Search

Cette recherche se propose de comprendre le vécu de 21 adolescents ayant été victimes d'harcèlement dans une visée préventive et thérapeutique. Après avoir proposé une définition consensuelle du harcèlement, nous avons rappelé les conséquences psychologiques d'une telle violence. À l'aide de l'analyse interprétative phénoménologique (IPA), soit une analyse qualitative du discours favorisant la compréhension de l'expérience vécue du harcèlement, nous avons dégagé 4 méta-thèmes : - la violence intériorisée ; - le harcèlement et les questionnements identitaires ; - le déficit d'aide ; - le harcèlement comme expérience de vie (c'est-à-dire qui potentialise des changements possibles). Après avoir décliné ces thèmes, nous avons discuté le harcèlement comme révélant des problématiques liées à l'adolescence et pouvant se comprendre comme un échec de la capacité à les penser (les transformations corporelles, le pubertaire, la relation aux autres). À l'issue de cette discussion, nous avons proposé des dispositifs pouvant mobiliser la symbolisation tels que le théâtre de l'opprimé, ou encore des groupes familles. This research proposes to understand the experiences of 21 teenage victims of harassment with a preventative and therapeutic aim. After the persons involved in the research arrived at a consensus around the definition of harassment, we re-examined the psychological impact and harmful consequences of such violence. Using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) as the approach to the qualitative analysis of the discourse that the research team used to understand the lived experience of harassment, we identified four sub-themes: - internalized violence; - harassment and the questioning of identity; - lack of support; - harassment as enabling possible changes. With these sub-themes in mind, the research group discussed harassment as exposing issues linked to adolescence, which also can be understood as including the inability to contemplate such issues (such as bodily transformations, puberty, relationships with others, etc.). At the end of our discussions we reflected and proposed various tools and approaches that could be used to "mobilize" (maybe stimulate?) symbolization capacity such as the theater of the oppressed or even of family groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mettre et remettre les souvenirs sur le métier, dans l'espoir de résoudre l'énigme du l'expression symptomatique d'une souffrance enfouie, constitue bien la réponse plus ou moins zélée du patient névrosé à l'attente implicite du psychanalyste. Le chapelet des souvenirs écrans vient ainsi s'égrener dans un champ d'attraction transférentiel, et fournit le matériau propre à édifier des ébauches successives de « biographie explicative ». Les souvenirs traumatiques les plus présents à la mémoire du patient ne tiennent souvent leur charge affective et émotionnelle que d'un effet d'après-coup et incitent à ouvrir d'autres voies de recherche régrédiente dans un passé plus ancien. Force est pourtant de constater que le thérapeute ne saurait avoir accès à de « purs souvenirs » et qu'au fil du temps n'affleurent que des souvenirs « pivots » autour desquels se tissent et se confortent les fantasmes. Or on connaît l'obstination dont Freud a continué de faire preuve, même après la révision de sa « neurotica », pour « découvrir les sources du Nil », c'est-à-dire accéder aux souvenirs les plus anciens : il est resté attaché à sa conception première selon laquelle les fantasmes ne sauraient émerger qu'à partir d'un antérieurement vécu. Les « constructions » du psychanalyste, échafaudées à partir de ses bases théoriques ont alors pour fonction de combler les lacunes de la mémoire et dans les cas favorables ont pour effet de relancer les associations du patient et faciliter l'émergence de souvenirs encore plus profondément enfouis. Elles sont aussi supposées constituer des hypothèses plausibles propres à reconstituer les traces d'un passé hors mémoire. Les souvenirs contribuent par ailleurs à forger le sentiment d'identité, viennent s'inscrire dans le « compromis identificatoire » de chacun. En conséquence, le rôle du psychothérapeute pourrait être de soutenir le travail du « je historien » que son patient tente d'effectuer en prenant en compte les récits de son entourage, les moments marquants de sa trajectoire et le souci de sa propre image. Il lui revient de l'aider à se détacher des versions officielles l'assignant à une place indiscutée dans la succession des générations ou la dynamique familiale. Dans cette perspective le travail psychothérapique cherche à valoriser les souvenirs qui ouvrent d'autres horizons, mais peut se heurter à des obstacles difficiles à vaincre. L'enfant en psychothérapie se préoccupe peu de revenir sur le passé, ce qui ne l'empêche pas de se montrer sensible au fait que son thérapeute puisse faire allusion au contenu de séances antérieures, ou lui rappeler ce dont il a pu être question au début de leur rencontre. La position de l'adolescent est foncièrement différente, il lui arrive certes de mal supporter qu'on pointe chez lui le rôle persistant de l'infantile alors qu'il tente de se faire reconnaître dans son identité adolescente. Il peut cependant retrouver le plaisir de raconter, de se raconter, au fil des suggestions de formulation ou de reformulation du thérapeute. Les cas de figure sont naturellement très différents d'un adolescent à l'autre en fonction de l'organisation psychopathologique sous-jacente. Certains adolescents semblent ne disposer d'aucun souvenir ou avoir fait du passé « table rase », d'autres paraissent prisonniers d'un accrochage nostalgique à une enfance merveilleuse, ou rivés à un passé douloureux à jamais accablant. Ainsi le thérapeute aura selon les circonstances à assumer un rôle de prospecteur, d'archiviste, de réinterprète, d'historien, voire d'embrayeur d'histoire. Remembering, again and again, to solve the enigma of a symptomatic expression related to a burrowed suffering, such is the response of a more or less zealous neurotic patient to his or her psychoanalyst's implicit expectations. The stream of screen memories is churned out in a transference field of attraction and renders the suitable material to develop successive drafts of a "explanatory biography". Traumatic memories which are the most present in the patient's memory often get their affective and emotional charge from an afterwardsness effect and invite one to pursue research in other regredient ways towards an older past. It is evident though that the therapist is not able to reach "pure memories", and that in the course of time only "pivotal" memories show up around which fantasies spin and strengthen. Yet we know about Freud's persistence, even after he gave up on his "Neurotica" in "searching for the source of the Nile", that is to say having access to the oldest memories, and how he hung onto his first conception according to which fantasies would only emerge from a previous experience. The constructions from the psychoanalyst, put together based on his theoretical bedrock, have thus the function of filling in the gaps of memory and in favourable cases allow the patient's associations to be revitalised and help the emergence of even more concealed memories. They are also supposed to be plausible hypotheses for the reconstruction of traces from a non-memorable past. Memories also contribute to forge a sense of identity and come within the scope of everyone's "identificatory compromise". Consequently, the therapist's role could consist of supporting the work of the "I, historian" his patient is trying to make, taking into account the narratives from his kin, the noteworthy moments in the course of his life, and the way he cares about his self-image. It comes down to the therapist to help the patient with splitting off from the official versions which summon him to an incontestable place in the generations succession or in the family dynamics. In this perspective, the psychotherapeutic work aims to give value to the memories that might lead to new prospects but may encounter difficult obstacles to overcome. A child in psychotherapy is barely preoccupied by remembering the past, which does not prevent him from being sensitive to the fact that his therapist might make references to material from former sessions or remind him what was going on at the moment they met. A teenager's position is fundamentally different: he might not tolerate being relegated to the persistent role of the infantile when he is trying to be acknowledged in his teenage identity. He can, however, rediscover the pleasure of telling, portraying himself as the therapist suggests wordings and rewordings. Naturally, each case appears to be different from one teenager to another, depending on the underlying psychopathological organisation of their personality. Some of them seem to have no memory or to have wiped out the past, while others seem to be nostalgically shackled by an idealised childhood or are riveted to a painful past, everlastingly overwhelming. Thus, depending on the circumstances, the therapist will have to take on roles such as the prospector, the archivist, the re-interpreter, the historian or even the one who engages the process of a life history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence‐supported treatment for adolescents with binge‐eating disorder (BED). Executive dysfunctions, which are associated with binge eating and elevated body weight in youth, may undermine CBT outcomes by making it difficult for youth to engage with or adhere to treatment, including recalling and/or implementing intervention strategies in real‐world contexts. Methods: We assessed 73 adolescents [82.2% female; Mage = 15.0 ± 2.5 year; M baseline standardized body mass index (zBMI) = 1.9 ± 1.0 kg/m2] with BED at baseline, posttreatment, 6‐, 12‐, and 24‐month follow‐up. Linear mixed models examined the effects of baseline executive functioning (EF) on loss of control (LOC) eating and weight change following CBT. Linear and logistic regressions probed associations between EF, attendance, and attrition. Results: More impulsive decision‐making, as reflected in higher baseline scores on the Iowa Gambling Task, predicted better attendance (β =.07; p =.019) and more frequent LOC eating following treatment (β =.12; p =.017). Lower cognitive flexibility, as reflected in lower baseline T‐scores on the Comprehensive Trail Making Test complex sequencing index, predicted higher zBMI following treatment (β = −.03; p =.003). Inhibition, concentration, attention, and parent‐reported EF behavior symptoms were not associated with outcome, attendance, or attrition. Conclusions: More impulsive decision‐making and lower cognitive flexibility were associated with suboptimal response to CBT for BED, although findings should be interpreted with caution in light of the sample size and waitlist control design. Future research should examine whether strengthening EF could improve eating and weight outcomes among adolescents with BED who have lower pre‐treatment EF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study aimed to explore the barriers to spiritual health in adolescents. Methods and Materials: This research employed a qualitative content analysis approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews to gather data. The study sample included 12 adolescents (born between 2003 and 2009), 8 parents, and 7 experts in spiritual health and adolescent psychology, all residing in Tehran. Data were collected over 2022-2023 through in-depth interviews, coded, and categorized into thematic areas. Participants were selected using purposive sampling until saturation was reached. The data analysis followed the Graneheim and Lundman (2004) content analysis methodology. Findings: The study identified multiple barriers to adolescent spiritual health, categorized into environmental, belief-based, cognitive, behavioral, educational, and psychological-emotional themes. Key factors included urban distractions, social media, doubts about religious beliefs, religious laxity, instrumental use of religion, emotional instability, perfectionism, and lack of educational support. Adolescents were found to grapple with existential questions, self-identity issues, and a lack of understanding or support from their environment, leading to mental and spiritual conflicts. Conclusion: Spiritual health in adolescents is deeply influenced by family, education, and environmental factors. Despite the innate potential for spiritual growth, external barriers such as excessive technological exposure, parental pressure, and societal distractions can hinder spiritual development. Policymakers and educators should focus on reducing these barriers by fostering supportive environments and integrating spiritual health into adolescent development programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of teenagers’ engagement with internet pornography and their involvement in leisure reading. Additionally, it examined the influence of peer groups and family environments on the formation of habitus. Employing a survey research approach, the findings revealed that students utilized smartphones for accessing a variety of information and engaging in leisure reading activities. The roles and influences of peers and family members were identified as habitus factors that could shape teenagers’ tendencies to participate in these activities. The research also uncovered habitus elements that influenced teenagers in developing these behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the relationship between various environmental capabilities (physical, social, leisure, and emotional) and adolescent well-being across multiple dimensions (physical, emotional, and social well-being). Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 737 adolescents aged 12 to 19 in Tabriz, Iran, in 2022. The study focused on selected sites displaying specific adolescent behaviours in urban spaces, including natural, commercial, sports, urban pathways and intersections, and cultural settings. The questionnaires were used to evaluate environmental capabilities as independent variables and adolescent well-being as the dependent variable.Multivariate regression Analyses were employed to examine the impact of environmental capabilities on adolescent well-being within the defined typologies of urban spaces. The regression analysis unveiled that the commercial sites significantly influenced adolescent well-being, particularly physical well-being (regression coefficient = 0.437). It was found that environmental capabilities, categorized as physical, social, leisure, and emotional, assume a pivotal role in adolescents' well-being across physical, emotional, and social dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how different migration backgrounds-non-migrants, newly-arrived migrants, first-generation migrants, and second-generation migrants-affect the mental and social wellbeing of adolescents. Data from two cross-sectional surveys in 2022 in Flanders, Belgium, included 17,639 adolescents (52% boys; aged 11–19). We analysed the association between migration background and four outcomes: depression symptoms (WHO-5 Wellbeing Index), and general-, social-, and emotional-loneliness (Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale), whilst accounting for age and sex differences. Our findings indicate that migration background significantly influences all four outcomes. Newly-arrived migrants showed the highest likelihood of experiencing depression (OR = 2.08) and loneliness (general OR = 2.12; social OR = 2.32; emotional OR = 2.89), when compared to their non-migrant peers. Similarly, non-newcomer first-generation and second-generation migrants also faced a higher risk of depression and loneliness compared to non-migrants. This study highlights the persistent challenges that migration poses for adolescents' social and mental wellbeing, and the extreme vulnerability of newly-arrived migrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aims of the present research were to understand the reasons why adolescents stop using mobile applications and to discover the objective and subjective evaluation of mobile applications for physical activity by adolescents. A 10-week quasi-experimental design involving four experimental groups of adolescents who used mobile apps. A total of 240 adolescents aged 12–16 years participated in the research. The level of physical activity and the assessment of the apps used were recorded. The results showed an increase in physical activity after the intervention. The main reasons for not using the apps were that adolescents found the interface complex, or the apps did not work on their mobiles. Pokémon Go showed a greater entertainment and customization than the rest of the apps. It can be concluded that the abandonment of mobile app interventions is due to the fact that they are not designed for use in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exercise tracking technology use is associated with exercise psychopathology in adolescents; however, research is yet to identify components of such technology that can predict maladaptive exercise at this age. This research assessed the relationship between exercise tracking technology use and exercise psychopathology in adolescents. Development of a new measure of exercise tracking behaviours/attitudes was also conducted. Adolescents (N = 327; aged 12–15, mean = 13.64 years (SD =.95); n = 168 girls) participated in this multi-phase study. Following factor analysis to develop and validate the new measure, relationships between exercise tracking behaviours/attitudes and compulsive exercise were explored. Key components of such technology (e.g. pressure to achieve exercise-related goals) were significantly associated with higher compulsive exercise in adolescents. However, using technology to simply monitor their own exercise behaviours was significantly associated with positive exercise and mental wellbeing outcomes. Prospective research should assess how exercise tracking can predict exercise psychopathology changes and mental wellbeing throughout adolescent development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Youth terminology, largely invented and spawned by social networks spanning the ages of adolescence to young adulthood, embodies a connotative reality that, at times, extends well beyond the conventional use of the language. This study investigates the acceptance degree of youth terms across different age groups in China. It adopts language ideology as the theoretical framework and combines it with Bronislaw Malinowski's language value. The researcher gets responses (N = 226) among people aged from 10 to 70 with a high level of acceptance towards youth terminology in Chinese society generally. It reveals that the underlying language ideology, alongside the specific meanings or concepts emblematic of such ideology, significantly influences acceptance levels. Notably, individuals between 40 and 70 years preferred terms imbued with positive connotations that resonate with their life experiences. Youth are more concentrated on whether terms can help them express themselves effectively and effortlessly, as they coined youth terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to investigate the effect of social media on adolescents' digital life quality based on the descriptive analytical approach. It includes two questionnaires about using social media and the quality of digital life. Participants (N = 192) are adolescents residing in the UAE who study in middle and high schools and range in age from 13 to 16. They come from Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, and Ras Al-Khaimah Emirates. Findings show the significant role of social media in enhancing adolescents' Digital Quality of Life. Findings also indicate statistically significant differences between respondents' interests when using media applications in favour of those with scientific interests; they score the highest mean, 4.62. Also, there are statistically significant differences between the respondents when choosing their favourite means of communication; the differences favour Facebook by an arithmetic mean of 4.50, TikTok 4.39, Instagram 4.26, X 3.88, and Telegram 3.79. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child and adolescent participation for health promotion can be realized through participatory action research (PAR). However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the concrete steps needed to actualize empowerment within PAR. We propose a framework that outlines six elements that need to be considered when designing a PAR study that strives to actualize child and adolescent empowerment. These are 1) Safeguarding the necessary resources; 2) Having high quality adult facilitation; 3) Enabling sense-making activities and 4) Investing in capacity building. These four elements make up an environment that may nourish children and adolescents' social, emotional and cognitive development that may potentially lead to 5) Positive child and adolescent development and 6) Participatory competence. The proposed framework adopts a holistic approach by considering the lived reality of children and adolescents and their capabilities and characteristics. Future research is needed to assess the practical utility of the framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and factors influencing perceptions among adolescents living in Son La, a mountainous region in Vietnam. A total of 382 adolescents participated in the study, with 59.7% girls and 40.3% boys. Findings revealed that the level of knowledge of SRH among adolescents in Son La is markedly different among girls and boys, where girls exhibited higher knowledge compared to boys in all aspects surveyed. The average SRH perception score was moderate (21.7 ± 8.05; maximum score = 33). Adolescents' understanding of sexual intercourse, misconceptions related to first-time sexual experiences, and awareness of contraceptive methods were significantly associated with SRH perception scores. These findings underscore the need for targeted health education interventions in mountainous areas, emphasizing the importance of enhancing SRH knowledge and awareness among all adolescents, with gender-specific needs. Such efforts can contribute to improved SRH outcomes among adolescents in these regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiences of loneliness are common during adolescence and previous research has shown these experiences to be related to physical and mental ill-being. However, there is limited knowledge of one kind of loneliness during adolescence – existential loneliness – which can challenge the possibilities of offering adequate support. Narrations of experiences in retrospect may lead to a deepened understanding of a phenomenon. Therefore, this study aims to describe the phenomenon of existential loneliness during adolescence through Swedish university students' retrospective written narratives (n = 67). The study has a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach, and the data were analysed inductively. The findings show that existential loneliness during adolescence means feeling empty and lost while painfully trapped in an alienating borderland in the search for belonging, sense of self, and meaning. This knowledge can be used as a basis for the development of interventions aiming at supporting adolescents' well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good sleep contributes to health and performance. However, insufficient and poor sleep are very common among adolescents today. This study examines cross-national differences in adolescents' sleep and activity patterns across Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, and the UK, using an innovative 24-hour time-use approach with time-diary data (N = 25,248 diaries; mean age 15.4 years; 50.3% girls). Sleep duration ranges from 7:21 hours (South Korea) to 8:46 hours (South Africa, UK) on schooldays and from 9:13 hours (South Korea) to 10:33 hours (Netherlands) on non-schooldays. South Africa shows the earliest and Spain the latest sleep onsets and wake-up-times. Insufficient sleep duration (i.e. less than 8 hours) ranges from 19% (South Africa) to 69% (South Korea) on schooldays. Activity patterns before sleep (e.g. eating, screen time, studying) also differ strongly across countries. Our findings could support policy makers in developing effective strategies to improve adolescent sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many existing measures of adolescent wellbeing tend to overlook the perspectives of children and are frequently one-dimensional or designed for specific contexts. We argue that a comprehensive assessment of wellbeing should cover multiple aspects of a child's wellbeing and that this cannot be done using a single dimension or a limited selection of items. This study aimed to develop and show the initial validation for the Winchester Adolescent Wellbeing Scale (WAWS). We adopted a person-based participatory approach where the inclusion of children's perspectives was used to define wellbeing and develop the structure of the scale. This ensured children's voices and experiences were central to the instrument's creation. The five-factor scale, validated with 422 adolescents aged 11–16, demonstrated robust model fit (RMSEA = 0.07, χ2/d.f. = 2.23, TLI = 0.91, CFI = 0.92) and internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha exceeding 0.8 across subdimensions). The WAWS has theoretical significance through incorporating adolescents' perspectives and offering a context-independent and multifaceted wellbeing scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the magnitude of current drug use and its associated factors among randomly selected 3227 in-school adolescents in eastern Ethiopia using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires adapted from the Global School-Based Health Survey. The magnitude of current drug use among in-school adolescents was 5.67% (95% CI: 4.92–6.52). Rural residence (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.43; 3.54), social media use (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.75; 3.65), being bullied by others at school (AOR = 8.34, 95% CI: 5.67; 12.56), having a father who used drugs (AOR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.38; 3.39), and having low self-esteem (AOR = 5.83, 95% CI: 2.77; 12.27) were significantly associated with increased odds of current drug use. The magnitude of current drug use is high. The findings highlight that interventions should focus on rural dwellers, social media users, bully victims, adolescents whose fathers use drugs, and adolescents with low self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of people, especially adolescents. Although the negative impact of the pandemic has been described, studies on the role of protective factors in this population remain scarce. Using a mediation model approach, we examined the relationship between emotional well-being, self-compassion, and basic psychological needs in adolescents at school during the pandemic. Adolescents attending schools in northern Portugal (1092; 511 boys and 581 girls; aged 12 to 18 years) completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Self-Compassion Scale – Youth Version, and the Adolescents' Basic Psychological Needs at School Scale. Boys reported higher positive affect, emotional well-being, and self-compassion than girls. A significant positive association between adolescents' self-compassion and satisfaction of basic psychological needs at school was mediated by emotional well-being. The findings highlight the protective role of emotional well-being, self-compassion, and basic psychological needs during challenging times, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated whether non-drinking adolescents (n = 195), with no previous experience with alcohol, differed over time from drinking adolescents (n = 406). Potential differences in psychological health (mental well-being, psychosomatic symptoms, conduct problems), social interaction frequencies (new friends, time spent with friends and social interaction through a screen device), psychoactive substance use, and positive attitudes towards alcohol was investigated. Additionally, the study examined whether these attributes in 9th grade could predict total abstinence two years later. Non-drinkers were consistently characterized by fewer social interactions, less positive attitudes towards alcohol, a lower probability of using other drugs, and fewer conduct problems from 14 to 17 years, which may imply a more introverted personality function. This study contributes insights into predicting factors linked to alcohol abstinence in adolescence, particularly the characteristics of non-drinking adolescents in a society where a declining trend of alcohol consumption is emerging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study applied a life-course approach with 64 Jordanian and Syrian adolescents (15–19 years old) to understand when and how sociocultural norms are internalized and shaped the gender identity of adolescents passing from childhood to adulthood. The study participants reflected on important life events that shaped their sexual and gender identity in in-depth interviews using visual timelines. Data were analysed using narrative qualitative methods. The participants described the end of childhood as an essential transition point in forming gender-roles and identity. Normative gender role expectations were internalized through two social processes: nature vs. nurture and the public sphere is for men, while the private sphere is for women. Through these processes, the participants gradually adopted stereotypical adult gender roles culturally present in Jordan. The adolescents highlighted gender inequalities and double social standards as they evaluated the impact of restrictive gender norms on the evolution of their stereotypical gender roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A great deal of investigation has been devoted to studying whether academic achievement is linked to adolescents' life satisfaction, whereas limited studies have focused on conduct achievement, which serves as another common kind of achievement in school. To examine the association between conduct achievement and life satisfaction, two studies were conducted using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design with a two-phase model. Study 1 (quantitative phase) demonstrated longitudinal evidence for the positive effect of conduct achievement on adolescents' life satisfaction. Critically, the lagged effect was also moderated by interdependent self-construal, with the beneficial effect becoming stronger for adolescents high in interdependent self-construal. Study 2 (qualitative phase) generated two main themes and four subthemes to understand the meaning and impact of conduct achievement to adolescents. Thematic analysis revealed that conduct achievement was regarded as a partial and subjective assessment by teachers and might elicit a positive perception of the teacher-student relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) has a protective role in adolescence, linked to better well-being and social interactions. However, research on these topics with adolescent samples is limited and has not yet been systematized in the field. The present work aims to scrutinize the extant trait EI literature and adolescent psychological well-being. Since operationalization is crucial for any EI model, the review focused on studies that used the adolescent forms of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). A search conducted in EBSCO Essentials, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Psyc Articles in October 2023 identified 34 articles. Findings are discussed under five subsections: gender differences, psychological constructs, parental relations, scholastic constructs, and practice-oriented topics. The review corroborates the protective role of trait EI in adolescent psychological well-being. Future studies should aspire to extend research in cross-cultural settings with more rigorous designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addiction to social media addiction is considered a leading risk factor for depression among adolescents, but the relationship needs to be supported empirically. This study investigates the social media addiction level and its association with depression among Malaysian adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing a structured questionnaire to potential respondents aged 13 to 21 years old from Johor and Sarawak. Data were analysed in SPSS using descriptive statistics, correlation, and Chi-square tests. Overall, 72.0% and 33.0% of the 384 respondents recorded high levels of social media addiction and depression, respectively. A significant and low positive relationship was detected between social media addiction and depression among adolescents. The levels of social media addiction and depression differed across age groups, gender, race, and the time spent on social media platforms. These findings reflect the need to address excessive social media usage among adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pubertal timing and pubertal developmental status or stage have been associated with the rates of externalizing problems among youth, particularly in vulnerable developmental contexts including cultures undergoing rapid transformations. The present study tested the extent to which pubertal timing and pubertal developmental status were associated with delinquent and aggressive behaviours, in girls and boys. It also tested whether sex moderated these relationships. Data were collected from N = 1,342 Kosovar adolescents (665 girls; M age = 13.26 years, SD = 1.27; 677 boys M age = 13.19 years, SD = 1.31). No associations were found for the relationship between pubertal timing and externalizing problems in boys and girls. The findings provided support for a positive association between pubertal developmental status/stage and both delinquent and aggressive behaviours, in both girls and boys. The study highlights that pubertal timing and pubertal status/stage have important yet independent effects on externalizing problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Based on the Combined Cognitive Biases Hypothesis, the current study via two parallel studies aims to explore the potential mediating role of attention biases and attention control regarding the link between trait mindfulness and psychological stress in adolescents. Methods: For Study 1, we collected self‐reported data from 2123 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 15.6 years, SD = 2.37; 52.8% female) in four schools. The participants completed measures of trait mindfulness, perceived stress, and attention bias. Mediation analysis was employed to investigate the potential mediating effect of attention bias. In Study 2, 123 participants (mean age = 17.7 years, SD = 2.68; 41.46% female) completed the attention network task after inducing attention bias. Then, trait mindfulness and perceived stress were measured. Mediation analysis was employed to investigate the potential mediating effect of attention control (alerting, orienting, and conflict monitoring) under attention bias. Results: Study 1 demonstrated a significant mediating effect of negative attention bias ([−0.13, −0.07], p <.05) but not positive attention bias in the relationship between trait mindfulness and psychological stress. Study 2 revealed that conflict monitoring in negative attention bias ([−0.41, −0.16], p <.05), rather than alerting and orienting in negative attention bias, showed a significant mediating effect on the association between trait mindfulness and psychological stress. Conclusions: Findings from the two studies suggest that conflict monitoring during negative attention bias may be the underlying mechanism through which trait mindfulness helps mitigate psychological stress in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The assessment of online health‐related information presents a significant challenge for today's youth. Using the Processing of Commercial Media Content (PCMC) model, we investigated the impact of advertising on the perceived credibility of informational content concerning fitness (in boys) and dietary supplements (in girls). Methods: In a survey‐based preregistered experiment, 681 Czech adolescents (aged 13–18, 52% girls) were randomly assigned to three groups and exposed to websites with a banner ad, a native ad, or simple informational text without an ad. Results: The presence of ads on websites diminishes the perceived credibility of informational content. While we did not observe the difference between banner and native advertising, we found one gender‐specific difference. Specifically, boys perceive informational content linked with native ads as more credible compared to girls. Additionally, no difference was found between younger and older adolescents. Adolescents demonstrated success in identifying both types of advertisements, irrespective of their age. Conclusions: The findings are discussed in light of individual differences and various approaches to processing online content. It appears that adolescents are accustomed to native advertising, which seamlessly integrates with traditional banner ads. Moreover, it is plausible that boys assess advertising texts more heuristically and less systematically than girls. Contrary to PCMC expectations, even younger adolescents seem to possess sufficient skills to identify the advertisements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Understanding adolescent racial/ethnic and gender disparities in suicidal ideation and attempts longitudinally can help curb future suicidal risk. Methods: Survey data (1994–2008) from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health study, n = 18,887) examined racial/ethnic and gender ideation and attempt disparities over four waves of data from across the United States (51% female; 51% White; Mage = 17.43 years at Wave 1). Repeated‐measures latent class analyses described how ideation and attempt patterns present longitudinally and how racial/ethnic minority groups predict different classes based on each wave and age‐appropriate social supports (i.e., parents, peers). Results: Those most at‐risk disclosed ideation and some attempt risk in early adolescence (Waves 1 and 2) and mostly identified as female. The second most prevalent group first disclosed ideation in their 20s and predominately identified as non‐Hispanic White females. Peer connections were not significant for most groups except for non‐Hispanic White males in Wave 3, while Black females who reported stronger school connections had decreased ideation and attempt rates in Wave 1 but not 2 (just 1 year later). A negative link between social supports and high‐risk ideation and attempt classes was found among Black females, non‐Hispanic Whites, and Latinos overall. Conclusions: As the United States becomes more diverse, understanding the unique ideation and attempt disparities are crucial. Tailoring interventions to include risk and protective mechanisms among intersectional communities could eradicate disparities. Longitudinal studies can illuminate how protective and risk factors can change over time and even within and among racial/ethnic and gender groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Early adolescents who are new to Canada experience dual challenges of navigating developmental changes and multiple cultures. This study examined how changes in early adolescents' emotional health from ages 9 to 12 differed by immigration background, and to what extent peer belonging and supportive school climate protected or promoted their emotional health. Methods: This study drew upon linked self‐report and administrative data. Across 10 school districts in British Columbia, Canada, N = 4479 non‐immigrant, immigrant, and refugee adolescents reported on their peer belonging, school climate, and emotional health (life satisfaction, optimism, self‐esteem, sadness, worries) in Grades 4 and 7, using the Middle Years Development Instrument. Immigration background including immigration class (economic, family, refugee) and generation status (first, second) were obtained from linked Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada data. Multi‐level modeling assessed the effect of time (grade level), immigration group, and changes in peer belonging and school climate on changes in self‐reported emotional health. Analyses were adjusted for gender, English first language, and low family income. Results: Immigrant and refugee adolescents reported worse emotional health in Grade 4 compared to non‐immigrants. Non‐immigrant and immigrant adolescents reported declines in emotional health from Grades 4 to 7. In contrast, first‐generation refugee adolescents reported significant improvements in life satisfaction, and first‐ and second‐generation refugees reported improvements in worries over this period. Perceived improvements in peer belonging and school climate were associated with positive changes in emotional health for all adolescents. Conclusions: Changes in adolescents' emotional health from Grades 4 to 7 differed between immigrants, refugees, and non‐immigrants. Immigrants and refugees who enter adolescence with lower emotional health than their non‐immigrant peers may particularly benefit from culturally responsive school and community‐based interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Research demonstrates that child maltreatment can negatively impact adolescent peer relationships. It is not well understood, however, how the type of maltreatment and its timing (when it occurs) affects the dimensions of peer relationship quality (i.e., companionship, conflict, satisfaction, and intimacy) and differences between genders. This study examines the effects of type and timing of child maltreatment on peer relationship quality, while also exploring the role of gender differences. Methods: This study involved 851 adolescents (56.1% girls, 56.2% Black, and 26.8% low‐income) drawn from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN). We used Child Protective Services' information for the type and timing of child maltreatment, along with self‐reports of peer relationship quality. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEEs) were conducted. Results: Sexual abuse and neglect during adolescence were associated with less satisfaction and lower levels of companionship, respectively. Physical abuse during middle childhood was associated with lower levels of intimacy. We also found interactions between gender and type and timing of maltreatment. Compared to girls, boys exhibited lower levels of companionship and satisfaction if they experienced sexual abuse during adolescence. Conclusion: These findings suggest a need for maltreatment‐prevention efforts targeting school‐aged children and adolescents, as well as gender‐sensitive interventions for high‐risk boys with a history of maltreatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Parent‐adolescent relationships and school connectedness are critical promotive factors for adolescent self‐compassion. However, little is known about how the magnitude of the associations between these protective factors and self‐compassion changes across continuous age groups and whether gender differences exist in the age‐varying associations. This study aims to investigate (1) the age‐varying associations of parent‐adolescent relationships and school connectedness with self‐compassion using time‐varying effect modeling and (2) how their age‐varying associations may differ by gender. Methods: A total of 14,776 adolescents aged 10–18 (mean age = 13.53 ± 2.08, 52.3% males) from Shenzhen, China participated in this study. All adolescents completed the online questionnaires in the school computer rooms. Results: The results showed that both parent‐adolescent relationships and school connectedness were positively associated with adolescent self‐compassion, and the magnitudes fluctuated with age. Specifically, the association between parent‐adolescent relationships and self‐compassion peaked for adolescents in early adolescence, with the key timing for girls (age group of 10 years old) being slightly earlier than boys (age group of 11 years old). The association between school connectedness and self‐compassion was stronger for boys in the early years of adolescence (in the age group of 12.7 years), while stronger for girls during middle adolescence (in the age group of 14.0 years). Overall, girls were more sensitive to connections with parents and schools than boys during most age groups. Conclusions: The findings demonstrated differential key timing for boys and girls regarding family‐ and school‐based intervention to cultivate self‐compassion and highlighted the importance of maintaining strong connections with families and schools for cultivating adolescent self‐compassion, particularly for girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Many adolescents are in their first romantic relationship; at the same time, depressive symptoms generally increase during this developmental stage. In adults, equity of support in romantic relationships is associated with less depressive symptoms—especially in female partners, who are generally on "the losing side" of support transactions with male partners. This study examines whether equity of dyadic coping is associated with depressive symptoms in adolescent mixed‐gender couples. We disentangle equity of positive and negative dyadic coping, as differential effects might arise. Methods: Self‐report data on dyadic coping and depressive symptoms were gathered from 124 mixed‐gender couples aged between 16 and 21 years living in Switzerland between 2011 and 2013. Equity of dyadic coping was quantified by calculating the difference between received dyadic coping and provided dyadic coping for each partner separately. These difference scores and the overall level of dyadic coping were used to predict depressive symptoms in both partners using an Actor‐Partner‐Interdependence Model. Results: For female adolescents, we found the expected curvilinear association between equity of negative dyadic coping behaviors and depressive symptoms (actor effect). Additionally, the female perception of equity of positive dyadic coping was correlated with less depressive symptoms in male partners (partner effect). For male adolescents, receiving more positive dyadic coping than they provided was associated with more depressive symptoms (actor effect). Discussion: In female partners, results resembled those in adult mixed‐gender couples. In male partners, results changed depending on the direction of inequity—possibly due to gender role development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The supply of elite professionals is crucial for economic development, yet little is understood about the appeal and influencing factors of these careers among young people across different economies. It remains unclear whether adolescents in academically high‐performing economies growingly expect emerging technological jobs in response to evolving workforce demands. Methods: This research used the Programme for International Student Assessment 2000–2018 data in 24 high‐performing educational systems to examine the two‐decade trends in adolescents' expectations for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM), medicine, law, business, and teaching careers. The popularity trend of these careers and the major impacts of gender, socioeconomic status, and academic ability were examined with multilevel logistic regression models. Results: The findings indicated that developed economies such as Singapore, Canada, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom have successfully attracted a greater proportion of students to elite careers. In contrast, many high‐performing Asian economies, such as Korea, Japan, and Taipei, have not. STEM and medical fields primarily drew students with high math abilities, whereas legal professions attracted those with superior reading skills. Although girls generally expected teaching and legal careers and boys expected STEM fields, social and gender differences have narrowed over the past decades. Conclusions: Many Western developed economies effectively attract a larger share of adolescents to STEM careers than their Asian counterparts. Although gender and social disparities persist, their impact has diminished. Effective human resource planning should be based on each country's unique trends and influencing factors to promote greater equality and inclusion in the workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adolescents' academic achievement is closely associated with their future time perspective. However, the reciprocal nature of this relationship remains ambiguous due to a lack of longitudinal studies. This study investigated the developmental trajectories of future time perspective and academic achievement among adolescents, as well as reciprocal relations between future time perspective and academic achievement. Methods: Between 2017 and 2019, we collected 373 adolescents' (baseline Mage = 14.48, SD = 1.90; 49% girls) future time perspective and academic achievement four times from Henan and Hunan Province, China. Each is separated by a 6‐month interval. Results: Chinese adolescents' future time perspective was relatively stable. Regarding academic achievement, two distinct developmental trajectories of academic achievement were identified (i.e., high positive growth class and low negative growth class). Those who excel tended to experience an upward trajectory, while those with poorer grades continued to experience a downward trajectory. In the high positive growth class, the intercept of future time perspective was positively correlated with the rate of academic achievement growth, whereas, in the low negative growth class, it negatively predicted the rate of academic achievement decline. More importantly, reciprocal relations existed between future time perspective and academic achievement. Conclusions: Adolescents' future time perspective may serve as a protective factor for academic achievement, while high academic achievement may also benefit future time perspective. Interventions to enhance academic achievement should prioritize cultivating adolescents' future perspectives. Additionally, preventing the adverse consequences of subpar academic achievement on future time perspective is imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Previous research linked problematic mobile social media use to non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI). However, little research explored the underlying mechanism. Drawing on the social displacement hypothesis, which suggests that excessive social media use may disrupt offline social interactions, leading to negative emotional experiences, the study employs a longitudinal design to explore the relationship between problematic mobile social media use and NSSI, with a specific emphasis on the mediating role of self‐disgust. Methods: A total of 1,684 Chinese adolescents (52.3% females; Mage = 14.59 years, SDage = 1.27) completed self‐report questionnaires regarding problematic mobile social media use, self‐disgust, and NSSI. The assessment was conducted in three waves, 6 months apart. Results: Using latent growth curve and structural equation modeling, our study observed a consistent linear decline in NSSI levels over time. Higher initial NSSI levels correlated with a slower reduction. Problematic mobile social media use positively influenced the initial level of NSSI. Additionally, self‐disgust played a mediating role in the relationship between problematic mobile social media use and NSSI. Conclusions: The study underscores the importance of understanding the emotional experiences behind social media use, beyond mere usage duration. By revealing the mediating role of self‐disgust, it provides new insights into the complex interplay between problematic mobile social media use and adolescent NSSI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Adolescent bullying may result from a combination of traits, such as delinquency, and sociocultural influences, such as a culture of violence. This study examined whether physical fighting and national homicide rates were associated with adolescent bullying using a multinational sample. Methods: Data were sourced from the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study and linked to the 2018 World Health Organization national homicide rates. After we excluded incomplete survey responses (n = 21,695) and six countries for which data on adolescent bullying behavior or alcohol use were unavailable, we obtained a final sample involving 179,097 adolescents from 40 countries/regions. Data on bullying behaviors and physical fighting were dichotomized (0 = never, 1 = at least once) for ease of interpretation. Multilevel logistic regressions were also conducted. Results: Bullying prevalence varied significantly across countries (6.62%–51.70%). The null model revealed country-level differences in adolescent bullying behaviors (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.11). The random intercept model indicated that adolescents who reported physical fighting had a higher likelihood of engaging in bullying behaviors (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.88–3.04). Living in countries with higher homicide rates was associated with an increased likelihood of engaging in bullying behaviors (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.12–1.34). Conclusions: Physical fighting and national homicide rates are risk factors for adolescent bullying. These findings highlight the requirement for intervention programs targeting both individual behaviors and broader social contexts to prevent bullying and promote safer environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes and evaluates the procedure for the development and validation of the bullying victimisation scale for Pakistani young people aged 12–18 years. During phase I, a total of 60 participants aged from 13 to 17 years were selected by using a multistage sampling strategy for item generation for bullying victimisation. In phase II, empirical validation was carried out by 10 experienced clinical psychologists for the cultural relevance of the scale. In phase III, a pilot study was carried out on 20 participants for testing the layout of the bullying victimisation scale (BVS). In the final phase, a total of 780 participants were selected through a multi-stage sampling within the age range of 12–18 years (M = 14.78, SD = 1.33) and were given a demographic Proforma, BVS, and School Children Problem Scale. Factor analysis identified a three-factor solution for bullying victimisation, consisting of emotional bullying, verbal bullying, and physical bullying. The current findings have implications for psychological and educational professionals for the identification and management of social and emotional problems in children resulting from bullying victimisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy (2023) has declared that America is experi encing an "epidemic" and "health-care crisis" related to loneliness. Although Alfred Adler is not alive to respond to this dismaying situation, his life and writings offer a vital direction for understanding the nature of this epidemic and reacting appropriately. As Adler's biographer, I focus on four relevant causal factors concerning chronic loneliness among adolescents and young adults today: intrapsychic, familial, pedagogic, and wider societal forces. Relevant inter ventions are then discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there is an exponential rise in the literature on gratitude research, there is no attempt to systematically identify the historical development and recent trends in gratitude research. Gratitude has been defined diversely as an emotion, an attitude, a moral virtue, a habit, a personality trait or a coping response. As an emotion, people experience gratitude when they receive something valuable from someone else. As a trait, it is defined as a tendency to recognise and respond to goodness in others. The present study uses bibliometric analysis to review gratitude publications from the last 20 years, that is from 2001 to September 2023. WoS (Web of Science) identified 2982 publications referring to gratitude in title, abstract or keywords. It comprised 2860 articles and 122 review papers. The extracted data were analysed and visualised with the help of two analytical tools, that is the WoS analysis and VOSviewer (version 1.6.16). This study elicits the number of publications and citations from 2001 to September 2023, and most cited publications, and the most influential authors, articles, publishers, universities and countries as performance analysis. Furthermore, collaboration among countries, keyword co‐occurrence and recent trend analysis are employed through science mapping. The results reveal that the major research areas of gratitude research are psychology, social sciences, business economics, psychiatry and public environmental and occupational health. The keywords co‐occurrence suggest five major research clusters: evolutionary studies of gratitude, gratitude and health, gratitude and positive psychology, gratitude among children and adolescent and mediating and moderating studies of gratitude. Also, the analysis of recent 5‐year studies highlights a clear trend of scientific explorations of gratitude against earlier trends of articles on philosophical and religious connotations of gratitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of class group attachment on negative body image among junior high school students and explore the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 684 Chinese junior high school students using four validated instruments: the Negative Physical Self Scale, the Class Group Attachment Scale (Middle School Version), the Peer Fear of Inferiority Scale, and the Self-Compassion Scale. A chain mediation model was employed to analyze the relationships among class group attachment, negative body image, self-compassion, and peer fear of inferiority. Results: Class group attachment anxiety and avoidance, self-compassion, peer fear of inferiority, and negative body image were significantly correlated. Class group attachment anxiety not only directly positively predicted negative body image but also had an indirect effect on negative body image through self-compassion and peer fear of inferiority. In contrast, class group attachment avoidance mainly affected negative body image indirectly through self-compassion and peer fear of inferiority. Conclusion: Class group attachment significantly impacts negative body image, with self-compassion and peer fear of inferiority serving as important mediating factors. These findings enhance the understanding of the factors influencing negative body image among adolescents and their mechanisms, providing valuable theoretical support for body image education among middle school students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Parent training (PT) is an effective program for improving the parenting skills and mental health of parents of children with developmental disabilities (DD) and for improving children's behavioral problems. However, studies must substantiate the effectiveness of PT for the parents of adolescents with DD in improving parental mental health and children's problem behaviors with ample scientific evidence. This study is a retrospective observational study and has two objectives. The first is to examine the effectiveness of online adolescent PT (ON-APT), in which lectures on counseling skills are incorporated for the parents of adolescents with DD. The second aim is to examine the effects of different delivery conditions on communityand clinical-based ON-APT. Methods Data from seven parents and children who participated in community-based ON-APT and 14 parents and 12 children who participated in clinical-based ON-APT were included in the analysis. Prior to the intervention (pre-test) and after the intervention (post-test), paired t-tests were conducted using the CBCL, BDI-II, and PATS scores to demonstrate the effectiveness of the ON-APT program. Second, a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance with aligned rank transform was conducted to assess the impact of varying ON-APT delivery conditions (clinical- versus community-based ON-APT) and time (pre- and post-tests) on the outcome variables. Results ON-APT resulted in significant improvements in some children's problem behaviors (withdrawal). Community-based ON-APT resulted in improvements in some children's problem behaviors (total score, withdrawal, and social problems scales) compared with clinical-based ON-APT. Conclusion This study shows the potential effectiveness of ON-APT, in which lectures on counseling skills are incorporated for parents of adolescents with DD. Further, a comparison between clinical-based and community-based ON-APT showed that integrating face-to-face consultations into ON-APT may improve children's problem behaviors. However, this study provides preliminary evidence for its potential efficacy, and future studies should demonstrate this efficacy through a validation design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the global issue of adolescent well-being by conducting a bibliometric analysis of 1,162 publications from the Scopus database, covering the period from 2003 to March 2023. The research aims to identify the most influential contributors, including countries, authors, journals, and key topics, within the field of adolescent well-being. The findings reveal that the USA, the UK, and Italy are the most active countries in this area of research, indicating their strong focus on adolescent well-being issues. Leading authors such as Landsverks and Barth are recognized as highly influential contributors to the field, with their work being frequently cited. The study also highlights prominent academic journals, including Children and Youth Services Review, Child Abuse and Neglect, and Journal of Youth and Adolescence, which have emerged as key platforms for disseminating research on adolescent well-being. These journals have played a crucial role in shaping academic discourse, as evidenced by their high citation counts. In terms of research topics, the analysis identifies major themes such as contributing factors to adolescent well-being and interventions aimed at improving it. These topics have been the focus of extensive research, reflecting the global concern for understanding and addressing the challenges faced by adolescents. The study provides a detailed overview of the current trends in research on adolescent well-being, offering valuable insights for future studies. Overall, the findings contribute to the growing body of literature in this area and underscore the importance of continued research on adolescent well-being at a global level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Theory of Usage and Gratification of social network and The Dual-systems Model of Self-control, 1236 adolescents were selected as subjects, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale, Dual-System Scale of Self-Control, Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 and Perceived Stress Scale were tested twice at one-year intervals to explore the relationship between mobile phone addiction and adolescents' perceived stress and its mechanism of action. The results found that: (1) Mobile phone addiction can positively predict adolescents' perceived stress. (2) Impulse system and control system play a mediating role in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and adolescents' perceived stress; Adolescent mobile phone addiction enhances perceived stress by increasing the impulse system and decreasing the control system. (3) The predictive effect of mobile phone addiction on perceived stress was moderated by physical exercise, and the positive predictive effect of mobile phone addiction on adolescents' perceived stress was only present at low levels of physical exercise. The findings highlight control systems and physical activity as protective factors against the influence of mobile phone addiction on perceived stress in adolescents and have practical implications for stress intervention in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveMethodResultsConclusionThis evidence-based update (EBU) builds on three previous reviews (1998, 2008, 2017) sponsored by the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology with the aim of evaluating the empirical support for psychosocial interventions for depression in youth.In the current review period (2014–2022), 25 randomized controlled trials (RCT) were identified: four in children and 21 in adolescents. Descriptive effect sizes and number-needed-to-treat (NNT) ratios were calculated for primary outcomes. Results were integrated with prior reviews, and cumulative evidence used to classify treatments as well-established, probably efficacious, possibly efficacious, or experimental. Published secondary analyses of predictors, moderators, and mediators were examined.For adolescents, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT-A), CBT in combination with antidepressant medication, and collaborative care programs were all classified as well-established. The evidence was considerably weaker for children, with no treatments achieving well-established or probably efficacious status. New developments include greater exploration of parent- and family-mediated treatment models and increasing evidence on technology-assisted interventions. Data on predictors, moderators, and mediators continued to be focused on adolescent depression samples and drawn from a limited number of RCT datasets.Since the prior EBU, there has been incremental progress in youth depression treatment research. There is an urgent need to: (a) develop innovative approaches to substantially improve on the modest effects seen in most RCTs, (b) expand the evidence base for children and other underserved groups, (c) craft evidence-based guidelines for choosing between interventions when multiple efficacious treatments do exist, and (d) address issues of treatment effectiveness and scalability to ameliorate the wide prevalence and high impact of depression in youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Young people (YP) are at greater risk of experiencing intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA), with high prevalence rates at 18–25 years and potentially severe short and long-term health and social impacts. YP often view adult support services as not for them and more research is needed to understand effective responses to IPVA among different groups. Methods: Semi-structured interviews alongside Life History Calendars were undertaken to explore 18 young peoples' (18–25 years) experiences of community and service level responses to their IPVA between 2019–2020. Thematic analysis and case studies were carried out. Results: Participant accounts commonly described what did or did not help within: education; primary care physicians and maternity services; third sector or non-government support organisations; and counselling and support workers. YP wanted clearer information on identifying abuse from a younger age in schools and better access and signposting to specialist services. They benefited the most from equal power dynamics in relationships with professionals where they were supported to make their own decisions. Conclusions: Professionals in all sectors (including schools) need IPVA trauma-informed training that encourages equal power dynamics, with a clear understanding of and access to referral pathways, to be able to respond to the needs of YP experiencing IPVA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deconversion is a biographical change in which one goes from claiming adherence to a religion to departing from it. A meaning system model can help us understand the processes through which deconversion occurs. Drawing on that framework, we explored how perceiving hypocrisy in one's religious setting influences adolescent deconversion. Irrational beliefs and identity styles of adolescents were examined as potential mediators of this relationship. In total, 369 Polish secondary school students participated in the research (65.8% female). Their mean age was 16.92 years (SD = 1.08; range = 15–19). They completed the Adolescent Deconversion Scale, Perceived Religious Hypocrisy Scale, short form of the Attitudes and Belief Scale-2, and the Identity Style Inventory. The results demonstrated that the perception of religious hypocrisy was positively related to deconversion. Moreover, the adolescents' identity styles and propensity towards irrational beliefs partially and serially mediated the relationship between perceiving religious hypocrisy and deconverting. The results suggest that adolescents' deconversion is related to their perception of the hypocrisy of other religious people. The theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accumulating literature suggests that the risk of perpetrating bullying is greater among those who have been bullied. The association between the transition from victim to bully and revenge aggression suggests the critical role of forgiveness. However, evidence on the mediating role of forgiveness on the victimisation–bullying association is still sparse. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of person's dispositional forgiveness (DF) on the relationship between cyber-victimisation (CV) and cyber-bullying (CB) and to explore the moderating effect of gender on this relationship. Four hundred eighty-one upper secondary students (n = 481, 47.8% females, mean age = 17.2, SD = 1.5) completed the Florence Cyber-Bullying – Cyber-Victimisation Scales and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale. Statistical analysis reveals significant direct and indirect effects between CV, DF, and CB latent variables. CV has a negative influence on DF and positive influence on CB behaviour. Furthermore, there was an indirect influence of CV on CB behaviour following the path through DF only in females. The results suggest that DF seems to decrease CB behaviours by buffering the adverse outcomes of being CV, particularly among female victims. The findings underline the relevance of forgiveness within preventative interventions against bullying and cyberbullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]