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Communities have a strong role in protecting biodiversity. In addition to participation in restoration, a range of actions in the public or private sphere may support biodiversity. Despite this, there is a lack of clarity about what actions should be prioritized for behavior change campaigns. We developed and applied a method to prioritize community actions for biodiversity conservation that incorporates an expert‐based assessment of impact and a community‐informed measure of the likelihood of uptake. In stage 1, experts (n = 143) completed a survey that quantified the relative impact of actions based on best–worst scaling of perceived impact. In stage 2, surveyed community members (n = 3200) ranked the likelihood of adopting actions based on the ease or difficulty of performing each action, and the opportunity for change based on the proportion of respondents not yet engaging in each behavior. Experts gave the following actions the highest ranking for impact: voting for the environment (first), participating in restoration in ecological priority areas (second), and purchasing and protecting remnant bushland (third). When considering the disciplinary background and institutional background of experts, voting and participating in restoration activities remained in the upper ranked options. However, there was some divergence between these groups. For example, reducing beef consumption was ranked third by university‐based experts but ranked 28th by experts based in state government. Overall, community members ranked the following behaviors as most likely to be adopted: following quarantine laws (first), reducing plastic use (second), and managing pets (third). Top likelihood ranking of actions was minimally affected by community characteristics (nature relatedness, gender, location). Integrating these findings, the action ranked most favorably for impact, likelihood, and opportunity was participating in restoration. Choosing actions for behavior change campaigns requires consideration of the entire social–ecological system—from social factors that enable or constrain adoption to the ecological impact of actions across relevant social and ecological contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article conducts a comparative analysis of the anti-rights narratives presented during the parliamentary debates on the decriminalization of voluntary abortion in Mexico and Argentina from 2018 to 2022. Four main categories were identified, the first being the technocratization of Catholic and Evangelical religious discourse, strategically based on scientific and legal arguments through a rhetoric of fear. The second was the deterministic denunciation of the failure of the state, its institutions, and public policies to address social problems such as violence against women, insecurity, and poverty. The third consisted of the proposal of alternatives based on the defense of the traditional family, such as adoption from conception or the debureaucratization of adoption. The fourth and last category comprised a discursive shift appropriating arguments from feminist militancy while suppressing the principle of secularism, omitting the existence of the lgbtiq+ movement and manipulating the rhetorical device of gender ideology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The objective of this research is to carry out a systematic review of the literature on adoptions of boys and girls under two years of age by homoparental couples made up of two boys. At the same time, it aims to report on the current status of homoparental adoptions by men who are in a relationship. The PRISMA statement was applied for the systematic review in the databases DOAJ, Redalyc, Scielo, Regional Health Portal of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and Dialnet, surveying scientific articles in Spanish, English and Portuguese. Also, the PICOS method was used to perform screening. As there is little research on the topic, all the articles found will be used without distinction of the year of their publication. Texts in French, book chapters and systematic reviews on the subject were excluded. The results show the need to carry out research regarding adoptions of children under two years of age by homoparental couples made up of two men since only two investigations were found on homosexual men who adopt newborns. In the rest of the research, it can be observed that a prejudice prevails against these couples adopting children due to the fear of the psychological damage that these children may suffer when adopted by these couples. Or because of the fear that sexual abuse will be committed by the adopters of the minor. This is not only demonstrated in research carried out on health, law and education professionals, but also on the general population and the LGBTQIA+ community itself. On the other hand, two investigations show that these couples are more likely to adopt children with health problems or disabilities, more than heteroparental families, and that adoption by these families does not generate any negative consequences for the children.

Martin Nowak (2011; 2013) propone cinco mecanismos para la cooperación biológica: selección por parentesco, reciprocidad directa, reciprocidad indirecta, reciprocidad de red y selección grupal, los cuales deben explicar todo comportamiento altruista. Para poner a prueba esto, se presentan dos casos de adopción y los cuidados aloparentales por parte de dos madres bonobos a huérfanas extragrupales (Tokuyama et al., 2021). Estos casos demuestran que ninguno de los mecanismos propuestos por Nowak logra explicar del todo el comportamiento altruista. Finalmente, este artículo cuestiona los supuestos que subyacen a la teoría de Nowak para concluir que es la insuficiencia explicativa de estos supuestos lo que nos impide dar cuenta de la cooperación biológica en los casos de adopción animal.

Un rasgo característico de la sociedad española es la diversidad familiar. Entre sus posibles modelos están las familias adoptivas, representadas en una multiplicidad de estructuras que difieren en su composición, rasgos y dinámicas. Aunque comparten aspectos comunes con otros modelos, también enfrentan desafíos específicos asociados a los adoptantes y a los adoptados (p.e., sus historias de vida y condiciones de desamparo). A pesar de ello, la mayoría de estas familias son exitosas, si bien deben abordar retos como contribuir a la sanación emocional de los hijos, ayudándoles a enfrentar posibles secuelas del abandono y a construir una identidad familiar que integre su pasado y el presente. Estos desafíos no son homogéneos y algunas familias pueden necesitar un mayor apoyo profesional a lo largo del proceso. Por tanto, es crucial que los profesionales conozcan y comprendan las necesidades de las familias adoptivas para brindarles un apoyo efectivo a sus miembros, a su entorno más cercano y a la sociedad, en general. Este trabajo explora las evaluaciones realizadas por los profesionales que aplicaron un programa de formación/reflexión para quienes se ofrecen para la adopción en las Islas Canarias (España), al inicio del proceso. El curso persigue que los participantes conozcan mejor las particularidades de la parentalidad adoptiva y que reflexionen profundamente sobre su decisión de adoptar. Se analizan las evaluaciones de 26 cursos, en los que participaron 500 personas. Los resultados recogen las recomendaciones de los profesionales para favorecer el ejercicio positivo de su labor; destacan la necesidad de poseer un amplio conocimiento sobre el proceso adoptivo, el desamparo y sus consecuencias, el ejercicio positivo de la parentalidad, etc.; así como sobre el manejo de técnicas de dinámica de grupo que impulsen la participación de los asistentes y ayuden a mantener su interés a lo largo de las sesiones.

La diversidad de las realidades de la infancia en América Latina es amplia, pero si hay algo que lamentablemente se repite en la variedad de esas experiencias, es la vulneración de derechos a la que muchas niñas, niños, y niñes se enfrentan. La mayor parte de los países de la región están suscritos a la Convención Sobre los Derechos del Niño desde hace décadas, sin embargo, esta misma región aún detenta altas cifras de Trabajo Infantil, Explotación Sexual Comercial, Trata de Personas, violencia intrafamiliar, entre otras graves vulneraciones de derechos. En este escrito queremos explorar brevemente la realidad de las vulneraciones de derechos de la infancia en la región, y en particular, buscamos identificar los desafíos pendientes específicamente en torno al Trabajo Infantil y la migración, la participación ciudadana de la infancia, y la adopción. La intención es contribuir a darles visibilidad, y a promover abordajes menos adulto-céntricos para enfrentarlas.

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This article examines the factors that influence the adoption of digital payments among young people in Sri Lanka. The study utilizes the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and the Perceived Risk theory to analyze these factors. The findings indicate that social influence does not play a role in the adoption of digital payments among Sri Lankan youths, while perceived risk, effort expectancy, and performance expectancy have a significant impact. The results of this study can be valuable for decision-makers and policymakers in understanding consumer preferences and guiding the implementation of digital payment systems. [Extracted from the article]

Antecedentes: Las emociones pueden definirse como un estado temporal suscitado por estímulos biológicos externos relevantes, ya sea, adversos o positivos que tienen efectos específicos en el organismo tanto en el cuerpo como en la mente. Las investigaciones que se han focalizado en las emociones han crecido exponencialmente incluso en áreas como la agronomía y la biología. Objetivo: Explorar las investigaciones actuales sobre las emociones, con el fin de lograr una mejor comprensión de cómo se han abordado en el ámbito de las ciencias agrícolas y biológicas. Metodología: Se utilizó el software VOSviewer para conducir un análisis de co-ocurrencia en 792 artículos publicados en la base de datos Scopus® de Elsevier® relacionados con las emociones, también se analizaron los países que más publican, las revistas científicas e instituciones. Resultados principales: Los resultados muestran que Estados Unidos es el país líder en el tema. En las primeras etapas se caracterizó el funcionamiento del cerebro humano, posteriormente, se hicieron estudios con enfoque cognitivo, fisiológico y psicológico y en los últimos años, las investigaciones se enfocaron en el comportamiento de los consumidores. Implicaciones: Este estudio contribuye a una mejor comprensión de las emociones y sus implicaciones en diferentes aspectos, como son la alimentación, la salud y el bienestar emocional, al mismo tiempo que pone de manifiesto la necesidad de contar con un enfoque multidisciplinario para una mejor aproximación a la complejidad que se presenta en los agroecosistemas, particularmente aquellos de las zonas tropicales y subtropicales que enfrentan rezagos considerables con respecto a otras regiones.Conclusiones: Se concluye que las investigaciones sobre las emociones están teniendo un impacto en la comprensión de percepción e intenciones que la sociedad tiene para adquirir bienes y servicios que provee el sector agroalimentario.

La investigación social muestra que las relaciones de parentesco entre hermanos/as son primordiales en la vida de muchas personas. Sin embargo, en el campo de estudios interdisciplinarios sobre adopción, especialmente en el ámbito iberoamericano, se ha explorado escasamente estas relaciones. En el marco de un estudio multi-situado y comparativo, en este artículo examinamos las experiencias de un grupo de personas adultas adoptadas chilenas, argentinas y españolas que buscaron y encontraron a sus hermanos/as de origen. A la luz del material de campo realizado, analizamos la complejidad de las dinámicas y afectos involucrados en estos encuentros y su impacto en los procesos de construcción de identidad y de las relaciones de parentesco, teniendo como trasfondo profundas inequidades sociales, económicas y culturales de carácter estructural. Discutimos cómo nuestros hallazgos pueden aportar a la comprensión de los procesos de búsqueda de orígenes y proyectamos diversos desafíos en las políticas y prácticas adoptivas, así como también en los futuros estudios sobre el tema.

El presente análisis tiene por objeto examinar la problemática que conlleva el reconocer la inscripción de la filiación de menores a las madres por deseo que acuden a la praxis de la gestación subrogada en terceros países. A pesar del rechazo mostrado por el Tribunal Supremo a los acuerdos que regulan las relaciones privadas en este tipo de negocios, en el caso concreto, sugiere incoar un proceso de adopción sobre la criatura objeto del negocio siguiendo la estela de dos casos recientes resueltos por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Una respuesta que no parece satisfacer a ninguna de los sujetos involucrados si atendemos a los diferentes derechos e intereses en juego. De este modo, el trabajo pretende resaltar las deficiencias argumentales sobre las que se construye el sentido del fallo de la STS 277/2022, de 31 de marzo.

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This study aimed to understand the perceptions about the dissolution of adoption by psychology and social service professionals who mediated the return of children/adolescents to foster care after adoption. It was a qualitative, exploratory study with eight professionals from different districts and foster care institutions in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. A semi-structured interview was used and the results highlighted four themes: 1) terminologies, revealing that no nomenclature adequately covers the phenomenon; 2) perception about people who have given up on adoption, indicating that poorly elaborated experiences of infertility and the search for the ideal child contribute to cases of dissolution of adoption; 3) perceptions about children/adolescents who returned to care, highlighting self-blame, abandonment and regression; and 4) perceptions about the role of professionals, involving the need for team training/qualification. Understanding the perspective of professionals is essential for planning future interventions and seeking to prevent adoption dissolutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este trabajo propone una primera aproximación al parentesco y la organización social de la Comunidad Indígena Atacameña de Ayquina-Turi (provincia del Loa, segunda región de Antofagasta) a partir de los resultados de una encuesta genealógica realizada in situ y en la ciudad de Calama. La discusión se desarrolla en cuatro pasos: primero, la introducción del escenario en el que se realizó la investigación etnográfica; segundo, la presentación del problema que inspiró su realización; tercero, la exposición de la información de base y cuarto, el análisis de la misma. A diferencia de lo que ocurre con otras comunidades campesino-indígenas de los Andes centrales y meridionales, se observa una sostenida tendencia hacia la conformación de unidades familiares matrifocales relacionadas con una práctica generalizada de adopción intrafamiliar que encuentra ecos etnográficos significativos en otros sitios de América del Sur, en particular la Guyana Británica.

Los demógrafos consideran a la adopción internacional principalmente como un tipo inusual de migración. Esta perspectiva ofrece a los antropólogos nuevas formas de pensar sobre el parentesco. Basándose en el cuerpo de trabajo demográfico y en los estudios antropológicos sobre parentesco y migración, este artículo desarrolla un enfoque nuevo e híbrido para abordar la adopción internacional como un proceso social complejo el cual es, al mismo tiempo, migratorio y productivo de parentesco. Ver la adopción internacional como una forma de migración revela el hecho de que los “factores de empuje” y los “factores de atracción” del hecho no se alinean de manera perfecta. Utilizando una perspectiva antropológica del curso de vida, el artículo explora cómo las experiencias de estos “migrantes” y las personas cercanas a ellos, a lo largo del tiempo, se pueden comprender no únicamente como producto de la migración, sino también como racialización. Observar las vidas de las personas adoptadas a través de la lente de la migración revela algunas de las incomodidades persistentes que impiden tener conversaciones abiertas sobre la diferencia racial y el estatus de minoría en el contexto adoptivo, es decir, un contexto donde los niños han sido forzados a migrar, integrados a familias. Este artículo se basa en datos de trabajo de campo etnográfico con padres españoles que han adoptado niños peruanos para construir el argumento de que la adopción internacional es un tipo de migración particular que produce una categoría minoritaria dentro de una población mayoritaria.

En 1998, en São Paulo, Brasil, un movimiento de familias pobres exigió la revisión de los procedimientos legales que condujeron a la adopción de sus niños por parte de familias brasileras y extranjeras. El análisis de los fallos de pérdida de la patria potestad reveló que las autoridades judiciales permitieron que se llevaran a cabo adopciones ‘‘irregulares,’’ sin el consentimiento de las familias de origen y sin que éstas hayan podido defenderse legalmente de acusaciones de malos tratos y abandono. El estudio de este movimiento puso en evidencia la existencia de representaciones particulares sobre parentesco al interior de las clases populares, así como la percepción de la pobreza que prevalece en las élites del país. En este artículo planteo que las niñas y los niños pobres son vistos por un sector de estas élites tanto como una amenaza para la sociedad, como un medio para satisfacer los deseos de eventuales padres adoptivos, especialmente si se trata de recién nacidos blancos o de piel clara.

The premiere of the South Korean film Broker in June 2022 has resulted in a recent increased visibility of the Baby Box phenomenon, a system which allows babies to be left anonymously in boxes installed for it. In South Korea, this system was originated from the personal initiative of the Protestant Pastor Lee Jong-rak and, as of March 2020, more than 1,700 babies had been rescued. The actions of this pastor and the team that helps him have created a stir, as this is a controversial issue, with an ambiguous and complex legal framework, which produces very disparate social reactions. This study includes a brief analysis of the legal framework and the main reactions produced. This article aims to help visualize the Baby Box phenomenon and add a small grain of sand to help solve it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este artículo se ubica en el contexto de la adopción internacional, en concreto, de la adopción internacional en China. Las personas adoptadas en procesos de adopción internacionales e interraciales viven una serie de dificultades que obstaculizan su crecimiento personal y desarrollo psicosocial. Para conocer más a fondo esas dificultades, hemos llevado a cabo una investigación exploratoria realizada a través de entrevistas a personas adoptadas de origen chino en el ámbito geográfico español y de documentación sobre la adopción. Entre los resultados obtenidos, hemos observado que las personas adoptadas de origen chino entrevistadas han vivido un fuerte sentimiento de diferenciación, el cual ha afectado en varios aspectos de sus vidas, como por ejemplo tener baja autoestima o sentir desconfianza a la hora de socializar. Además, con el fin de hacer frente a esas dificultades, han desarrollado estrategias personales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption process includes important changes in adoptive families, since it implies a restructuring and adaptation to a new organization of the family system. The path to parenthood entails changes at levels of mental, physical and social health, which in the case of adoptive parents, the challenges are greater or are altered in some way due to the unique characteristics of their experiences and the obstacles they face. To these challenges are added the usual stressors that parents face, such as changes in roles, increased stress, lack of sleep, alterations in the relationship and intimacy of the couple and difficulties that arise in raising their children. On the other hand, time is configured as a concrete dimension through which life develop. The relationship between objective time and subjective or psychological time will shape the perception of time that each person has, which has a role in how both individual and family identity develops. This is because people´s actions are influenced by past experiences, current experiences and future expectations. One of the areas of the adoption process that has not yet been deepened is the waiting time, the period of time between obtaining the suitability and assignment of the minor to the adoptive family, which can be considered important for the future family depending on how adoptive parents face it, this because the way in which the adoption process is experienced impacts both the path to parenthood and post-adoption adaptation. In fact, it confirms that waiting time influences the psychological well-being of adoptive parents. Therefore, it is possible to say that adoptive parents elaborate subjective theories about this process and especially in relation to the waiting time for adoption, explanations that could influence the way in which they face this new challenge and prepare for parenthood. The present study aimed to understand subjective theories about the waiting time and experiences of adoptive parenting. Ten adoptive mothers and fathers participated in this study through individual episodic interviews. The data obtained were analyzed using techniques of three analysis procedures: content based on Grounded Theory, specific for subjective theories and time perspective. From the findings, subjective theories of anxious emotional content during the adoption process stand out, since parents experience great uncertainty, either in terms of how long they can wait before being paired with a child or in terms of the perception of a lack of transparency regarding the real possibilities of adoption given their preferences and abilities, emotions will depend on the handling of information and the accompaniment that they have. The main coping strategies used by the adoptive parents were having a support network, sharing experiences with other parents and the use of personal strategies are the main adaptation strategies of adoptive parents, which they allow them to cope with negative feelings during the process. Also, their concerns focus on the lack of protection of children and the health conditions in which they are received, this given the possibility that they couldn't recover the child's integral health and that the period they have remained institutionalized is a risk factor for attachment. Regarding the limitations, it should be noted that emerging families such as reunified, homo or single-parent families were not included in this study, but rather it was focused on interviewing families whose configuration is considered to be traditional. Finally, important points to deepen in future research would be the study of subjective theories on adaptation of adoptive families with different configurations, also replicating studies that allow establishing the concept of waiting time in adoption and studies that include adoptive parenting experiences on parents of minors with health or developmental problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tropical Grasslands / Forrajes Tropicales is the property of International Centre for Tropical Agriculture - CIAT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La facturación electrónica se ha convertido en una tendencia, dado los beneficios dentro de los avances en el comercio electrónico. Las tecnologías y los factores que se integran en la adopción e implementación promueven la transformación de los modelos de negocio y el procesamiento de la información de forma eficiente y segura. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar tendencias investigativas en facturación electrónica, en el ámbito internacional, entre 1979 y 2022. La metodología planteó un enfoque exploratorio, a partir de un estudio bibliométrico, usando las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science, por medio de las cuales se obtuvieron 136 documentos académicos, analizados a través de una serie de indicadores de cantidad, calidad y estructura. Entre los hallazgos, se observó que el blockchain es una de las tecnologías con mayor relevancia para la protección de la información de las transacciones, siendo la seguridad un aspecto muy importante para los procesos de adopción, así como el gobierno electrónico y la computación en la nube. Por último, se concluye la importancia de este estudio, a partir del análisis de tendencias en la adopción de facturación electrónica, para la modernización y actualización de las operaciones organizacionales, y para el futuro investigativo del sector académico.

La lógica, tal como sostienen algunos autores, es una disciplina normativa. Nos dice qué está bien y qué está mal a la hora de inferir, e influye en nuestras prácticas inferenciales. Por otro lado, el problema de la adopción de Kripke y Padró propone que la idea de adoptar principios lógicos no tiene sentido o no es posible. Mediante una comparación con distintas interpretaciones de la idea de normatividad en la lógica, analizaré la compatibilidad entre ambas posturas. La aparente desconexión entre lo que es correcto y las prácticas de los agentes, sumada a la impotencia de las normas para influir en las prácticas inferenciales, llevarán a una conclusión poco alentadora para quienes quieran sostener ambas posturas: si aceptamos que el problema de la adopción es un problema real, entonces hay que borrar todo rastro de normatividad de nuestra concepción de la lógica.

El problema de la adopción, desarrollado por Kripke (2021) y elaborado por Padró (2015, 2021), ha generado considerable debate en la filosofía del lenguaje y de la lógica debido a sus consecuencias para las teorías de la racionalidad y la naturaleza de los principios lógicos. Se ha propuesto que existe una íntima relación entre este problema y el tipo de argumento de inconsistencia metarreferencial dirigido contra la defensa monista de una lógica no clásica. Esto ha llevado a pensar que la postura de Kripke contra la adopción de una lógica implica una crítica al monismo lógico no clásico. El presente trabajo evalúa las dificultades de interpretar de este modo el problema de la adopción, en la forma en que ha sido presentado por Barrio, Fiore y Pailos (2021). Se busca argumentar que esta interpretación ignora elementos clave tanto del argumento como de la conclusión de Kripke. Se avanza una lectura alternativa al problema, y se argumenta que reviste ventajas interpretativas y filosóficas. Se espera con esto aportar a la comprensión del complejo problema kripkeano, así como a su relación con las discusiones contemporáneas en torno al monismo lógico.

This research seeks to answer these questions by analyzing multiple empirical articles carried out at different times, in different countries, and with various innovations. The research is divided into three sections: first, it presents a chronology of the evolution of banks, their main innovations, and events that have modified the banking business model to adapt it to banking today. The second is based on bibliometric tools to present the primary references of the articles that analyze the relationship between innovation and bank profitability and its conceptual structure. Finally, the third section analyzes the concept of branchless banking and its factors. Three findings stand out: 1) according to the empirical literature consulted, it is concluded that innovation does affect profitability, 2) publications have grown in recent years, with China being the most productive country and the United States the most influential, and 3) The concept of branchless banking is a viable alternative to measure innovation in the Mexican banking sector.

Considering the new paradigm of adoption, insofar as a child or adolescent deprived of parental care is provided with an environment in which he/she can develop as fully as possible, an attempt will be made to identify the emotional factors that may have a negative or positive influence on the evolution of these processes and at what stage of the adoption process they do so, with a view to implementing early preventive or therapeutic measures. It will assess whether there are specific characteristics of the parent-child relationship in cases of adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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