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A study of environmental attributes of HIV/AIDS affected households in Ijesa region, Nigeria (N = 297). Data from both primary and secondary sources were used to establish the relationship between socio-economic and environmental characteristics at different rural community zones; namely traditional core, post traditional and contemporary. There were more female HIV/AIDS patients, located in traditional core zones (78.1%) with high house density, living in shared apartments where residents shared sleeping and bath/toilet rooms. Thus, rape was significantly associated with the design and habitation density of households. In addition, widowhood, young age, informal education, menial jobs and unemployment of patients did not correlate with most environmental variables related to HIV/AIDS in contemporary zone compared with traditional zone. However, wealth status and quality education in relation to good housing environment and decent house density were significant in contemporary zone respectively. The study concluded that policies on HIV/AIDS prevalence at rural community level should focus more on high density areas having poor socio-economic and environmental characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Periprosthetic seroma is a rare complication of femoropopliteal bypass grafting. Periprosthetic seroma can be defined as the collection of non-infected serous fluid around a prosthetic arterial graft. There is a dearth of literature on how to manage periprosthetic seroma occurrence after femoropopliteal bypass especially in patients whose symptoms do not improve with typical conservative measures.Method/Results: This report highlights the case of a 70-year-old patient who had a femoropopliteal bypass using a 6 mm Propaten graft for peripheral arterial disease. The patient subsequently presented with leg edema. Leg ultrasound and computed tomography arteriogram showed a periprosthetic seroma with a patent graft. Patient was initially managed conservatively and semi-conservatively and ultimately with aggressive therapy utilizing exploration and surgical resection of the seroma capsule.Conclusion: Only surgical resection of the seroma capsule produced definitive resolution of the seroma and symptoms. Thigh exploration and surgical resection can be considered as part of the management modalities of periprosthetic seroma occurring after femoropopliteal bypass especially in patients who do not respond to typical conservative measures such as elevation, compression stockings, and diuretics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiac MR fingerprinting (cMRF) is a novel technique for simultaneous T1 and T2 mapping.Purpose: To compare T1 /T2 measurements, repeatability, and map quality between cMRF and standard mapping techniques in healthy subjects.Study Type: Prospective.Population: In all, 58 subjects (ages 18-60). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: cMRF, modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI), and T2 -prepared balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) at 1.5T.Assessment: T1 /T2 values were measured in 16 myocardial segments at apical, medial, and basal slice positions. Test-retest and intrareader repeatability were assessed for the medial slice. cMRF and conventional mapping sequences were compared using ordinal and two alternative forced choice (2AFC) ratings.Statistical Tests: Paired t-tests, Bland-Altman analyses, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), linear regression, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and binomial tests.Results: Average T1 measurements were: basal 1007.4±96.5 msec (cMRF), 990.0±45.3 msec (MOLLI); medial 995.0±101.7 msec (cMRF), 995.6±59.7 msec (MOLLI); apical 1006.6±111.2 msec (cMRF); and 981.6±87.6 msec (MOLLI). Average T2 measurements were: basal 40.9±7.0 msec (cMRF), 46.1±3.5 msec (bSSFP); medial 41.0±6.4 msec (cMRF), 47.4±4.1 msec (bSSFP); apical 43.5±6.7 msec (cMRF), 48.0±4.0 msec (bSSFP). A statistically significant bias (cMRF T1 larger than MOLLI T1 ) was observed in basal (17.4 msec) and apical (25.0 msec) slices. For T2 , a statistically significant bias (cMRF lower than bSSFP) was observed for basal (-5.2 msec), medial (-6.3 msec), and apical (-4.5 msec) slices. Precision was lower for cMRF-the average of the standard deviation measured within each slice was 102 msec for cMRF vs. 61 msec for MOLLI T1 , and 6.4 msec for cMRF vs. 4.0 msec for bSSFP T2 . cMRF and conventional techniques had similar test-retest repeatability as quantified by ICC (0.87 cMRF vs. 0.84 MOLLI for T1 ; 0.85 cMRF vs. 0.85 bSSFP for T2 ). In the ordinal image quality comparison, cMRF maps scored higher than conventional sequences for both T1 (all five features) and T2 (four features).Data Conclusion: This work reports on myocardial T1 /T2 measurements in healthy subjects using cMRF and standard mapping sequences. cMRF had slightly lower precision, similar test-retest and intrareader repeatability, and higher scores for map quality.Evidence Level: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:1044-1052. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiac MR fingerprinting (cMRF) is a novel technique for simultaneous T 1 and T 2 mapping., Purpose: To compare T 1 /T 2 measurements, repeatability, and map quality between cMRF and standard mapping techniques in healthy subjects., Study Type: Prospective., Population: In all, 58 subjects (ages 18-60). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: cMRF, modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI), and T 2 -prepared balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) at 1.5T., Assessment: T 1 /T 2 values were measured in 16 myocardial segments at apical, medial, and basal slice positions. Test-retest and intrareader repeatability were assessed for the medial slice. cMRF and conventional mapping sequences were compared using ordinal and two alternative forced choice (2AFC) ratings., Statistical Tests: Paired t-tests, Bland-Altman analyses, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), linear regression, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and binomial tests., Results: Average T 1 measurements were: basal 1007.4±96.5 msec (cMRF), 990.0±45.3 msec (MOLLI); medial 995.0±101.7 msec (cMRF), 995.6±59.7 msec (MOLLI); apical 1006.6±111.2 msec (cMRF); and 981.6±87.6 msec (MOLLI). Average T 2 measurements were: basal 40.9±7.0 msec (cMRF), 46.1±3.5 msec (bSSFP); medial 41.0±6.4 msec (cMRF), 47.4±4.1 msec (bSSFP); apical 43.5±6.7 msec (cMRF), 48.0±4.0 msec (bSSFP). A statistically significant bias (cMRF T 1 larger than MOLLI T 1 ) was observed in basal (17.4 msec) and apical (25.0 msec) slices. For T 2 , a statistically significant bias (cMRF lower than bSSFP) was observed for basal (-5.2 msec), medial (-6.3 msec), and apical (-4.5 msec) slices. Precision was lower for cMRF-the average of the standard deviation measured within each slice was 102 msec for cMRF vs. 61 msec for MOLLI T 1 , and 6.4 msec for cMRF vs. 4.0 msec for bSSFP T 2 . cMRF and conventional techniques had similar test-retest repeatability as quantified by ICC (0.87 cMRF vs. 0.84 MOLLI for T 1 ; 0.85 cMRF vs. 0.85 bSSFP for T 2 ). In the ordinal image quality comparison, cMRF maps scored higher than conventional sequences for both T 1 (all five features) and T 2 (four features)., Data Conclusion: This work reports on myocardial T 1 /T 2 measurements in healthy subjects using cMRF and standard mapping sequences. cMRF had slightly lower precision, similar test-retest and intrareader repeatability, and higher scores for map quality., Evidence Level: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:1044-1052., (© 2020 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.)