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Mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) with varying sizes are a common occurrence in porphyritic amphibole-bearing granite of the Bintang batholith, which is part of the Main Range granite province. The MMEs of the amphibole-bearing granite are significant as they are related to the I-type granitoids within the Main Range granite province. Petrographic observations indicate the MMEs are mantled with coarse mafic crystals on the rim and contain similar minerals to the host (biotite + plagioclase + K-feldspar + pyroxene + amphibole), but in different proportions. Geochemical analyses indicate the MMEs are shoshonitic with mg# comparable to the granite host. Substantial similarities exist between the MMEs and granite with regards to the normalized rare earth element patterns and trace elements variation diagrams. The MMEs and granite are not completely coeval as the MME zircon U-Pb age (224.3 ± 1.2 Ma) is slightly older than its granite host zircon U-Pb age (216.2 ± 1.0 Ma). The age difference is also observed from the unusual 500 m-long Tiak MME and another amphibole-bearing granite sample from the south of the pluton, which yield 221.8 ± 1.1 Ma and 217.4 ± 1.0 Ma respectively. The oldest inherited zircons found in the MME and granite are 2.0 Ga and 1.3 Ga respectively, while the oldest xenocrystic zircons found in the MME and granite are 2.5 Ga and 1.5 Ga respectively. Identical negative eHf(t) values from zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf analysis for a MME-granite pair indicates the rocks were generated from a similar, ancient source in the basement. Combining the results, we suggest that incongruent melting of an ancient protolith played an important part in the evolution of the MMEs and granite and the MMEs characteristics are best explained as restite. The zircon Hf model age (two-stage) and the I-type peritectic and restitic mineral assemblages in the MMEs further describe the protolith as Early Proterozoic-Late Archean (≈2.5 Ga) meta-igneous rock. This shows the Western Peninsular Malaysia basement does not consist entirely of meta-sedimentary rocks. As the amphibole-bearing granite and MMEs ages both falls within the suggested period of Late Triassic Sibumasu and Indochina-East Malaya collision and the calculated melt temperature for the amphibole-bearing granite is much higher than melt generated from a sedimentary source, the high heat flow required for protolith melting is best explained by episodes of lithosphere attenuation during the collision. The age of the MME and Tiak MME (∼221–224 Ma) can be taken to indicate the time of such an event.

Recently, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is being more and more used in the investigation of the flow and thermal around high-rise buildings. In this study, prediction of thermal effect on flow pattern around high-rise buildings model located in the surface boundary layer was carried out using k-e turbulence model. Investigation of thermal effect on flow pattern behind the building and comparison between isothermal and non-isothermal building using standard k-e showed that the surface temperature of building wall led to a strong upward motion close to heating wall and decreased the reattachment length behind it. The model sittings of validation study was accomplished by comparing the simulation of wind flow around building models with the experimental data of Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) that results showed in weak wind region, standard k-e has good agreement with experimental.

Evidence of Early Palaeozoic volcanism in Peninsular Malaysia is largely represented by felsic Gerik- Dinding meta-volcanic rocks; however, reliable absolute ages for the meta-volcanic rocks are still lacking. This restricts correlation of these meta-volcanic rocks with other Early Palaeozoic East Gondwana Proto- Tethys margin tectonic elements identified in the evolution of Southeast Asia. Here, we report petrographic data and zircon U-Pb age of the Gerik-Dinding metavolcanic rocks. Zircons from three Gerik-Dinding meta-volcanic rock samples yield Early to Middle Ordovician weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages between 480 and 460 Ma. The formation age of the meta-volcanic rocks coincides with the post-collision stage from the final amalgamation of Asian micro-continental fragments with the East Gondwana Proto-Tethys margin. Tectonic processes such as lithospheric delamination during the post-collision period could have induced the hot asthenosphere to underplate the continental crust and trigger crustal anatexis. With these findings, the Early Palaeozoic tectonic history of Peninsular Malaysia needs careful review.

This paper devoted to a computational prediction of blood flow in a stenotic artery using a suitable mathematical model. The artery was modelled as a rigid two-dimensional tube with three different levels of severity of the disease. In the mathematical model, the blood flow equations were governed by the stream function-vorticity equations. Then the cubic interpolation profile scheme with high order of accuracy was applied to discretise the advection term of the equation. Different cases were considered, where the Reynolds number of the blood flow were varied to predict pulsatile of blood flow. The present paper reports the analysis of flow separation area downstream the stenosed artery and the location and peak wall shear stress values. These findings may contribute for early detection and medical treatments to prevent further development of the disease and rupture of the artery.