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Aims: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate agronomic performance of four pepper genotypes under greenhouse conditions, and to determine the nutritional content of their fruits. Study Design: Was with the completely randomized model with four treatments (genotypes P-01, P-02, P-03 and P-04) and four repetitions each. The comparison of means was by Tukey ≤.05. Place and Duration of Study: Experimental greenhouse "The Bajío” Buenavista, Plant Breeding Department of the Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro. between March 2021 to December 2021. Methodology: Four genotypes of bell pepper were evaluated (P-01, P-02, P-03 and P-04), through the quantification and determination of morphological variables, yield, as well as the physicochemical and nutritional quality of the pepper fruits. Results: Significant statistical differences were identified in the number of fruits per plant, highlighting P-03, P-04 with 13.81 and 13.53 fruits, in fruit length, the P-01 genotype exceeded the rest of the genotypes by more than 16.5 %. For physicochemical evaluations there were no significant differences, however, there was a 10 % increase in firmness and mesocarp thickness in the P-03 and P-04 genotypes. Regarding carotenoids, P-03 had 52 % more than the rest of the genotypes, the P-01 genotype stood out in antioxidant capacity with 6 and 15 % for ABTS and FRAP, while the P-02 genotype stood out in a 26 % for DDPH. The color of the fruits turned out to be yellow red, highlighting P-03 and P-02 in terms of luminosity. Conclusion: Due to the length of the fruits, the genetic potential of the P-03 genotype could be exploited, while due to the number of fruits harvested per plant, the genotypes with the greatest potential are P-02 and P-04. The variables with differences between treatments can lead to the selection of genotypes of better commercial quality and greater fruit set.

El maíz morado posee granos con un color morado intenso y se debe a la presencia de antocianinas: subfamilia importante de flavonoides, que abundan en diferentes partes de las plantas, como: en flores, frutos, semillas, hojas de plantas, por ejemplo; cerezas, frambuesas, repollo morado, berenjena y por supuesto el maíz. Es por ello, que es de vital importancia identificar genotipos con mayor capacidad de adaptabilidad, además de estas dos variables importantes, cabe resaltar la necesidad de buscar genotipos tolerantes o resistentes a plagas y enfermedades que representen una fuente de genes de resistencia potencialmente útiles en programas de mejoramiento genético, para el beneficio de los agricultores y sobre todo agricultores de autoconsumo, los cuales utilizan su producción para su alimento, por ejemplo, en el estado de Guerrero la producción de maíces para autoconsumo es similar al 85% del territorio total. Los granos de este maíz poseen una de las tonalidades más profundas del reino vegetal (Figura 1), motivo por el cual ha llamado la atención ya que podría servir como fuente de alternativas a los colorantes sintéticos, por ejemplo, también podría representar una fuente de trabajo para la sociedad ya que con este tipo de maíz se puede preparar bebidas, postres tradicionales, colorantes naturales que podrían ser una alternativa de ingreso económico a la sociedad, en el INIFAP Campo Experimental Iguala, Guerrero, destacan el Dr. Noel Orlando Gómez Montiel y el Dr. Cesar del Ángel Hernández Galeano con la producción de V-239 AZ: primera variedad criolla mejorada de grano azul para la región semicálida de Guerrero.

Las semillas de pinos durante su almacenamiento pueden presentar hongos que deterioran su calidad. El objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en identificar los géneros fúngicos que se asocian a las semillas de Pinus montezumae y P. greggii en dos humedades relativas (HR). Se les almacenó a 60 y 80 % de HR a 5 °C. Los muestreos se hicieron durante 180 días. Se evaluó el contenido de humedad de semilla (HS), las semillas libres de hongos (SLH); y se identificaron los géneros de los hongos (GH) por la morfología de sus colonias. En HS y SLH se aplicó un diseño experimental completamente al azar y se hizo una comparación de medias. Todas las fuentes de variación fueron significativas. La HS media por especie fue de 9.59 y de 12.37 %; la SLH de 64.52 y 69.28 % para P. greggii y P. montezumae, respectivamente. En la semilla de P. greggii almacenada a 60 HR, la HS fue de 7.97 %, con 66.19 % en SLH y a 80 HR, de 11.21 % y 62.85 % en SLH. Para P. montezumae a 60 HR, la HS fue de 10.21 % y de 71.42 % en SLH; a 80 HR, la HS fue de 14.53 % y 67.14 % en SLH. Los GH identificados que promueven el deterioro de las semillas fueron: Alternaria sp, que en P. greggii a 60 HR no se observó; Penicillium sp incrementó y predominó a partir de los 120 días; Fusarium sp. fue constante; de forma esporádica se presentaron Aspergillus sp y Rizhopus sp.

Prunus cercocarpifolia Villarreal (Rosaceae) is an endemic shrub species restricted to the Sierra Zapaliname in southeastern Coahuila, Mexico. It is a refuge and food source for native fauna, but their populations have been affected by human activities. In this study, we evaluated 11pregerminative treatments in seeds of this species. These treatments consisted of the imbibition in water and stratification at different times and temperatures. The treated seeds were sown, and we assessed the percentage of germinated, dark, and non-germinated seeds, as well as the proportion of normal and abnormal seedlings. The seed imbibition with endocarp for 48 h at 30°C reached the highest germination percentage (89%), with all seeds being germinated, and 58% of normal seedlings produced. With the stratification for 8 days at 5°C, all seeds were germinated and a 64% of normal seedlings was achieved. Implementing these treatments on nursery production can contribute to the conservation of this endemic species of northeastern Mexico.

Sotol is a distilled beverage originated in Mexico, which is produced from the crowns of plants of the Dasylirion genus. This botanical group is abundant and important ecological component of the Chihuahuan Desert, which comprises Central and Northern Mexico, and Southern United States. The common name of most Dasylirion spp. plants is sotol or sereque, and were an integral part of the diet and culture of the pre-Columbian communities of Aridoamerica. Currently, several Dasylirion species have an increasing economic importance for the manufacture of the distilled beverage called sotol, which is consumed in Mexico and exported to other countries. In this chapter, we review the natural history of Dasylirion spp., covering systematics, physiology, reproduction, and the ecology of its populations and communities. This is the basis for the technical elements of the collection, cultivation, restoration, and sustainable use of this plant group. We describe the technological process of transformation of the crown biomass into the distilled beverage, the topic of the Sotol Designation of Origin, as well as its characteristics regarding its composition and nutritional value. Finally, research needs are mentioned in the context of the covered topics.