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The objective of this work was to obtain mathematical equations and indicate the most appropriate estimation of the leaf area of Dalbergia frutescens, by a non-destructive method through the linear dimensions of the leaves. A total of 370 leaves of D. frutescens were collected, 270 of which were used to adjust the equations and 100 for validation. The length (L) along the main vein, the maximum width (W), the product of multiplying the length and width (LW), and the observed leaf area (OLA) was measured for all leaves. First degree, quadratic, and power linear equation models were fitted, where OLA was the dependent variable as a function of L, W and LW. From the 100 leaves destined for validation, and using the adjusted equations for each mathematical model, the estimated leaf area (ELA) was obtained. The means obtained from ELA and OLA were compared using Student's t test at 5% probability. The mean absolute error, the root mean square error, and the d Willmott index were also determined. The first-degree linear model represented based on the product of multiplying the length by the width is the most suitable to determine the leaf area of D. frutescens with high precision.

The objective of this study was to adjust a mathematical equation to estimate the leaf area of Psidium cattleyanum from the linear dimensions of the leaves. For that, 260 leaves were digitized and the length (L), width (W), product of the multiplication of length and width (LW) and observed leaf area (OLA) were obtained. First degree linear, quadratic and power model equations were fitted, where the OLA was used with the response variable as a function of L, W or LW as an explanatory variable. All models were validated with a sample of 50 separate leaves for this purpose. Thus, the first-degree linear model equation obtained from the product of multiplying the leaf length and width can be used accurately and without the need to destroy the leaves to estimate the leaf area of Psidium cattleyanum.

Fusariosis is a disease that causes economic damage to black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) producers. Despite being a major disease, there is no record of efficient chemical control. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the antifungal activity of copper, zinc and potassium compounds in mycelial growth and conidial germination of Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis in vitro. For inoculation in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) medium, 7 mm discs from the pure culture were transferred to Petri dishes. The plates were incubated at 25ºC in a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) chamber, with photoperiod of 12 h, for 15 days. Micronutrients were supplied as sulfates, CuSO4 (copper sulfate) and ZnSO4 (zinc sulfate), at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mmol/L. Potassium macronutrient (K) was supplied as KCl (potassium chloride) at concentrations of 30, 60, 90,120 and 150 mmol/L. The experiment was performed using a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and ten replications. CuSO4 showed fungicidal effect at concentrations of 10, 15 and 20 mmol/L. For ZnSO4 mycelial growth was completely inhibited at concentrations of 15 and 20 mmol/L. There was no inhibition or reduction of fungal growth in the presence of K. Copper and zinc at minimal concentrations were efficient in controlling mycelial growth and inhibition of spore germination of F. solani f. sp. piperis. In contrast, potassium did not exert fungicidal or fungistatic effect on the fungus.

The leaf has a vital role in the functions of the plant, being responsible for photosynthesis and gas exchange. Thus, the objective of this study was to fit a mathematical equation model to estimate the leaf area of Maytenus obtusifolia Mart. through the linear dimensions of the leaves. For that, six hundred and fifteen healthy leaves were collected from plants belonging to the Federal University of Espirito Santo, Sao Mateus Campus, in the municipality of Sao Mateus, located in the north of the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil. All leaves were digitized and the images processed using the ImageJ® software, obtaining the measurements of the maximum length of the main midrib (L), the maximum width of the leaf blade (W) and the real leaf area (RLA) of each sheet. Subsequently, the product of length and width multiplication (LW) was also obtained. 500 sheets were randomly separated for the generation of models of mathematical equations and their respective coefficient of determination (R2), where RLA was used as dependent variable as function of L, W or LW as independent variable. Based on the models generated, a 115 leaf sample was used for validation, where the L, W and LW values of this sample were replaced in the adjusted equations, thus obtaining the estimated leaf area (ELA). A comparison of the means of RLA and ELA was performed by Student’s t test at 5% probability. We also calculated the mean absolute error (MAE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the Willmott index (d). The best equation was defined by the following criteria: non-significant values of RLA and ELA averages, R2 and index d closest to unit, and MAE and RMSE values with greater proximity to zero. The quadratic model equation represented by ELA=0.18122798+0.72847767(LW)+0.00002789(LW)2 generated by multiplying the length with the width (LW) is the most suitable for the estimation of the leaf area of Maytenus obtusifolia Mart., in a fast, safe and non-destructive way.

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of soil preparation and mineral fertilization on according to the morphological growth and leaf morphofunctional attributes of native species used in the revegetation of the well base area of oil extraction. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a split-plot scheme with 4 replications. The plots were the two soil types, and the subplots were the 5 planting fertilization treatments with NPK 04-14-08 with 0, 40, 80, 160 and 320 g pit-1. Four native species were planted and individually evaluated. The species responded in a variable way depending on the applied fertilization. The type of soil statistically influenced the number of leaves of Inga laurina, showing a greater number when cultivated in clayey soil. The other species did not differ in terms of soil type. For planting fertilization, it is recommended to apply 219.27 to 227.25 g pit-1 for Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi and 189.83 g pit-1 for Mouriri guianensis. The application of planting fertilizer for S. terebinthifolius Raddi and M. guianensis is recommended. The species Inga laurina, Garcinia brasiliensis and Chrysobalanus icaco developed better without planting fertilization. Leaf attributes demonstrated an adaptive response of plants regarding to environmental stress conditions to which they were submitted.

The quality and quantity production of watermelon requires the effective control of pests, diseases, and weeds, which is directly related to spraying techniques. The method of application of phytosanitary products is essential, but, most of the time, emphasis is given mainly to the applied product and little attention to the application technique. The objective of the present study was to characterize the ejected spray in the aerial and terrestrial spraying of watermelon crops, with the use of adjuvants in a liquid solution. The experiment was carried out in two commercial plantations, in an entirely randomized design, employing a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with six forms of application and two liquid compositions. The droplet spectrum was assessed employing water-sensitive card imaging. Smaller drop sizes and relative amplitudes were produced by aerial applications. In turn, the largest droplet diameters and the lowest percentage of drops smaller than 100 μm were obtained when using air induction flat double-jet nozzles. The adjuvant did not interfere in the numerical and volumetric median diameters, the relative amplitude, or the volume rate of droplets smaller than 100 μm.

The processes of using the environment and natural resources are increasingly necessary and present in human society. These processes can result in environmental degradation. A recovery strategy for an area that has undergone environmental degradation is revegetation. For the successful establishment of a plant species, the environment must have adequate water and nutritional conditions. The objective of this work was to study the effect of water and nutritional management on the survival, growth, and morphophysiological conditions of plants used in the revegetation of remaining sand and clay extraction areas. The experiment was carried out in a sand loan extraction loan area and a clay loan extraction loan area, both in the coastal region of the municipality of São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with three replications in a split-plot scheme, using methods of water management in the plots and doses of fertilization (0.000 kg, 0.072 kg, 0.144 kg, 0.288 kg and 0.576 kg) in the pits in the subplots. In both areas, five different species of native plants were used: Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi), Cajá Mirim (Spondias mombin L.), Goiaba do Ipiranga (Psidium cattleianum Sabine), Ingá Mirim (Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd.) and Murta de Restinga (Mouriri guianensis Aubl.). The plants used in the experiment were evaluated for growth, survival, leaf attributes, and chlorophyll a fluorescence. The water management method and the fertilization of the pit had a significant effect on the development of the species evaluated in both areas, acting on the survival rate, growth, morphology and physiology of the plants.

This essay is a conceptual framework for testing the causal mechanisms of system degradation by metals in the mangrove ecosystem. The Fundao Dam collapse caused massive damage to the marine environment on the Southern Atlantic and Brazilian coast, reaching various kilometers from its origin, becoming a source of contamination. Along this Brazilian coast are vast mangrove areas with high biodiversity, different geomorphology, and distinct ecological functioning. These mangroves support fisheries' productivity in the Tropical South Atlantic, in connection with Abrolhos Reef. Brazil does not have a protocol to monitor environmental damage in this ecosystem, and we proposed to develop a way to identify the impact and quantify it. Along the estuaries, to assess the damage, the plots were demarked in three regions: the upper, middle, and lower estuary, and in both types of forest: fridge and basin. Samples of sediment and leaves were collected bi-monthly to evaluate metal concentrations, especially iron and manganese, the most abundant metals in Fundao Dam. The monitoring also evaluated the forest structure, dynamics of the crabs' population, and flora productivity. First-year monitoring identifies a high concentration of iron or manganese in the sediment above the NOAAs' recommendation in all the estuaries. The concentration of Fe and Mn in sediment varies seasonally in magnitude, concentration, and types of metals between estuaries, sectors, and forests. The behavior of biological indicators in the presence of metals (type and concentration) differed between fauna and flora species. The monitoring recognized that the tailings mining from Fundao Dam impacted all estuaries by different magnitudes and persistence. These differences are due to geomorphology diversity, climate, and oceanographic influences.

In horticultural nurseries, it is important to determine the number of plants to be evaluated to obtain reliable inferences about seedling growth. The objective of this study was to determine the sample size required to estimate the mean of quality traits of eggplant and gilo seedlings. The seedlings of both vegetables were produced in expanded polystyrene trays using (8×16) 128 cells each and 40 cm3 high. At 45 days after sowing, the following traits were evaluated in each seedling of the two crops: leaf number; total leaf area; fresh matter mass of shoot, roots and the total of fresh matter mass of shoot and roots, and Dickson quality index. Measures of central tendency and variability were calculated; the normality of the sample data was tested, and the sample size was calculated. The sample size required is different among the different traits of eggplant and gilo seedlings, and the same trait is different between the two crops. The sample size to evaluate seedlings for an estimation error of 10% of the estimated mean and at a confidence level of 95% is 32 and 26 for eggplant and gilo, respectively. Key words: Solanum melongena, Solanum gilo, sampling, experimental precision.

The objective of the work was to evaluate the production of sour passion fruit seedlings propagated by seeds in hydroponic cultivation and associateds with phosphorus use efficiency. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the experimental farm of the Centro Universitario Norte do Espirito Santo. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks with five replications. The treatments consisted of phosphorus concentrations of 0.032; 0.125; 0.500 and 1,000 mmol.L-1. Each plot was composed of 5 plants arranged in the cultivation pipes. The characteristics analyzed were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, dry shoot weight, dry root weight, root volume, leaf area, quality index of Dickson (IQD) and chemical analysis of the aerial part and roots to calculate the absorption, translocation and use of phosphorus efficiency. The data were subjected to analysis of variance by the F test (p

The black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the most popular peppers in the world. Nonetheless, there are several limitations on cultivation, resulting in reduced production or a complete loss of the crop. The major disease affecting this crop is fusarium root rot caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, which is responsible for decimating whole crops in Brazil, with losses reaching millions of dollars per year. So far, there is no effective control measure against this fungus and no cultivars resistant to it. In this study, in vitro effects of different products on colony growth was evaluated. Carbendazim, chitosan, silicon, and phosphate were tested against F.solani f. sp. piperis isolates CML-2466, CML-2353, E-637, and E-596. Chitosan and silicon did not inhibit mycelial growth of any of the isolates, while phosphite inhibited mycelial growth by 100%. Carbendazim was found to be fungitoxic for isolates CML-2353 and E-596 and fungistatic for CML-2466 and E-637, inhibiting the mycelial growth of these isolates by 60 and 80%, respectively. There were no dose effects of the products tested. Key words: Fusarium solani, Black pepper, chitosan, silicon, phosphite, carbendazim

The occurrence of degraded areas worldwide grows each year and measures must be taken to mitigate degradation and to recover these areas. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of soil preparation and NPK levels on the growth of five native species of the Atlantic Rainforest in clay extraction area. The experimental design was randomized block in a split-split plot arrangement with four replications. Subsoiling and scarification soil preparation represented main plots. Doses of NPK 04-14-08: 0; 40; 80;160; and 320 g pit-1 represented subplots and Atlantic Rainforest native species represented sub-subplots. Absolute growth rate, stem diameter and number of leaves were evaluated, 210 days after planting. The type of soil preparation did not influence the development of the species. The best dose for Dalbergia ecastaphyllum, Inga laurina, Protium heptaphyllum and Psidium cattleyanum were 176.49, 150.18, 199.25 and 166.48 g pit-1 of NPK, respectively. Schinus terebinthifolius was highly responsive to planting fertilization, being recommended 320 g pit-1 of NPK. All species are indicated for area recovery.

The objective of this study was to understand the effect of the spatial variability of the soil physical attributes in areas cultivated with cassava with different soil tillage systems, using the techniques of classical statistics and geostatistics. The experiment was carried in 2013 in São Mateus - ES, Brazil, on a cohesive ultisol, with a plan relief. The preparation of the soil for transplanting were made in two adjacent areas of approximately 0.5 ha each, using up to two passes of a harrow disk or two passes of a chisel plow. The following soil physical attributes were studied 90 days after transplanting: soil density (DS), macroporosity (Macro) and microporosity (Micro), soil water content according to two preparations systems and two depth ranges. Eighty plants were randomly selected to perform the experiment. The soil physical properties resulted in spatial variability due to the strong dependence for all variables, tillage system and soil depth. The semivariograms were adjusted to the spherical and exponential models for the evaluated physical attributes. Except for water content, it was observed an increase in the range (A0) with increasing depth for both tillage systems. The soil water content presented a decrease about 23% for the harrowing and scarification systems.

The uniformity and droplet size produced during the spraying as well the correct deposition of these in the target, contribute directly to the success of a pesticide application. The objective of the present study was to characterize the ejected spray in the aerial and terrestrial spraying of pumpkin crops, with the use of adjuvants in a liquid solution. The experiment was carried out in two commercial plantations, in an entirely randomized design, employing a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with six forms of application and two liquid compositions. The droplet spectrum was assessed employing water-sensitive card imaging. Smaller drop sizes and relative amplitudes were produced by aerial applications. In turn, the largest droplet diameters and the lowest percentage of drops smaller than 100 μm were obtained when using air induction twin flat spray nozzles. The adjuvant did not interfere in the numerical and volumetric median diameters, the relative amplitude, or the volume rate of droplets smaller than 100 μm.

The objective of this work was to propose models of equations from measurements of the linear dimensions of the last leaflet for the estimation of the leaf area of the composite leaves of Canavalia rosea. For this purpose, 441 composite leaves of 198 seedlings were used, 45 days after sowing, produced in nursery and belonging to the Federal University of Espírito Santo, Campus São Mateus, located in the municipality of São Mateus, North of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The length (L) along the main midrib and the maximum leaf width (W) of the last leaflet of each composite leaf, as well as the leaf area of all leaflets, were measured. Subsequently, it was determined the product of the multiplication of the length with the width (LW) and leaf area observed (OLA) from the sum of leaf area of leaflets in front of these measures were adjusted linear and non-linear equations of linear first degree, quadratic and power models, where, OLA was used as a dependent variable in function of L, W and LW as independent variable. Based on the models tested, we obtained equations for the estimated leaf area (ELA). The mean values of ELA and OLA were compared by Student's t test 5% probability. The mean absolute error (MAE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the Willmott d index, were determined as criteria for validation. The best adjusted equation was chosen through the non-significant values in the comparison of the means of ELA and OLA, values of MAE and RMSE closer to zero, value of the index d near the unitary and higher values of R2. Thus, the leaf area of the composite leaf of C. rosea seedlings can be estimated by the power model represented by equation ELA = 2.2951 (LW)0.9474 quickly, easily and non-destructively.

The production of okra using seedlings is a practice increasingly used by farmers. However, this system still lacks further research involving substrates, tray types, cell volume, pest control and disease. For this it is important to determine the optimum size of the plots, in order to reduce the experimental errors and the expenses with the experiment. The objective of this work was to determine the optimum plot size for experiments involving okra seedlings produced in Styrofoam trays of 128 cells using different methods. The methods were the maximum curvature, the maximum curvature with bootstrap simulation and the maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation. The evaluated characteristics were aerial part height, stem diameter, aerial dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter and quality of seedlings as measured by Dickson quality index. The results showed that the optimum plot size is different between the evaluated characteristics and for characteristics there is no significant difference in the optimum plot size between the three different methods. The optimum size for evaluating okra seedlings produced in Styrofoam trays of 128 cells is 10 seedlings per plot and is indicated the use of the maximum curvature method using a bootstrap simulation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the adjustment of mathematical models for determining Bauhinia monandra leaf area using the length and/or width of the leaves as independent variables. Leaves from plants with three years were used to the estimative of equations in linear, quadratic and potential models. The validation from the estimated leaf area as a function of the observed leaf area showed that the linear model based on the product of length and width of the largest leaf surface is the model that best fits. However, the leaf area determination can be represented by using only the length or width of the leaves with little loss of accuracy. A representation that better estimates Bauhinia monandra leaf area with easy application is the potential model in which xi represents the length of one of the symmetrical leaf lobes., O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência do ajuste de modelos matemáticos, para determinação da área foliar de Bauhinia monandra, utilizando o comprimento e/ou a largura das folhas como variáveis independentes. Foram analisadas folhas de plantas de três anos de idade para estimativa de equações nos modelos linear, quadrático e potencial. A validação a partir da área foliar estimada pelos modelos em função da área foliar observada mostrou que o melhor ajuste é para o modelo linear em função do produto entre comprimento e maior largura do limbo foliar; no entanto, a determinação da área foliar pode ser representada pelo uso apenas do comprimento ou da largura das folhas, com pouca perda de precisão. A representação que estima melhor a área foliar de Bauhinia monandra com maior simplicidade para aplicação é pelo modelo potencial em que xi representa o comprimento de um dos lóbulos foliares simétricos.

O estabelecimento de espécies usadas como porta-enxerto, importantes na olericultura, podem ser multiplicadas por meio da estaquia com auxílio de fitorreguladores. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência do AIB no estabelecimento de espécies nativas do gênero Piper com potencial de uso como porta-enxerto de Piper nigrum. Estacas de P. Arboreum, P. amplum e P. sp foram submetidas a diferentes dosagens de AIB (0, 2000, 4000, 6000 e 8000 mg.L-1) e mantidas em estufa agrícola com irrigação intermitente com temperatura e umidade controlados. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x5 (3 espécies de Piper x 5 dosagens de AIB) e composto por 3 repetições por tratamento, sendo cada parcela composta por 10 estacas. A avaliação foi realizada aos 45 dias de transplantio e as variáveis analisadas foram: índice de sobrevivência, número médio de folhas, número médio de brotos e comprimento médio do maior broto. A espécie Piper arboreum apresentou bons resultados referentes ao crescimento da parte aérea independentemente da concentração de AIB empregada.

RESUMO: Apesar do conhecimento que se tem sobre os benefícios do húmus de minhoca ou vermicomposto há necessidade de se avaliar a viabilidade técnica de utilização de outras fontes de carbono para as minhocas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da palha de café associada ao esterco bovino para produção de vermicomposto sobre as minhocas e a qualidade do húmus obtido. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de: 1) Esterco Bovino 100%; 2) Palha de Café 25% + Esterco Bovino 75%; 3) Palha de Café 50% + Esterco Bovino 50%; 4) Palha de Café 75% + Esterco Bovino 25%; e 5) Palha de Café 100%. A palha de café e o esterco permaneceram incubados por 64 dias para que ficassem disponíveis para a alimentação das minhocas e mais 84 dias para digestão do substrato. A palha de café não interferiu no incremento populacional das minhocas. O aumento percentual da palha na constituição do vermicomposto aumentou a disponibilidade de N, K, Ca e Cu, mas reduziu em P, Mg, S, Mn, Fe e Zn. Visando o fornecimento médio de nutrientes, a proporção de 50% de palha de café e 50% de esterco de bovino é a mais indicada. ABSTRACT: Despite the knowledge that you have about the benefits of the humus of the worms or vermicompost, there is a need to evaluate the technical feasibility of using other sources of carbon for worms. The objective was to evaluate the possibility of using straw of coffee to vermicompost production, the effects of their use on worms and on the quality of humus obtained. The evaluated treatments consisted of: (1 straw of coffee (SC) 100%; 2 SC 75% + manure (MA); 3 50% SC + 50% MA; 4 25% SC + 75% MA; 5 100% MA). The straw of coffee and the manure were incubated for 64 days to make them available to feed the worms and more 84 days to digest the substrate. The straw of coffee increased the number of worms without resulting in harmful effects. The percentage increment of the straw in the constitution of the vermicompost increased the availability of N, K, Ca and Cu, but it reduced the availability of Mg, S, Mn, P, Fe and Zn. Aiming o the medium supply of nutrients, the proportion of the 50% of straw of coffee and 50% of manure is designated.

Foram avaliados a produtividade, acúmulo de nitrato e estado nutricional das cultivares de alface Regina, Babá de Verão e Grandes Lagos em cultivo hidropônico. O experimento foi conduzido no outono, de 25/03 a 20/05/99 em estufa da UFV. Foram avaliados dois conjuntos de fontes de nutrientes para compor as soluções nutritivas de crescimento vegetativo, que continham: 13,6; 1,0; 7,0; 4,48; e 2,5 mmol L-1 de N, P, K, Ca e Mg, respectivamente. O enxofre foi fornecido na concentração de 3,5 ou 2,5 mmol L-1 e os micronutrientes nas concentrações de 45; 32; 46; 2; 0,9; e 0,2 mmol L-1 para Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu e Mo, respectivamente. A solução 1 forneceu 21,9% de N na forma amoniacal, e a solução 2, 100% de N na forma de nitrato. As fontes de P empregadas foram fosfato monoamônico e fosfato monopotássico para as soluções 1 e 2 respectivamente, sendo que esta variação implicou no uso de diferentes quantidades de KCl nas soluções, o que proporcionou concentrações diferentes de Cl, apresentando-se 6,76 e 2,18 mmol L-1 para as soluções 1 e 2, respectivamente. O cultivo foi feito em recipiente plástico com 8L de capacidade, contendo três plantas. Os recipientes foram arranjados de modo que se obtivesse espaçamento de 0,22 m entre plantas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso com seis repetições, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3 (soluções x cultivares). Cada parcela foi constituída por três plantas. Foram avaliados o peso da matéria fresca da parte aérea, folhas, raízes e caule, número de folhas, comprimento do caule, porcentagem de matéria seca das folhas e estado nutricional da planta. A cv. Regina produziu 233 g planta-1 e a cv. Babá de Verão 193 g planta-1. Os resultados obtidos para a cultivar Grandes Lagos não foram satisfatórios nas condições do experimento. A solução 1 proporcionou menores concentrações de nitrato para as cultivares Grandes Lagos (1082 mg kg-1 de matéria fresca) e Regina (1092 mg kg-1 de matéria fresca). As plantas apresentaram altas concentrações de Mn, mas sem sintomas de toxidez. Em geral, a nutrição das plantas foi adequada para os dois conjuntos de fontes de nutrientes testados.The yield, nitrate concentration and nutritional status of the lettuce cvs. Regina, Babá de Verão and Great Lakes cultivated in hydroponic system were evaluated. The experiment was carried out in fall from March to June/99 in a greenhouse of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil. Two groups of nutrient sources were evaluated to compose the nutritive solutions. The solutions were composed of 13.6; 1; 7; 4.48; and 2.5 mmol L-1 of N, P, K, Ca and Mg, respectively. The sulfur contents were 3.5 or 2.5 mmol L-1 and micronutrient contents were 45; 32; 46; 2; 0.9; and 0.2 mmol L-1 of Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu and Mo, respectively. The solution 1 supplied 21,9% of N-NH4+, and the solution 2, 100% of N-NO3. The phosphorus sources employed were NH4H2PO4 and KH2PO4 for the solutions 1 and 2, respectively, and this variation implied in the use of different amounts of KCl in the solutions, providing different concentrations of Cl of 6.76 and 2.18 mmol L-1 for the solutions 1 and 2, respectively. Lettuce plants were grown in plastic recipient with 8 L of capacity. The recipients containing three plants were arranged to obtain spacing of 0.22 m between plants. A randomized block design in a 2 x 3 (solutions x cultivars) factorial scheme, with six replications and three plants per plot was used. The fresh matter of shoots, leaves, roots and stems, number of leaves, stem length, leaves dry matter and plant nutricional status were evaluated. The yield of cv. Regina was 233 g plant-1 and of cv. Babá de Verão was 193 g plant-1. The cv. Great Lakes presented low yield. The solution 1 provided smaller nitrate concentrations for Great Lakes (1082 mg kg-1 in fresh matter) and Regina (1092 mg kg-1 in fresh matter). The plants presented high concentrations of Mn, but without toxic symptoms. The plant nutritional status was satisfactory.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antioxidante (ROO · , O 2 · - e DPPH) e o perfil cromatografico de compostos fenolicos da folha, flor, ramo e inflorescencia da Achilea millefolium. Os extratos etanolicos das diferentes partes da planta obtidos atraves de extracao por ultrassom foram caracterizados por cromatografia liquida acoplada a um detector UV-HPLC-UV. Alem disso, avaliou-se a atividade antioxidante frente aos radicais DPPH, superoxido e peroxil. Como resultado, a maioria dos extratos apresentaram atividade antioxidante frente aos radicais investigados, alem de que foram identificados os compostos quercetina, quercetrina, flavona, acido cafeico e canferol nas partes investigadas da planta. Por fim, o estudo demonstrou que e de extrema importância se saber qual parte da planta esta sendo avaliada, visto que estas apresentam diferencas na atividade antioxidante e na composicao quimica.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antioxidante (ROO · , O 2 · - e DPPH) e o perfil cromatografico de compostos fenolicos da folha, flor, ramo e inflorescencia da Plectranthus barbatus. Os extratos etanolicos das diferentes partes da planta obtidos atraves de extracao por ultrassom foram caracterizados por cromatografia liquida acoplada a um detector UV-HPLC-UV. Alem disso, avaliou-se a atividade antioxidante frente aos radicais DPPH, superoxido e peroxil. Como resultado, a maioria dos extratos apresentaram atividade antioxidante frente aos radicais investigados, alem de que foram identificados os compostos quercetina, quercetrina, flavona, acido cafeico e canferol nas partes investigadas da planta. Por fim, o estudo demonstrou que e de extrema importância se saber qual parte da planta esta sendo avaliada, visto que estas apresentam diferencas na atividade antioxidante e na composicao quimica.