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Cellular glass from powders of recycled residual glass, borax as a fluxing agent, and elm leaves as a bio-foaming agent thermally treated at over 825ºC by unconventional microwave heating (according to the own technique) was experimentally manufactured. The wetted mixture was pressed into a mold and then freely inserted into the inner space of a ceramic tube of high microwave susceptible materials placed inside the microwave oven. Ground elm leaves (51 wt. %) were used for the first time as a bio-foaming agent replacing the much more expensive usual foaming agents. The results showed that the cellular glass in the optimal variant is suitable for its application as a heat-insulating building material, having the apparent density of 0.35 g/cm3, thermal conductivity of 0.074 W/m·K, and porosity of 83.3%. Due to the choice of using borax (6 wt. %), the compressive strength of the foam was improved, the 2.5 MPa value of the optimal variant being only the lowest of the range of 2.5-5.9 MPa achieved in this experiment.

This article presents discoveries and inventions from different periods of mankind, which played an important role in social and technological evolution. Thus, from the period of the Ancient World (prehistory - 400 AD), we present: the appearance of stone tools (which occurred in East Africa and belongs to the first hominids); pottery (appeared in 10500 BC); the development of metallurgy (began in the Middle East, around 6500 BC); the invention of the ox-drawn plow (which occurred around 4000 BC); the construction of the first pyramid in Egypt (2600 BC); the development of iron processing (as part of the development of metallurgy, it occurred around 1400 BC); modernization of papermaking technology (attributed to Tsai Lun, China, around 105 AD); Another historical period that we analyzed in terms of discoveries and innovations that revolutionized humanity was the Middle Ages (400 - 1500). Thus, from this period we presented the following discoveries and inventions: the discovery of the number zero (occurred in 520 and belongs to Indian mathematicians); woodcut printing (appeared in sixth century China); the first printed newspaper (year 700); the development of algebra (it belongs to the Greek mathematician Diophantos, 3rd century AD); gunpowder (it was discovered around 850); the establishment of the University of Bologna (made in 1088); The last period approached was the current one. From this period we presented the following discoveries: magnetism - a new form of electricity; devices controlled only by hand gestures.

The importance of the innovation process lies in its main functions, those of generating and leading to the conception and development of new processes and products, based on creativity. Hence the need of education for innovation. In this article we present, for a start, the main stages of an innovation process. Then, elements of innovation management, innovation strategies, innovation activities. We also present aspects regarding the financing of the innovation process and of the technology transfer. As results of the efficient application of these theoretical elements specific to an innovation process, we present the main elements of a patent (Invention Patent no. 107025/1993) of one of the authors. This patent, entitled "Burner" has gone through all stages, from conception to implementation in industry. This implementation took place in the former Special Steels Plant ok Targoviste (COST), in Electric Steel Mill no. 1 (OE1), with a good technological and economic efficiency

This paper presents a financial - economic analysis of the investments efficiency, in a double approach, both theoretical and empirical. We present and analyze in this article the investment decision in general and the financial - economic investment decision in particular. Analysis and characterization of categories of investment projects, including from economic point of view is another important aspect presented in our article. Here we present and analyze comparative, including through empirical approach, different methods of economic analysis of investment projects, such as: the method of Profitability Index (PI), Net Present Value method (NPV), Return On Investment (ROI), yield Internal Rate of Return method (IRR).

We construct a sofic approximation of ${\mathbb F}_2\times {\mathbb F}_2$ that is not essentially a ‘branched cover’ of a sofic approximation by homomorphisms. This answers a question of L. Bowen.

The trade (qualitative and quantitative level of trade) can promote the concept of sustainable development. The concept of Sustainable Development involves the implementation of theoretical and practical components for making decisions in any situation in which features a man-type medium, be it the environment, economic or social. The goals of sustainable development include the harmonization of the economic, social and environmental targets. This paper presents the main types of the correlations: Trade – Sustainable Development – Economic Crisis. The Sustainable Development (SD) concept is also analyzed in direct correlation with the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) concept. The SD concept involves the implementation of theoretical and practical components for making decisions in any situation in which a man-type medium, be it the environment, economic or social features. The Corporations (qualitative and quantitative level of trade) can promote the concept of sustainable development. The goals of sustainable development include the harmonization of the economic, social and environmental targets. This paper presents the main research on the main types of the correlations: Corporate Social Responsibility (including trade) – Sustainable Development – Economic Crisis.

We develop a new method, based on non-vanishing of second cohomology groups, for proving the failure of lifting properties for full C $$^*$$ -algebras of countable groups with (relative) property (T). We derive that the full C $$^*$$ -algebras of the groups $$\mathbb {Z}^2\times \text {SL}_2({\mathbb {Z}})$$ and $$\text {SL}_n({\mathbb {Z}})$$ , for $$n\ge 3$$ , do not have the local lifting property (LLP). We also prove that the full C $$^*$$ -algebras of a large class of groups $$\Gamma $$ with property (T), including those such that $$\text {H}^2(\Gamma ,{\mathbb {R}})\not =0$$ or $$\text {H}^2(\Gamma ,\mathbb {Z}\Gamma )\not =0$$ , do not have the lifting property (LP). More generally, we show that the same holds if $$\Gamma $$ admits a probability measure preserving action with non-vanishing second $${\mathbb {R}}$$ -valued cohomology. Finally, we prove that the full C $$^*$$ -algebra of any non-finitely presented property (T) group fails the LP.

We provide a class of separable II1 factors $M$ whose central sequence algebra is not the ‘tail’ algebra associated with any decreasing sequence of von Neumann subalgebras of $M$. This settles a question of McDuff [On residual sequences in a II1 factor, J. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) (1971), 273–280].

The notion of quality is defined as the totality of the attributes and essential aspects by virtue of which one is what it is, distinguishing itself from the other things. The article has as its starting point the definition of quality according to SR EN ISO 9001:2015. This standard defines the quality like „the set of properties and features of a product or service that gives it the ability to meet the expressed and implied needs of the customers”. Our article treats three categories of expressed and implicit necessities: the expressed and implied needs of clients, as beneficiaries of Products/Work/Services (P/W/S); the expressed and implied necessities of an efficient production management; the expressed and implicit necessities of society as a whole. In the article we present and analyze the components of quality (decalogue of quality) and the correlations between them. The quality term involves two main aspects (components), namely: utility, expressed by degree of utility (this component quantifies the extent to which the P/W/S meets the customer's needs and consequently sells). Technical component (intrinsic), which refers strictly to the technical characteristics of P/W/S. It is obvious that there is mutual dependence between the two components of the concept of quality (biunivoc).

In the article we present certain criteria and management principles applicable to education and scientific research, in order to optimize these two important areas. We thoroughly presented management criteria such as: the methodological criterion, the economic criterion, the social criterion, the informational criterion, the organizational criterion, the functional criterion. Among the management principles we analyzed there are: the principle of the command unit, the principle of decision-making and the principle of the balance between centralization and decentralization.

The article tries to systematize the potential developments in the Public Sector, resulting from the evolution of e-government processes. These profound organizational changes will have significant impacts in many areas, such as the public ethics, the rationalization of public spending and the public accountability.

This article has as a starting point the definition of the concept of ecological principles. Then, after classification of the principles of ecology (domestic principles and international principles), we present and critically analyze and compare the main principles in the field of ecology. Among the ecological principles on the domestic chain, we present and analyze 11 principles, namely: pollution must be combated at the source; the interests of environmental protection must be taken into account in all design or execution decisions; any exploitation or use of natural resources must be avoided if it is accompanied by damage; it is necessary to raise the level of scientific and technological knowledge, inter alia by supporting scientific research; the costs of preventing and combating pollution to be borne by the polluter; the activity of one state not to harm the environment of another state; during the elaboration of the community policy in the field of environmental protection to take into account the interests of the developing states; community environmental protection policy must be developed in the long term and protection must be comprehensive and international, which is achieved, inter alia, through cooperation within international bodies; the cause of environmental protection is everyone's responsibility and for this reason education is irreplaceable; depending on the source of pollution, the most appropriate level of action must be established taking into account the nature of the pollution, the necessary measures, the characteristics of the protected territory. This principle is defined as a "subsidiary principle"; it is necessary to harmonize and coordinate national policy in the field of environmental protection in accordance with the long-term commonly accepted directives. We also present and analyze the principle according to which environmental protection must be an essential element of the economic and social policy of the state. Finally, another ecological principle, the principle of prevention of ecological risks and damage

This article presents the main elements specific to the evaluation of research and development and innovation activities: evaluation of scientific research activity; evaluation of the staff involved; valuation of tangible assets; valuation of intangible assets. Also, we present in the article the two ways of approaching the evaluation of research, development, innovation: macroeconomic approach; microeconomic approach. The comparative analysis is based on the management by results and the management by objectives in the field of research activities, development, and innovation. In this context, we present the economic-financial indicators used in the evaluation of the research, development, innovation: the rate of new sales; cost savings rate; revenues from research development innovation.

Environment protection, like a new religion consists of: environmental programmes, objectives and targets, training, incentive schemes, audit frequency, site inspections, administration and community relations. This paper presents the main environmental performance indicators. They should therefore be cost-effective and appropriate to the size and type of organization and its needs and priorities. Organizations should make the optimum use of the environmental information they collect. To this end the indicators should fulfill the dual purpose of assisting the management of the organization and providing information to stakeholders. In article we present a set of Environmental Performance Indicators (EPI). These indicators should therefore be cost-effective and appropriate to the size and type of organization and its needs and priorities. We present many categories of environmental performance indicators: comparability (indicators should enable a comparison and show changes in the environmental performance); balance between problematic (bad) and prospective (good) areas, continuity (indicators should be based on the same criteria and should be taken over comparable time sections or units); timeliness (indicators should be updated frequently enough to allow action to be taken); clarity (indicators should be clear and understandable).

This paper aims to achieve the titanium price forecast using specific mathematical methods and to evaluate the most suitable method for this estimation. Based on existing data, we will extrapolate through various methods to calculate the estimated values for the period 2019-2021. In order to evaluate the quality of the estimated values, we will compare the actual values from the base period with the values obtained by the different methods.

The paper aims to analyse the management of projects on European funding, taking into account two major directions, namely the efficiency and effectiveness of management. In order to achieve these objectives, a number of issues are examined, such as: the achievement degree of the indicators proposed by the project, the most efficient use of existing funding and the analysis of project sustainability, considering both market realities as well as the provisions of the initial project. Important in the analysis are both the results obtained during the implementation period of the project and the values recorded after the completion of the projects and the way in which, in the absence of financial support, there is continuity in the conduct of the activities..

The goals of this paper are twofold. First, we generalize the result of Gaboriau and Lyons [GL07] to the setting of von Neumann's problem for equivalence relations, proving that for any non-amenable ergodic probability measure preserving (pmp) equivalence relation $\mathcal{R}$, the Bernoulli extension over a non-atomic base space $(K, \kappa)$ contains the orbit equivalence relation of a free ergodic pmp action of $\mathbb{F}_2$. Moreover, we provide conditions which imply that this holds for any non-trivial probability space $K$. Second, we use this result to prove that any non-amenable unimodular locally compact second countable group admits uncountably many free ergodic pmp actions which are pairwise not von Neumann equivalent (hence, pairwise not orbit equivalent).

We provide new examples of translation actions on locally compact groups with the “local spectral gap property” introduced in [5]. This property has applications to strong ergodicity, the Banach–Ruziewicz problem, orbit equivalence rigidity, and equidecomposable sets. The main group of study here is the group $\operatorname{Isom}\left (\mathbb{R}^{d}\right )$ of orientation-preserving isometries of the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, for d ≥ 3. We prove that the translation action of a countable dense subgroup Γ on Isom$\left (\mathbb R^{d}\right )$ has local spectral gap, whenever the translation action of the rotation projection of Γ on SO(d) has spectral gap. Our proof relies on the amenability of $\operatorname{Isom}\left (\mathbb{R}^{d}\right )$ and on work of Lindenstrauss and Varjú [12].

We prove that if Γ is an icc irreducible lattice in a product of connected non-compact rank one simple Lie groups with finite center, then the II 1 {\mathrm{II}_{1}} factor L ⁢ ( Γ ) {L(\Gamma)} is prime. In particular, we deduce that the II 1 {\mathrm{II}_{1}} factors associated to the arithmetic groups PSL 2 ⁢ ( ℤ ⁢ [ d ] ) {\mathrm{PSL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{d}])} and PSL 2 ⁢ ( ℤ ⁢ [ S - 1 ] ) {\mathrm{PSL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z}[S^{-1}])} are prime for any square-free integer d ≥ 2 {d\geq 2} with d ≢ 1 ⁢ ( mod ⁡ 4 ) {d\not\equiv 1~{}(\operatorname{mod}\,4)} and any finite non-empty set of primes S. This provides the first examples of prime II 1 {\mathrm{II}_{1}} factors arising from lattices in higher rank semisimple Lie groups. More generally, we describe all tensor product decompositions of L ⁢ ( Γ ) {L(\Gamma)} for icc countable groups Γ that are measure equivalent to a product of non-elementary hyperbolic groups. In particular, we show that L ⁢ ( Γ ) {L(\Gamma)} is prime, unless Γ is a product of infinite groups, in which case we prove a unique prime factorization result for L ⁢ ( Γ ) {L(\Gamma)} .

We survey some of the progress made recently in the classification of von Neumann algebras arising from countable groups and their measure preserving actions on probability spaces. We emphasize results which provide classes of (W$^*$-superrigid) actions that can be completely recovered from their von Neumann algebras and II$_1$ factors that have a unique Cartan subalgebra. We also present cocycle superrigidity theorems and some of their applications to orbit equivalence. Finally, we discuss several recent rigidity results for von Neumann algebras associated to groups., submitted to Proc. of the ICM 2018

In this article we aim to create a software application aimed at highlighting the importance of the technical and economic estimate in making the bushings. This software was created as a web platform, available at: https://www.bucsa-sim.com, in order to maximize the accessibility, speed and efficiency of the complex process that underlies the construction of parts, in our case, bushings. The idea of developing this software started from the necessity generated by the fact that currently there is only one website on the Romanian market available at: https://bucsebronz.ro/calculator-piese/, which does not allow users to calculate the technical-economic estimate in real time, but only to send a simple form to the company. The use of this application is part of the new concept of Industrialization 4.0 because it allows operation in the cloud with immediate access to the display of the price of a bushing made of elements recovered from waste. Taking into consideration that materials such as copper and lead can come from recycling of batteries and accumulators, this application contributes to a better integration of the processing of these materials in the priciples or the circular economy.

The qualitative impact calculation for the implementation of a social economy project can be done using dedicated computing software. In this paper we have defined PQS which is an application on JAVA support that allows use irrespective of the existing support platform on the computer. The created application has the advantage that it can run both on computers and on other devices (tablets, phones, etc.). The input data are represented by the values assumed and realized in the project and are stored in a MySQL database.

We study the notion of permutation stability (or P-stability) for countable groups. Our main result provides a wide class of non-amenable product groups which are not P-stable. This class includes the product group Σ × Λ , whenever Σ admits a non-abelian free quotient and Λ admits an infinite cyclic quotient. In particular, we obtain that the groups F m × Z d and F m × F n are not P-stable, for any integers m , n ≥ 2 and d ≥ 1 . This implies that P-stability is not closed under the direct product construction, which answers a question of Becker, Lubotzky and Thom. The proof of our main result relies on a construction of asymptotic homomorphisms from Σ × Λ to finite symmetric groups starting from sequences of finite index subgroups in Σ and Λ with and without property (τ). Our method is sufficiently robust to show that the groups covered are not even flexibly P-stable, thus giving the first such non-amenable residually finite examples.

We provide a fairly large class of II $$_1$$ factors N such that $$M=N\bar{\otimes }R$$ has a unique McDuff decomposition, up to isomorphism, where R denotes the hyperfinite II $$_1$$ factor. This class includes all II $$_1$$ factors $$N=L^{\infty }(X)\rtimes \Gamma $$ associated to free ergodic probability measure preserving (p.m.p.) actions $$\Gamma \curvearrowright (X,\mu )$$ such that either (a) $$\Gamma $$ is a free group, $$\mathbb F_n$$ , for some $$n\ge 2$$ , or (b) $$\Gamma $$ is a non-inner amenable group and the orbit equivalence relation of the action $$\Gamma \curvearrowright (X,\mu )$$ satisfies a property introduced in Jones and Schmidt (Am J Math 109(1):91–114, 1987). On the other hand, settling a problem posed by Jones and Schmidt in 1985, we give the first examples of countable ergodic p.m.p. equivalence relations which do not satisfy the property of Jones and Schmidt (1987). We also prove that if $${\mathcal {R}}$$ is a countable strongly ergodic p.m.p. equivalence relation and $${\mathcal {T}}$$ is a hyperfinite ergodic p.m.p. equivalence relation, then $${\mathcal {R}}\times {\mathcal {T}}$$ has a unique stable decomposition, up to isomorphism. Finally, we provide new characterisations of property Gamma for II $$_1$$ factors and of strong ergodicity for countable p.m.p. equivalence relations.

The spatial organization of enterprises is of great importance for the metallic materials industry (metallurgy), given the diversity and complexity of the technological processes and the related equipment. In an enterprise from the metallic materials industry, there may be sections for: production, casting, forging, mechanical (hot and / or cold) processing, assembly etc. for the different stages of the technological process related to the products to be made. The article presents theoretical and practical elements regarding the management of the spatial organization of enterprises in the metallic materials industry. The principles and methods of spatial organization are presented and analyzed. These principles and methods are based on the biunivocal relation between the functional and constructive changes related to the technologies and equipment (machinery, aggregates) specific to the metallic material industry. Prescribing (establishing) the objective function (OF) of the technological processes modeling system in the metallic materials industry is based on the qualitative - economic analysis of these processes.

This article presents the main possibilities for steel refining in Ladle Furnace (LF). These, are presented: steelmaking stages, steel refining through argon bottom stirring, online control of the bottom stirring, bottom stirring diagram during LF treatment of a heat, porous plug influence over the argon stirring, bottom stirring porous plug, analysis of porous plugs disposal on ladle bottom surface, bottom stirring simulation with ANSYS, bottom stirring simulation with Autodesk CFD.

Let $\Gamma\curvearrowright (X,\mu)$ be a measure preserving action of a countable group $\Gamma$ on a standard probability space $(X,\mu)$. We prove that if the action $\Gamma\curvearrowright X$ is not profinite and satisfies a certain spectral gap condition, then there does not exist a countable-to-one Borel homomorphism from its orbit equivalence relation to the orbit equivalence relation of any modular action (i.e., an inverse limit of actions on countable sets). As a consequence, we show that if $\Gamma$ is a countable dense subgroup of a compact non-profinite group $G$ such that the left translation action $\Gamma\curvearrowright G$ has spectral gap, then $\Gamma\curvearrowright G$ is antimodular and not orbit equivalent to any, {\it not necessarily free}, profinite action. This provides the first such examples of compact actions, partially answering a question of Kechris and answering a question of Tsankov.

The article attempts to outline possible future developments in the field of the public accounting and auditing professions resulting from the present e-government processes, which dates back to the early 2000s. This change has an untapped potential that could have a profound effect in many areas, such as the rationalization of public spending, business ethics, and university education to new professions required by the future labor market. It should be noted also that the future change of labor is a generalist issue proposed in many prestigious international researches: the paper seeks to make a contribution specifically oriented to the field of accounting and auditing professions applied to the public sector. After a methodological premise of systematization of the related topics of reference – whose origins can be traced back to the New Public Management Theory – the theoretical approach of the contribution will try to develop some Italian real implications regarding the change under study.

We present in our article some original quality evaluation methods for Metallic Materials Industry (MMI). Also we present categories of environmental performance indicators. They should therefore be cost-effective and appropriate to the size and type of organization and its needs and priorities. The paper presents the main methods of technical-economical analysis of the quality of the metallic materials industry. There are mainly presented and analyzed a specific analysis models. Both the analysis methods for products (A) and the ones for companies (B) are presented in comparison. The main results consist of the correlation between the technical – economical analysis methods and the mathematical models used. Also we present in our article the main categories of environmental performance indicators: comparability, balance between problematic (bad) and prospective (good) areas, continuity, timeliness, clarity, operational performance indicators, management performance indicators, environmental condition indicators.

The methodology of establishing an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) and technological plant’s best management strategy is based on the “technological process – technological plant” interdependences. The paper presents the best management of a plant and consists of an assembly of operations, measures and decisions, established and applied in order to make the technological process more efficient from the technical – economical point of view. We present constructive and functional description of an Electric Arc Furnace such as: refractory masonry; metallic construction; electric installation. We also present the best management of a plant consisting of an assembly of operations, measures and decisions, established and applied in order to make the technological process more efficient from the technical–economical point of view, Electric Arc Furnace management included.

We give sufficient conditions, in terms of the existence of unbounded derivations satisfying certain properties, which ensure that a II$_1$ factor $M$ is prime or has at most one Cartan subalgebra. For instance, we prove that if there exists a real closable unbounded densely defined derivation $\delta:M\rightarrow L^2(M)\bar{\otimes}L^2(M)$ whose domain contains a non-amenability set, then $M$ is prime. If $\delta$ is moreover "algebraic" (i.e. its domain $M_0$ is finitely generated, $\delta(M_0)\subset M_0\otimes M_0$ and $\delta^*(1\otimes 1)\in M_0$), then we show that $M$ has no Cartan subalgebra. We also give several applications to examples from free probability. Finally, we provide a class of countable groups $\Gamma$, defined through the existence of an unbounded cocycle $b:\Gamma\rightarrow \mathbb C(\Gamma/\Lambda)$, for some subgroup $\Lambda

We study equivalence relations that arise from translation actions Γ ↷ G \Gamma\curvearrowright G which are associated to dense embeddings Γ < G \Gamma of countable groups into second countable locally compact groups. Assuming that G is simply connected and the action Γ ↷ G \Gamma\curvearrowright G is strongly ergodic, we prove that Γ ↷ G \Gamma\curvearrowright G is orbit equivalent to another such translation action Λ ↷ H \Lambda\curvearrowright H if and only if there exists an isomorphism δ : G → H \delta:G\to H such that δ ⁢ ( Γ ) = Λ \delta(\Gamma)=\Lambda . If G is moreover a real algebraic group, then we establish analogous rigidity results for the translation actions of Γ on homogeneous spaces of the form G / Σ G/\Sigma , where Σ < G \Sigma is either a discrete or an algebraic subgroup. We also prove that if G is simply connected and the action Γ ↷ G \Gamma\curvearrowright G has property (T), then any cocycle w : Γ × G → Λ w:\Gamma\times G\to\Lambda with values in a countable group Λ is cohomologous to a homomorphism δ : Γ → Λ \delta:\Gamma\to\Lambda . As a consequence, we deduce that the action Γ ↷ G \Gamma\curvearrowright G is orbit equivalent superrigid: any free nonsingular action Λ ↷ Y \Lambda\curvearrowright Y which is orbit equivalent to Γ ↷ G \Gamma\curvearrowright G , is necessarily conjugate to an induction of Γ ↷ G \Gamma\curvearrowright G .

We study Cartan subalgebras in the context of amalgamated free product II$_1$ factors and obtain several uniqueness and non-existence results. We prove that if $\Gamma$ belongs to a large class of amalgamated free product groups (which contains the free product of any two infinite groups) then any II$_1$ factor $L^{\infty}(X)\rtimes\Gamma$ arising from a free ergodic probability measure preserving action of $\Gamma$ has a unique Cartan subalgebra, up to unitary conjugacy. We also prove that if $\mathcal R=\mathcal R_1*\mathcal R_2$ is the free product of any two non-hyperfinite countable ergodic probability measure preserving equivalence relations, then the II$_1$ factor $L(\mathcal R)$ has a unique Cartan subalgebra, up to unitary conjugacy. Finally, we show that the free product $M=M_1*M_2$ of any two II$_1$ factors does not have a Cartan subalgebra. More generally, we prove that if $A\subset M$ is a diffuse amenable von Neumann subalgebra and $P\subset M$ denotes the algebra generated by its normalizer, then either $P$ is amenable, or a corner of $P$ embeds into $M_1$ or $M_2$., Comment: This new (and final) version of the paper includes an appendix written jointly with Stefaan Vaes which fixes a gap from the previous version

The criteria function concept consists of transforming the criteria function (CF) in a quality-economical matrix math MQE. The levels of prescribing the criteria function was obtained by using a composition algorithm for three vectors: T vector – technical parameters’ vector (ti); Ē vector – economical parameters’ vector (ej) and P vector – weight vector (p1). For each product or service, the area of the circle represents the value of its sales. The BCG Matrix thus offers a very useful map of the organization’s service strengths and weaknesses, at least in terms of current profitability, as well as the likely cash flows.