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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, this endemic disease rarely involves heart. Cardiac TB can involve any structure of heart with pericarditis is most frequent manifestation. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Department of Pathology from January 2012 to December 2020. Autopsy records of all cases suggestive of tuberculosis in any part of heart were selected and slides were reviewed. Results: A total of 11 cases of cardiac TB were recorded on autopsy, including 6 cases of isolated myocarditis, 2 cases of myopericarditis 2 cases of isolated pericarditis and one case of necrotizing arteritis in left coronary artery. Concomitant pulmonary TB was present in 72.7% cases. Conclusion: This study highlights that in all patients of pulmonary tuberculosis with appearance of any cardiovascular sign or symptom, cardiac TB should be suspected as one of the differentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metastasis to the heart is uncommon compared to other organs, posing notable diagnostic challenges. Incidence in autopsy studies typically ranges between 0.7% and 3.5%. Lung, breast, and hematologiccancers are the main sources of such metastases, leading to varied clinical presentations and severe complications. Postmortem viscera from a 47 year old male with a suspected history of jaundice. Only limited information was available. Gross examination showed a solid mass in the gall bladder with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis, while no other abnormalities were observed in other viscera received. Brain examination showed congested blood vessels, while heart sections exhibited atypical cell deposits in the pericardium and myocardium. Coronary arteries displayed pathological thickening. Lung and liver sections also displayed similar metastatic atypical cell deposits, infiltrating tissue and causing necrosis. Gall bladder examination revealed irregular glandular formations lined with polygonal tumor cells positive for cytokeratin. The final diagnosis based on histomorphological features and immunohistochemistry confirmed gall bladder adenocarcinoma metastasising to the heart, liver and lungs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Fine Needle Aspirate (FNA) can serve as a valuable adjunct in cases of breast carcinoma by predicting cytological grading and guide the selection of appropriate therapy. Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the cytological grading in breast carcinoma cases by using Robinson’s grading and correlate it with Elston-Ellis modification of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson’s grading. Material and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat from 1st July 2015 to 30th June 2019. Fifty-one cases of breast carcinoma that underwent both fine needle aspiration and mastectomy were included. Robinson’s grading system was used for cytological grading and results were correlated with Scarff-Bloom-Richardson’s histological grading. Concordance rates, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results: The overall concordance rate between cytological and histological grading was 76.47%. Sensitivity was high in cytological Grade I tumors (83.33%) and least in cytological Grade III tumors (66.67%). Specificity was high in cytological Grade III tumors (94.29%) and least in cytological Grade II tumors (77.42%). Conclusion: Robinson’s cytological grading is easy, reproducible and correlates well with histological grade. It can be used routinely in predicting the prognosis and better management of patients as per the grade of tumor.

The successful practice of innovation in any organization demands the integration and interaction of individual, collective, and organizational climate levels of management. Leadership styles have an impact on all these three levels of management. However, little work has been done to assess this impact, especially in the context of United Arab Emirates (UAE)-based organizations. This study was conducted with the purpose of assessing whether leadership processes, tools, and techniques differ in innovative organizations and, thereafter, propose general leadership requirements for innovative projects in the UAE. This study adopts statistical data-processing methods, such as descriptive statistics, the reliability of the instrument, correlation, and regression analysis. Data obtained through a survey of UAE-based organizations were used for analyzing whether innovativeness (as perceived by employees) is statistically correlated with leadership dimensions. The research results show that the transformational leadership style scores better over transactional leadership when it comes to predicting innovations.

This paper presents a novel generalized step‐up switched‐capacitor multilevel inverter (SCMLI) appropriate for low/medium voltage input applications. To reduce the overall number of power switches, the suggested topology makes use of reduction switch count (SC) technology. The complementary working mechanism of each pair of switches simplifies the modulation method. The complete inductive‐load capability is taken into account in the proposed inverter. Furthermore, because capacitor voltages are automatically balanced, complex voltage control circuitry is not necessary. Due to a reduction in current spikes on the devices, the topology also has the ability to soft‐charge the capacitors in a quasi‐resonant manner. Performance is also enhanced by extending the lifetime and dependability of the inverters. The construction, operation, modulation method, values of the capacitors, and circuit losses are explained to demonstrate how the suggested topology should function. One of the inverter's primary differentiators from the others is its double‐boosting capability based on reduced components. Based on loss calculations, a thorough analysis of the suggested topology's efficiency of 98.31% is presented. Next, the benefits of the suggested inverter are compared to those of other inverters that have been recently suggested. The steady‐state and dynamic performance of the suggested topology is then confirmed by modeling the system on the Simulink platform and performing experiments using a DSP‐based prototype experimental setup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Splenic cyst is a rare entity with very few cases reported in literature. The diagnosis is usually incidental on autopsy, associated with symptoms due to enlargement, rupture, infection, or hemorrhage. It can be of two types - parasitic or nonparasitic cyst. Case Report: Postmortem viscera of 33 year old male were received in the department of Pathology for histopathological examination. Grossly, an enlarged spleen weighing 180 gm and measuring 9x8x6 cm was identified. On cut section, an eccentric unilocular cyst measuring 7x6 cm was identified. The cyst was filled with brownish mucoid material and thickness of cyst wall was0.1-0.2 cm. Microscopically, the cyst wall was lined by cuboidal epithelium with fibrocalcified wall. Conclusion: Primary splenic cyst is a rare diagnosis. Although the diagnosis of splenic cyst can be established by radiological means, histopathology is mandatory to determine whether the cyst is primary or secondary in origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the clinical profile and laboratory characteristics and treatment of children with Wilson's disease (WD). The current study was done at Department of pediatrics, Sir Padampat Institute of Neonatology and Pediatric Health, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur. It was an observational study and institution ethics committee approved the study. Patients visiting the outpatient department or admitting in wards with clinical presentation suggestive of WD were enrolled in the study after obtaining a valid informed written consent. Patients subjected to detailed clinical history and physical examination. All patients subjected to routine blood count, biochemistry including liver function tests and specific laboratory investigations. They underwent ophthalmological examination. Ultrasonography abdomen and liver biopsy performed in enrolled patients. Magnetic resonance imaging brain carried out in patients with neurological WD. Ferenci score was calculated for each of the patients. Total 50 patients were included in the study. Mean age at the time of diagnosis was 9.4 years with delay of 11 months after onset of symptoms. Male is to female ratio was 2/1. Hepatic manifestation were seen in 76% patients and 24% patients presented with neurological disease. Kayser-Fleischer ring was seen in 44% patients with hepatic disease and 83% patients with neurological disease. Twenty-four hour urinary copper was more than 2 time of upper limit of normal in all patients. Fifty-four percent patients showed improvement with chelation therapy and 9 patients died during the study period. WD in children has varied clinical manifestation and early diagnosis is necessary for good prognosis. It requires wide range of tests as genetic testing is not easily available. Acute liver failure has high mortality. Early chelation therapy reverses the clinical and biochemical abnormalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]