the considered variables. Short-run empirical findings reveal that there is a unidirectional causality running from agriculture to CO2 emissions and to GDP. However, there is long-run bidirectional causality between all considered variables. The long-run estimates show that both CRW consumption and AVA contribute to increase economic growth and to decrease CO2 emissions. Agricultural production and CRW consumption appear to play substitutable roles in the Brazilian economy as increasing CRW consumption reduces AVA in the long run, and vice versa. In addition, economic growth increases agricultural production and CRW production. Brazil is advised to continue encouraging agriculture and biofuels productions. The present substitutability between agriculture and biofuels productions could be reduced or even stopped by encouraging second-generation biofuels and discouraging first-generation biofuels. This may be done by policies of subsidization or of taxation, encouraging R&D and giving advantageous credits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kafkas University, Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences Faculty / Kafkas Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of University of Kafkas, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agricultural Research is one of the most important factors in agricultural development, thus, the role and importance of research is increasing. Within the past years, all developed and consequently developing countries have engaged their most attention to promote their researches indexes. This study is investigating the effect of agricultural research on the distribution of income and agricultural value added in Iran, during the period of 1976 - 2012. Three SLS methods were used to determine the income distribution functions, value added and per capita income. The results showed that agricultural researches were effective on improvement of agricultural value added. The results also express that continuance in agricultural researches can increase per capita income and less inequality of income distribution. Effect of agricultural value added on inequality of income distribution was low but though increase in agricultural value added and decrease it.

Climate change, which is one of the most important global problems of recent years, is increasing its influence. Non-natural changes in the climate leading to various problems in the environmental, social and economic dimensions that affect sustainability considerably. The agricultural sector is at the forefront of the sectors most affected by climate change. Thus, change in temperature and precipitation caused by climate change affect the agriculture sector by affecting both the quantity of product and the quality of the product. In this way, climate change also influences economic growth in countries. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of climate change on agriculture sector and economic growth for the 10 countries most affected by climate change according to the Global Climate Change Risk Index. Panel data analysis technique was used in the study for the period 1990-2016. The results obtained show that climate change has a negative effect on economic growth and agricultural value added in certain countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is the first attempt to explore the impact of per capita renewable energy consumption and agricultural value added on carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions in four selected countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN-4: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand) from 1970 to 2013. By examining the existence of the environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, our results of long-run estimates do not support the inverted U-shape EKC in the selected countries. The estimates indicate that increasing renewable energy and agriculture decreases CO 2 emissions, while non-renewable energy is positively correlated to emissions. Short-run Granger causal relationships exist from non-renewable energy to emissions and to agriculture, from economic growth to agriculture, and from agriculture to renewable energy directly. Long-run causalities indicate the existence of feedback causalities between emissions, renewable energy and non-renewable energy. Our policy implication is that developing sustainable agriculture can promote renewable energy and reduce emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World is the property of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article investigates the impact of sectoral production allocation, energy usage patterns and trade openness on pollutant emissions in a panel consisting of high-, medium- and low-income countries. Extended STIRPAT (Stochastic Impact by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology) and EKC (Environmental Kuznets Curve) models are conducted to systematically identify these factors driving CO2 emissions in these countries during the period 1980-2010. To this end, the study employs three different heterogeneous, dynamic mean group-type linear panel models and one nonlinear panel data estimation procedure that allows for cross-sectional dependence. While affluence, nonrenewable energy consumption and energy intensity variables are found to drive pollutant emissions in linear models, population is also found to be a significant driver in the nonlinear model. Both service sector and agricultural value-added levels play a significant role in reducing pollution levels, whereas industrialisation increases pollution levels. Although the linear model fails to track any significant impact of trade openness, the nonlinear model finds trade liberalisation to significantly affect emission reduction levels. All of these results suggest that economic development, and especially industrialisation strategies and environmental policies, need to be coordinated to play a greater role in emission reduction due to trade liberalisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a percentage of national gross domestic product (GDP), farming is typically small in middle-income and wealthier countries. But national accounts include only on-farm activities, giving both the public and policymakers an impression that the food sector is a minor actor in the economy. Much of past development literature, using household expenditures, considered that farming generated few positive externalities, with few backward and forward linkages to other sectors, inviting the conclusion that stimulating agriculture was a low priority to boost economic development, especially in Latin America. Using national accounts, this study employs a concept of an expanded value added to capture agricultures intersectoral linkages, yielding a more useful measure of sector size. In the case of Chile, the expanded primary sector's contribution is approximately double that of simple national accounts, with forward links far exceeding backward. A more refined division of labor and economic specialization, perhaps enhanced by trade openness, appears to explain in part agriculture's declining share in national GDP and the growth of sectoral linkages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study has two aims, to provide a further contribute to the literature on land market, and to highlight the possible relationships between some macroeconomic factors affecting the land values trend in Italy and in Sicily. The data obtainable from the available information sources in the field were collected and processed. More in detail, in the first part of the paper a reference scenario is described through the presentation of the general features of agricultural land market, relying upon the specific scientific literature. Hereinafter, some time series at national and Sicilian level were built by using average agricultural land values, inflation rates and agricultural value added (at current and constant prices) and the relationships between the abovementioned economic factors were pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]