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There is growing concern about the influence of nomophobia among the majority of young people, attributed to excessive mobile phone use. This study aims to investigate the nomophobia levels of Azerbaijani and Kyrgyz university students. The Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) was employed as the data collection tool. Data were collected from participants during the spring term of the 2021-2022 academic year. A total of 478 students participated: 238 from Azerbaijan and 240 from Kyrgyzstan. Results indicated that Azerbaijani and Kyrgyz students exhibit different nomophobia behaviors. While 36.1% of Azeri students experience a severe level of nomophobia, 23.3% of Kyrgyz students do. Female students in both countries are more affected than their male counterparts. Younger students are also more susceptible to nomophobia. Moreover, smartphone ownership significantly influences students' nomophobia behavior in both Azerbaijan and Kyrgyzstan.

Background: Our study aimed to investigate the factors associated with mothers’ shaking behavior of their babies. Methods: Sixty-three mothers who stated that they shook their babies (Group B) and 91 mothers who stated that they did not (Group A) among those who applied to or were followed up from the Pediatric Outpatient Clinics of our University Hospital were included. The mothers (with a baby aged 0-30 months) completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and psychiatric rating scales measuring attachment styles, empathic tendency, perceived social support, and self-esteem. The severity of the simulated shaking of the mothers was measured by an accelerometer placed on an infant manikin and separately scored on a Numerical Rating Scale by the researchers and an Illustrated Numeric Rating Scale by the mothers. Results: In group B, babies’ crying frequency was higher (P=.008); soothing the babies when they cried was more difficult (P=.019), mothers reported that they were exposed to physical violence more in their childhood (P=.003), BSI hostility scores (P=.004) and BSI-anxiety scores (P=.034) of the mothers were higher when compared with the group A. The age of the babies (P=.002, OR=1.096), moderate crying frequency (P=.035, OR=2.900), the mothers’ difficulty in soothing their babies (sometimes P=.018, OR=3.705, often/always P=.014, OR=7.777), and the mothers’ experience of physical violence in childhood (P=.002, OR=5.674) were found to be factors affecting the shaking behavior. Conclusion: Clarifying the factors associated with the mothers’ shaking behavior of their babies would be helpful in terms of protecting future generations.

Computational thinking is a relatively new field for teachers and educational researchers, where new pedagogical approaches emerge to teach various aspects of computational thinking that covers various thinking abilities and techniques for solving problems. Computational thinking concept received great attention from researchers and instructors with an increasing interest related to teaching of computational thinking in K-5 education, as well as the role of computational thinking in kids' gaining of thinking skills and digital competences. Various studies have been conducted related to the implementation of computational thinking activities in schools. However, there is a lack of study that analyzes the trends of these studies. In this respect, this study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis and content analysis to investigate the computational thinking studies in K-5 level to explore the current research trends in the field. The analysis covers a total of 156 studies conducted between years 2009 and 2021. The analysis separately provides results for early childhood and elementary levels. The analysis mainly revealed that mostly used pedagogical approaches are robotics, block-based programming, stem, unplugged and gaming activities. In addition, the analysis explored the findings based on four aspects of computational thinking; decomposition, abstraction, pattern recognition and algorithm design.

Duygular, soyut ve kişisel olmakla birlikte kültürel kaynaklı olması ve davranışlara yansımasından dolayı sosyolojinin ilgi alanı içerisinde yer almaktadır. Duygular psikolojik manada genetikle ilişkilendirilirken sosyolojik açıdan kişiler arası ilişkiler, iletişim, sosyal etki ve sosyal yapı içerisinde değerlendirilir. Sportif etkinlikler ise insanların bir araya gelerek, performans sergiledikleri ve duygularını birbirlerine aktararak sosyalleşmeyi destekleyen faaliyetlerdir. Beraberinde antrenman ve maçlarda yaşanılan endişe, kaygı ve öfke gibi olumsuz duygular ile mutluluk, sevinç ve istek gibi olumlu duygular spor insanlarının ve taraftarların davranışlarına yön verebilir nitelikteki görünümlerdir. Bu makale duygular sosyolojisi bağlamında Türkiye’deki sportif aktivitelerin duygu oluşturan yapısını ve spor insanları ve kamuoyu üzerindeki etkilerini ve rolünü tartışmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla ilgili literatür ve gözlemler çerçevesinde duygular ve spor ilişkisi irdelenmekte ve spor kültürünün oluşumuna ilişkin çıkarımlarda bulunulmaktadır. Nihayetinde sportif etkinliklerde ortaya çıkan olumlu ve olumsuz duygusal tepkilerin sosyal bağlamları içerisinde değerlendirilmesi gerektiği ve sosyo-kültürel özellikleri yansıttığı vurgulanmaktadır.

What is life? Life is the process between birth and death. This process, which is also accepted as the state of being alive, contains many parts. These parts are called life. Life encompasses one's experiences of the conditions that one encounters. These lives are interrelated. The longer and more harmonious these relationships are, the higher and more balanced the person's quality of life will be. For this, education and learning methods with scientific and philosophical foundations should be used. One of the parts of life in life is sports. Therefore, in this study, the subjects of morality, right, mistake, education, professionalism, health, mentality and economy in life will be associated with sports. Because sports is a human right that emerged from basic needs, it is associated with many areas of life. For this reason, some concepts that express our lives and the conditions we live in will be tried to be associated with sports. In this descriptive study, document analysis was carried out. The collected data were blended from sources in different fields such as education, sociology, psychology, education and philosophy. It is thought that this study, which is one of the rare studies on the subject, will be an example for similar studies to be done in the future.

This paper proposes a design for a Dolph-Tschebyscheff-weighted microstrip antenna array using a deep learning application. For this purpose, a multilayer perceptron and a deep learning model, both created using the same data set generated by a genetic algorithm, were compared. The antenna array population is initially generated randomly and then optimised with a genetic algorithm. The data produced by this model becomes a data set used for training in the deep learning application. The dimensions and specifications of the antenna array are obtained from this application, ensuring precision and optimisation in the design process. A new microstrip antenna array structure is employed for the proposed method, taking advantage of this design technique. The Dolph-Tschebyscheff weights are applied to achieve better characteristics for the microstrip antenna array, thus obtaining low side lobe levels, which are crucial for enhancing signal clarity and reducing interference. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the specifications of the structure. This improvement highlights the potential for integrating deep learning with traditional optimisation algorithms for advanced antenna design.

The effectiveness of course videos needs to be analysed, and in doing so, it is important to consider the utilisation behaviours and opinions of learners. In this regard, this study was primarily conducted to analyse Kyrgyz learners' utilisation of videos in a general chemistry course provided at the university level. This study was conducted during the 2019-2020 spring term at a state university in the Kyrgyz Republic and was structured using a mixed-method approach. The total number of participants was 105 Kyrgyz learners studying at the undergraduate level. Quantitative data were collected through an online survey, which consisted of demographic questions and items related to the utilisation of chemistry videos. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 13 learners. It was demonstrated through the data that learners used chemistry videos for 1-2 h per week. Also, the learners' utilisation did not change with regard to their success from watching the videos. Learners' utilisation of the chemistry videos was based on five factors: intrinsic motivation, self-concept of ability, self-perception of conscientiousness, video use and expectations of an online video library. This study also provided results regarding Kyrgyz learners' problems and suggestions related to their utilisation of the videos.

Thanks to the rapid change and development of technological opportunities in sports, training can be carried out in an electronic environment and with electronic tools. Among these tools, we can mention a desktop computer, a printer, a scanner, a projection device, a smart phone, a portable computer also called as laptop, glasses for simulation, and a wearable measuring device such as a polar clock. Through these tools, it is also easier to evaluate the educational activity performed. Digital sports can be defined as sports that are produced, performed and evaluated in an electronic environment. In this context, digital sports means changing and transforming all kinds of modern information about sports, scientific and philosophical views, theories and concepts related to technology. Digital sports, which contains more than one understanding of sports and technical narration about sports, questions the interaction of the sportsperson with his environment and technology, especially with himself. Therefore, a digital sport, as in every newly developing perspective on sports, is supported in a broad context by long-term studies that select multiple perspectives. One of these studies is mental training study in which the basic principles of cinema therapy are applied. Mental training is one of the trainings made using technological opportunities in sports. This training is carried out by making sports people, especially athletes, watch movies or scenes from movies, in line with the principles of cinema therapy, with the help of a computer and a projection device. The main purpose of this study is to consider cinema therapy in mental (psychosocial) training education as an example of digitalization in sports. As a data collection method, the data compiled were blended from sources in different fields such as digital technology, sociology, psychology, sports sociology, sports psychology and psychiatry. It is thought that this study, which is one of the rare studies on the subject, will be an example for similar studies in the future.

The purpose of this study is to determine the self-efficacy perceptions of undergraduate students studying at the Music Department on individual instruments, and to examine whether students' self-efficacy perception on instrument performance differed significantly according to various variables such as year, gender, the type of high school graduated from, the main instrument being studied, how much they practiced on their instrument, the individual instrument practice time, the instrument course grade, and the university being attended. The survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the research. The study group consisted of 102 students studying at the Music Department of Kirsehir Ahi Evran University's Neset Ertas Faculty of Fine Arts (n=45) and the Music and Performing Arts Department of Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University's Faculty of Fine Arts (n=57). For data collection, the Personal Information Form and the Instrument Performance Self-Efficacy Belief Scale developed by Girgin (2015) were used in the study. The twenty-item five-point Likert type scale has three sub-dimensions, namely self-efficacy, self-inefficacy, and psychological indicators. While analyzing the data, descriptive statistics and parametric tests, t-test and One Way Anova Test were used. The study results revealed that students' self-efficacy perceptions on instrument performance were "undecided" in the total scale, and "disagree" in the self-inefficacy subdimension. Students' self-efficacy perceptions differed significantly according to the variables of individual instrument practice time and the instrument course grade, and there was a significant difference in the psychological indicators subdimension according to the gender variable in favor of the males. Furthermore, there was no significant difference according to the variables of year, the type of high school graduated from, the main instrument being studied, and the university being attended. Recommendations were given based on the study results.

It is becoming necessary to examine learners' use of and experiences with virtual laboratories. Learners' interest and motivation to use virtual laboratories are important factors for the success of these platforms. This study was conducted to analyze Kyrgyz learners' use of virtual laboratories in a physics course at the university level. The study was performed in the 2019-2020 spring term at a state university in Kyrgyzstan. The study took a quantitative approach, with 376 Kyrgyz learner participants studying at the undergraduate level. The participants were divided into three groups: the first and second used different virtual laboratory platforms, while the third was involved in face-to-face labs. Quantitative data were collected using an online questionnaire which consisted of items related to demographic characteristics, motivation and experience, and physics laboratory attitudes. The results demonstrated differences among the groups regarding factors of motivation and experience. In addition, learners' physics laboratory attitudes differed with respect to gender and grade point average (GPA) factors.

Teacher residency programs have emerged as an alternative teacher preparation program that prepares teacher candidates; also known as residents, for high-need areas such as special education in the United States of America. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on teacher residency programs in the United States of America. Electronic databases were searched for articles examining teacher residency programs. Forty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. Results from the analysis of the articles and some selected teacher residency programs showed that the most common characteristic of teacher residency programs was a yearlong clinical residency experience. Residents also committed to teaching in a high-need school district upon completion of their programs. The most common goal was to increase teacher retention in high-need schools. Moreover, the programs offered induction support for residents upon completion of their programs. Limitations of teacher residency programs and directions for future research were provided.

As the alternative and support to traditional face-to-face education, which requires being in the same place at the same time, distance (online) education practices, which enable to be at the same time but in different places, have become widespread. This research aimed to determine the views of the football trainers regarding distance mental training, the problems they experienced and their suggestions. The research was designed within the framework of qualitative research approach and was conducted using case study pattern. The study group of the research was composed of eight football trainers who were selected using convenience sampling method and volunteered to participated in the study. The trainers were made to participate in distance mental training for eight weeks, and then a semi-structured interview form with three open-ended questions was used as the data collection tool. The data collected at the end of the interviews were analyzed using the content analysis technique and presented with direct quotations. According to the views of the football trainers, the most positive aspects of distance mental training were; quality education, establishing effective communication, and seeing it as a different experience. The most fundamental problems of distance mental training were presented as; time and communication problems. The suggestions of the trainers regarding distance mental training were classified as; better planning, higher quality communication, and having an improved student understanding. It is thought that this study will be preliminary for further studies and will be an inspiration for the trainers who want to receive distance mental support.

This research was carried out in order to reveal the perspectives of the trainers with Pro License in terms of being an ethical model and qualitative research techniques were utilized and phenomenological design was used. The study group of the research was determined by using purposeful sampling method. The study group was composed of 18 Turkish male football trainers aged between 48 and 67, who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study and had a Pro License with at least 14 years of training experience. In the research, the data was obtained by using the semi-structured interview method and analyzed by using the descriptive analysis method. As a result of the data analysis, the positive aspects of being an ethical model and the negative aspects of not being an ethical model were revealed. It was determined that the trainers emphasized such attitudes as communication skills, empathy and being respectful in terms of being an ethical model. Such negative attitudes as inconsistency, distorted personality traits and being prone to violence were also expressed by the trainers as the attitudes that prevented being an ethical model. In addition to the statements revealing that the trainers who behaved unethically were perceived negatively in the football environment, it was also argued that there was not a standard evaluation on this issue in Turkey. This research made will help to improve the ethical awareness regarding the training profession and furthermore, it is estimated will contribute to further studies on the ethics of being a trainer.

The study aimed to examine the effect of service trainings performed with eyes closed on the target service success percentage in volleyball players. The study was carried out with 22 volunteer male volleyball players. The volleyball half court was divided into six zones, each zone with a distance of 3 meters. In the trainings, the athletes were asked to serve 10 to each predetermined target zone with their eyes tied with a black eye patch. In the pre-test and post-test application, following the appropriate warm-up process, the athletes were asked to serve 20 to each zone with their eyes open. For the statistical analysis of the data obtained, SPSS 21.0 package program was used. In the evaluation of the data; descriptive statistics, non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman test were used. P<0.05 was accepted for statistical significance. As a result of the applications performed, it was found that the difference between the pre-test and post-test service success percentages in the zones 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 was significant. In the post-test values, the percentages of the total serve into the zones were higher than the pre-test serve percentages. In the applications, the percentage distribution of the serve with eyes closed was found to be higher according to the days. The service percentage values in the first and last training sessions increased significantly. As a result, it was determined that the service trainings performed with eyes closed affected the success percentage in the service.

This study aimed to investigate Kyrgyz learners' engagement in online courses. In this respect, the Student Engagement Scale and appropriate open-ended questions were employed in order to obtain data from learners. The sample covers 400 undergraduate learners studying at Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University. The study has a mixed research design, hence both quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed. The results of the study revealed that behavioral engagement has a significant effect on learner achievement. The study also demonstrated that the engagement of Kyrgyz learners in online courses differs in terms of their gender and their prior online course experience. The majority of Kyrgyz learners had limited access to the Internet and computers; therefore, they experienced problems in online courses. The other problems facing Kyrgyz learners are due to insufficient house conditions, frequent power failures, health problems, and a lack of interactivity in online courses.

The present study aims to investigate the problem-solving skills of the students getting professional music training. For this study, the problem-solving inventory was administered to participants from two different universities in Turkey. Participants' problem-solving skills were assessed in relation to the overall inventory and subscales, and the differences based on grade level, gender, and universities were examined using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results revealed that participants occasionally used their problem-solving skills, rarely felt confident in their problem-solving skills, and occasionally performed the behaviors in the subscales of approach-avoidance and personal control. The grade level differentiated music students' problem-solving skills in the overall scale and approach-avoidance subscale. It is also found that there are no significant differences in students' problem-solving skills based on gender. However, the participants' universities led to significant differences in the approach-avoidance subscale. The results were discussed considering the literature, and the recommendations were suggested due to the results.

Body sociology is a branch of sociology that studies the human body's relationship with the factors that make up society. It also investigates the position of disabled individuals in society. Because according to the sociology of the body, the body is a phenomenon that has a meaning in society. Therefore, the dynamics, norms and values of the society directly affect people's body perception. This study aims to explain the importance of physical education and sports for disabled people according to the basic principles and theories of physical education sociology. For this study, data compiled from different sources in sports and sociology related to the subject of physical education and disabilities were collated. Therefore, the study's limitation conducted using the analytical method is that it is a compilation study conducted in a theoretical framework.

The body is one of the ways people express themselves. This is true not only for people without disabilities, but also for people with disabilities. Physical education and sports are one of the methods of disabled people to express themselves physically in society. The aim of this study is to contribute to increasing the visibility of disability in sports in terms of the social model. The sample of the study consists of 11 physically disabled national shooting athletes who have the right to participate in the 2021 Paralympic Games. In the study, a semi-structured interview technique was used in which theoretically, according to De Pauw, his/her thoughts on the visibility of disability in sports were used. In this study, in which qualitative research methods are used, descriptive analysis of the data is performed using both content analysis and in-depth interview. In the study, the demographic characteristics of the participants were determined. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 people (4 women and 7 men) who voluntarily participated in the study. Findings obtained from the data after the interviews; The sub-theme of the "obstacles to participation in sports" theme is lack of materials and facilities, the sub-theme of the "attractiveness of the Paralympic Games" is the inadequate promotion of the Paralympic Games, the sub-themes of the "reaction of the social environment" are being congratulated as a positive reaction, and the shooting sport is not known as a negative reaction determined.

Introduction. Patients with leukaemia are exposed to infections as long as they are neutropenic. During this period, anorectal pathologies are among the common foci of infection with high mortality. We aimed in this study to investigate the factors that may have a predictive effect for early diagnosis and rapid intervention in perianal complications occurring in neutropenic patients diagnosed with leukaemia. Materials and Methods. A total of 90 patients with acute leukaemia, including 45 patients with anorectal pathology and 45 patients without anorectal pathology, were analysed. Demographics, blood group, BMI, haemogram and biochemical parameters at the time of diagnosis, types of perianal pathology were recorded. Results. In the group of patients with anorectal pathology, WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, LDH were significantly (p

Science disciplines require a deeper study of theoretical material by performing laboratory work, which includes performing experiments. In this regard, it will be useful to actively introduce new technologies into the educational process. In this study, QR codes were integrated into the Organic Chemistry Course textbook to direct university and high school students to the appropriate videos about the experiments. In this respect, this study aimed to analyze university and high school students` acceptance of the QR code technology used in the "Organic Chemistry" course. This research model is based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology2 (UTAUT2). Hence, the study included perceived playfulness, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, behavioral intention, and attitude as the major antecedents of students’ acceptance of QR codes. In total, 204 Kyrgyz students in university and high school level participated in this study. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was applied to analyze the effects of factors on students’ acceptance of QR codes. The study revealed that facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, social influence, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness are the significant factors towards students` acceptance of QR code use in Organic Chemistry course.

As online learning is becoming very popular in formal educational settings and in individual development, online exams are starting to be recognized as one of the more efficient assessment methods. Online exams are effective in either blended or traditional forms of learning, and, when appropriately used, bring benefits to both learners and the learning process. However, learners' perceptions of online exams in developing countries have not been widely studied despite the potential of such research for contributing to more effective use of online exams in these countries. Thus, this study served two purposes. First, it aimed to investigate students' perceptions of online exams at a state university in Turkey, and at a state university in Kyrgyzstan. Second, the study compared the results. Structured as a mixed study, the research was conducted during the 2018-2019 fall term. The participants were 370 undergraduate students taking first-year courses online. Quantitative data considered learners' perception scores gathered via a survey, whereas qualitative data considered learners' opinions in response to an open-ended question. According to the quantitative analysis, learners' perceptions differed according to gender, major, and prior online course experience variables. In addition, Turkish and Kyrgyz learners differed in that Turkish learners found online exams less stressful and more reliable and fairer than traditional paper-based exams when compared with their Kyrgyz counterparts. The qualitative analysis provided important results for future planning in both institutions.

Since e-learning has become popular in recent years, research studies have been conducted about which instructional methods are the most effective in online learning environments. The purpose of this study is to investigate one promising method by applying the flipped classroom model to a Medical Terminology Course. This course was provided fully online as part of a Medical Documentation and Secretarial associate degree program in a vocational college. We analyze learners' experiences associated with this application. Based on this flipped classroom method, learners were required to study interactive multimedia content and applications asynchronously. For synchronous activities, mainly learner-centered approaches--collaborative learning, problem solving, and discussion--were used. In the context of this study, learners' usage of the system, submissions to the study process questionnaire, and academic achievement were collected as quantitative data. Learners' opinions towards the flipped classroom model were obtained as qualitative data. We found that learners' academic achievement was significantly related to their perceptions of deep learning and their time spent on learning activities. Problematic aspects to the flipped classroom were time expectancies, insufficiency of instructional materials, and lack of advice received from the instructor.