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Although many studies endorse the notion that the way students perceive support influences their engagement, very few have explored the possible mediator role of intention to learn between these variables. The present work provides new evidence to the existing literature because it analyses the work of intention to learn (measured with expectancy–value beliefs and achievement goals) as a mediating motivational variable in the relation between university students’ external support (teacher and family) and their engagement. The Educational Situation Quality Model (MOCSE, its acronym in Spanish) has employed as a theoretical framework to perform this analysis. A sample of 267 Spanish university students completed the questionnaires employed to measure the considered variables at three times. They answered teacher and family support scales when the course began (time 1), intention to learn scales halfway through the course (time 2), and engagement scales when the course ended (time 3). The obtained structural equation models showed a positive and significant effect for teacher and family support on the considered motivational variables (expectancy–value beliefs and achievement goals) and these, in turn, on student behavioral engagement. These results allow us to point out a series of recommendations for university teachers to improve their students’ involvement in their learning process.

This paper presents a proposal for the evaluation of the university teaching/ learning process, using indicators which are appropriate for activities developed in this process and aimed at its improvement and optimization. This analysis is carried out using the Instructional Model of the Educational Situation (MISE) developed by Rivas (1993, 1997). The data obtained from the application of questionnaires (MISE-teacher and MISE-student) in a specific instructional university process enables a contrast to be made between teacher and students' perception of the process being followed, as well as to capture the various students' perceptions and motivations throughout the course. The teacher can also obtain information on the strong and weak points of the process being developed and therefore propose improvements for future teaching/learning processes. In this way, the MISE becomes a useful tool for the formative evaluation of university teachers.

This study presents a personality evaluation instrument adapted to the vocational setting: the Adaptive Vocational Personality Questionnaire (AVPQ). The questionnaire was developed and tested in a sample of 2160 university students in the final years of their degree programs. The purpose of the study is to validate the questionnaire, providing evidence about its internal structure and its usefulness for predicting scores on a criterion scale. A confirmatory factor analysis combined with a cross-validation design was used: the exploratory sample (n = 879) helped to identify the model with the factorial structure that best fit the relations among the items. As expected, this model had two related but clearly separate factors: Adaptive Personality Characteristics (AC) with 9 items and Non-Adaptive Personality Characteristics (NAC) with 11 items. The validation sample (n =932) was used to test the generalization capacity of this model, which was satisfactory and showed a good reliability index. Regarding its usefulness in predicting proactive job-search behaviors, the results were also satisfactory. The questionnaire and keys are provided, as well as the criteria for calculating the scores on each scale and on the entire questionnaire. Este estudio presenta el desarrollo y validación de un instrumento para evaluar la personalidad adaptado al ámbito vocacional: el cuestionario de Personalidad Vocacional Adaptativa (CPVA). 2160 estudiantes universitarios de los últimos años de carrera respondieron a la versión preliminar del cuestionario. Sus respuestas fueron sometidas a un conjunto de análisis factoriales confirmatorios siguiendo un diseño de validación cruzada: en la muestra exploratoria (n=879) identificamos el modelo que mejor ajustaba los datos. Como esperábamos, el modelo presenta dos factores relacionados pero separados: Características Adaptativas de personalidad (CA) con 9 ítems y Características no Adaptativas de personalidad (CNA) con 11 ítems. En la muestra de validación (n=932) comprobamos si ese modelo presentaba un buen ajuste a este nuevo conjunto de datos. Los resultados así lo indicaron, apoyando la validez de esta estructura bifactorial. La fiabilidad de las dos escalas, CA y CNA es adecuada, así como su capacidad para pronosticar el criterio empleado, conducta proactiva en la búsqueda de trabajo. Este artículo incluye el cuestionario, las claves de corrección y los baremos necesarios para su uso.

This study presents a personality evaluation instrument adapted to the vocational setting: the Adaptive Vocational Personality Questionnaire (AVPQ). The questionnaire was developed and tested in a sample of 2160 university students in the final years of their degree programs. The purpose of the study is to validate the questionnaire, providing evidence about its internal structure and its usefulness for predicting scores on a criterion scale. A confirmatory factor analysis combined with a cross-validation design was used: the exploratory sample (n = 879) helped to identify the model with the factorial structure that best fit the relations among the items. As expected, this model had two related but clearly separate factors: Adaptive Personality Characteristics (AC) with 9 items and Non-Adaptive Personality Characteristics (NAC) with 11 items. The validation sample (n =932) was used to test the generalization capacity of this model, which was satisfactory and showed a good reliability index. Regarding its usefulness in predicting proactive job-search behaviors, the results were also satisfactory. The questionnaire and keys are provided, as well as the criteria for calculating the scores on each scale and on the entire questionnaire.

Reciprocal teaching (RT) is an instructional procedure to teach students cognitive strategies that might lead to improved reading comprehension. However, self-monitoring (SM) strategy use can optimize instruction of comprehension. Thus, the present study analyzed: (a) the efficacy of RT in regular classes and (b) the efficacy of RT + SM of strategy use. A sample of 59 students in the fourth year of primary education was selected: 19 children were selected as an RT condition, 18 as an RT + SM condition, while the remaining 22 made up the comparison group. Two types of comprehension measures were used: tasks of specific effects (getting the main idea, writing a summary, comprehension-monitoring test) and transfer effect measures (standardised tests, word meaning inference, and free recall). Thus, the results show that both the RT condition and the RT + SM condition benefited from the instruction, performing better than the comparison group in measures of specific effects and in some of the transfer effect measures. This result shows that SM is not a necessary component in the instruction of reading comprehension with RT.

Este trabajo se sitúa en el marco de un proyecto de investigación de carácter interuniversitario, subvencionado por el Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, que trata de propiciar el conocimiento científico de la conducta vocacional y preprofesional de los estudiantes universitarios. Entre los distintos indicadores de la conducta vocacional considerados en dicha investigación, este estudio se centra en la elaboración de un cuestionario que analice los biodatos académicos (o datos biográficos dentro del área académica) relacionados con el desarrollo vocacional de los estudiantes. Es decir, se analizan las vivencias, hechos y conductas del estudiante en relación a su desarrollo vocacional para comprobar la adecuación o eficacia de las mismas a la hora de planificar y explorar sus opciones de especialización y preparación de su profesionalidad. A partir de la pertinente revisión teórica, de las aportaciones de diversos investigadores-expertos y de los resultados de distintos estudios desarrollados en el ámbito del proyecto de investigación, elaboramos el “Cuestionario de Biodatos Universitarios: CBU” que estaba configurado por 9 ítems agrupados en cinco apartados: la Motivación o Interés por la opcion universitaria escogida; la Toma de Decisiones Académicas o Preprofesionales (Optativas, Practicum); el Grado de Decisión sobre especialidad o salida profesional, la Experiencia Laboral y las Dificultades percibidas en el Proceso de Toma de Decisiones preprofesionales. Este cuestionario se aplicó a 2169 estudiantes universitarios para determinar su homogeneidad interna y su relación con el desarrollo de carrera eficaz. Los análisis estadísticos realizados muestran como el cuestionario es capaz de clasificar adecuadamente a estudiantes universitarios en función de su grado de desarrollo de carrera: desde eficaz a no eficaz.