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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of water exercise training on functional and hemodynamic responses in HF patients. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted until February 15, 2024, using multiple databases. Mean difference (MD) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Sixteen studies, comprising 349 participants with HF, were included. Water exercise led to enhancements in peak VO2 (MD, 2.85 mL/kg/min; 95% CI, 1.89 to 3.80; p <.00001) and resting heart rate (MD, −4.16 bm; 95% CI, −6.85 to −1.46; p =.002) compared to no exercising controls. Water plus land exercise reduced resting heart rate (MD, −1.41 bm; 95% CI, −2.13 to −0.69; p =.0001) compared to land exercise alone. Furthermore, acute water exercises decreased resting heart rate (MD, −3.85 bm; 95% CI, −6.49 to −1.21; p =.004) and increased stroke volume (MD, 14.68 mL/beat; 95% CI, 8.57 to 20.79; p <.00001) and cardiac output (MD, 0.5 L/min; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.73; p <.00001) compared to baseline. Conclusion: These findings suggest that water exercise holds promise as an effective intervention for enhancing functional capacity and hemodynamic parameters in individuals with HF, highlighting the importance of further research to optimize its implementation and elucidate long-term benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The Aim of this study was to investigate the effect of deception to intensity of exercise on fatigue in female students. Methods: Sixteen subjects were selected randomly among 30 students who volunteered to participate in the study and they performed maximal exercise test (Bruce) in two states. In the first state, the increase in exercise intensity during steps of Bruce test was correctly announced to the subjects, but in the second state, they were dictated that the increase in exercise intensity was less than in the first state. Dependent variables were measured at the end of the test and the data were compared to paired t-test using SPSS 23. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference for median frequency of rectus femoris muscle (p=0.043), maximium heart rate of the subjects at the end of Bruce test (p=0.001) and time to reach exhaustion (p=0.001) between the first state in which the actual increase in exercise intensity during steps of Bruce test was announced to the subjects and the second state in which they were dictated that the increase in exercise intensity, was less than the first state. However, no significant difference was observed for median frequency of vastus medialis (p=0.736) and vastus lateralis (p=0.762) muscles, as well as for rate of perceived exertion (p=1.000). Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that by deception for intensity of exercise during maximal exercise test, the amount of fatigue can be reduced and the time to reach fatigue can be increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Exposure to high altitude causes significant stress in the functioning of cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and pulmonary volumes during the classic ascent of Damavand 5671 m peak. Materials and Methods: 14 healthy male climbers (age = 23.85±5.93 years, height = 175.5±5.91 cm, weight =71.35±8.20 kg) participated voluntarily in this study. BP, HR and lung volumes were measured in basic (2000 M), BC (3100 m) the first day, C1 (3650 m) the first day, BC (3100 m) the second day after the one-night stopover, C1 (3650 m) the second day, C2 (4100 m) the second day, C2 (4100 M) third day after the one-night stopover, C3 (5000 m) and, peak (5671 m). Data were compared by repeated measures test at the significant level of P≤0.05 and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The results of repeated measures analysis were significant for HR, systolic BP, diastolic BP and MVV (P<0.05), but not significant for FVC and FEV1 (P≥0.05). BP was high in the base camp and the first camp and gradually decreased. HR continued to increase significantly with increasing altitude. MVV increased with increasing altitude and is reduced after the one-night stopover in each height. Conclusion: It can be concluded that climbing with classic method increased the HR and decreased systolic and diastolic BP of climbers. It was able to induce adaptation in lung volumes of climbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Although there has been risen investigations and clinical attention to the impacts that physical activity has on the quality of life (QoL) of the elderly, there is a lack of evidence regarding applying aquatic exercise training in this population. This study aimed to determine whether an aquatic training intervention improves QoL among healthy elderly men. Methods: A total of 40 elderly men aged 66–86 years were recruited from the Department of Education Retirees. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a 12-week aquatic training regimen (exercise group) or a non-exercise control group. The exercise group performed three 45-min sessions per week. Data were collected using a Survey short form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire before and after the intervention. Results: The aquatic training intervention induced significant improvements in physical (84.6% vs − 1.4%; P < 0.001) and mental (57.1% vs − 11.3%; P < 0.001) health component score in comparison with the control condition. Conclusion: The findings showed that the aquatic training intervention could be an efficient strategy that helps to ameliorate the physical and mental aspects linked to aging and may be an important preventive approach for the future risks in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most important growth factor involved in angiogenesis and appears to be mediated through exercise training, leading to increased blood lactate. Objective To evaluate and compare the effects of anaerobic gymnastics exercise (AGE) on systemic VEGF in obese and normoweight boys. Methods Sixty boys aged 8 to 12 years who enrolled in elementary level of gymnastics participated in this study and were randomly divided into four groups of 15 subjects each: obese AGE, obese control, normoweight AGE, and normoweight control. The control group didn't have any exercise during the study. The experimental groups performed 45 minutes of AGE 3 times per week for 8 weeks, which included a 10-minute warm-up, 30-minute main exercises, and 5-minute cool down. Body composition characteristics and VEGF levels in saliva were measured before and after 8 weeks of training. Results Significant changes following AGE were found in the obese group in terms of weight (-8.09%; P=0.001), body fat% (BF%) (-12.81; P=0.001), body fat weight (BFW) (-19.38; P=0.001), and lean body weight (LBW) (-3.20; P=0.001). Saliva levels of VEGF increased post-AGE in the obese (+21.64%; P=0.79) and normoweight groups (+28.22; P=0.06), but the differences were not significant. Significant differences in weight, BF%, and BFW were found between obese AGE group with obese control, normoweight control and normoweight AGE (P<0.05). Conclusion Circulating VEGF concentrations slightly increase after 8 weeks of AGE in obese and normal-weight groups. Moreover, we demonstrate that weight significantly decreased in obese children after they engaged in AGE training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science of Gymnastics Journal is the property of Science of Gymnastics Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science of Gymnastics Journal is the property of Science of Gymnastics Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)