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La crisis energética generada por la guerra en Ucrania ha evidenciado la enorme vulnerabilidad de la Unión Europea (UE) a las importaciones de combustibles fósiles rusos. Como respuesta, la UE ha adoptado el REPowerEU plan, cuyo objetivo es lograr la autonomía energética a corto plazo. Enmarcado en el Pacto Verde Europeo, REPowerEU acelera la transformación energética como componente esencial de la transición hacia la neutralidad climática. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las nuevas medidas introducidas por REPowerEU, valorando su potencial para acelerar la transición energética y su contribución a la agenda climática europea. El análisis revela que la implementación del REPowerEU, no sólo conlleva una renovación acelerada de fuentes y suministradores energéticos, sino también un cambio de modelo energético, en el que la seguridad energética se erige actualmente en la prioridad fundamental, por encima de la lógica tradicional delmercado, asentada en la competitividad y eficiencia económica. -------- ABSTRACT The energy crisis generated by the war in Ukraine has shown the enormous vulnerability of the European Union (EU) to imports of Russian fossil fuels. In response, the EU has adopted the REPowerEU plan, which aims to achieve energy autonomy in the short term. Framed within the European Green Deal, REPowerEU accelerates the energy transformation as an essential component of the transition towards climate neutrality. The objective of this article is to analyze the new measures introduced by REPowerEU, while assessing their potential to accelerate the energy transition and their contribution to the European climate agenda. The analysis reveals that the implementation of REPowerEU not only implies an accelerated renewal of energy sources and suppliers, but also a change in the energy model, in which energy security is cur- rently the fundamental priority above traditional market approach, based on competitiveness and economic efficiency., The energy crisis generated by the war in Ukraine has shown the enormous vulnerability of the European Union (EU) to imports of Russian fossil fuels. In response, the EU has adopted the REPowerEU plan, which aims to achieve energy autonomy in the short term. Framed within the European Green Deal, REPowerEU accelerates the energy transformation as an essential component of the transition towards climate neutrality. The objective of this article is to analyze the new measures introduced by REPowerEU, while assessing their potential to accelerate the energy transition and their contribution to the European climate agenda. The analysis reveals that the implementation of REPowerEU not only implies an accelerated renewal of energy sources and suppliers, but also a change in the energy model, in which energy security is cur- rently the fundamental priority above traditional market approach, based on competitiveness and economic efficiency

El presente artículo analiza críticamente el uso extendido de los denominados Online Dispute Resolution (ODR, por sus siglas en inglés) en el ámbito procesal, para la resolución de conflictos, especialmente en materia de consumo. Explora cómo estos métodos, si bien promocionados como eficientes y accesibles, pueden socavar principios fundamentales de que rigen el proceso, como la igualdad, la legalidad y el desinterés objetivo, así como otros principios típicos de los medios autocompositivos de resolución de conflictos, como la voluntariedad. Desde la perspectiva procesal y de los derechos humanos, se cuestiona el impacto de los ODR en la igualdad de acceso a la justicia y la protección de los derechos individuales. Además, se examinan los riesgos asociados con la privatización de la resolución de disputas y la falta de supervisión y regulación adecuadas en este ámbito. Este artículo busca generar reflexión sobre las implicaciones éticas y sociales de los ODR y promover un debate sobre el equilibrio entre la eficiencia y la equidad en la resolución de conflictos en la era digital., This article critically analyzes the widespread use of so-called Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) in the procedural field for dispute resolution, especially in consumer matters. It explores how these methods, although promoted as efficient and accessible, may undermine fundamental principles governing the process, such as equality, legality and objective disinterestedness, as well as other principles typical of self-compositive means of dispute resolution, such as voluntariness. From a procedural and human rights perspective, the impact of ODR on equal access to justice and the protection of individual rights is questioned. In addition, it examines the risks associated with the privatization of dispute resolution and the lack of adequate oversight and regulation in this area. This article seeks to generate reflection on the ethical and social implications of ODR and to promote a debate on the balance between efficiency and fairness in dispute resolution in the digital age.

El presente estudio se enfoca en la dimensión de los biobancos, en cuanto protagonistas de la dimensión de la investigación científica y, en particular, biomédica. En esta óptica, se aborda el tema de la corporalidad informativamente proyectada, que los datos genéticos y de salud almacenados en los biobancos encarnan, a la búsqueda de un Habeas Data capaz de proporcionar repuestas efectivas y una protección adecuada en la era digital y algorítmica. Desde este punto de vista, se analiza el escenario multifacético, innovador y prometedor marco normativo de la Unión Europea, que actualmente lidera el panorama global en la esfera de la protección de los datos, de la inteligencia artificial y de la creación del Espacio Europeo de Datos Sanitarios. Conclusivamente, se sugiere que justamente el marco normativo de la Unión Europea puede representar un válido modelo universal para la gobernanza de los biobancos., This study focuses on biobanks and their crucial role in the field of scientific and, in particular, biomedical research. From this perspective, it tackles the issue of informationally projected corporality, which «embodies» the genetic and health data stored in biobanks, for the purpose of defining a modern Habeas Data, capable of providing effective responses and an adequate protection in the digital and algorithmic era. From this viewpoint, the innovative legal landscape of the European Union is analysed, placing emphasis on its global leadership in the fields of data protection, artificial intelligence and the creation of the European Health Data Space. Conclusively, this study suggests that the legal framework of the European Union may provide a valuable model for the definition of global governance for biobanks.

El presente trabajo aborda la cuestión del Derecho Humano a la salud en relación con colectivos especialmente vulnerables que, con frecuencia, se ven discriminados en el disfrute de sus Derechos Humanos y libertades fundamentales. En este contexto, nos referiremos a la protección jurídica internacional de ámbito universal del derecho a la salud de las personas con discapacidad. Al respecto, se examinará el concepto de colectivos vulnerables para, a continuación, analizar la protección directa e indirecta del derecho a la salud en la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad, adoptada por las Naciones Unidas en 2006. ---------- ABSTRACT This paper addresses the issue of the Human Right to health in relation to particularly vulnerable groups that are often discriminated against in the enjoyment of their Human Rights and fundamental freedoms. In this context, we will refer to the universal international legal protection of the right to health of persons with disabilities. To do so, we will examine the concept of vulnerable groups and then we will analyze the direct and indirect protection of the right to health in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted by the United Nations in 2006., This paper addresses the issue of the Human Right to health in relation to particularly vulnerable groups that are often discriminated against in the enjoyment of their Human Rights and fundamental freedoms. In this context, we will refer to the universal international legal protection of the right to health of persons with disabilities. To do so, we will examine the concept of vulnerable groups and then we will analyze the direct and indirect protection of the right to health in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted by the United Nations in 2006.

The sensitivity of tree growth to climate is conditioned by several variables, often intermingled, such as the origin of the forest (natural vs. artificial), tree age, tree size and tree-to-tree competition. The effect of these variables is usually inferred from average growth series obtained at the stand level, thus ignoring the differences at the individual tree level and their drivers. Our objective is to disentangle the effects of stand origin, age, size, competition and social status on the sensitivity of tree growth to climate, including the effects of extreme climatic events, such as droughts, on resistance and resilience, and also to show the advantages of using a tree-level approach. To this end, we compared four stands of Pinus sylvestris with contrasting characteristics: young afforested, young of natural origin, old afforested and old of natural origin. We analyzed differences in growth sensitivity to climate at both stand and tree levels to compare both approaches. Our results show the great complexity of the relationships of the variables considered with the sensitivity of growth to climate. All these variables are important and with strong interactions between them, which makes their effects not unidirectional and strongly dependent on the site conditions. While the stand approach hides these interactions, the tree-level approach makes it possible to analyze them in detail. In general, the sensitivity of growth to climate increases with age, diameter, afforested origin, decreasing competition and higher social status; growth resistance increases with age, decreasing diameter, afforested origin, decreasing competition and higher social status; and growth resilience increases with age, diameter, natural origin, decreasing competition and higher social status. We show the usefulness of the analysis of data at individual tree level, which, combined with the joint analysis at stand level, allows us to obtain more accurate and detailed information.

Ribosomes are not totally globular machines. Instead, they comprise prominent structural protrusions and a myriad of tentacle-like projections, which are frequently made up of ribosomal RNA expansion segments and N- or C-terminal extensions of ribosomal proteins. This is more evident in higher eukaryotic ribosomes. One of the most characteristic protrusions, present in small ribosomal subunits in all three domains of life, is the so-called beak, which is relevant for the function and regulation of the ribosome’s activities. During evolution, the beak has transitioned from an all ribosomal RNA structure (helix h33 in 16S rRNA) in bacteria, to an arrangement formed by three ribosomal proteins, eS10, eS12 and eS31, and a smaller h33 ribosomal RNA in eukaryotes. In this review, we describe the different structural and functional properties of the eukaryotic beak. We discuss the state-of-the-art concerning its composition and functional significance, including other processes apparently not related to translation, and the dynamics of its assembly in yeast and human cells. Moreover, we outline the current view about the relevance of the beak’s components in human diseases, especially in ribosomopathies and cancer.

The urgent need for mitigating climate change necessitates a transformative shift in energy production and consumption paradigms. Amidst this challenge, bioenergy emerges as a pivotal contributor to the global energy transition, offering a diverse array of solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels derived from biomass. This mini review delves into the unique potential of bioenergy innovations, particularly renewable diesel, bio jet fuel, and ethanol, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transform various industries. The article highlights critical technological advancements, supportive policies, and cross-sector collaboration essential for a sustainable energy transition. Specific challenges such as ensuring a consistent biomass feedstock supply, decentralizing processing units, and navigating complex regulatory frameworks are examined. Innovative solutions like decentralized biomass processing and enhanced biomass logistics are discussed as pathways to overcome these barriers. The review provides specific recommendations for near-term policies and strategies to support decentralized facilities, showcasing bioenergy’s role in achieving a sustainable future.

Genome integrity relies on the accuracy of DNA metabolism, but as appreciated for more than four decades, transcription enhances mutation and recombination frequencies. More recent research provided evidence for a previously unforeseen link between RNA and DNA metabolism, which is often related to the accumulation of DNA–RNA hybrids and R-loops. In addition to physiological roles, R-loops interfere with DNA replication and repair, providing a molecular scenario for the origin of genome instability. Here, we review current knowledge on the multiple RNA factors that prevent or resolve R-loops and consequent transcription–replication conflicts and thus act as modulators of genome dynamics.

DNA N6-adenine methylation (6mA) has recently gained importance as an epigenetic modification in eukaryotes. Its function in lineages with high levels, such as early-diverging fungi (EDF), is of particular interest. Here, we investigated the biological significance and evolutionary implications of 6mA in EDF, which exhibit divergent evolutionary patterns in 6mA usage. The analysis of two Mucorales species displaying extreme 6mA usage reveals that species with high 6mA levels show symmetric methylation enriched in highly expressed genes. In contrast, species with low 6mA levels show mostly asymmetric 6mA. Interestingly, transcriptomic regulation throughout development and in response to environmental cues is associated with changes in the 6mA landscape. Furthermore, we identify an EDF-specific methyltransferase, likely originated from endosymbiotic bacteria, as responsible for asymmetric methylation, while an MTA-70 methylation complex performs symmetric methylation. The distinct phenotypes observed in the corresponding mutants reinforced the critical role of both types of 6mA in EDF.

Two-neutron halo nuclei, such as 6He, 11Li or 14Be, are known to have a marked (core + n + n) three-body character, which is reflected in breakup, transfer or knockout reactions channels in nucleon-nucleon collisions. Their Borromean nature implies that the correlation between the valence halo neutrons is key to understand their properties, and their structure is also linked to spectra of the unbound core + n systems. Among other phenomena, the role of core collective excitations may be crucial to understand exotic properties such as parity inversion or shell gap quenching in the vicinity of nuclear halos and related systems. In this contribution it is shown that dineutron correlations can be succesfully probed in proton-target knockout reactions, and that core excitation may be an important ingredient for a proper understanding of experimental observations.Two-neutron halo nuclei, such as 6He, 11Li or 14Be, are known to have a marked (core + n + n) three-body character, which is reflected in breakup, transfer or knockout reactions channels in nucleon-nucleon collisions. Their Borromean nature implies that the correlation between the valence halo neutrons is key to understand their properties, and their structure is also linked to spectra of the unbound core + n systems. Among other phenomena, the role of core collective excitations may be crucial to understand exotic properties such as parity inversion or shell gap quenching in the vicinity of nuclear halos and related systems. In this contribution it is shown that dineutron correlations can be succesfully probed in proton-target knockout reactions, and that core excitation may be an important ingredient for a proper understanding of experimental observations.

Anatoxin-a (ATX-a) is a potent neurotoxin produced by several species of cyanobacteria whose exposure can have direct consequences, including neurological disorders and death. The increasing prevalence of harmful cyanobacterial blooms makes the detection and reliable assessment of ATX-a levels essential to prevent the risk associated with public health. Therefore, the aim of this review is to compile the analytical methods developed to date for the detection and quantification of ATX-a levels alone and in mixtures with other cyanotoxins and their suitability. A classification of the analytical methods available is fundamental to make an appropriate choice according to the type of sample, the equipment available, and the required sensitivity and specificity for each specific purpose. The most widely used detection technique for the quantification of this toxin is liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The analytical methods reviewed herein focus mainly on water and cyanobacterial samples, so the need for validated analytical methods in more complex matrices (vegetables and fish) for the determination of ATX-a to assess dietary exposure to this toxin is evidenced. There is currently a trend towards the validation of multitoxin methods as opposed to single-ATX-a determination methods, which corresponds to the real situation of cyanotoxins’ confluence in nature.

The global COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented psychological effect on young people. The current study aimed to examine the associations between parent-child relationships (parental involvement and parental warmth) and, depression, anxiety, stress and flourishing during emerging adulthood in Spain before (2015) and during (2020) the COVID-19 pandemic. The research compares 2828 emerging adults aged between 18 and 29 years from two different cohorts. Every cohort was comprised for two samples. Sample 1-Cohort 1 and Sample 1-Cohort 2 were collected at U. Osuna and Sample2-Cohort 1 and Sample 2-Cohort 2 were collected at U. Sevilla. Regarding the Sample 1-Cohort 2 was recruited in spring 2020, before the lockdown and Sample 2-Cohort 2 on autumn 2020 during Covid crisis. In the Cohort 1 participants were 1301 emerging adults (59.1% women, 40.9% men; M = 20.06, SD = 2.03) and Cohort 2 participants were 1527 emerging adults (64% women, 35.4% men and 0.6% others; M = 20.48, SD = 2.48). Result showed stability in family relationships variables between 2015 and 2020 pre-pandemic sample (both samples 1) but a decrease in parental involvement and parental warmth between 2015 and 2020 covid-19 sample (samples 2). Parental involvement and parental warmth showed negative and significantly associations with depression, anxiety and stress and positive one with flourishing for both cohorts. Furthermore, the associations between parent-child variables and depression, anxiety, stress and flourishing were generally stronger in Cohort2 (2020) than in Cohort1 (2015), both for Samples 1 and Samples 2. These findings revealed that high-quality parent-child relations continued to be a protective factor against mental illness among emerging adults even under adverse conditions as those experienced during COVID-19 pandemic when family relationships is deteriorated. It is necessary to develop psychological interventions aimed at fostering the protecting role of family to promote the eme

Los profundos cambios experimentados desde finales del siglo XX en las sociedades industrializadas han tenido enormes consecuencias para la población. Una de estas consecuencias es el retraso de las personas jóvenes en la asunción de roles adultos. Esto ha provocado el surgimiento de una nueva etapa en el desarrollo: la adultez emergente (Arnett, 2000), una etapa, entre los 19 y los 29 años, en la que los y las jóvenes ya no son adolescentes pero tampoco pueden considerarse personas adultas. El primer estudio sobre la adultez emergente como nueva etapa evolutiva en España fue Transición a la adultez en España: estudio sobre las claves del ajuste psicosocial y fundamentos para su intervención preventiva (Proyecto TAE; Código: EDU2013-45687-R). El proyecto Estudio longitudinal secuencial sobre la transición a la adultez en España (TAE-II) es la continuación de dicho proyecto, y será llevado a cabo por su mismo equipo de investigación, continuando con el asesoramiento de Jeffrey Arnett. El objetivo general del TAE-II es profundizar con metodología longitudinal secuencial en las variables que promueven el ajuste psicosocial de los y las jóvenes y su capacidad de adaptación al entorno, con el fin último de apoyar, en base a la evidencia empírica, políticas de intervención que optimicen el desarrollo durante estos años. Este objetivo general se divide en cinco objetivos específicos y dos de carácter transversal: continuar profundizando en la comprensión de la etapa evolutiva de la adultez emergente; explicar las variables que predicen el bienestar personal; analizar las variables que contribuyen a entender la calidad de las relaciones que se establecen durante estos años; conocer qué variables contribuyen al ajuste social de los y las jóvenes; y sensibilizar a la opinión pública sobre las características de esta nueva etapa, sobre las necesidades de nuestros y nuestras jóvenes y sus potencialidades y recursos. Los objetivos transversales hacen referencia de un lado, a ana, The dataset is a SPSS database (.sav) containing scores of university students from Seville and the Basque Country. It collects data related to sociodemographic variables and indicators of Flourishing, Social support, Resilience, Emotional intelligence, Romantic Relationships, Family Relationships, Sexism, Identity, Social Participation, Substance Use, Employability, Psychological Distress, Well-being measured over two times period and one cohort.

Replacing homogeneous catalytic processes by heterogeneous routes based on the utilization of solid catalysts is of great interest from an environmental point of view. Owing to their genuine pore structure, zeolites such as mordenites (MOR) have emerged as game-changing materials to enable the heterogenization of catalytic processes including methanol carbonylation. Cu-exchange zeolites take the edge over pristine zeolites, leading to enhanced catalytic performance in terms of greater activity, selectivity, and stability. Herein, the overall catalytic activity and stability can be modulated upon controlling the environment and location of copper active sites in zeolites. In this study, Cu-exchanged mordenites were strategically synthesized to investigate the role of Cu location inside of MOR cavities under working conditions by means of in situ/operando infrared (IR) spectroscopic studies. The results obtained revealed that a major proportion of Cu in the MR-8 cavities notably enhances the activity and stability of the catalyst. This study provides crucial insights for fine-tuning zeolite catalysts to achieve the heterogenization of homogeneous carbonylation processes.

El objetivo principal de este estudio fue examinar las asociaciones de las relaciones familiares (implicación parental y apoyo de la autonomía) y los ingresos familiares con el florecimiento durante la adultez emergente. Este objetivo se analizó desde una perspectiva longitudinal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 400 jóvenes (n = 132 hombres, 268 mujeres en T1; n = 132 hombres, 266 mujeres en T2) de edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 29 años (M = 20.31, DT = 2.04 en T1; M = 23.66, DT = 2.08 en T2) que participaron en el Proyecto Transición a la Adultez en España (TAE). Los resultados indicaron que existe una asociación significativa y positiva entre florecimiento en T2 y las variables familiares (implicación parental y apoyo de la autonomía) analizadas en T1. Asimismo, los resultados indicaron que la implicación parental en los años iniciales de este periodo (T1) juega un rol predictor en el florecimiento de las personas adultas emergentes durante los años intermedios de la etapa (T2) y también predice el cambio en el florecimiento entre los dos tiempos analizados (T1 y T2). Finalmente, los resultados sugieren que los ingresos familiares y el apoyo de la autonomía en los años intermedios de la adultez emergente (T2) son variables predictoras del florecimiento de las personas adultas emergentes en esos mismos años (T2). El presente estudio presenta un trabajo longitudinal escasos en países como España. Nuestros resultados ofrecen un punto de partida acerca de cómo promocionar el florecimiento de las personas adultas emergentes y comprender las relaciones parento-filiales teniendo en cuenta el papel que desempeña la situación económica de las familias durante esta etapa de desarrollo en el territorio español

Human antigen R (HuR) is an RNA binding protein mainly involved in maintaining the stability and controlling the translation of mRNAs, critical for immune response, cell survival, proliferation and apoptosis. Although HuR is a nuclear protein, its mRNA translational-related function occurs at the cytoplasm, where the oligomeric form of HuR is more abundant. However, the regulation of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of HuR and its connection with protein oligomerization remain unclear. In this work, we describe the phosphorylation of Tyr5 as a new hallmark for HuR activation. Our biophysical, structural and computational assays using phosphorylated and phosphomimetic HuR proteins demonstrate that phosphorylation of Tyr5 at the disordered N-end stretch induces global changes on HuR dynamics and conformation, modifying the solvent accessible surface of the HuR nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling (HNS) sequence and releasing regions implicated in HuR dimerization. These findings explain the preferential cytoplasmic accumulation of phosphorylated HuR in HeLa cells, aiding to comprehend the mechanisms underlying HuR nucleus-cytoplasm shuttling and its later dimerization, both of which are relevant in HuR-related pathogenesis.

The "time-and-band limiting" commutative property was found and exploited by D. Slepian, H. Landau and H. Pollak at Bell Labs in the 1960's, and independently by M. Mehta and later by C. Tracy and H. Widom in Random matrix theory. The property in question is the existence of local operators with simple spectrum that commute with naturally appearing global ones. Here we give a general result that insures the existence of a commuting differential operator for a given family of exceptional orthogonal polynomials satisfying the "bispectral property". As a main tool we go beyond bispectrality and make use of the notion of Fourier Algebras associated to the given sequence of exceptional polynomials. We illustrate this result with two examples, of Hermite and Laguerre type, exhibiting also a nice Perline's form for the commuting differential operator.

Water contamination in extensive aquatic resources is a pressing issue, especially during current drought conditions across the world. To adress this, a novel approach involving a heterogeneous sensing capabilities fleet of four autonomous surface vehicles is introduced for efficient contamination mapping. To reduce costs, vehicles may be equipped with low quality sensors meaning measurements reliability differs between vehicles and affects model accuracy. The diverse sensing capabilities are characterized by a wide range of sensor standard deviations, addressing the applicability of the framework in real-world scenarios with commercial sensors. This research leverages Gaussian Processes to accurately model spatial distribution of contamination, integrating measurements from the vehicles to understand contamination patterns comprehensively. Additionally, an informative path planning strategy is introduced based on a centralized neural network which implements a Double Deep Q-Learning algorithm, driving the decision-making process of all agents. Effective learning hinges on accurately defining the observation and reward functions, for which several proposals will be compared. These tailored definitions are essential for guiding the learning process, and minimizing the error towards the main goal: to obtain the best possible contamination model. Remarkably, the proposed system demonstrates superior performance in Ypacaraí Lake scenario, surpassing traditional heuristics like lawn mower or particle swarm optimization by up to 82% in reducing mean squared error in highly contaminated regions for several combinations of agents.

Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) are associated with pediatric neurological disorders and are traditionally related to oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) defects in neurons. Interestingly, both PMD mouse models and patients with PMD show gliosis, and pharmacological depletion of microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, ameliorates multiple symptoms in a mouse model. Given that microglia activation correlates with the expression of OXPHOS genes, we studied whether OXPHOS deficits in microglia may contribute to PMDs. We first observed that the metabolic rewiring associated with microglia stimulation in vitro (via IL-33 or TAU treatment) was partially changed by complex I (CI) inhibition (via rotenone treatment). In vivo, we generated a mouse model deficient for CI activity in microglia (MGcCI). MGcCI microglia showed metabolic rewiring and gradual transcriptional activation, which led to hypertrophy and dysfunction in juvenile (1-month-old) and adult (3-month-old) stages, respectively. MGcCI mice presented widespread reactive astrocytes, a decrease of synaptic markers accompanied by an increased number of parvalbumin neurons, a behavioral deficit characterized by prolonged periods of immobility, loss of weight and premature death that was partially rescued by pharmacologic depletion of microglia. Our data demonstrate that microglia development depends on mitochondrial CI and suggest a direct microglial contribution to PMDs.

The role of initial state (ISI) and final state (FSI) ion–ion interactions in heavy-ion doublecharge-exchange (DCE) reactions A(Z, N) → A(Z ± 2, N ∓ 2) are studied for double single-chargeexchange (DSCE) reactions given by sequential actions of the isovector nucleon–nucleon (NN) T-matrix. In momentum representation, the second-order DSCE reaction amplitude is shown to be given in factorized form by projectile and target nuclear matrix elements and a reaction kernel containing ISI and FSI. Expanding the intermediate propagator in a Taylor series with respect to auxiliary energy allows us to perform the summation in the leading-order term over intermediate nuclear states in closure approximation. The nuclear matrix element attains a form given by the products of two-body interactions directly exciting the n 2 p −2 and p 2n −2 DCE transitions in the projectile and the target nucleus, respectively. A surprising result is that the intermediate propagation induces correlations between the transition vertices, showing that DSCE reactions are a two-nucleon process that resembles a system of interacting spin–isospin dipoles. Transformation of the DSCE NN T-matrix interactions from the reaction theoretical t-channel form to the s-channel operator structure required for spectroscopic purposes is elaborated in detail, showing that, in general, a rich spectrum of spin scalar, spin vector and higher-rank spin tensor multipole transitions will contribute to a DSCE reaction. Similarities (and differences) to two-neutrino double-beta decay (DBD) are discussed. ISI/FSI distortion and absorption effects are illustrated in black sphere approximation and in an illustrative application to data.

Emerging adulthood is a particularly vulnerable period with higher rates of health-related symptoms and mental disorders. The main aim of the present study was to explore the depression, anxiety and stress levels in a sample of Spanish emerging adults from a longitudinal perspective and taking gender differences into account. The analysis was conducted at two different moments in 2015 (W1) and three years later in 2018 (W2). Participants were Spanish emerging adults (n = 132 men, 268 women at W1; n = 132 men, 266 women at W2) aged between 18 and 29 years (M = 20.31, SD = 2.04 at W1; M = 23.66, SD = 2.08 at W2) participated in the TAE (Transición a la Adultez en España) research project. The validated Spanish version of the DASS-21 was used to measure depression, anxiety and stress levels. Results indicated continuity (mean-level) and high stability (rank-order) in depression, anxiety and stress levels during the initial and intermediate years of emerging adulthood without gender moderation. Results also indicated that there are no differences in depression and anxiety between men and women in both W1 and W2 but women reported higher levels of stress than men specially at W2. The findings highlight that it is crucial to take steps to mitigate the internal symptoms suffered by emerging adults and, particularly, stress suffered by emerging adult women. In this sense, these findings underline that it is crucial that more comprehensive public services and policies are provided to support emerging adults with mental health concerns based on empirical knowledge.

Estos datos son recogidos durante la implementación del proyecto I+D+i “Formación del Potencial Emprendedor. Generación de un Modelo Educativo de Identidad Emprendedora (PEIEO)”, en la modalidad “Generación de Conocimiento” y financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Agencia Estatal de Investigación con referencia PID2019-104408GB-I00). La investigación se ha centrado en el estudio del potencial emprendedor, comprendido como el conjunto de atributos y cualidades capaces de proporcionar alguna explicación de la relativa estabilidad de la identidad emprendedora. Así pues, planteamos cierta estructura de la identidad emprendedora. El proyecto se ha materializado en el diseño de un Modelo Educativo General de Identidad Emprendedora (MEGIE) y en el desarrollo de un programa formativo para el desarrollo del potencial emprendedor en adolescentes (PEIEO). La base de datos se ha creado siguiendo las orientaciones de un diseño de investigación experimental y descriptivo. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante un muestreo probabilístico estratificado. Las variables de estratificación fueron las siguientes: Comunidad Autónoma, el número de alumnos que están matriculados en ESO, Grados Medio y Superior de FP y Bachillerato, la titularidad del centro (privado/público/concertado) y el género.

Los depósitos abandonados de residuos mineros consistentes en lodos de flotación procedentes de lavaderos de mineral suponen un problema medioambiental debido, sobre todo, a las concentraciones extremadamente altas de metales (por ejemplo, Zn, Pb, Mn) y metaloides (por ejemplo As) que contienen. A causa de la gran cantidad de depósitos abandonados que existen, es poco viable asumir los gastos y las dificultades técnicas de restaurar todos ellos por métodos como su retirada y transporte a vertedero o su encapsulado. Estas actuaciones deberían priorizarse cuando los depósitos entrañen un riesgo inaceptable por colapso y/o por su cercanía a poblaciones. El fitomanejo puede complementar otras opciones más costosas, ayudando a reducir el riesgo de que los depósitos sean una fuente de dispersión de elementos potencialmente peligrosos, al mejorar sus suelos, facilitar el crecimiento de plantas directamente sobre ellos y mejorar el ecosistema.

This paper addresses the problem of designing a supply chain (SC) according to sustainability aspects. It identifies a research gap where an optimisation model to address the location, inventory and transportation decision in a sustainable SC applied to a copper mining industry by complementarily using a simulation model to assess SC performance in different scenarios is needed. For this purpose, we propose a simulation model based on system dynamics (SD) to assess SC performance and to support decision making. The basis of the simulation model structure is a multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming model that aims to minimise total economic, emissions and social costs, and to also contemplate social impacts. We consider a real copper mining industry problem to illustrate this. We obtain a solution using a mathematical programming model and a simulation model. The optimisation results show improved SC performance in cost and emission reduction terms, and an improved social impact. The simulation model presents a near-optimal result and allows the possibility of anticipating adverse scenarios. Future research is oriented to other real-world applications, and to: consider alternative inventory policies; contemplate a stochastic approach; add new production and routing decisions; develop a hybrid multi-agent SD model.

The Central Balkans are a key biogeographical region in Southern Europe, influenced by a central European-Mediterranean climate, which acted as a refugium for flora and fauna, and favored the dispersion of Neanderthals and migration of modern human populations during Late Glacial Period. This study presents pollen analyses of sediment and hyaena coprolites from Pešturina Cave in Serbia to reconstruct the vegetation landscapes faced by Balkan Neanderthals and early Anatomically Modern Humans between MIS 5e-3. Between MIS 5e-5c (archaeological layers 4c and 4b) and MIS 5b-5a (layer 4a), semi-forested environments prevailed, characterized by Pinus, deciduous Quercus, Tilia and other angiosperm woody taxa, accompanied by heliophytes such as Artemisia and Poaceae. During MIS 4-3 (layers 3-2), the vegetation was dominated by Artemisia-Poaceae steppes with Quercus patches, conifers and legumes. Overall across the sequence, pollen assemblages are highly diverse and include a number of deciduous trees and sclerophylls. In addition, the occurrence of several herbaceous taxa reinforces the view that the Balkans were outstanding for endemicity. Neanderthals and early Upper Palaeolithic hominins lived in a highly diverse refugium, offering multiple opportunities for survival during the warm interstadials and, more critically, the cold stadials of the Pleistocene.

An exact system of generation for face-milled hypoid gears with uniform depth taper is proposed. This system defines the location of pinion and wheel, their respective cutting (or grinding) cutters, and the relations of motion in their respective reference coordinate systems attached to the cutting machine. As a result, the grinding cutter geometric parameters and basic machine-tool settings are analytically determined without the need of any further optimization process. The appropriate selection of the mean cutter radius is addressed following the recommendations of the Information Sheet AGMA ISO 22849-A12. The tooth contact analysis of the gear drive shows a localized bearing contact with no unloaded transmission errors in the absence of misalignments. A lower sensitivity of the contact pattern to errors of alignment is observed as the mean cutter radius is decreased. Stress analysis shows that only the application of a tip relief is needed to avoid edge contacts at the tip of the gear tooth surfaces, being the point width of the cutting blades a key parameter to balance bending stresses in the pinion and the wheel.

Objective: While there is sufficient evidence of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy's effectiveness in allowing patients to deal with chronic pain, the effectiveness in cognitive fusion, one of the six core components of the Psychology Flexibility Model, has yet to be established. The aim of this article is to assess whether psychological interventions decrease cognitive fusion. Methods: The Web of Science, SCOPUS, Medline, and PsycINFO databases were searched for primary studies up to June 2024. Studies with a cognitive fusion measure in which chronic pain patients received a psychological intervention were included. A methodological quality scale was applied to the selected studies and the average effect sizes (Hedges g) were calculated. Results: This review included 18 articles with 24 studies (19 pre-post/follow-up studies and five randomized control trials). Cognitive fusion decreased significantly after the intervention. The effect sizes were small/medium at post-test, g = -0.39, p < .001, 95% CI [-0.52, -0.26]; and medium at long-term follow-up, g = -0.55, p < .001, 95% CI [−0.74, -0.36]. A similar tendency was found for studies with RCTs at post-test, g = -0.61, p = .006, 95% CI [−1.05, -0.17], short-term follow-up, g = -0.79, p < .001, 95% CI [−1.18, -0.40] and long-term follow-up, g = -0.58, p = .003, 95% CI [-0.95, -0.20]). Moderator variables such as unemployment, gender, pain intensity, level of depression before the intervention, and duration and intervention modality were identified. Conclusion: Psychological interventions tended to decrease cognitive fusion in chronic pain patients. Nonetheless, more clinical trials are needed to establish the role of cognitive fusion in psychological flexibility.

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex serves as a pre- cognitive marker of sensorimotor gating, and its deficit may predict cognitive impairments. Startle reflex is modulated by many factors. Among them, stress has been a topic of inter-est, but its effects on both pre- cognitive and cognitive variables continue to yield divergent results. This study aims to analyze the effect of acute stress on PPI of the startle reflex and cognitive function (working memory, attention, inhibition, and verbal fluency). Participants were exposed to the MAST stress induction protocol or a stress- neutral task: stress group (n= 54) or control group (n= 54). Following stress induction, participants' startle responses were recorded, and cognition was assessed. The results revealed that participants in the stress group exhibited greater startle magnitude, lower PPI, and lower scores in working memory tests compared with the control group. Additionally, a correlation was found between working memory and PPI across all the participants, independent of stress group. These findings support the notion that after stress, both greater startle magnitude and diminished PPI could play an adaptive role by allowing for increased process-ing of stimuli potentially dangerous and stress- related. Similarly, our results lend support to the hypothesis that lower PPI may be predictive of cognitive impair-ment. Considering the impact of stress on both pre- cognitive (PPI) and cognitive (working memory) variables, we discuss the possibility that the effect of stress on PPI occurs through motivational priming and emphasize the relevance of consid-ering stress in both basic and translational science.

The aim of this study was to analyze identity construction regarding caregiving amongst Senegalese women in diaspora, and to identify what challenges and negotiations they face in their caregiving practices. We conducted semistructured interviews with seven women of Senegalese origin who live in Andalusia, southern Spain. We conducted voice and I-position analysis, which highlighted power inequalities and was sensitive to the dynamic and dialogical acculturation process. The findings showed an identity reconstruction process from caregiving in the cultural context of their home country—where caregiving has a strong collectivist component with mutual support networks, especially in child raising and motherhood, as well as intergenerational respect and caregiving relationships—to a more individualistic host cultural context, where motherhood is more isolated and solitary. Diasporic Senegalese women have also lost their support networks and are overburdened by caregiving work, problems of conciliation between paid work and childcare needs, loss of social status as mothers and as adults, and racism. In such situations, their resilience strategies position them as responsible mothers, maintaining the values of their home culture and developing new strategies for searching information and support.

Deficiencies in the BRCA1 tumor suppressor gene are the main cause of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. BRCA1 is involved in the Homologous Recombination DNA repair pathway and, together with BARD1, forms a heterodimer with ubiquitin E3 activity. The relevance of the BRCA1/BARD1 ubiquitin E3 activity for tumor suppression and DNA repair remains controversial. Here, we observe that the BRCA1/BARD1 ubiquitin E3 activity is not required for Homologous Recombination or resistance to Olaparib. Using TULIP2 methodology, which enables the direct identification of E3-specific ubiquitination substrates, we identify substrates for BRCA1/BARD1. We find that PCNA is ubiquitinated by BRCA1/BARD1 in unperturbed conditions independently of RAD18. PCNA ubiquitination by BRCA1/BARD1 avoids the formation of ssDNA gaps during DNA replication and promotes continuous DNA synthesis. These results provide additional insight about the importance of BRCA1/BARD1 E3 activity in Homologous Recombination.

We propose fully-distributed algorithms for Nash equilibrium seeking in aggregative games over networks. We first consider the case where local constraints are present and we design an algorithm combining, for each agent, (i) the projected pseudo-gradient descent and (ii) a tracking mechanism to locally reconstruct the aggregative variable. To handle coupling constraints arising in generalized settings, we propose another distributed algorithm based on (i) a recently emerged augmented primal-dual scheme and (ii) two tracking mechanisms to reconstruct, for each agent, both the aggregative variable and the coupling constraint satisfaction. Leveraging tools from singular perturbations analysis, we prove linear convergence to the Nash equilibrium for both schemes. Finally, we run extensive numerical simulations to confirm the effectiveness of our methods and compare them with state-of-the-art distributed equilibrium-seeking algorithms.

We perform a survey of the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer-Mapper (VIRTIS-M) images onboard the Venus Express space mission, at four narrow wavelength bands that target different altitude regions on the cloud deck of Venus’ atmosphere (280–320, 365–400, 580–600, 900–920 nm). Our goal was to detect and characterize atmospheric gravity waves, using several processing techniques based on high-pass filtering to enhance features in low-contrast images. The period of our selected dataset was between August 2007–October 2008 on the dayside hemisphere, identical to a previous study of waves located on the nightside lower cloud, so that a temporally overlapped comparison could be established, although over different longitudinal locations. We retrieved the morphological properties of these waves including horizontal wavelength and packet width along with several orientations of the identified waves. We retrieved properties for 69 wave packets across all analysed wavelength ranges, and dynamical parameters for 16 wave packets. Waves observed across the four wavelength ranges examined here have similar properties, with horizontal wavelengths of a few hundred kilometres and full length of wave-trains going up to 1000 km. Although these wave properties do not seem to depend on latitude, we notice an increase in the values of several of these parameters close to the evening terminator. Considering our results and a comparison with previous studies of stationary features interpreted as gravity waves, we argue that forcing from topography is not the main cause of the wave packets observed here, whose properties are better supported by a convective generation scenario. The retrieved properties show a consistent agreement between waves on the upper and lower cloud, suggesting a similar forcing mechanism based on convection from a neutral stability layer between the lower and middle-upper cloud. Despite the similar properties, we find no evidence of any correlation b

CONTEXT Uncertainty surrounds farming systems across Europe and strengthening their resilience lies at the centre of the European policy agenda. Although farming systems´ resilience has been widely conceptualised, no consensus has been reached about assessing the contribution of farm and farmer attributes to farmers´ perceived resilience by quantitative approaches. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to understand what farm(er) attributes and principles contribute to explain farmers´ perceived resilience. Our specific objectives are to: i) develop a conceptual framework composed of attributes, principles and capacities to assess farms' resilience, including farmer personal resilience as a resilience principle; ii) quantify links between farm attributes and resilience principles with farmers´ perceived resilience capacities. METHODS We developed a framework that includes different farm and farmer attributes grouped into resilience principles. We designed and conducted a structured survey to allow small ruminant farmers in Spain to self-assess their resilience attributes and capacities. We used structural equation modelling to assess to what extent resilience attributes and principles explain perceived robustness, adaptability, transformability capacities and overall resilience. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Farmers´ perceived resilience can be explained by several resilience attributes and principles, including farmers' personal resilience. Some attributes contribute similarly to robustness, adaptability and transformability, while others contribute particularly to each capacity. Farm diversity, tightness of feedbacks and farmers´ personal resilience were key for explaining farmers´ perceived resilience for small ruminant farming systems in Spain. In particular, farmer optimism, and farms' ability to respond in different ways to challenges and to overcome difficulties in the past, were the attributes that most influenced resilience perceptions. Our results highlight the im

Este estudio se llevó a cabo para analizar las relaciones entre la implicación parental y el control ejercido por madres y padres en los primeros años de la adultez emergente (Tiempo 1, T1) y los síntomas depresivos de hijas e hijos tres años después (Tiempo 2, T2). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 400 adultos y adultas emergentes que participaron tanto en el Tiempo 1 (edad media = 20.31) como tres años después en el Tiempo 2 (edad media = 23.66). Los y las jóvenes respondieron cuestionarios sobre la implicación parental, el control psicológico, el control conductual percibido de sus madres y padres y los síntomas depresivos experimentados. Los resultados revelaron que a mayor control psicológico y conductual en T1, mayor cantidad de síntomas depresivos en T2. Los resultados también indicaron que a menor implicación parental, mayor cantidad de síntomas depresivos en los y las jóvenes en T2. Además, la implicación parental explicó parte del cambio en los niveles de síntomas depresivos entre los primeros años (T1) y los años intermedios (T2) de la adultez emergente. Finalmente, cuando se perciben niveles altos o medios de implicación parental durante los primeros años de esta etapa de la vida, el control conductual en T1 no afecta su nivel de síntomas depresivos tres años después. Sin embargo, cuando se perciben bajos niveles de implicación parental durante los primeros años de este período, el control conductual está vinculado a los síntomas depresivos tres años después. Los hallazgos enfatizan que los niveles de implicación parental y el control ejercido por madres y padres influyen en los niveles de depresión de hijas e hijos durante su adultez emergente.

En esta investigación sondeamos las creencias y actitudes lingüísticas de los sevillanos hacia las cinco variedades cultas hispanoamericanas. Para ello empleamos la metodología del proyecto PRECAVES XXI, que en su segunda fase utiliza una muestra poblacional de 108 sujetos distribuidos según el sexo, la edad y el nivel de estudios. Entre los resultados obtenidos destacamos: 1) las áreas geolectales evaluadas no se correspondieron con el modelo idiomático de prestigio de los encuestados; 2) las particularidades lingüísticas de las variedades rioplatense y mexicana-centroamericana fueron más fácilmente reconocibles, mientras que la pronunciación chilena recibió el menor número de identificaciones exactas; 3) la procedencia de la población extranjera hispanohablante y el grado de cercanía con respecto a la variedad andaluza influyeron en la evaluación de las hablas hispanoamericanas; 4) las valoraciones indirectas descendieron en algunos rasgos relacionados con la proyección socioeconómica de las personas y del país; y 5) el sexo y, en menor medida, la edad de los participantes, repercutieron en algunos de los juicios emitidos., In this research we surveyed the linguistic beliefs and attitudes of Sevillians towards the five Hispanic-American cultured varieties of Spanish. The methodology of PRECAVES XXI project was used, which in its second phase is based on a population sample of 108 subjects distributed according to sex, age, and level of education. Among the results obtained we highlight: 1) the geolectal areas evaluated did not correspond to the respondents’ prestige idiomatic model; 2) the linguistic particularities of the Rioplatense and Mexican-Central American varieties were more easily recognisable, while the Chilean pronunciation received the lowest number of right identifications; 3) the origin of the foreign Spanish-speaking population and the degree of closeness with respect to the Andalusian variety influenced the evaluation of Spanish American speech; 4) indirect evaluations were lower in some features related to the socio-economic projection of the people and the country; and 5) the sex and, to a lesser extent, the age of the participants, had an impact on some of the judgements made.

Aplicando la noción de 'memoria colectiva' de Mills, Frost-Arnold argumenta que un exceso de creencias falsas en línea (fake news) puede condicionar la memoria que compartimos como colectivo. Aquí sugiero, siguiendo la caracterización original de ‘ignorancia’ de Mill, que la construcción y mantenimiento de nuestra memoria colectiva también es vulnerable a cierta falta o ausencia total de creencias verdaderas en línea. Propongo que debemos investigar estas creencias atendiendo a dos cuestiones: en primer lugar, a instancias de conocimiento que están subrepresentadas y, en segundo lugar, a formas no proposicionales de conocimiento. El primer problema se aborda en la sección 1, donde exploro diferentes formas en las que algunas creencias pueden no alcanzar el ámbito digital debido a su estatus minoritario. El segundo problema es el foco de atención en la sección 2, donde se consideran formas no dominantes de conocimiento: el saber-cómo y el conocimiento por familiaridad., By applying Mills’ notion of ‘collective memory’, Frost-Arnold argues that an excessive number of false beliefs online (fake news) can condition the memory that we share as a collective. Here I suggest, following Mill’s original characterization of ‘ignorance’, that the construction and maintenance of our collective memory is also vulnerable to some lack of or total absence of true beliefs online. I suggest we must investigate these beliefs attending to two issues: firstly, instances of knowledge that are underrepresented, and secondly, non-propositional forms of knowledge. The first problem is addressed in section 1, where I explore different ways in which some beliefs might not reach the online sphere, due to their minoritarian status. The second problem is my focus on section 2, which entails the consideration of non-dominant forms of knowledge: knowledge-how and knowledge by acquaintance.

Los datos del Atlas lingüístico y etnográfico de Andalucía (Alvar et al. 1961- 1973: mapa 1709) muestran que el fonema prepalatal sordo /t∫/ presentaba a mediados del siglo xx dos realizaciones fonéticas en Sevilla capital: una africada [t∫] y otra fricativa [∫]. Desafortunadamente, los estudios sociolingüísticos desarrollados en la ciudad hispalense en los años ochenta no prestaron atención a este fenómeno, por lo que desconocemos si, unas décadas más tarde, seguían coexistiendo ambas variantes y, en ese caso, cuál era su distribución diastrática. La investigación que aquí presentamos busca cubrir, en parte, este vacío, pues tiene como objetivo describir cómo pronuncian los sevillanos el segmento /t∫/ en la actualidad. Específicamente, nos interesa conocer en qué medida siguen coexistiendo los dos alófonos aludidos y qué rasgos sociales influyen en su variación. Para ello emplea remos los materiales del Proyecto para el estudio sociolingüístico del español de España y América (PRESEEA) recopilados en la ciudad de Sevilla, los cuales, dada su reciente recopilación (2009-2018), nos permitirán alcanzar el propósito fijado., Data from the Atlas lingüístico y etnográfico de Andalucía (Alvar et al. 1961- 1973: map 1709) show that the voiceless prepalatal phoneme /t∫/ had two allophonic rea lisations in the city of Seville in the mid-20th century: an affricate [t∫] and a fricative [∫]. Unfortunately, the sociolinguistic studies carried out in this urban area in the 1980s did not pay attention to this phenomenon, so we do not know whether, a few decades later, both variants still coexisted and, if so, what their diastratic distribution was. This research seeks to fill, in part, this gap, as it aims to describe how Sevillians pronounce the segment /t∫/ today. Specifically, we are interested in finding out to what extent the two alluded allophones continue to coexist and what social features influence their variation. For this purpose, we will use the materials of the Project for the sociolinguistic study of Spanish from Spain and America (PRESEEA) recollected in the city of Seville, which, given their recent compilation (2009-2018), will allow us to achieve our goal.

The negative interaction between multiple invasive species, when an invasive predator benefits from a previously introduced and abundant prey, poses unanticipated challenges for the joint management of invaders. To illustrate this question, we describe the surge and collapse of the invasive apple snail Pomacea maculata population before and after the arrival of the invasive blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, in the Ebro River (NE Spain). These two invaders have coincided for the first time beyond their respective native and prior invasive ranges, and thus lack any previous shared eco-evolutionary history facilitating coexistence. We leverage data from a 9-year apple snail removal programme (2014–2022) conducted by authorities to evaluate the effectiveness of the management programme and describe the apple snail temporal dynamics in the Ebro River. Since its arrival in 2013, the apple snail population increased exponentially along the river and adjacent rice-fields despite labour-intensive eradication efforts. Unexpectedly, riverine populations of the apple snail declined by 90% in 2018 relative to the prior year without apparent association with previous management efforts. Simultaneously, the blue crab was first recorded in the Ebro River in 2018, and its distribution rapidly overlapped the whole area invaded by apple snails. We suggest that over-predation by the blue crab is the main cause of the decline observed in the apple snail, and discuss the implications of this new invader-invader interaction for management. This study underscores the unforeseen consequences of subsequent waves of invasion, and the importance of supporting management with a deeper understanding of ecological interactions among invasive predator and prey species., invader interaction

Este conjunto de datos contiene los datos recopilados para la elaboración del artículo “Towards sustainable management of the World Heritage in Spain: from identification to monitoring of cultural values”. Se trata de una revisión de la gestión del Patrimonio Mundial aplicada al contexto español desde las primeras inscripciones en la Lista del patrimonio Mundial (1984) hasta 2024. La información abarca el proceso de inscripción de los bienes en la Lista, así como la monitorización de sus Valores, y los documentos desarrollados a lo largo del tiempo para su gestión. En esta sección se aplica un código de colores para diferenciar entre: documentos que cumplen los requisitos internacionales de gestión; documentos en desarrollo o no aprobados; documentos que abordan parcialmente la gestión del bien; documentos de efecto parcial en desarrollo o no aprobados. La recopilación de datos se ha realizado mediante la consulta de publicaciones, informes y difusión de los propios sitios, documentos de libre acceso para el seguimiento de la UNESCO y el visionado de congresos y conferencias.

Ultra-fine blast-furnace slag binders have recently been introduced to repair masonry. The reduced particle diameter of these binders makes them especially suitable for use as grouts, since this characteristic enables these grouts to fill even the smallest voids. The current necessity and effectiveness of Finite Element Analysis in any process concerning construction, repair or reinforcement of building structures remains unquestionable. In this way, the calibration of Finite Element material models for their correct performance has become compulsory. Regarding quasi-brittle materials, such as mortar and grouts, the Microplane model is recommended to reproduce their behaviour. This paper is targeted towards obtaining Microplane model coefficients to exactly reproduce the behaviour of ultrafine blast-furnace slag grout samples. To this end, several compressive tests have been carried on in order to obtain the experimental stress–strain curves that define the behaviour of these samples. Furthermore, reverse engineering by means of an optimisation algorithm successfully attained the possible coefficients to reproduce this material with the Microplane model. The correctness of these coefficients has been verified with a new campaign composed of compressive tests, Double Punch tests, and flexural tests. These tests have been reproduced by Finite Element Analysis, thereby confirming the accuracy of the set of coefficients. Thus, two are the main conclusions obtained: (1) the framework for the modelling of ultra-fine blast-furnace slag grout elements based-on the Microplane model has been proposed, implemented and validated; and (2) a value for the coefficients of the abovementioned model has been proposed.

This work introduces a micromechanical semi-analytical model to estimate piezoresistive constants in 3D-printable short-fiber composites, extending the Mori–Tanaka scheme with two innovative components. Firstly, the model incorporates non-affine reorientation of fibers, controlled by a parameter , which significantly impacts texture coefficients. This parameter introduces an additional layer of complexity, modifying texture coefficients beyond traditional affine fiber reorientations. Observational data illustrate a linear relationship between piezoresistivities and , leading to the development of a statistical model that calculates based on the fiber aspect ratio. Secondly, the model accounts for preferential fiber orientation in the undeformed state, resulting in an orthotropic material model. This anisotropy is quantified using an Orientation Distribution Function (ODF) derived from X-ray scans, which is parameterized to maintain symmetry across three orthogonal planes. Initial investigations indicate that the inherent anisotropy introduced by the printing process substantially affects the initial resistivity of 3D-printed composites. Utilizing a Gaussian transversely isotropic model, we find that neglecting this anisotropy could lead to significant errors in understanding and predicting piezoresistive behavior. The model’s incorporation into advanced nanocomposite frameworks offers preliminary reconciliation with experimental data. Additionally, our results emphasize the necessity to refine wavy fiber models by incorporating non-affine rotations, particularly crucial for fibers with small aspect ratios, thereby enhancing predictive accuracy. The findings lay a robust foundation for future research, emphasizing the need for comprehensive experimental validation and setting the stage for nuanced applications in piezoresistive composite materials

The aim was to explore potential explanatory factors for the three dimensions of willingness to intervene in cases of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women: police or personal involvement and noninvolvement. N = 280 students at a Spanish university (78.20% women) from the fields of educational, community, and interventions responded to a survey including the Willingness to Intervene in cases of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women and the Acceptance of Myths About Intimate partner Violence Against Women scales. Bivariate analyses and multiple linear regressions demonstrated that IPV experience implied greater personal involvement, while the higher the myth acceptance, the lower the probability of calling law enforcement. The likelihood of not intervening decreased with some IPV experience and training and lower myth acceptance. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance in developing bystander interventions.

This dataset contains samples coming from a hydraulic block from a biomedical equipment. The block mounts 3 Thomas SR10/30 DC standard perisltaltic pumps, which were filled with distilled water. Only one pump was running at the same time during these recordings, always at maximum constant speed. The cassettes of the pumps were changed before each recording. We used cassettes with 2 different levels of degradation: NEW (unused) and OLD (lifetime already expired). We defined 3 different classes: Class 1 is STOP (no pump running), class 2 is NEW (one pump running with a new cassette), and class 3 is OLD (one pump running with an old cassette). The classified samples were recorded using several sensors: 3 accelerometers, 1 gyroscope, 1 magnetometer and 1 microphone. All data were recorded at the same time at the maximum available frequency using the device "ST SensorTile.box". The raw data has already been processed into sepparate different .csv files (.wav files for audio) using python code.

Flexoelectricity is the coupling between strain gradients and electric fields. This phenomenon can significantly enhance piezocomposite response in addition to linear piezoelectricity. This enhancement is especially important for lead-free piezocomposites, which generally underperform compared to lead-based counterparts. Flexoelectric enhancement is facilitated by structural anisotropy in piezocomposites. However, challenges in modeling flexoelectric effects arise from several unknowns. Firstly, the shear flexoelectric coefficient is not wellcharacterized experimentally. Secondly, significant discrepancies exist between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements of flexoelectric coefficients. Thirdly, the influence of matrix mechanical properties on flexoelectric behavior is poorly understood. To address these issues, we construct a parametric flexoelectric model of a lead-free piezocomposite with graded inclusion concentration. We then systematically analyze the impact of each parameter to identify which significantly influence flexoelectric behavior. This study is intended to provide direction to further experimental studies towards understanding and tailoring this subset of parameters

Dataset generated in the work “Impact of Irrigation Management Decisions on the WaterFootprint of Processing Tomatoes in Southern Spain” whose main objective was to determine the water footprint of processing tomatoes grown in southern Spain under different drip irrigation methodologies.

Time-bin (TB) and energy-time (ET) entanglements are crucial resources for long-distance quantum information processing. However, their standard implementations suffer from the so-called post-selection loophole that allows for classical simulation and thus prevents quantum advantage. The post-selection loophole has been addressed in proof-of-principle experiments. An open problem though is to close it in real-life applications based on integrated technologies. This is especially important since, so far, all integrated sources of TB and ET entanglements suffer from the post-selection loophole. Here, we report post-selection loophole-free certification of TB or ET entanglement in integrated technologies, by implementing in a silicon nitride chip the “hug” scheme [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 040401 (2009) [CrossRef] ] and certifying genuine TB entanglement through the violation of a Bell inequality.

How does a plant detect the changing seasons and make important developmental decisions accordingly? How do they incorporate daylength information into their routine physiological processes?Photoperiodism, or the capacity to measure the daylength, is a crucial aspect of plant development that helps plants determine the best time of the year to make vital decisions, such as flowering. The protein CONSTANS (CO) constitutes the central regulator of this sensing mechanism, not only activating florigen production in the leaves but also participating in many physiological aspects in which seasonality is important. Recent discoveries place CO in the center of a gene network that can determine the length of the day and confer seasonal input to aspects of plant development and physiology as important as senescence, seed size, or circadian rhythms. In this review, we discuss the importance of CO protein structure, function, and evolutionary mechanisms that embryophytes have developed to incorporate annual information into their physiology.