8 results on '"Affatato M"'
Search Results
2. Polyethylene Based Polymer for Joint Replacement
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Paola Taddei, Sami Abdel Jaber, Saverio Affatato, F. Zivic, S. Affatato, M. Trajanovic, M. Schnabelrauch, N. Grujovic, K. L. Choy, Affatato, S., Jaber, S. A., and Taddei, P.
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musculoskeletal diseases ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Osteolysis ,Joint replacement ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Polymeric matrix ,Polymer ,Polyethylene ,UHMWPE Hip simulator Knee simulator Ageing DSC ,medicine.disease ,Total hip replacement surgery ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,medicine ,Femur ,Implant ,Composite material - Abstract
It is well known that the debris generated from the Ultra-High molecular weight polyethylene socket may cause adverse tissue biological reactions leading to bone loss or osteolysis. A major consequence of the debris-induced osteolysis is the loosening of the implant inside the femur or acetabular cup, which often necessitates a revision surgery. Throughout the years several materials have been used in total hip replacement surgery. In particular, metals, ceramics and polymers are used nowadays for acetabular cup components. High molecular weight polyethylene is widely used and represents the principal polymeric material used in artificial replacement of hip and knee joints. High molecular weight polyethylene is known to have superior resistance to wear compared to other polymers. Actually, in order to increase long-term performance of Ultra-High molecular weight polyethylene acetabular cups, reinforcement as carbon fibres has been added in the polymeric matrix. The leading opinion is to develop a high strength reinforced polymeric matrix such as self-reinforced Ultra-High molecular weight polyethylene. With increasing patient longevity and activity levels, a search for the ultimate polymer is important.
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- 2017
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3. Ceramics for Hip Joint Replacement
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Paola Taddei, Sami Abdel Jaber, Saverio Affatato, F. Zivic, S. Affatato, M. Trajanovic, M. Schnabelrauch, N. Grujovic, K. L. Choy, Affatato, S., Jaber, S. A., and Taddei, P.
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Materials science ,Bearing (mechanical) ,Biocompatibility ,Ceramics Joint replacement Hip prosthesis Biolox Fluorescence Raman spectroscopy ,Joint replacement ,medicine.medical_treatment ,0206 medical engineering ,Fracture mechanics ,Fretting ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Corrosion ,law.invention ,Brittleness ,law ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,medicine ,Ceramic ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Ceramic materials for total hip replacement (THR) were introduced more than 20 years ago to solve the critical problems of polyethylene wear. Ceramic materials present excellent biocompatibility, mechanical resistance and high wettability. The ideal joint bearing for THR should be able to tolerate high cyclic loading for several decades, without undergoing corrosion or fretting at modular metal tapers, and would possess proven biocompatibility and material stability in vivo, as well as to reduce wear rates. The search for the ideal total joint bearing has led to the development of ceramic bearings. They have shown a good response to the matter of wear, providing the lowest wear rates compared to other material couplings, and could represent an optimum solution for young and active patients who have high risk of loosening or osteolysis in the mid and long term. Bearings made of ceramics (i.e. aluminium oxide and/or zirconium oxide) have been shown to possess extremely low wear properties that make them suitable for THR. Further developments could be made in the direction of reducing the crack propagation, thus diminishing ceramic brittleness.
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- 2017
4. Influence of Vitreous Cortex Remnants on Normal Retinal Anatomy in Eyes with Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.
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dell'Omo R, Cucciniello P, Affatato M, Rapino G, D'Albenzio A, Venturi F, and Campagna G
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- Humans, Male, Female, Prospective Studies, Middle Aged, Follow-Up Studies, Aged, Adult, Fluorescein Angiography methods, Fundus Oculi, Endotamponade methods, Retinal Detachment surgery, Retinal Detachment diagnosis, Vitrectomy methods, Visual Acuity, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Retina diagnostic imaging, Retina pathology, Vitreous Body pathology, Vitreous Body diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the influence of vitreous cortex remnants (VCRs) removal on normal retinal anatomy in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD)., Design: Prospective cohort study., Subjects: Patients with primary RRD operated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV)., Methods: Blue fundus autofluorescence and spectral-domain OCT were obtained preoperatively, and at 1 and 6 months after operation., Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes: rate of retinal displacement and outer retinal folds (ORFs) at 1 month after operation., Secondary Outcomes: continuity of the external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ), and the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 6 months after operation., Results: One hundred three eyes were included. Intraoperatively, peripheral VCRs (pVCRs) were found in 42 eyes (40.8%) and successfully peeled off from ≥2 quadrants in 37 eyes. Macular VCRs (mVCRs) were detected in 37 (35.9%) and successfully peeled off in 29 eyes. At the end of operation 44.7% and 55.3% of the eyes were tamponaded with 20% sulfur hexafluoride gas and silicone oil 1000 centistokes, respectively. The only variable significantly associated with displacement was the use of gas tamponade versus silicone oil (P = 0.001), whereas no significant association was found between retinal displacement and pVCRs (P = 0.58) or number of quadrants from which pVCRs were peeled off (P = 0.39). At 1 month postoperatively, ORFs were globally detected in 24 eyes (23.3%). Regression analysis showed a direct correlation between ORFs and the intraoperative detection of mVCRs (P = 0.02) and an indirect correlation between ORFs and mVCRs peeling (P = 0.004). Macular VCRs peeling did not influence the continuity of ELM and EZ at the 6-month follow-up (FU). Intraoperative absence of mVCRs (P = 0.0016) and peeling of mVCRs (P = 0.003) were associated with logMAR BCVA ≤0.3 at the 6-month FU., Conclusions: Peeling of pVCRs did not seem to influence the rate of retinal displacement, whereas peeling of mVCRs was associated with a reduced risk of developing ORFs without detrimental effect on the continuity of ELM/EZ at 6-month FU. The patients without mVCRs detected intraoperatively, or who underwent mVCRs peeling during operation, showed a significantly better visual acuity at the 6-month FU., Financial Disclosure(s): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article., (Copyright © 2024 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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5. Vitreous cortex remnants in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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D'Albenzio A, Komici K, Affatato M, Castelluzzo AM, De Turris S, Tonti E, Guerra G, and Roberto dell'Omo
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- Humans, Vitrectomy methods, Visual Acuity physiology, Retinal Detachment diagnosis, Vitreous Body pathology
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The terminology "vitreous cortex remnants" (VCR) indicates the outermost lamellae of vitreous cortex that remains attached to the retinal surface as a consequence of vitreoschisis. The relevance of VCR removal in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is unknown. We conducted a review from January 1, 2000, to July 30, 2023, examining 1493 eyes. Outcome measures included: prevalence of VCR, relationship between VCR and detachment recurrence due to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and relationship between VCR and epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation. A meta-analysis was performed with data reported as odds ratios (OR) or mean difference and 95 % confidence intervals. Prevalence of macular and peripheral VCR was 53.4 and 46.8, respectively, with an overall VCR prevalence of 50.8 (95 % CI 42.6, 59.1) Given the scarcity of available data, meta-analysis regarding the relationship between peripheral VCR and redetachment due to PVR was not feasible. The odds of developing ERM were not statistically different between eyes that had had macular VCR removal vs. eyes that had not (log OR -0.08 [95 % CI -1.06, 0.89 p= 0.89]. Additional prospective studies are required to verify whether removal of VCR may reduce the odds of recurrence of RRD due to PVR and the development of ERM., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2025
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6. Prophylactic Therapy for Long-Term Ocular Discomfort After Cataract Surgery.
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Di Zazzo A, Spelta S, Micera A, De Gregorio C, Affatato M, Esposito G, Balzamino BO, Sgrulletta R, Coassin M, and Bonini S
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Purpose: The cataract surgery dissatisfaction rate is 20% to 35% due to ocular surface discomfort. We investigate the ocular surface discomfort after surgical failure as a consequence of age-related parainflammation. We also aim to prevent it by immune-modulating prophylactic management., Methods: Monocentric clinical trial realized in a teaching hospital. Prospective, randomized, open-label, unmasked clinical trial. One hundred patients diagnosed with cataracts underwent phacoemulsification surgery. Groups A (<65 years; n = 25) and B (>75 years; n = 25) received surgery only. Groups C and D (both >75 years and both n = 25) used cyclosporine A 0.1% cationic emulsion (CE) eye drops or CE lubricating eye drops (both twice daily), respectively, for 30 days before surgery. Patients were followed up 90 days after surgery. The primary outcome was postoperative ocular surface failure; secondary outcomes examined the influence of prophylactic cyclosporine A 0.1% CE therapy on ocular surface outcomes., Results: Group B demonstrated greater severity regarding ocular surface signs and symptoms throughout the study period, versus all other groups. Signs/symptoms were typically lower in Group A. Group C achieved significant reductions in conjunctival Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye values ( P < 0.05), conjunctival hyperemia severity ( P < 0.01), and meibomian gland dysfunction ( P < 0.001) at Day 45, versus Group B, and tear break-up time was increased ( P < 0.001). Ocular surface inflammatory marker transcription (HLADR, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [ICAM-1], and interleukin 6 [IL-6]) was significantly downregulated in Group C, versus Group B, at 90 days ( P < 0.05)., Conclusions: Cataract surgery induced ocular surface system failure with a clinically significant persistent inflammatory status (InflammAging) in patients older than 75 years. Prophylactic cyclosporine A 0.1% CE eye drops were associated with improved ocular surface homeostasis and reductions in inflammatory markers., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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7. Intravitreal Brolucizumab for Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy Associated With Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.
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Carosielli M, Carnevali A, Fallico M, Pirozzi E, Chiosi F, Chronopoulos A, Cucciniello P, Affatato M, Rapino G, and dell'Omo R
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Choroid diagnostic imaging, Central Serous Chorioretinopathy complications, Central Serous Chorioretinopathy drug therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the anatomical and functional outcomes of intravitreal brolucizumab in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy complicated by pachychoroid neovasculopathy., Methods: Retrospective analysis of 34 eyes treated with intravitreal brolucizumab. Twenty-five eyes (73.5%) had been treated with other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents before switching to brolucizumab, whereas nine eyes were naïve. Outcome measures included the change of central foveal thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness, evaluation of sub/intraretinal fluid on optical coherence tomography, and change in best-corrected visual acuity., Results: Before starting brolucizumab, 23 eyes showed subretinal fluid, 8 both subretinal and intraretinal fluid, and 3 intraretinal fluid only. At the last visit, 22 eyes (64.7%) showed complete reabsorption of both intraretinal and subretinal fluid, whereas subretinal fluid was still present in 8 eyes (23.5%), and both intraretinal and subretinal fluid in 4 eyes (11.8%). The mean number of brolucizumab injections required to achieve complete fluid reabsorption was 2.8 ± 1.8. central foveal thickness decreased from 317.8 ± 109.3 µm to 239.8 ± 74.8 µm (P = 0.0005) and subfoveal choroidal thickness decreased from 399.3 ± 86.2 µm to 355.5 ± 92.7 µm at the end of the follow-up period (P = 0.0008). The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.4 ± 0.2 to 0.3 ± 0.2 at 1 month after the first injection and remained stable at the same values at the end of the follow-up period (P = 0.04)., Conclusions: Intravitreal brolucizumab is effective for the treatment of naïve and recalcitrant pachychoroid neovasculopathy., Translational Relevance: Intravitreal brolucizumab may represent an option in patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy complicating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.
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- 2023
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8. Biomarkers of Vitreous Cortex Remnants in Eyes With Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.
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dell'Omo R, Carosielli M, Rapino G, Affatato M, Cucciniello P, Virgili G, Filippelli M, Costagliola C, and Campagna G
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- Humans, Visual Acuity, Retina, Vitrectomy methods, Biomarkers, Retinal Detachment diagnosis, Retinal Detachment surgery
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify pre-operative biomarkers of vitreous cortex remnants (VCRs) in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD)., Methods: Prospective case series of 103 eyes treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) to repair RRD. Pre-operatively, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and B-scan ultrasonography (US) were used to study the vitreo-retinal interface and vitreous cortex status. If detected during PPV, VCRs were removed. Images acquired pre-operatively were compared with intra-operative findings and with postoperative OCT images taken at 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine associations between VCRs and pre-operative variables., Results: The presence of VCRs at the macula (mVCRs) and at the periphery (pVCRs), was ascertained intra-operatively in 57.3% and 53.4% of the eyes, respectively. Pre-operatively, a preretinal hyper-reflective layer (PHL) and a saw-toothed aspect of the retinal surface (SRS) were identified with OCT in 73.8% and 66% of the eyes, respectively. US sections showed a vitreous cortex running close and parallel to the detached retina upon static and kinetic examination (the "lining sign") in 52.4% of the cases. Multivariate regression analyses showed an association between PHL and SRS and intra-operative evidence of mVCRs (P = 0.003 and < 0.0001, respectively) and between SRS and "lining sign" and pVCRs (P = 0.0006 and 0.04, respectively)., Conclusions: PHL and SRS on OCT and the "lining sign" on US appear to be useful pre-operative biomarkers of the intra-operative presence of VCRs., Translational Relevance: Preoperative identification of VCRs biomarkers may help to plan the operating strategy in eyes with RRD.
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- 2023
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