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461 results on '"Agnihotri, S."'

4. Epigenomic alterations define lethal CIMP-positive ependymomas of infancy

Author

Mack, SC, Witt, H, Piro, RM, Gu, L, Zuyderduyn, S, Stütz, AM, Wang, X, Gallo, M, Garzia, L, Zayne, K, Zhang, X, Ramaswamy, V, Jäger, N, Jones, DTW, Sill, M, Pugh, TJ, Ryzhova, M, Wani, KM, Shih, DJH, Head, R, Remke, M, Bailey, SD, Zichner, T, Faria, CC, Barszczyk, M, Stark, S, Seker-Cin, H, Hutter, S, Johann, P, Bender, S, Hovestadt, V, Tzaridis, T, Dubuc, AM, Northcott, PA, Peacock, J, Bertrand, KC, Agnihotri, S, Cavalli, FMG, Clarke, I, Nethery-Brokx, K, Creasy, CL, Verma, SK, Koster, J, Wu, X, Yao, Y, Milde, T, Sin-Chan, P, Zuccaro, J, Lau, L, Pereira, S, Castelo-Branco, P, Hirst, M, Marra, MA, Roberts, SS, Fults, D, Massimi, L, Cho, YJ, Van Meter, T, Grajkowska, W, Lach, B, Kulozik, AE, von Deimling, A, Witt, O, Scherer, SW, Fan, X, Muraszko, KM, Kool, M, Pomeroy, SL, Gupta, N, Phillips, J, Huang, A, Tabori, U, Hawkins, C, Malkin, D, Kongkham, PN, Weiss, WA, Jabado, N, Rutka, JT, Bouffet, E, Korbel, JO, Lupien, M, Aldape, KD, Bader, GD, Eils, R, Lichter, P, Dirks, PB, Pfister, SM, Korshunov, A, and Taylor, MD

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Pediatric, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, Animals, Brain Neoplasms, CpG Islands, DNA Methylation, Embryonic Stem Cells, Ependymoma, Epigenesis, Genetic, Epigenomics, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Gene Silencing, Histones, Humans, Infant, Mice, Mice, Inbred NOD, Mice, SCID, Mutation, Phenotype, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, Prognosis, Rhombencephalon, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Ependymomas are common childhood brain tumours that occur throughout the nervous system, but are most common in the paediatric hindbrain. Current standard therapy comprises surgery and radiation, but not cytotoxic chemotherapy as it does not further increase survival. Whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing of 47 hindbrain ependymomas reveals an extremely low mutation rate, and zero significant recurrent somatic single nucleotide variants. Although devoid of recurrent single nucleotide variants and focal copy number aberrations, poor-prognosis hindbrain ependymomas exhibit a CpG island methylator phenotype. Transcriptional silencing driven by CpG methylation converges exclusively on targets of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 which represses expression of differentiation genes through trimethylation of H3K27. CpG island methylator phenotype-positive hindbrain ependymomas are responsive to clinical drugs that target either DNA or H3K27 methylation both in vitro and in vivo. We conclude that epigenetic modifiers are the first rational therapeutic candidates for this deadly malignancy, which is epigenetically deregulated but genetically bland.

Published
2014

7. Preparation and characterization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetically guided drug delivery

Author

Kumar P, Agnihotri S, and Roy I

Subjects
SPION, Dox, Dox-CA-SPION, magnetically guided delivery, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Pramod Kumar, Shrish Agnihotri, Indrajit Roy Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India Abstract: Iron oxide nanoparticles have unique magnetic properties and therefore readily respond to applied magnetic fields. Moreover, their surfaces can be used to attach active molecules via various covalent or noncovalent interactions. Thus, they can be used as drug carriers for magnetically controlled delivery to specific biological sites of interest. In the present study, we have synthesized aqueous dispersed samples of citric acid-capped iron oxide nanoparticles, and the anticancer drug doxorubicin was then linked with these superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles via a simple noncovalent interaction. Our results show that the conjugated drug releases from the nanoparticles in a sustained manner. The cellular uptake of these nanoparticles was found to be substantial, although it can be further enhanced using magnetic guidance. These nanoparticles (drug free) were found to be nontoxic to cells; however, upon drug conjugation, drug-induced toxicity was observed, owing to the slow release of drug from the nanoparticles. Keywords: SPION, Dox, Dox-CA-SPION, magnetically guided delivery

Published
2018

8. Targeting Nuclear Pore Complex to Radiosensitize Glioblastoma Stem Cells

Author

Yang, K., primary, Ci, S., additional, Zhang, J., additional, Lu, C., additional, Zhang, Q., additional, Wu, Q., additional, Hu, L., additional, Gao, J., additional, Li, D., additional, Shan, D., additional, Li, Y., additional, Li, L., additional, Zhao, L., additional, Agnihotri, S., additional, Qian, X., additional, Shi, Y., additional, Zhang, N., additional, You, Y., additional, Wang, X., additional, and Rich, J.N., additional

Published
2022
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10. Silicosis with bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax in Rajasthan

Author

Bairwa, Manish, Joshi, Nalin, and Agnihotri, S.

Subjects
Silicon dioxide, Silicosis -- Risk factors, Lung diseases -- Risk factors, Pneumothorax -- Risk factors, Respiratory tract diseases, Occupations, Environmental issues, Health
Abstract

Byline: Manish. Bairwa, Nalin. Joshi, S. Agnihotri Background and Aims: Silicosis is an occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica. People working in occupations like sandblasting, surface drilling, [...]

Published
2019

16. Dramatic changes to well-known places go unnoticed

Author

Agnihotri S, Gordon Winocur, Halilova Jg, D'Angelo Mc, Jennifer D. Ryan, R.S. Rosenbaum, and Morris Moscovitch

Subjects
History, Data science
Abstract

How well do we know our city? It turns out, much more poorly than we might imagine. We used declarative memory and eye-tracking techniques to examine people’s ability to detect modifications of landmarks in Toronto locales with which they have had extensive experience. Participants were poor at identifying which scenes contained altered landmarks, whether the modification was to the landmarks’ relative size, internal features, or surrounding context. To determine whether an indirect measure would prove more sensitive, we tracked eye movements during viewing. Changes in overall visual exploration, but not to specific regions of change, were related to participants’ explicit endorsement of scenes as modified. These results support the contention that very familiar landmarks are strongly integrated within the spatial context in which they were first experienced, so that any changes that are consciously detected are at a global or coarse, but not local or fine-grained, level.

Published
2020

21. Case 4

Author

Agnihotri, S., Ramesh, V., Mukherjee, A., Mitra, R. S., and Kubba, A.

Published
2001

37. Synthesis of Photoactive SPIONs Doped with Visible Light Activated Photosensitizer

Author

Agnihotri S, Roy I, and Kumar P

Subjects
Materials science, Singlet oxygen, medicine.medical_treatment, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmaceutical Science, Medicine (miscellaneous), Nanoparticle, Bioengineering, Nanotechnology, Photodynamic therapy, 02 engineering and technology, Conjugated system, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, medicine, Nanomedicine, Photosensitizer, 0210 nano-technology, Citric acid, Superparamagnetism, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

We have synthesized low cost and water dispersed citric acid coated iron-oxide nanoparticles at room temperature. TEM data were 10 shown the average diameter of these nanoparticles around 15 nm and XRD were then used to the crystalline nature of these particles. VSM experiment showed that these nanoparticles are superparamagnetic, with high magnetization (78 emu/g). In vitro studies have shown that these nanoparticles are nontoxic to human cells in culture. The citric acid coated superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (CA-SPIONs) conjugated with a photosensitizer (PS-CA-SPIONs) for applications in photodynamic therapy (PDT). These PS-CA- SPIONs, stably-dispersed in aqueous medium, was characterized using optical studies. An Experiment involving light-activated 15 generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) revealed that only the PS-CA-SPIONs, but not free PS, could generate the cytotoxic singlet oxygen. Cell viability studies demonstrated PDT-mediated cytotoxic effects on cells treated with PS-CA-SPIONs and irradiated with light. The results indicate the potential of PS-CA-SPIONs as delivery agents in (photodynamic therapy.

Published
2016

40. Colorectal cancer in Mauritius: facts and figures -­‐ A ten year retrospective study

Author

Bundhoo, S and Agnihotri, S

Subjects
Colorectal cancer (CRC), Facts and Figures, Mauritius, Epidemiology, Screening, National Cancer Registry (NCR)
Abstract

Among the various types of cancers in Mauritius, colorectal cancer has evolved as 1st in male and 3rd in female in 2008 (National Cancer Action Plan 2010 MOH & QL, Mauritius). Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. A retrospective study of 10 years (2001-­‐2010) has been carried out using the National Cancer Registry (NCR) data. In our study, age wise distribution showed that the highest incidence rate was seen in age group of 55-­‐ 74. Male to female ratio was found to be 1.2:1 (p=0.028). Topographic distribution of lesion showed that maximum cases were seen in colon. Among the registered addresses, urban had higher incidence. This study highlights that NCR should be a strong part of future planning for national cancer prevention and control programs. The need to introduce screening like FOBT (Fecal Occult Blood Test) or colonoscopy, for colorectal cancer in people more than 50 years for early diagnosis and control of the disease in Mauritius is advocated.KEY WORDS: Colorectal cancer (CRC); Facts and Figures; Mauritius; Epidemiology; Screening, National Cancer Registry (NCR)

Published
2014

41. Umbilical sinus: case report of a rare malformation with a brief insight into the other vitellointestinal duct anomalies

Author

Agnihotri, S., Sarma, H.N., and Jeebun, N.

Subjects
Umbilical cord -- Abnormalities, Gastrointestinal system -- Abnormalities, Gastrointestinal system -- Diagnosis, Gastrointestinal system -- Development and progression, Gastrointestinal system -- Case studies, Health
Abstract

Table of Contents Abstract Introduction Case Report Conclusion References Abstract Umbilical sinus is a very rare type of malformation among all the vitellointestinal duct anomalies. Its clinical presentation is that [...]

Published
2007

47. Study of cervical cancers in Mauritius over a twelve years period (1989-2000) and role of cervical screening

Author

Jeebun, N., Agnihotri, S., Manraj, S.S., and Purwar, B.

Subjects
Cancer -- Research, Women -- Health aspects, Cancer -- Care and treatment, Oncology, Experimental, Cervical cancer, Health
Abstract

Table of Contents Abstract Introduction Methodology Results Discussion Conclusion References Abstract Cervical cancer is among the most dangerous diseases affecting women worldwide. In Mauritius, it is the second most common [...]

Published
2006

48. Determination of sex by hand dimensions

Author

Agnihotri, A.K., Purwar, B., Jeebun, N., and Agnihotri, S.

Subjects
Physical anthropology -- Usage, Physical anthropology -- Methods, Physical anthropology -- Research, Sex determination, Genetic -- Methods, Sex determination, Genetic -- Research, Health
Abstract

Table of Contents Abstract Introduction Methodology Results Discussion References Abstract The aim of our physical anthropometric study was to determine sex (male/female) by hand dimensions. Two hundred and fifty students [...]

Published
2006

49. Molecular effects of irradiation on vestibular schwannomas: microarray and pathway analysis reveal the role of ErbB-Signaling

Author

Gugel, I, Agnihotri, S, Feigl, G, Bornemann, A, Tatagiba, M, and Krischek, B

Subjects
Vestibular Schwannoma, ddc: 610, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Irradiation, Gene expression, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Objective: Even though stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy are well-established treatment modalities for vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients, vestibular schwannoma tumor cells are relatively resistant to irradiation. The radioresistance is possibly due to their low proliferation[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 64. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC)

Published
2013
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50. Genomic analysis of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas identifies three molecular subgroups and recurrent activating ACVR1 mutations.

Author

Dunn S., Cain J., Brennan C., Souweidane M.M., Jones C., Allis C.D., Brudno M., Becher O., Buczkowicz P., Hoeman C., Rakopoulos P., Pajovic S., Letourneau L., Dzamba M., Morrison A., Lewis P., Bouffet E., Bartels U., Zuccaro J., Agnihotri S., Ryall S., Barszczyk M., Chornenkyy Y., Bourgey M., Bourque G., Montpetit A., Cordero F., Castelo-Branco P., Mangerel J., Tabori U., Ho K.C., Huang A., Taylor K.R., Mackay A., Bendel A.E., Nazarian J., Fangusaro J.R., Karajannis M.A., Zagzag D., Foreman N.K., Donson A., Hegert J.V., Smith A., Chan J., Lafay-Cousin L., Hawkins C., Hukin J., Dunham C., Scheinemann K., Michaud J., Zelcer S., Ramsay D., Dunn S., Cain J., Brennan C., Souweidane M.M., Jones C., Allis C.D., Brudno M., Becher O., Buczkowicz P., Hoeman C., Rakopoulos P., Pajovic S., Letourneau L., Dzamba M., Morrison A., Lewis P., Bouffet E., Bartels U., Zuccaro J., Agnihotri S., Ryall S., Barszczyk M., Chornenkyy Y., Bourgey M., Bourque G., Montpetit A., Cordero F., Castelo-Branco P., Mangerel J., Tabori U., Ho K.C., Huang A., Taylor K.R., Mackay A., Bendel A.E., Nazarian J., Fangusaro J.R., Karajannis M.A., Zagzag D., Foreman N.K., Donson A., Hegert J.V., Smith A., Chan J., Lafay-Cousin L., Hawkins C., Hukin J., Dunham C., Scheinemann K., Michaud J., Zelcer S., and Ramsay D.

Abstract

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a fatal brain cancer that arises in the brainstem of children, with no effective treatment and near 100% fatality. The failure of most therapies can be attributed to the delicate location of these tumors and to the selection of therapies on the basis of assumptions that DIPGs are molecularly similar to adult disease. Recent studies have unraveled the unique genetic makeup of this brain cancer, with nearly 80% found to harbor a p.Lys27Met histone H3.3 or p.Lys27Met histone H3.1 alteration. However, DIPGs are still thought of as one disease, with limited understanding of the genetic drivers of these tumors. To understand what drives DIPGs, we integrated whole-genome sequencing with methylation, expression and copy number profiling, discovering that DIPGs comprise three molecularly distinct subgroups (H3-K27M, silent and MYCN) and uncovering a new recurrent activating mutation affecting the activin receptor gene ACVR1 in 20% of DIPGs. Mutations in ACVR1 were constitutively activating, leading to SMAD phosphorylation and increased expression of the downstream activin signaling targets ID1 and ID2. Our results highlight distinct molecular subgroups and novel therapeutic targets for this incurable pediatric cancer. © 2014 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

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