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Abstract Purpose To report the refractive outcomes of long (≥25.00 mm) and short (≤22.00 mm) axial length (AL) eyes undergoing immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS). Methods In this retrospective cohort study, patients who underwent ISBCS were identified and eyes of patients with bilateral long and short ALs were included. Pre- and postoperative biometry, autorefraction, and ocular comorbidities or complications were recorded. The primary outcome was the mean refractive prediction error. Results Thirty-seven patients (74 eyes) with long ALs and 18 patients (36 eyes) with short ALs were included. The means ± standard deviations of the ALs were 26.40 ± 1.38 mm and 21.44 ± 0.46 mm in the long and short AL groups, respectively. In long AL eyes, the mean absolute error from the biometry-predicted refraction was − 0.16 ± 0.46 D, corresponding to 74% of eyes achieving a refraction within ±0.50 D of the predicted value. In short AL eyes, the mean absolute error was − 0.63 ± 0.73 D, corresponding to 44% of eyes achieving a refraction within ±0.50 D of the predicted value. Eight (44.4%) patients with short AL eyes had a myopic deviation greater than ±0.50 D from the predicted result in both eyes. Conclusions Compared to patients with long AL eyes, ISBCS in patients with short ALs had a wider variance in refractive outcome and a lower rate of achieving a postoperative refraction within ±0.50 D of the predicted target.

Industrial reception spaces (IRSs) are receptacles for a large part of the national socioeconomic activity in Morocco. They contribute substantially to sustaining economic growth and national dynamics of industrialization. These areas are increasingly faced with several constraints, notably deficient infrastructure, competitiveness, and compliance with the new environmental legislation. These constraints stem from the proven and potential impacts of CC on both individual industrial units and the IRS as a common space. There is an urgent need to make these spaces environment-friendly and more resilient to current and future climate risks through appropriate methodological approaches, leading to effective climate risk management and implementation of proactive CC adaptation strategies. This was the context in which this study was conducted. As a case study, the industrial area (IA) of Aït Melloul, located near the city of Agadir in Morocco, was based on a participatory approach of climate risk assessment involving a task force representing the main socio-economic and state operators concerned by this IA. This was accomplished by analyzing the risks and vulnerabilities of the IRS and the agri-food units within it. The analysis provides key elements for a future strategy for business sector resilience and energy transition. The new project to requalify Ait Melloul IA would provide an opportunity to incorporate these elements as well as to capitalize on lessons learned from programs at the local level, particularly about energy efficiency and building the adaptive capacity of businesses.

To be sustainable, mobility must be smart, safe, fair, and take into account the harmful effects on the environment. It must improve the quality of citizen’s life by safeguarding human health and natural ecosystems. This sustainable mobility must optimize resource consumption and public spaces, facilitate accessibility, promote economic dynamism, commit to the social responsibility of individuals, companies, and society, and respect environmental integrity [1]. Thus, sustainable mobility contributes to development and responds to the travel demands of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs [2]. All modes of transport emitted in Morocco in 2014: 16 million tons of CO2 equivalent representing 19.2% of the country's total emissions. Morocco has set itself a target of 42% for reducing GHG emissions from the year 2030 [3]. This article presents the results of research conducted for the setting up of a new model of sustainable mobility - in a horizon of 20 years – in an urban Moroccan area, booming 'Fez'. It offers a conceptual approach to measuring the sustainability of the transport system. An analysis of the supply and the need for trips in a reference situation first allows for formalizing realistic objectives. Then, a sustainable mobility model is developed to prevent social and environmental costs from being higher than the services provided by the transport systems of this city. Finally, a comparison between the trend situation and the corrected situation with this sustainable mobility model allows us to appreciate its contribution.

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign bone tumor affecting mainly children and young adults. It occurs in the metaphysis of the long bones. The scapula is a very rare location. Imaging may be highly suggestive of ABC in cases of an osteolytic, expansive, and hemorrhagic lesion with fluid-fluid levels and thin septa. The diagnosis must systematically be confirmed by performing a biopsy, in order to adopt the best therapeutic strategy. There are several therapeutic means, but wide resection remains the gold standard. The evolution is very variable and can go from spontaneous healing to recurrence with the destruction of the bone. We report a rare case of aneurysmal bone cyst of the scapula in a young patient.

Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare condition commonly associated with skeletal symptoms. At the advanced stage, it can lead to aseptic bone necrosis (AVN) and pathological fractures. The medical treatment by enzymatic replacement therapy (ERT) has considerably improved a patient's quality of life, but without being able to avoid bone-related complications. The handling of these patients in terms of orthopedic surgery is quite specific, and very few publications discussed the surgical management of this disorder in the literature. Case report: We are reporting a rare case of a 50-year-old female who presented with a pathologic fracture on a deformed femur with an Ehrlenmeyer flake aspect. She underwent surgical treatment by percutaneous nailing using an MRI-compatible Titanium implant. Conclusion: Through this paper, we are trying to briefly define GD, summarize his bone-related manifestations, and outline the appropriate measures and precautions that should be considered by orthopedic surgeons when dealing with skeletal complications of this rare disease.

Siltation of dams appears as an urgent global concern, especially in arid and semi-arid regions concerned by the challenges of managing their limited water resources. These challenges worsen by the increase in water demand driven by population growth, aggravated by the adverse effects of climate change, in particular the siltation of dam reservoirs. This article focuses on the spatiotemporal analysis of the accumulation of sediments in Moroccan dam reservoirs. The methodology involves the collection, verification, correction, and interpolation of bathymetric data, which are organized and visualized in temporal and spatial dimensions using a dedicated Geographic Information System (GIS). The spatial distribution maps generated facilitate the identification of the area most severely impacted by the siltation of dams. The analysis emphasizes that siltation affects all Moroccan watersheds, with a particular emphasis on the Moulouya watershed due to the characteristics of its soil and its arid climate, further aggravated by heavy rainfall and deforestation. This integrated approach, combining bathymetric data with GIS technologies, improves our understanding of dam siltation in Morocco. The results provide valuable information for decision-makers and water resource managers, providing essential information for strategic planning and the implementation of measures to mitigate the impact of siltation.

The flow in the bend channel used as spillway chute is complex due to the turbulence, the presence of shock waves, and vibrations. These transverse waves can damage the hydraulic structure. Our aim in this paper is to investigate the distribution of water surface in five curved channels with five relative curvatures ρ, different bottom slopes (1%, 2%, 10%, and 18%) and three different cross-sections. The objective is to give a solution to reduce the height difference between the inner and the outer walls. To achieve this goal, we used physical models to investigate the flow patterns, explore critical zones, and test several solutions to have a better performance. The reliability and accuracy of the numerical results were validated using the physical modelling for each case tested. Moreover, a comparison between the measured data, theoretical calculations, and numerical outcomes was done, to find a fitting law between the maximum wave height and the bend number. Furthermore, an optimal position of the guide wall was identified in real project of a spillway. The results of the physical model and numerical simulation show a good agreement; thus, the numerical model can play a crucial role in order to study hydraulic parameters, pressure, and velocity field and find solutions for hydraulic problems that occur in these structures.

Background: Frohse syndrome is a very rare upper limb compression syndrome. It is caused by compression of the posterior interosseous nerve at the arcade of Frohse. It is clinically diagnosed, by a low paralysis of the radial nerve, a deficit of extension of the fingers, a radial deviation of the wrist, and a complete wrist extension. Additional paraclinical investigations will be conducted to determine the cause of the compression. The treatment is almost always surgical and consists of a neurolysis of the posterior interosseous nerve at the elbow. Case report: The authors report a case of posterior interosseous nerve compression at the arcade of Forhse by a synovial cyst, a very rare localization with a favorable prognosis., We followed the patient in the short and medium term, After six months, the patient started progressive recovery of the active extension of his fingers. Conclusion: Ignoring the posterior interosseous nerve palsy syndrome may lead to a diagnostic error and the outcome of this operation depends on the observed nerve damages.

Post-traumatic dislocation of the hip is a surgical emergency that is usually caused by a high-energy trauma in a context of polytrauma. The pure obturator hip dislocation variant is very rare. It is considered an emergency, and its management must be done within 6 h by a qualified surgeon in order to reduce the risk of osteonecrosis of the femoral head and iatrogenic fractures. Herein, we report the case of a pure obturator dislocation of the hip, following a high-energy trauma. The patient was treated urgently by closed reduction under general anesthesia. The functional and radiological results after 2 years were satisfactory, without signs of avascular necrosis.

This article highlights the need to rethink how to manage mobility in Morocco more intelligently, given that it is a major pillar of economic competitiveness. Smart mobility based on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) allows to improve and ensure the optimal use of existing infrastructure before embarking on heavy and irreversible infrastructure projects. The case regarding the separation of the urban traffic and the Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV) traffic circulating between Casablanca Port and Zenata Dry Port is a relevant example where smart mobility could provide efficient solutions without building costly tunnels. A dynamic simulation was made using the Aimsun software to quantify the relevance of the proposed lane designated to HGV in the existing road. This simulation allows to visualise congestion sections and quantify the circulation of vehicles and pedestrians. The article presents defined functions and characteristics of the Advanced Traffic Management (ATM) to ensure the optimal operation and efficient setting of the simulation. All appliances, hardware, and sensors that will be set up on-site will help to improve traffic safety, traffic flow, traffic information, and reduce congestion and pollution. This case study illustrates the complexity of managing the flow of goods in cities and suggests how to solve this type of problems using smart mobility. This research proposes reserving a special lane for HGV. ITS will help this cost-optimal alternative, will promote the urban framework of the coastal road, and contribute to sustainable mobility in Casablanca.

Abstract Background and study aims The success of conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) among primary THA and revision THA remains unclear. We hypothesized that most conversion THA’s can be performed using primary implants and will have an uncomplicated post-operative course. Materials and methods Thirty-six patients (23 females, mean age 68,0y) who underwent conversion THA for failed interventions for proximal femur fractures in the period 2008–2018 were matched sequentially against patients of the same sex and age who underwent primary THA or revision THA. Data were collected on implants used, major complications, and mortality. PROMs used included the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index, Harris Hip Score, Visual Analogue Scale and the EQ-5D Health Questionnaire. Results Seventy-two percent of patients who underwent conversion THA were treated with primary implants and never suffered from a major complication. PROMs were excellent for this group of patients. The distinction primary/conversion/revision THA could not explain differences in outcomes; however, the necessity of using revision implants and the development of major complications could. Conclusions The majority of conversion total hip arthroplasties can be considered a primary replacement. Predicting outcomes for THA should focus on patient frailty and technical difficulties dealing with infection, stability and loss of bone stock and should discard the conversion versus revision terminology.

The role of a drinking water distribution network (DWDN) is to supply high-quality water at the necessary pressure at various times of the day for several consumption scenarios. Locating and identifying water leakage areas has become a major concern for managers of the water supply, to optimize and improve constancy of supply. In this paper, we present the results of field research conducted to detect and to locate leaks in the DWDN focusing on the resolution of the Fixed And Variable Area Discharge (FAVAD) equation by use of the prediction algorithms in conjunction with hydraulic modeling and the Geographical Information System (GIS). The leak localization method is applied in the oldest part of Casablanca. We have used, in this research, two methodologies in different leak episodes: (i) the first episode is based on a simulation of artificial leaks on the MATLAB platform using the EPANET code to establish a database of pressures that describes the network's behavior in the presence of leaks. The data thus established have been fed into a machine learning algorithm called random forest, which will forecast the leakage rate and its location in the network; (ii) the second was field-testing a real simulation of artificial leaks by opening and closing of hydrants, on different locations with a leak size of 6 and 17 L s−1. The two methods converged to comparable results. The leak position is spotted within a 100 m radius of the actual leaks.

La rareté actuelle des manifestations ostéoarticulaires de la syphilis tend à faire oublier et méconnaître certains aspects autrefois banals de l´affection. L´arthropathie tabétique, affection neurogène destructrice, est due à une perte de l´innervation douloureuse et proprioceptive. Elle est devenue exceptionnelle grâce au traitement précoce de la syphilis par la pénicilline. Nous rapportons le cas d´un patient de 58 ans, consultant pour une monoarthrite du genou révélant d´une arthopathie tabétique.

Giant squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) larger than 5 cm in diameter are uncommon; there is no guideline on the size of an SCC that is considered giant. Treatment may be difficult with the need for large tissue resections and complex surgical reconstruction. We report a rare case of giant squamous cell carcinoma of the shoulder attached to deep anatomic planes. The entire mass was removed, resulting in a large defect that was repaired with myocutaneous flap rotation of the latissimus dors. Three courses of radiotherapy were performed after surgery. Fifteen months after the operation, the patient is well and working without any local recurrence and metastasis.

Primary localised bone lymphoma is a rare affection prevalent in humans. It often involves long bones, but can be found in all the skeleton bones. The diagnosis is based on the anatomopathological study with immunohistochemical study of a bone biopsy. Treatment is based on chemotherapy (with or without anti-CD20) followed by radiotherapy. The prognosis of primary localised bone lymphoma is very favorable. We also report the first diagnosed case of primary bone lymphoma of the humerus since the inauguration of our university hospital (since September 2014).