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An ectopic kidney is a condition in which one or both kidneys are located outside of their normal anatomical position, typically lower than usual, and are prone to stone disease. In the past, most patients required open surgical treatment, but nowadays, laparoscopy-assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy and multisession retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) facilitate minimally invasive approaches. A 42-year-old male presented to the urology clinic with complaints of intermittent lower midabdominal pain near the suprapubic area for a year. A computed tomography scan evaluation of the abdomen without contrast was then performed, showing incomplete staghorn with multiple calyceal stones in the ectopic kidney, with the largest stone measuring 2 × 1.2 cm and mild hydronephrosis. A single-session RIRS was performed which successfully disintegrated the stone. This pelvic kidney, although situated within the retroperitoneum, has the bowels positioned between the front wall of the abdomen and the kidney. The successful navigation of the flexible ureteroscope through the deformed urinary tract made RIRS applicable in the presence of a urinary tract deformity. This case was managed with RIRS, which offers advantages in visualization and is considered a safer option compared to other methods.

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Hiperbilirubinemia merupakan peningkatan kadar bilirubin dalam darah yang secara klinis ditandai dengan adanya ikterus. Terdapat berbagai factor risiko hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian karena dapat menyebabkan neonatus mengalami bilirubin ensefalopati akut atau pada fase lanjut akan menyebabkan kernikterus. Objektif: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus yang dirawat di perinatologi RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif yang menggunakan data rekam medis neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia pada bulan Januari 2021 hingga Desember 2022. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan sebanyak 70 sampel neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 35,7% neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia termasuk kedalam kategori high risk. 41% pada neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia merupakan jenis kelamin laki-laki. Faktor risiko hiperbilrubinemia pada neonatus adalah 35,6% dengan berat lahir rendah, 32,8% dengan inkompatibilitas darah, 32,8% dengan preterm, 21,4% dengan infeksi, 7,1% dengan breastfeeding jaundice, dan 1,4% dengan ibu diabetes Melitus. Tidak ditemukan faktor risiko polisitemia pada neonatus yang hiperbilirubinemia. Kesimpulan: Faktor risiko hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus yang terbanyak ditemukan adalah BBLR, diikuti oleh faktor risiko lainnya seperti inkompatibilitas darah, usia gestasi, infeksi, breastfeeding jaundice, dan ibu dengan diabetes melitus. Kata kunci: Neonatus, hiperbilirubinemia, faktor risiko. Abstract Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is an increased level of bilirubin in the blood which is clinically characterized by icterus. There are various risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates so attention needs to be paid because it can cause neonates to experience acute bilirubin encephalopathy or in the advanced phase it can cause kernicterus. Objective: This study aims to describe the risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates treated at the neonatology department of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Method: This research is a retrospective descriptive study using medical records of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This research was conducted at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in January 2021 – December 2022. In this study, 70 samples were obtained from neonates with a diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia who met the inclusion criteria. Result: The results of this study founded that 35,7% of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were included in the high risk category. 41% of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia are male. The risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates were 35.6% with low birth weight neonates, 32.8% with blood incompatibility, 32.8% with preterm, 21.4% with infections, 7.1% with breastfeeding jaundice, and 1.4% with diabetes mellitus. No risk factors for polycythemia were found in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is the most common risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates is LBW, followed by other risk factors such as blood incompatibility, gestational age, infection, breastfeeding jaundice, cholestasis, and maternal diabetes mellitus. Keyword: Neonates, hyperbilirubinemia, risk factors.

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Hiperbilirubinemia ditandai dengan adanya ikterus. Hiperbilirubinemia dibedakan menjadi dua jenis, yaitu hiperbilirubinemia fisiologis dan patologis. Hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus perlu mendapat perhatian karena dapat menyebabkan neonatus mengalami bilirubin ensefalopati akut atau pada fase lanjut akan menyebabkan kernikterus Objektif: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus yang dirawat di perinatologi RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif yang menggunakan data rekam medis neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia pada bulan Januari 2021 hingga Desember 2022 Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan 58,6% neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dan 35,7% masuk dalam kategori high risk. Kejadian faktor risiko hiperbilrubinemia pada neonatus adalah 35,6% dengan berat lahir rendah, 32,8% dengan inkompatibilitas darah, 32,8% dengan preterm, 21,4% dengan infeksi, 7,1% dengan breastfeeding jaundice, dan 1,4% dengan ibu diabetes melitus. Tidak ditemukan faktor risiko polisitemia pada neonatus yang hiperbilirubinemia. Kesimpulan. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan faktor risiko hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus terbanyak adalah BBLR, diikuti oleh faktor risiko lainnya seperti inkompatibilitas darah, usia gestasi, infeksi, breastfeeding jaundice, dan ibu diabetes melitus Abstract Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is an increased level of bilirubin in the blood which is clinically characterized by icterus. There are various risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates so attention needs to be paid because it can cause neonates to experience acute bilirubin encephalopathy or in the advanced phase it can cause kernicterus. Objective: This study aims to describe the risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates treated at the neonatology department of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Method: This research is a retrospective descriptive study using medical records of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This research was conducted at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in January 2021 – December 2022. In this study, 70 samples were obtained from neonates with a diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia who met the inclusion criteria. Result: The results of this study founded that 35,7% of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were included in the high risk category. 41% of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia are male. The risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates were 35.6% with low birth weight neonates, 32.8% with blood incompatibility, 32.8% with preterm, 21.4% with infections, 7.1% with breastfeeding jaundice, and 1.4% with diabetes mellitus. No risk factors for polycythemia were found in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is the most common risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates is LBW, followed by other risk factors such as blood incompatibility, gestational age, infection, breastfeeding jaundice, cholestasis, and maternal diabetes mellitus. Keyword: Neonates, hyperbilirubinemia, risk factors.

Abstract Background Studies have attributed 50% of infertility cases to male infertility, 15% of which is caused by idiopathic genetic factors. Currently, no specific biomarkers have been revealed for male infertility. Furthermore, research on genetic factors causing male infertility is still limited. As with other multifactorial genetic disorders, numerous risk loci for male infertility have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), although their clinical significance remains uncertain. Therefore, we utilized an integrative bioinformatics-based approach to identify biomarkers for male infertility. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using Open Targets Platform, DisGeNet, and GWAS Catalog. After that, the STRING database and the Cytoscape program were used to analyze protein–protein interaction. CytoHubba was used to determine the most significant gene candidates. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were used to assess biological functions that correspond to the male infertility disease pathway. Results We identified 305 genes associated with male infertility and highlighted 10 biological risk genes as potential biomarkers for male infertility such as TEX11, SPO11, SYCP3, HORMAD1, STAG3, MSH4, SYCP2, SYCE1, RAD21L1, and AMH. Of all the genes, we took the top three genes, namely, TEX11, SPO11, and SYCP3 as the genes that have the most potential as biomarkers. Conclusions TEX11, SPO11, and SYCP3 are involved in meiosis and spermatogenesis. We propose that further research in regarding these genes in detecting male infertility.

Latar Belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 membuat masyarakat menjalankan pola hidup baru dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan dengan membersihkan tangan menggunakan hand sanitizer. Hand sanitizer diformulasikan untuk dapat menghambat dan membunuh mikroorganisme dengan cara mendenaturasi lipid, namun efek dari cara kerjanya ini dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya dermatitis tangan. Objektif: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola penggunaan hand sanitizer dengan kejadian dermatitis tangan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan metode cross-sectional study dengan teknik simple random sampling pada mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Angkatan 2021 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 orang. Data responden diperoleh dari kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan sebagian besar mahasiswa menggunakan hand sanitizer lebih dari 6 bulan (82,5%) dengan frekuensi 1 sampai 5 kali dalam sehari (86,3%). Lebih dari setengah mahasiswa menggosok tangan kurang dari 10 detik setiap menggunakan hand sanitizer (75%), dan tidak menggunakan pelembab (57,5%). Sebagian besar mahasiswa tidak mengalami dermatitis tangan (77,5%) dan tidak memiliki riwayat atopi (80%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara durasi penggunaan, frekuensi penggunaan, durasi scrubbing penggunaan hand sanitizer dan penggunaan pelembab dengan kejadian dermatitis tangan dengan nilai p=0.599 untuk durasi penggunaan, p=0.086 untuk frekuensi penggunaan, p=1.00 untuk durasi scrubbing, dan p=0.316 untuk penggunaan pelembab. Terdapat hubungan antara riwayat atopi dengan kejadian dermatitis tangan dengan nilai p=0,000. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola penggunaan hand sanitizer dengan kejadian dermatitis tangan khususnya durasi penggunaan, frekuensi, dan durasi scrubbing dan penggunaan pelembab, namun terdapat hubungan antara riwayat atopi dengan kejadian dermatitis tangan. Kata kunci: Pola penggunaan hand sanitizer, dermatitis tangan

Latar Belakang: Bayi berat lahir rendah adalah suatu kondisi ketika bayi lahir dengan berat di bawah 2.500 gram tanpa menghitung usia gestasi. Banyak faktor yang dapat menyebabkan bayi berat lahir rendah, salah satunya adalah kualitas antenatal care ibu selama kehamilan. Objektif: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah dengan kualitas antenatal care di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas tahun 2021. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional pada 43 ibu yang melahirkan tahun 2021 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2023. Subjek pada penelitian ini dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner antenatal care dan observasi buku KIA. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan frekuensi bayi berat lahir rendah sebesar 16,3%, dan pada umumnya ibu mendapatkan kualitas antenatal careyang baik. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah dengan kualitas antenatal care di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas tahun 2021. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara kualitas antenatal care dengan berat lahir rendah, sehingga perlu diperhatikan faktor penyebab berat lahir rendah lainnya agar kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah dapat dicegah.

Bukit Nobita adalah salah satu kawasan yang sedang dikembangkan sebagai objek wisata di Kota Padang. Diatas Bukit Nobita terlihat pemandangan indah dan bisa melihat view Kota Padang. Namun, topografi yang berbukit dengan kemiringan lereng yang cukup terjal, menyebabkan kawasan ini rawan bencana tanah longsor. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memetakan potensi longsor di Bukit Novita. Kegiatan dimulai dari persiapan, pelaksanaan dilapangan dan evaluasi. Kegiatan dilapangan dilakukan dua tahap. Tahap pertama yaitu eksperimen untuk memetakan potensi longsor. Tahap kedua adalah sosialisasi. Khalayak sasaran dari kegiatan ini adalah Lurah Kampung Jua Nan XX dan perangkatnya, dan masyarakat di sekitar Bukit Nobita. Hasil kajian dan pemetaan disosialisasikan kepada pihak kelurahan dan tokoh masyarakat yang terlibat dalam pengembangan kawasan pariwisata Bukit Nobita yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 16 November 2022. Pengembangan objek wisata, sering kali merubah penggunaan dan tutupan lahan. Namun, mitigasi potensi bencana tanah longsor di kawasan ini belum pernah dilakukan. Oleh karena itu, tim jurusan Fisika Universitas Andalas melakukan pemetaan potensi longsor di Bukit Novita selama enam bulan, menggunakan metode mikroseismik dan geolistrik. Dari kegiatan ini diperoleh peta sebaran frekuensi dominan, peta sebaran amplifikasi, identifikasi bidang gelincir, dalam kaitannya dengan potensi longsor di Bukit Nobita. Selanjutnya hasil pemetaan dan upaya mitigasinya telah disosialisasikan kepada pihak kelurahan dan tokoh masyarakat yang terlibat dalam pengembangan kawasan pariwisata Bukit Nobita. Kegiatan ini terlaksana dengan baik. Peta sebaran potensi longsor yang didapatkan dari kegiatan ini menjadi masukan bagi masyarakat dan pemangku kepentingan dalam pengembangan objek wisata Buki Nobita yang aman terhadap bencana.

The field of education is dedicated to exploring the principles and ideals of excellence in the pursuit of knowledge. These principles offer insights into the rules and standards guiding knowledge acquisition, ensuring that the knowledge obtained benefits individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of taʻlīm mutaʻallim module in enhancing students’ self-confidence in group guidance. Sampling was conducted using both random and purposive random sampling methods. Subsequently, a quantitative method was used to perform the exploration by applying a quasi-experimental method with 27 students from Madrasah Aliyah Muallimat NW Pancor in Lombok, Indonesia. The students were categorized into two groups, and the study design incorporated the administration of pretest, the implementation of treatment, and the administration of posttest. The treatment consisted of seven meetings where participants received a module designed to internalize taʻlīm mutaʻallim values, with the aim of improving self-confidence in group guidance. Additionally, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive data analysis, paired sample t-test, and effect size analysis. The results of hypothesis testing showed that the t-value was 9.607, with a significance level of 0.001 (

Long-distance marriage is when marriage couple living separately for various reasons and one of them is work. Tipically, affecting couple's complaint of marital dissatisfaction. This study uses a qualitative and descriptive approach to analyze marital satisfaction of long-distance marriage couples. The subjects were 4 housewife selected using a purposive sampling technique based on specific aspects (characteristics), specifically a couple who are having a long-distance marriage for approximately 1 year. Data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews. Furthermore, the data were analyzed through four stages of data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that subjects 1, 2, and 3 felt satisfied in a marriage relationship except subject 4, who was dissatisfied. There were no difficulties in the four subjects' relationships with their partners because they were able to communicate effectively. Moreover, all of them could solve problems and cope well with the household economic situation. This study imply that the involvement of a counselor is essential in providing subjects with a variety of approaches. The therapeutic communication between counselors and subjects, in particular LDM couples, can be used to provide services to others.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan kemandirian anak ditinjau dari pengasuh orangtua dan grandparents. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif komparatif dengan metode kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 40 orang siswa SD di Sumatera Barat (kelas 1-3 SD, usia rata-rata 6-9 tahun, laki-laki dan perempuan, diasuh oleh orangtua dan grandparent yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah angket kemandirian (validitas 45 item pernyataan) yang mengukur aspek kemampuan fisik, aspek percaya diri, aspek bertanggung jawab, aspek disiplin, aspek pandai bergaul, aspek saling berbagi dan aspek mengendalikan emosi. Data dianalisis dengan uji beda (t-test). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemandirian anak yang difokuskan oleh orangtua dan grandrandparent sama-sama berada pada kategori tinggi dengan persentase 80,00% dan dilihat dari nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) lebih besar dari taraf signifikansi 0,05 (0,864 > 0,05), sehingga H0 diterima dan Ha ditolak. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemandirian anak diasuh oleh orangtua dan kemandirian anak yang diasuh oleh grandparent. Terkait dengan temuan ini, konselor perlu meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai pengasuhan orangtua maupun pengasuhan grandparents yang baik melalui pemberian pelayanan Bimbingan dan Konseling.

Because women in Indonesian society gain more experience in the family, one of which is education instilled through family gender culture, women's career aspirations are believed to have their own characteristics. In today's society, the current condition of female students' career expectations is apprehensive. Most of the female students do not have any professional characteristics, such as career aspirations. This research involving 109 female students from various cultural contexts will divide their findings into two categories: patriarchal family education and matriarchal family education. The main objective of this research is to investigate the career expectations of female students in relation to patriarchal and matriarchal family education, and to compare the two household categories. As a result, the majority of female students from societies that place a patriarchal emphasis on gender have expectations of career self-efficacy, whereas those from societies that place a matriarchal emphasis on gender have expectations of outcomes. Parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for comparative analysis. The test results show F = 75.011 for career expectations on self-efficacy and F = 145.467 for outcome expectation (OE). 0.000 is a significant value for both variations.

The existence of conflict in the household is unavoidable, a prolonged conflict can cause rifts in the household and even divorce. The divorce rate in Indonesia is increasing day by day. On average, those who experience this divorce are early adult women aged 20-40 years. Divorce experienced by women in early adulthood can have negative psychological effects such as feelings of worthlessness (low self-esteem). If not handled properly, of course this will become a new problem such as stress, depression, feeling unaccepted and other negative feelings.

Sebagai makhluk sosial, siswa perlu untuk saling membantu dengan orang lain, salah satunya ia harus mampu menampilkan sikap prososial, agar terciptanya iklim yang baik dalam pergaulan dengan teman sebayanya. Sebagai upaya dalam peningkatan sikap prososial siswa, dalam penelitian kali ini akan digunakan salah satu layanan bimbingan dan konseling yaitu layanan bimbingan kelompok. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan model bimbingan kelompok yang efektif untuk mengembangkan sikap prososial siswa. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimen kuasi two-group pretest-posttest terhadap siswa SMA dengan mengambil populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh siswa dalam satu sekolah yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen prososial. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Independent Sample T-Test dengan analisis data prososial siswa sebelum dan setelah mengikuti model bimbingan kelompok

Having a harmonious, happy and loving family is everyone’s dream. But few people can make it happen. There are still family members who feel uncomfortable when they are at home. They feel insecure, pressured, unappreciated, and neglected. Domestic violence can affect every family member, wife, husband, children, or other family members. However, the most frequent victims of domestic violence, with the highest number of cases each year, are women. Women who are victims experience various negative affects. Besides impacting the physical, it also impacts the psyche, one of which is anxiety. This paper aims to analyze various research results related to anxiety in women victims of domestic violence. This paper gives a theoretical overview of the research on anxiety in domestic violence victims. Searches in databases relevant to both clinical and consumer behavior literature, such as Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science – Social Citations Index, Medline, PsycINFO, and Pubmed, were used to conduct a selective review of the literature. The paper examines current thinking on troublesome anxiety disorders in women who have been victims of domestic violence. The literature evaluation allows for the expansion of existing knowledge about domestic violence.

Individual quality of life is influenced by health, both physical and psychological health. Individual psychological health is related to mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on public health, especially in the world of work. Based on this, the researchers conducted research on the mental health condition of the community in the work environment in terms of gender and length of work. This study uses a comparative descriptive research method. The research sample amounted to 38 people, namely 11 male and 27 female. The research sample came from Sumatra and Java. The instrument used in this study is a mental health instrument. Data collection is done through google form. Data analysis using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using the program JASP (Jeffrey's Amazing Statistics Program) version 0.12 and the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) program. The results showed that men's mental health was better in the work environment than women and there were differences in mental health in terms of length of work. Therefore, to improve the mental health of workers, it is possible to apply religiosity in the work environment.

This study aims to determine the resilience of single parent mothers in life. The study was conducted on 3 widows (1 divorce alive and 2 death divorced, aged 44-70 years) through observation and interviews with data reduction analysis, data presentation and conclusion. The results showed that the overall resilience of single parent mothers was low, seen from each aspect. However, DAS subjects have good resilience compared to RN and SW subjects, because DAS is elderly, single parent status is divorced, has long lost and is used to living alone. Meanwhile, the subjects RN and SW were single parents, divorced and felt traumatized when they got married. Based on the results of the study, especially for single mothers with new statuses and conditions, this is not a reason to give up facing a problem. The surrounding community is expected to pay more attention to the condition of single mothers, especially single mothers who have a level of economic difficulty and bear a lot of burdens. Not only that, counselors also have an important role in increasing single mother resilience so that the psychological impact of carrying out a new status as a single mother can be minimized.

Kepuasan pernikahan merupakan penilaian subjektif dari masing-masing individu terhadap mutu ataupun kualitas secara keseluruhan dalam pernikahannya. Kepuasan pernikahan akan berbeda pada pasangan yang sama-sama bekerja dengan pasangan yang hanya suami atau istri saja yang bekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif metode deskriptif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang (15 pasangan suami istri). Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah instrumen kepuasan pernikahan dan tergolong ke dalam typical performance test. Data penelitian dianalisis dan dideskripsikan dengan menggunakan rumus persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepuasan pernikahan pada pasangan suami istri baik pada suami maupun istri sama-sama berada pada kategori tinggi pada seluruh aspek. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian konselor diharapkan dapat memberikan pelayanan konseling sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pernikahan bagi pasangan suami istri yang bekerja melalui layanan informasi, layanan penguasaan konten, layanan konseling perorangan, dan layanan mediasi.

This article discusses efforts to increase students' career maturity using Holland's theory where we know at this time students are difficult to determine the career choice they will go to and also because low career maturity will result in students making wrong career decisions in the future. The method used is a literature review by critically analyzing current research on a particular topic. This article also discusses about 1.) the basic concepts of Holland's theory. 2.) characteristics of Holland's theory 3.) Strengths and weaknesses of Holland's theory. 4.) career maturity. Holland's theory discusses how to choose a career based on personality type. Holland's typological theory establishes the relationship between personality and environment by categorizing between interests and personal characteristics in a combination of six types of work: RIASEC.

Teori Holland menganggap bahwa minat kerja merupakan aspek kepribadian, sehingga deskripsi pekerjaan pribadi juga berkaitan dengan deskripsi kepribadian pribadi. Kenyataannya di lapangan, masih banyaknya individu yang kesulitan dalam menentukan arah karirnya. Untuk itu, individu mesti merencanakan dan meninjau kemana arah karirnya sejak dini. Hal ini dilakukan agar individu mengetahui arah karir untuk masa depan dan apa yang mesti ia lakukan untuk mencapai karir yang direncanakan tersebut. Penelitian yang digunakan ialah analisis tinjauan pustaka, di mana tulisan ini akan memberikan penjelasan terkait analisis jurnal ilmiah terkait dengan pembahasan dipilih sebelumnya. Ada beberapa langkah dalam melakukan penelitian ini, yaitu (1) memilih artikel yang relevan, (2) mengumpulkan data awal untuk menyusun artikel, (3) mengangkat hal terkait topik, (4) menyatukan data penunjang, serta (5) menarik kesimpulan. Jadi Teori Holland ini cukup banyak memberikan kontribusi dalam arah perencanaan karir seseorang. Untuk itu, kita akan mencoba menafsirkan bagaimana teori Holland dilihat dari arah perencanaan karirnya.

The future challenge in life for students is self-preparation in choosing a career. Career choice is a determination in decision making as a process where a person makes his choice based on the abilities and qualifications of the students themselves, according to the characteristics of each major, interests, talents, and knowing plans for future career prospects. Trait and Factor can be interpreted as a directive-counseling or counselor- centered approach, having the basic view that human personality is a system of interdependent traits and factors. Trait and factor is a counseling style that emphasizes individual understanding through psychological testing and the application of that understanding in solving various problems faced, especially those concerning career choices. This article is a literature review that will explain career guidance and counseling services in terms of Trait and Factor Career Theory Analysis. Data in this study sourced by books and journals that are credible and reputable.

One of the things that often happens to individuals after graduating from education is that many do not know what work to do, where to work, and do not understand how to have a career according to their interest and talents. Trait and factor is one of the theories in career guidance and counseling that helps individuals to improve their understanding ability to have a career. Career guidance and counseling services using trait and factor theory can assist individuals in finding and determining their careers. Career guidance and counseling is one of the services provided to individuals/students to help gain an undestanding of careers. Career guidance and counseling using trait and factor theory is proven to be able to improve and develop individual/students career abilities in a better direction. Counselors are people who play an important role in providing career guidance and counseling services. This is also intented so that individuals are able to develop their talents, interest and abilities in a career.

This article discusses strategies to improve career planning for middle high school students. Currently, some of the IX middle high school students are having problems in planning their careers. There are still students who don't know where they will go after graduation. There are students who after graduation choose schools at random, based on the choice of their parents or with friends. Here it can be seen that there is no contribution from the student's interests, talents, and desires. Therefore, it is very necessary to have career planning as a process of choosing a career direction, taking into account the opportunities, constraints, and options to achieve the desired career goals according to the potential of students such as talents, interests, intelligence with consultations between counseling teachers, students, and parents or in the form of an instrument. So, it is hoped that counseling teachers at schools have strategies in improving, developing, and directing junior high school students in career planning, and there is nothing wrong in choosing a career for their future.

Karir adalah proses yang melibatkan aktivitas individu dalam membuat keputusan hidup yang dianggap individu sebagai pengembangan diri seumur hidup (self development) daripada bekerja. Namun, masalah yang sering muncul jika menyangkut dampak pribadi adalah kurangnya karir. Istilah karir sering dipahami sebagai proses keberhasilan pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh seorang individu. Sehingga dampak dari minimnya individu tersebut dalam memperoleh informasi mengenai karirnya atau hal-hal yang dapat mendukung atau menunjang karir dalam kehidupannya.

This article describes the preparation of vocational students when carrying out career guidance to enter the world of work. The purpose of career guidance is to obtain information about the right type of further education so that the chosen career is in accordance with the talents, interests, and values that are upheld. So that students will not experience difficulties in making decisions with career plans that will be chosen for their future. The research method used is a literature review which is supported by data from various sources of articles, source books, and other supporting documents. The results of the analysis show that career guidance is very useful for vocational students to prepare for later entering the world of work. Therefore, students are expected to be able to apply the career guidance material provided by the counselor so that they are not confused in choosing a career later.

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangii oleh ditemukannya peserta didik yang mengalami kesulitan karna belum meliki tujuan dan rencana karir yang belum jelas. Deengan iini aagar pencapaian kompetensi yang dimilikii siswa dipeerlukan suatulayana, bantuaan, ataupendekatan teerhadap siswauntuk memecahkanmasalah kariir, memperolehpenyesuaian diiri baik. Dan dengan teoriini bisa membantuseorang konseloor aagar bisamelakukan bimbingankarir tidak hanya berpandanga pada aspek pengetahuannyasaja. Teori Donal Super menjelaskan bahwa peerwujudan konsepdiri pengertiannya seseorang yang mempunyai konsep diri yang baik dan ia mau untuk selalu berusaha untuk menetapakan pekerjaan dan karirnya. Perkembaangan teorimemandang bahwasanya pialihan kariir bukanlah kejadian yang sekali dalamseumur hiidup karena konsep diriitu akan berubah.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adah mengetaui bagaimana superl life span theory menentukan karir dan tahap perkembangan karir sesuai dengan konsep diri individu, dan penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian literatur review yang mana tujuan penelitian ini adaalah untuk mendapatkan suatu peristiwa ataugambaran yang berkenanaan dengan perkembangan konsep diri seseorang.

Career guidance is needed both starting from the education period at school and up to the world of work. For this reason, being able to determine the right career choice for adults requires a long process, namely career planning which is influenced by the level of development. Guidance and counseling in the world of work helps workers to help solve problems and develop themselves. Counseling for retirement is held solely to prepare older employees for retirement. Career guidance should indeed be carried out at an early age to develop one's potential. The problems encountered in the field are the unpreparedness of the community to develop their potential and the lack of services from the government, therefore take advantage career counseling in workplace, community, employees and retirees.

One of the most important factors in a teenager's life is career exploration. Career is a choice of work that is a goal for an individual or can be interpreted as the development of a person's life journey. Career planning that is mature will be greatly influenced by the results of career exploration carried out by adolescents. Because in career exploration, teenagers carry out career tracking activities in a planned and systematic way towards what they are interested in and what suits their talents. Career exploration in the perspective of Holland's theory is how individual and environmental characteristics lead to career choices. There are six types of environment according to Holland's theory, namely Realistic, Investigative, Aristic, Social, Active and Conventional. This article uses a literature review research method. Literature review is a library research that is obtained through searching various books, journals and other publications that can support the research topic.

Perencanaan karir sangat penting untuk menunjang kesuksesan di masa mendatang, namun bagi sebagian mahasiswa tingkat akhir merasa khawatir akan rencana karirnya karena kurang paham tentang dunia kerja yang tidak disampaikan secara optimal saat di bangku kuliah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional pendekatan komparatif dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang relevan untuk menunjukkan pentingnya bimbingan konseling karir di perguruan tinggi. Bimbingan karir sangat berpengaruh terhadap kematangan rencana karir yang menentukan kesuksesan di masa depan.

The problem in this research is the high rate of student unemployment after graduating from school. One of the factors causing the high unemployment rate is students who do not know their own personality and work that suits their personality. This type of research is qualitative with a literature review approach, namely by using a way of, reading, searching, learning, and analyzing the contents of the book and is supported by several literatures that are related to the problem being studied. From the results of the analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that Holland's theory contributes to determining the career maturity of students.

Artikel ini membahas tentang kesesuaian antara minat dan bakat dalam menentukan jurusan pendidikan tinggi melalui bimbingan karir di sekolah menengah atas, metode yang digunakan peneliti adalah studi kepustakaan yang mengkaji berdasarkan jurnal dan buku. Bimbingan karir sangat lah penting bagi peserta didik sekolah menengah terutama sekolah menengah atas, salah satu nya dalam pemilihan jurusan. Pemilihan jurusan yang tepat juga berdasarkan kesesuaian antara minat dan bakat peserta didik. Minat dan bakat yang sesuai dengan pilihan juusan mereka dapat memudahkan mereka dalam menemukan jati diri dan potensi mereka sehingga mampu memantapkan mereka dalam merencanakan karir masa depan.

Psychological symptoms, including loneliness, and tiredness of being unable to see friends, relatives, as well as co-workers, indefinitely, are one problem faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study, therefore, aims to evaluate the extent of loneliness felt during this period, particularly by students, using a descriptive quantitative method, based on the AF loneliness Scale (AFLS). The cross-sectional study was conducted between June 11 and July 29, 2020, through an online survey on Survey Monkey platform. A total of 504 Indonesians aged 12 to 27 years, from several provinces and regions in Indonesia, participated in this study. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using JASP (Jeffrey's Amazing Statistics Program). According to the results, there was a tendency for 49.40% and 33.47% of students to experience symptoms of loneliness in the medium and high categories, respectively. However, there are differences in the symptoms experienced by male and female students. Racial Batak students also experienced more loneliness, compared to other ethnic groups, for instance, Minang, Malay, and Chinese. In addition, students aged between 20 and 23 are more likely to feel loneliness. These findings are useful inputs for certain parties, including school counselors, to discover alternative solutions to help students affected by the COVID-19 pandemic overcome this feeling

Observations of earthquake precursors via geomagnetic anomalies from ultra-low frequency (ULF) could provide an expectation for short-term earthquake prediction. However, there are still several obstacles in determining this precursor, one of which is the presence of a precursor bias if the earthquake occurs at a close time and location. To cope with this problem, we analysed six earthquakes with a magnitude >5 on Pagai Island, Mentawai, Sumatra, during 2020. These earthquakes have epicentres close to each other and occur within a short time (one month). This study used geomagnetic data recorded by the Magnetic Data Acquisition System (MAGDAS) magnetometer network at Sicincin station (SCN), West Sumatra, and Kepahiyang station (KPY), Bengkulu, with a span of one month before the earthquake. The anomaly of ULF emission was analysed using the power spectral density method at a frequency of 0.012 Hz for the H and Z components of the geomagnetic data. The onset time of the ULF emission anomaly was determined by the standard deviation value (pz + σ, pz – σ) of the SZ/SH power ratio polarization. The disturbance storm time index (Dst) was used to ensure that the anomaly occurred was not caused by geomagnetic storm. Also, the single station transfer function was used to calculate the azimuth, and the empirical formula between the anomaly amplitude and the magnitude was used to calculate the earthquake magnitude as the validation of the anomaly source. Several ULF anomalies as earthquake precursors were observed, especially at the KPY station. The estimated azimuth shows a good accuracy compared to the earthquake's azimuth, with an average value of 97.8%. Furthermore, the earthquake magnitude calculated from the ULF anomaly shows a good agreement with the actual earthquake magnitude, with an average accuracy of 98.13%.

Zinc merupakan mikro nutrien yang esensial dalam tubuh manusia sebagai kofaktor sekitar 300 enzim dan berperan dalam proses pertumbuhan serta menjaga timus supaya tidak cepat atropi. Defisiensi zinc dapat mempengaruhi sistem imun, hal ini dapat disebabkan karena asupan zinc yang kurang. Berbagai faktor terkait dapat mempengaruhi asupan zinc diantaranya pengetahuan masyarakat, pendidikan, ekonomi, pola makan, kebiasaan dan adat-istiadat. Masyarakat Desa Lambung Bukit yang merupakan desa binaan Universitas Andalas pada umumnya merupakan petani, dan masih tergolong ekonomi kurang serta tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terkait pentingnya asupan zinc masih rendah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap pentingnya zinc terhadap kesehatan tubuh dan pemberian suplemen zinc untuk mencegah terjadinya kekurangan zinc dan diharapkan dapat dapat menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat infeksi pada anak. Kegiatan dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Bustanul Ulum Batu Busuk Kelurahan Lambung Bukit, Kecamatan Pauh Kota Padang dengan metode penyuluhan, yang diikuti oleh 48 orang tua murid dan guru. Dalam kegiatan dilakukan pretest dan post-test untuk mengetahui pengetahuan peserta penyuluhan tentang zinc, peran, sumber zinc dan kaitannya dengan beberapa penyakit. Dalam kegiatan ini juga dilakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan oleh dokter spesialis anak, ditemukan 2 murid menderita Penyakit Jantung Bawaan, kebersihan mulut masih kurang dan banyak gigi murid yang karies. Selain itu juga dilakukan pemberian sirup zinc pada anak-anak usia 7-10 tahun untuk mencegah kekurangan zinc pada anak. Kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pentingnya zinc terhadap tubuh terutama mencegah kerentanan terhadap infeksi dan sumber makanan yang mengandung zinc.

Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah penerapan hukum Bernoulli pada sistem perpipaan dalam pompa hidran untuk memenuhi kebutuhan warga dalam mandi, mencuci serta mengairi sawah. Kegiatan dimulai dengan melakukan survei peninjauan lokasi, penyuluhan dan penentuan lokasi peletakan pompa, pembuatan pompa dan tower dan dan pengangkatan pompa dan tower ke lokasi. Kemudian kegiatan di lokasi dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian, diantaranya pembuatan sistem sipil dan mekanik pompa serta melakukan pengujian keberhasilan dari sistem pompa. Kegiatan ini melakukan pembuatan pompa hidran dengan pemasangan pipa menggunakan hukum Bernoulli untuk memenuhi kebutuhan warga Jorong Batu Gadang yang berjumlah 30 KK serta mengairi sawah yang luasnya 78 ha yang merupakan sawah tadah hujan. Hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan pada Nagari Katialo, Jorong Batu Gadang dalam melakukan penerapan konsep Hukum Bernoulli pada sistem perpipaan pada pompa hidran membuat air lebih cepat untuk mencapai titik tertinggi dari sistem perpipaan yang telah dibuat. Adapun untuk perbedaan ketinggian antara posisi pompa dengan permukaan air di bak penampungan (tangki) sebesar 30 meter, dengan debit air yang naik ke tangki adalah 2 liter/detik. Air yang ditampung di bak penampungan sudah dapat di nikmati oleh masyarakat Jorong Katialo. Keberhasilan sistem pompa ini ditunjukkan dari kurang dari 10 menit pengujian air berhasil menuju penampungan air di atas tower dengan perbedaan ketinggian 30 meter dari peletakan pompa hidran.

Aggressive behaviour is one of the problems which have a negative impact on adolescents, especially on their development process. This study aims to determine the extent to which students' aggressive behaviour is predictable by gender and domicile origin. The participants of this study were a total of 2681 Indonesian teenagers aged 14-20 years, that anonymously and voluntarily filled out this instrument. The instrument used was the AF Aggressive Behaviour Instrument Scale (AFABIS), which has been tested for validity and reliability with a significance of 0.08. Furthermore, data testing was carried out using network psychometrics and Rasch analysis. The results from the network psychometrics analysis showed that there was a good structure of participants in terms of gender and domicile origin (city, suburban, rural) and a significant difference in aggressive behaviour as seen from the sparsity that was raised. The results showed that male adolescents tend to show more aggressive behaviour compared to females. Furthermore, it showed that the tendency of displaying aggressive behaviour by adolescents in rural areas is more tenuous compared to those in suburbs of cities and cities. These results may be used as initial data by counselors for psychological intervention on aggressive behaviour featured by adolescents.

The presence of smartphones has caused major changes in human life, including among students. This causes the problem of smartphone addiction in students which causes their daily life to be disrupted. This study aims to reveal the contribution of self-control towards student smartphone addiction. This study was descriptive quantitative, and the data were analyzed by using a simple linear regression. The population in this study was 33480 students of undergraduate program at Universitas Negeri Padang in 2015-2019 academic year. The sample of this study was 400 students taken by using the Proportional Random Sampling technique. The research instrument used was the self-control and smartphone addiction scale with a Likert scale model. The research findings revealed that self-control gives an effective contribution towards the student smartphone addiction at Univeristas Negeri Padang as many as 30.1%.

This study aims to analyze the psychological well-being of adolescents who live with the parents of victims of domestic violence in terms of the demographic aspects of the respondents. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique using certain criteria. The number of samples is 42 people (23 women and 19 men). Each sample has different demographic characteristics. The instrument used was the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) on the Indonesian Version. Data analysis using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) with descriptive techniques. The research results found that: 1) the psychological well-being score of male adolescents was lower than the psychological well-being score of female adolescents; 2) the psychological well-being scores of the Minang ethnic adolescents were higher than the psychological well-being scores of adolescents from other tribes; and 3) the psychological well-being score of adolescents with the educational background of S1 parents is higher than adolescents with other educational backgrounds.

Readiness for retirement based on sex, position and family social support and its implications for Guidance and Counseling services. This study aims to describe the readiness to face retirement in civil servants in terms of sex, position and family social support. The sample used in this study were 40 civil servants who would retire in various government agencies in Padang Panjang City, West Sumatra. This research uses Proportional Random Sampling technique. The instrument used in this study was a scale of readiness retirement with a reliability of 0.893 and a scale of family social support with a reliability of 0.941. The findings show that there is no difference in readiness retirement in terms of sex, position and family social support. This shows that there are other factors that can affect a person's retirement readiness. These factors are age, education level, race, ethnicity and personality. Self-efficacy is a personality dimension which is an individual's assessment of his or her ability or competence to do a task, achieve a goal, and produce something.

Life satisfaction (kepuasan hidup) adalah penilaian individu secara reflektif tentang seberapa baik terpenuhi dalam kehidupannya dalam aspek psikologis. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap dua orang istri korban KDRT sebagai subjek penelitian, dengan usia pernikahan 4 tahun dan 16 tahun. Teknik pengambilan data melalui wawancara dan observasi dengan analisis reduction data, data display and conclusion drawing and verification. Teknik menjamin keabsahan data dengan cara triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, life satisfaction korban KDRT sama-sama kurang baik. Namun ada perbedaan dalam hal aspek integritas. Subjek penelitian pertama lebih baik dalam aspek integritas keluarga. Sedangkan YI jauh lebih baik dalam hal integritas pribadi. Jadi, life satisfaction dalam hasil penelitian secara menyeluruh terungkap YI lebih baik daripada EF karena penderitaan KDRT yang dialaminya tidak mengganggu komitmen pernikahannya. Implikasi dalam Bimbingan dan Konseling, diarahkan pada kajian kompetensi konselor dalam melakukan intervensi psikologis untuk mengembangkan life satisfaction korban KDRT dalam layanan BK.

Cases of domestic violence increase every year where the dominant victim is a wife. Many factors cause victims to receive violence, one of which is caused by psychological conditions. This study aims to develop and validate the inventory of Psychological Conditions of Afdal Pane for Domestic Violence (PAPC-DVI). This inventory will measure assertive behavior and resilience of victims of domestic violence as psychological conditions that cause victims to accept violence. Assertive behavior will measure positive assertiveness, self-affirmation, and negative assertiveness. resilience will measure equaminity, perseverance, self-reliance, meaningfulness, and existential aloneness. This research was conducted on 90 wives who experienced violence in the city of Padang using purposive sampling techniques. Furthermore, validity was analyzed using Cronbach's alpha item analysis which showed a coefficient α> .3, and the data showed that 36 PAPC-DVI items were valid. In addition, the alpha cronbach reliability value was also used to analyze the data and the results showed that the PAPC-DVI reliability coefficient for victims of domestic violence was 0.932. The results showed that PAPC-DVI in victims of domestic violence is valid in measuring psychological conditions that cause victims to receive violence so that this inventory can help in understanding psychological conditions that cause victims to receive violence and are ready to be used by subsequent researchers.

The study was conducted by analyzing the aggressive behavior of domestic violence perpetrators which can be seen through how much the contribution of aggressive behavior between sub-variables. This research method uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods. The subjects in this study were perpetrators who lived in the city of Padang and were taken using purposive sampling techniques, amounting to 82 people. Data is collected through the Aggressive Behavior Inventory Instrument for Domestic Violence developed from Buss theory about aspects of aggressive behavior that contains 4 sub, including physical aggression (4 items), verbal aggression (7 items), anger (3 items) and hostility (2 items). The instrument uses a Likert scale model that has five alternative answers with interval data and analyzed with descriptive statistical techniques and simple linear regression analysis. The research findings show that on average the figure of aggressive domestic violence perpetrators is in the moderate category by 71% and aggressive behavior in terms of verbal aggression contributes to physical aggression of 10.3% while aggressive behavior itself contributes to verbal aggression by 65.8%. With the results of this study become input for therapists/counselors sone of them is through family counseling with an experimental approach that prioritizes now and here experience.

This research aims to describe marital satisfaction of long distance marriage and and the difference marital satisfaction between husband and wife undergoing long-distance marriages(LDM). . This research was a comparative research with a sample number of 45 couples who have LDM. Sample collection withdrawal technique using a purposive sampling technique. This research was measured using a Marital Satisfaction Inventory developed from ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale with a few adjustments. The research findings reveal that: (1) marital satisfaction of husband undergoing long-distance marriages is generally in medium category with a percentage of 70.25%, (2) marital satisfaction of wives undergoing LDM is generally in the high category with a percentage of 74.65%, and (3) there is no difference in marital satisfaction between husband and wife undergoing LDM with the value F of 4,940 with probability 0.029 smaller than 0.05.

Forgiveness in this study is an apology from victims of domestic violence to perpetrators of domestic violence. The number of cases of domestic violence that occur is increasing from year to year, as victims of domestic violence choose to maintain their household, even though the victim is undergoing a household that experiences violence. Many ways are used by victims in maintaining their household, one of them is by giving forgiveness to perpetrators of domestic violence. This study aims to analyze how forgiveness of victims of domestic violence in Aceh province. The method used is the quantitative approach and the type of comparative descriptive research. The population in this study was the wife who was a victim of domestic violence in the city of Banda Aceh by taking a sample using a purposive sampling technique, the sample in this study was 31 victims of domestic violence. This study uses a self-composed instrument namely Forgiveness Scale for Domestic Violence (FosDiV) developed from the TRIM-18 questionnaire using a Likert scale model. Data analysis techniques in this study used quantitative descriptive. The results of this study indicate that overall forgiveness of victims of domestic violence in Aceh is in the medium category, which means they assume that giving forgivenees to perpetrators of domestic violence is a natural thing to do as a wife. In Aceh culture, a wife who is obedient and obedient to her husband is very important, wives feel happy when they are called by the term "meutuah" wife. The word "meutuah" is well-liked by wives in Aceh. Besides that, it can be seen that victims who do not work more to close their cases for fear of not being supported by the perpetrators and feel that victims must depend on the perpetrators so that victims decide to maintain their domestic relations by apologizing to the perpetrators. Whereas victims who have their jobs are braver to report their cases and even choose to divorce and criminalize the perpetrators. It is hoped that the results of this research can help community institutions and other communities to jointly pay attention to the situation of victims of domestic violence and immediately report the case to the authorities, and can help victims of domestic violence to be able to lead a better life.

This research is driven by the phenomenon of the poor quality of learning activities of new students in universities. This study tries to investigate the strength through the work of Model-Based Group Approach to enhance the quality of student learning activities. This research is a quasi-experimental research involved 206 students of Universitas Negeri Padang. The instrument used is IAKB (Activation Instrument Learning Activity) and analysis of research data using T-Test. The result from this research shows that there is an improvement of learning activity quality before and after application of the model that is 13.68 to 57.10. This shows a gain of 43.42%. Based on the results of research that has been done can be concluded that the development of this model is useful to improve the quality of student learning activities.

Sexual harassment is an issue that has attracted much attention in both children and adults. However, the victims often prefer to be silent on the matter for several reasons, even though it may have long term effects on them. Thevictims of sexual harassment need to be educated to increase awareness of the associated risks. To realize this goal, the perpetrators of this vile needs to be identified first, though this requires valid and reliable instruments. Thereis a sexual harassment instrument that facilitates the identification of the perpetrators. This instrument includes eight indicators with 32 items. Thehe results of testing the validity and reliability of the instrument with RASCH modeling shows that it meets the requirements and therefore it can be used to identify perpetrators of sexual harassment in Vocational High school.

The psychological impact of violence in the household is more severe than the physical impact, including fear, anxiety, fatigue, post traumatic stress disorder, eating and sleeping disorders, and children with severe mental problems can think of suicide. This article aims to present an analysis of the psychological impact on child victims of domestic violence using the literature method and cognitive behavioral therapy approaches that can be carried out by counselors.

One of the problems faced by juvenile inmates is excessive fear experienced when interacting with new people when they are free to undergo a sentence or also called social anxiety, which requires guidance and counseling services. Guidance and counseling services are one strategy that can be used in alleviating social anxiety faced by prisoners. This article discusses counseling and guidance services that can be done to help alleviate social anxiety of juvenile inmates, which includes Social Anxiety for adolescent inmates and counseling and guidance services, including individual counseling services, group counseling, group counseling. With this service can be given optimal service to adolescent inmates in alleviating the problems faced.

The attitude of students who cannot convey what they feel without hurting the feelings of others is because the student cannot behave assertively. Assertive behavior is expressing what is felt or thought without hurting the feelings of others. This study aims to see differences in assertive behavior of students based on cultural backgrounds (Minang, Malay, Batak, Kerinci). This study uses a comparative descriptive approach carried out on BK FIP UNP students with a total sample of 248 people, using a proportional random sampling technique. The instrument of this research is a questionnaire about assertive behavior with a Likert scale model. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and data processing using SPSS version 20.00. The findings of this study indicate that there is no significant difference in assertive behavior of BK FIP UNP students when viewed from a cultural background. This means that differences in cultural background do not determine student assertive behavior. This is indicated by the calculated F value, which is equal to 0.779 while Sig. on the degree of freedom (db) 1 and aplha (α) 0.05 is 0.506, then according to hypothesis testing criteria through analysis of variance (ANOVA), if F count is greater than F table there is no significant difference.

The scientific interest in homosexual measurement has grown over the past 30 years, marked by new instruments and terms that have emerged. This condition is triggered by LGBT people who get justice, especially in westerly countries, so the instruments that emerge in westerly countries are more directed towards justice and development for LBGT people. For this reason, the existent instruments are not in accordance with the Indonesian State, because existent instruments have not been adjusted to godly and cultural values. The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable Inventory of Homosexuality and Transgender Exposure (IHTE) in accordance with religious and cultural values in Indonesia. Research samples 304 people spread in 14 provinces in Indonesia. The sampling technique is done by purposive random sampling; the analysis technique used is Rasch model. The findings show that the IHTE instrument is valid and reliable, inventory development is discussed further.

The purpose of this study was to find out how the dynamics of forgiveness of domestic violence victims. Anything that is the reason for the victim chooses to provide forgiveness and maintain the relationship of his household. The method used in this article is the library research method. The results of this study indicate that victims of domestic violence choose to provide forgiveness because it is influenced by certain factors. This factor becomes a force of the victim to maintain his household relationship. As for some of these factors, such as the presence of children, feeling ashamed to report the treatment of their husbands, not having a job so that they depend on living fully with their husbands and considering the length of marriage that has been fostered together.