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Background: Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) was developed as a screening tool for cognitive disorders. Many countries have proven the cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of ACE-III., Aims: To make cultural adaptations of ACE-III for the Turkish population and to examine its validity and reliability., Methods & Procedures: First, ACE-III was translated and adapted into Turkish (ACE-III-TR), then its validity and reliability were examined. The study included 234 people: 93 with dementia (78 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 15 frontotemporal dementia (FTD)), 46 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 95 healthy. Two blinded speech and language therapists rated the ACE-III-TR simultaneously for interrater validity. The same practitioner retested the same participants 2 weeks later for test-retest reliability. The construct validity of the culturally adapted test was assessed by analysing subsection correlations with the ACE-III-TR total score. The association between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score, relevant subsections and ACE-III-TR total score was examined for criterion validity. Intergroup differences for healthy, MCI and dementia were studied for ACE-III-TR subsections and total score, and cut-off scores were calculated for total score with sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis., Results & Outcomes: Attention, memory and ACE-III-TR total scores showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups of dementia, MCI and healthy (p < 0.001). Statistically significant positive correlations ranging from 0.571 to 0.929 were found between ACE-III-TR subsections and total scores (p < 0.05). A highly significant positive correlation was found between MMSE total score and ACE-III-TR total score (r = 0.870). Between the second and first measurements, positive, moderately significant correlations were found for all subsections and ACE-III-TR total (ICC = 0.508-0.784, r = 0.477-0.646). A high level of agreement was found between two raters for all ACE-III-TR subsections and the ACE-III-TR total score (alpha = 0.9296-0.99995). The total ACE-III-TR cut-off score was 79.5 for healthy and MCI and 69.5 for MCI and mild stage dementia., Conclusions & Implications: This study found that ACE-III-TR is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia that has high validity and reliability. ACE-III-TR was found to be a valid and reliable tool in dementia, including AD and FTD, and in mild, moderate and advanced dementia. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes., What This Paper Adds: What is already known on the subject ACE was used as a screening tool to detect MCI and to differentiate AD from FTD. ACE was revised by Hsieh et al. in 2013 and updated as ACE-III, which has the advantages of assessing five cognitive domains, not requiring the use of additional materials, and providing an effective and sensitive measurement in a short time. However, the validity and reliability study of the ACE-III in Turkish has not been conducted. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This study demonstrates the validity and reliability of the Turkish ACE-III (ACE-III-TR), which is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia. What are the practical and clinical implications of this work? The ACE-III-TR can provide clinicians and patients with a quick and brief general cognitive screening, indicating both the patient's overall cognitive profile and the measures of each of the assessed domains. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes., (© 2024 Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists.)

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) as a cognitive screening tool for older adults with low levels of schooling and healthy aging, MCI and dementia in Brazil. Methods: All participants underwent neurological and psychiatric examinations and were administered a validated version of ACE-R. Results: A total of 85 participants were evaluated; most were females (84.7%, n = 72). The post hoc analysis showed statistical differences in ACE-R total scores between older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and controls (p < 0.001) and in subitem scores including verbal fluency, language, visuospatial skills and attention (p < 0.001). The visual-spatial skills subitem was the most strongly correlated with schooling level (r = 0.509, p < 0.001), whereas late, immediate recall and recognition memory were not influenced by schooling. The ACE-R had the best diagnostic accuracy in discriminating between MCI and controls = 0.69 (

Abstract: There is a clear need for brief, but sensitive and specific, cognitive screening instruments for dementia. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of the Japanese version of Addenbrooke''s Cognitive Examination (ACE) in identifying early dementia in comparison with the conventional Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Standard tests for evaluating dementia screening tests were applied. A total of 201 subjects (Alzheimer''s disease (AD)=65, frontotemporal dementia (FTD)=24, vascular dementia=26, dementia with Lewy bodies=11, mild cognitive impairment (MCI)=13, and controls=62) participated in this study. The reliability of the ACE was very good (alpha coefficient=0.82). In our patient series, the sensitivity for diagnosing dementia with an ACE score of ≤74 was 0.889 with a specificity of 0.987, and the sensitivity of an ACE score of ≤80 was 0.984 with a specificity of 0.867. The Japanese version of the ACE is a very accurate instrument for the detection of early dementia, and should be widely used in clinical practice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]