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3. Developing a Circular Economy for the Data Centre Industry – how the CEDaCI project contributes to sustainable decision making

Author

Kerwin Kristina, Andrews Deborah, Adibi Naeem, Whitehead Beth, Szablewski Carolina, and Chenadec Julie

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Data centres (DCs) house data processing and storage equipment. The data centre industry (DCI) is evolving rapidly, as society is becoming more dependent on digital technologies. Currently, there are 7.2 million DCs globally and provision is predicted to grow fivefold by 2030. The sector already utilises millions of tonnes of resources, including Critical Raw Materials, and the demand will only increase. DCI is based on a linear economy; recycling and materials reclamation infrastructure are also inadequate. At the end-of-life, many materials are either lost to landfill, incinerated, or unaccounted for. Furthermore, many virgin materials are located in geopolitically sensitive locations, which poses a threat to the supply chain that the sector relies on. The CEDaCI project aims to increase overall sectoral sustainability by addressing the various technical, cultural, and behavioural barriers across the DCI, such as fragmentation and sole focus on the energy efficiency. This paper describes the whole-systems approach and CEDaCI project outputs, including bespoke Eco-design guidelines, strategies, and digital tools to extend product life and recycling, and enable better decision-making to increase circularity in the DCI, prepare and support implementation of the EU Circular Economy Action Plan and ensure a secure, sustainable resource supply chain.

Published
2022
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4. The Circular Data Centre Compass – modelling and assessing data centre sustainability

Author

Andrews Deborah, Bademci Bahattin, Adibi Naeem, Whitehead Beth, Ye Zhihui, Kerwin Kristina, Szablewski Carolina, and Chenadec Julie

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Data centres (DC) house electrical and electronic data processing and storage equipment. The data centre industry has grown from zero in the late 1980s into a global service provider with over 7 million sites in 2021. This rapid sectoral growth presents many challenges to environmental, social, and economic sustainability including the generation of large quantities of e-waste, (which is exacerbated by an under-developed recycling infrastructure, and a limited market for second life products) and potential threat to material supply chains, specifically Critical Raw Materials. There is an urgent need to improve sectoral sustainability, which includes development of a Circular Economy. The CEDaCI (a Circular Economy for the Data Centre Industry) project was launched in 2018 to initiate this by demonstrating its viability though business case studies, physical prototypes and digital tools, a key example being the Circular Data Centre Compass (CDCC) – a unique online tool that includes original primary source data. This tool allows users to compare and assess the overall life cycle sustainability of different servers, the criticality of embodied materials and the circularity of current and proposed designs. Therefore, the CDCC improves overall life cycle management of data centres, which increases supply chain security and reduces risk of DC service interruption.

Published
2022
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5. Mainstreaming the Use of Life Cycle Management in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Using a Sector Based and Regional Approach

Author

Adibi, Naeem, Pasquet, Vanessa, Roy, Aubin, Salamon, Alice, Bricout, Jodie, Beutin, Catherine, Renault, Quentin, Darul, Marie, Callens, François Xavier, Haquette, Marc, Orlans, Patrick, Meillier, Jeanne, Boudehenn, Joanne, Reynaud, Sophie, Cabaret, Sophie, Bogaert, Christophe, Demaretz, Christelle, Klöpffer, Walter, Series editor, Curran, Mary Ann, Series editor, Sonnemann, Guido, editor, and Margni, Manuele, editor

Published
2015
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10. A circular economy for the data centre industry : using design methods to address the challenge of whole system sustainability in a unique industrial sector

Author

Andrews, Deborah, Newton, Elizabeth J., Adibi, Naeem, Chenadec, Julie, Bienge, Katrin, Andrews, Deborah, Newton, Elizabeth J., Adibi, Naeem, Chenadec, Julie, and Bienge, Katrin

Abstract

The data centre industry (DCI) has grown from zero in the 1980s, to enabling 60% of the global population to be connected in 2021 via 7.2 million data centres. The DCI is based on a linear economy and there is an urgent need to transform to a Circular Economy to establish a secure supply chain and ensure an economically stable and uninterrupted service, which is particularly difficult in an industry that is comprised of ten insular subsectors. This paper describes the CEDaCI project which was established to address the challenge in this unique sector; this ground-breaking project employs a whole systems approach, Design Thinking and the Double Diamond methods, which rely on people/stakeholder engagement throughout. The paper reviews and assesses the impact of these methods and project to date, using quantitative and qualitative research, via an online sectoral survey and interviews with nine data centre and IT industry experts. The results show that the project is creating positive impact and initiating change across the sector and that the innovative output (designs, business models, and a digital tool) will ensure that sectoral transformation continues; the project methods and structure will also serve as an exemplar for other sectors.

Published
2021

11. Développement d’un indicateur d’évaluation d’impacts de la consommation des ressources : cas d'application à une extraction des matériaux versus un recyclage

Author

Adibi, Naeem, Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Centrale de Lille, Zoubeir Lafhaj, Jérôme Payet, and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Criticality of resources, Analyse du cycle de vie, Global resource indicator, Circular economy, Terre rare, Eolienne, Life cycle assessment, [SPI.GCIV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering, Permanent magnet, Rare earth element, Aimant permanent, Criticité des ressources, Indicateur ressource, Economie circulaire, Wind turbine
Abstract

Increase in resource demand raises concerns over their availability. In the recent years, national and international institutions have targeted sustainable resource supply and new economy models (e.g. circular economy, etc.) as a goal of their short- and long-term strategies. In this context, different methodological approaches under Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework are used to address the impact of resource depletion. However, they provide partial visions, based on limited available data, and do not reflect society challenges related to the resources. The newly developed factors and the LCIA method provide a more exhaustive vision through the availability of resources and may be used in Life Cycle Assessment or circular economy approaches. This work is done in partnership with the cd2e and Team2 cluster. It is also carried out in collaboration with CYCLeco Life Cycle Assessment Experts.; L’augmentation de la consommation de ressources suscite des préoccupations quant à leur disponibilité. Ces dernières années, les organisations nationales et internationales ont défini l’approvisionnement durable des ressources et la mise en place d’une économie circulaire comme des objectifs centraux de leurs stratégies à court et long termes.Dans ce contexte, différentes approches méthodologiques relevant de l’Analyse du Cycle de Vie (ACV) sont utilisées pour caractériser l'impact de l'épuisement des ressources. Les approches actuelles fournissent néanmoins des visions partielles, car dépendantes de données disponibles limitées, et ne reflètent pas les défis de la société en lien avec cette question des ressources.La méthode et les facteurs nouvellement développés fournissent une vision plus exhaustive de la disponibilité des ressources et peuvent être utilisés dans des analyses du cycle de vie ou dans des approches d'économie circulaire. Ce travail fut produit en partenariat avec le cd2e et le pôle de compétitivité Team². Il a également été réalisé en collaboration avec le bureau d’études et d’expertise en ACV, Cycleco.

Published
2016

13. From a critical review to a conceptual framework for integrating the criticality of resources into Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment

Author

Sonnemann, Guido, Gemechu, Eskinder Demisse, Adibi, Naeem, De Bruille, Vincent, Bulle, Cécile, Sonnemann, Guido, Gemechu, Eskinder Demisse, Adibi, Naeem, De Bruille, Vincent, and Bulle, Cécile

Abstract

The importance of integrating resources criticality assessment into Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) under the Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) framework has been discussed for some time. However, the question how to proceed towards integration remain unclear. Only very few work is published on this issue and to our knowledge only Schneider et al. (2014) have developed one operational model. In this paper we review existing literature critically and explain why integration is important and how it could be done, using knowledge from outside the LCA field. The criticality assessment method proposed by Graedel et al. (2012) is identified as the best starting point. This paper shows based on a critical review why bridging towards such a method could help addressing criticality in LCSA, what are possible options and which research needs exists. It reveals that currently LCA does not adequately cover resource criticality and that methods like Graedel et al. (2012) are inspiring further development of LCA; both approaches have a complementary nature and hence could be developed towards integration within the LCSA framework. Currently resource indicators are not meaningful in LCA, wherefore there is no consensus in LCA community on what to recommend; hence the Area of Protection Natural Resources needs to be rethought. Broadening the scope of LCA towards LCSA provides a conceptual framework to keep LCA relevant for assessing sustainability challenges like access to resources.

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