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1,086 results on '"Adams, M. J."'

2. The spin-flip model of spin-polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers: asymptotic analysis, numerics, and experiments

Author

Susanto, H., Schires, K., Adams, M. J., and Henning, I. D.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

The spin-flip model describing optically pumped spin-polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers is considered. The steady-state solutions of the model for elliptically-polarised fields are studied. Asymptotic analysis for the existence and stability of the steady-state solutions is developed, particularly in the presence of pump polarisation ellipticity. The expansion is with respect to small parameters representing the ellipticity and the difference between the total pump power and the lasing threshold. The analytical results are then confirmed numerically, where it is obtained that generally one of the steady-state solutions is stable while the other is not. The theoretical results are shown to be in qualitative agreement with the experiments., Comment: Not the final published version

Published
2016
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3. Chytrid infections exhibit historical spread and contemporary seasonality in a declining stream-breeding frog

Author

Belasen, A. M., primary, Peek, R. A., additional, Adams, A. J., additional, Russell, I. D., additional, De León, M. E., additional, Adams, M. J., additional, Bettaso, J., additional, Breedveld, K. G. H., additional, Catenazzi, A., additional, Dillingham, C. P., additional, Grear, D. A., additional, Halstead, B. J., additional, Johnson, P. G., additional, Kleeman, P. M., additional, Koo, M. S., additional, Koppl, C. W., additional, Lauder, J. D., additional, Padgett-Flohr, G., additional, Piovia-Scott, J., additional, Pope, K. L., additional, Vredenburg, V., additional, Westphal, M., additional, Wiseman, K., additional, and Kupferberg, S. J., additional

Published
2024
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8. Polygenic prediction of major depressive disorder and related traits in African ancestries UK Biobank participants

Author

Kanjira, S. C., Adams, M. J., Jiang, Y., Tian, C., Lewis, C. M., Kuchenbaecker, K., and McIntosh, A. M.

Abstract

Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) over-represent European ancestries, neglecting all other ancestry groups and low-income nations. Consequently, polygenic risk scores (PRS) more accurately predict complex traits in Europeans than African Ancestries groups. Very few studies have looked at the transferability of European-derived PRS for behavioural and mental health phenotypes to Africans. We assessed the comparative accuracy of depression PRS trained on European and African Ancestries GWAS studies to predict major depressive disorder (MDD) and related traits in African ancestry participants from the UK Biobank. UK Biobank participants were selected based on Principal component analysis clustering with an African genetic similarity reference population, MDD was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). PRS were computed using PRSice2 software using either European or African Ancestries GWAS summary statistics. PRS trained on European ancestry samples (246,363 cases) predicted case control status in Africans of the UK Biobank with similar accuracies (R2 = 2%, β = 0.32, empirical p-value = 0.002) to PRS trained on far much smaller samples of African Ancestries participants from 23andMe, Inc. (5045 cases, R² = 1.8%, β = 0.28, empirical p-value = 0.008). This suggests that prediction of MDD status from Africans to Africans had greater efficiency relative to discovery sample size than prediction of MDD from Europeans to Africans. Prediction of MDD status in African UK Biobank participants using GWAS findings of likely causal risk factors from European ancestries was non-significant. GWAS of MDD in European ancestries are inefficient for improving polygenic prediction in African samples; urgent MDD studies in Africa are needed.

Published
2024
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18. White matter, cognition and psychotic-like experiences in UK Biobank.

Author

Bosma, M. J., Cox, S. R., Ziermans, T., Buchanan, C. R., Shen, X., Tucker-Drob, E. M., Adams, M. J., Whalley, H. C., and Lawrie, S. M.

Subjects
TISSUE banks, PSYCHOSES, SCHIZOPHRENIA, COGNITION, WHITE matter (Nerve tissue), EXPERIENCE, RISK assessment, RESEARCH funding, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, FACTOR analysis, PATH analysis (Statistics)
Abstract

Background: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are risk factors for the development of psychiatric conditions like schizophrenia, particularly if associated with distress. As PLEs have been related to alterations in both white matter and cognition, we investigated whether cognition (g-factor and processing speed) mediates the relationship between white matter and PLEs. Methods: We investigated two independent samples (6170 and 19 891) from the UK Biobank, through path analysis. For both samples, measures of whole-brain fractional anisotropy (gFA) and mean diffusivity (gMD), as indications of white matter microstructure, were derived from probabilistic tractography. For the smaller sample, variables whole-brain white matter network efficiency and microstructure were also derived from structural connectome data. Results: The mediation of cognition on the relationships between white matter properties and PLEs was non-significant. However, lower gFA was associated with having PLEs in combination with distress in the full available sample (standardized β = −0.053, p = 0.011). Additionally, lower gFA/higher gMD was associated with lower g-factor (standardized β = 0.049, p < 0.001; standardized β = −0.027, p = 0.003), and partially mediated by processing speed with a proportion mediated of 7% (p = < 0.001) for gFA and 11% (p < 0.001) for gMD. Conclusions: We show that lower global white matter microstructure is associated with having PLEs in combination with distress, which suggests a direction of future research that could help clarify how and why individuals progress from subclinical to clinical psychotic symptoms. Furthermore, we replicated that processing speed mediates the relationship between white matter microstructure and g-factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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30. Community-Based Projects for the Prevention of Developmental Disabilities.

Author

Adams, M. J. and Hollowell, Joseph G.

Abstract

Several community projects of the Centers for Disease Control's Disabilities Prevention Program are described. The projects, which are coordinated at the state level, attempt to stimulate local involvement in disability prevention and to evaluate prevention needs and preventive interventions. (Author/JDD)

Published
1992

35. DNA methylation signatures of aggression and closely related constructs:a meta-analysis of epigenome-wide studies across the lifespan

Author

van Dongen, J. (Jenny), Hagenbeek, F. A. (Fiona A.), Suderman, M. (Matthew), Roetman, P. J. (Peter J.), Sugden, K. (Karen), Chiocchetti, A. G. (Andreas G.), Ismail, K. (Khadeeja), Mulder, R. H. (Rosa H.), Hafferty, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Adams, M. J. (Mark J.), Walker, R. M. (Rosie M.), Morris, S. W. (Stewart W.), Lahti, J. (Jari), Kupers, L. K. (Leanne K.), Escaramis, G. (Georgia), Alemany, S. (Silvia), Bonder, M. J. (Marc Jan), Meijer, M. (Mandy), Ip, H. F. (Hill F.), Jansen, R. (Rick), Baselmans, B. M. (Bart M. L.), Parmar, P. (Priyanka), Lowry, E. (Estelle), Streit, F. (Fabian), Sirignano, L. (Lea), Send, T. S. (Tabea S.), Frank, J. (Josef), Jylhava, J. (Juulia), Wang, Y. (Yunzhang), Mishra, P. P. (Pashupati Prasad), Colins, O. F. (Olivier F.), Corcoran, D. L. (David L.), Poulton, R. (Richie), Mill, J. (Jonathan), Hannon, E. (Eilis), Arseneault, L. (Louise), Korhonen, T. (Tellervo), Vuoksimaa, E. (Eero), Felix, J. F. (Janine F.), Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. (Marian J.), Campbell, A. (Archie), Czamara, D. (Darina), Binder, E. (Elisabeth), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Gonzalez, J. R. (Juan R.), Grazuleviciene, R. (Regina), Gutzkow, K. B. (Kristine B.), Evandt, J. (Jorunn), Vafeiadi, M. (Marina), Klein, M. (Marieke), van der Meer, D. (Dennis), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Kluft, C. (Cornelis), Davies, G. E. (Gareth E.), Hakulinen, C. (Christian), Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L. (Liisa), Franke, B. (Barbara), Freitag, C. M. (Christine M.), Konrad, K. (Kerstin), Hervas, A. (Amaia), Fernandez-Rivas, A. (Aranzazu), Vetro, A. (Agnes), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Vermeiren, R. (Robert), Strandberg, T. (Timo), Raikkonen, K. (Katri), Snieder, H. (Harold), Witt, S. H. (Stephanie H.), Deuschle, M. (Michael), Pedersen, N. L. (Nancy L.), Hagg, S. (Sara), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Franke, L. (Lude), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Ollikainen, M. (Miina), Moffitt, T. E. (Terrie E.), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), van IJzendoorn, M. H. (Marinus H.), Relton, C. (Caroline), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Caspi, A. (Avshalom), Evans, K. L. (Kathryn L.), McIntosh, A. M. (Andrew M.), Bartels, M. (Meike), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret, I), van Dongen, J. (Jenny), Hagenbeek, F. A. (Fiona A.), Suderman, M. (Matthew), Roetman, P. J. (Peter J.), Sugden, K. (Karen), Chiocchetti, A. G. (Andreas G.), Ismail, K. (Khadeeja), Mulder, R. H. (Rosa H.), Hafferty, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Adams, M. J. (Mark J.), Walker, R. M. (Rosie M.), Morris, S. W. (Stewart W.), Lahti, J. (Jari), Kupers, L. K. (Leanne K.), Escaramis, G. (Georgia), Alemany, S. (Silvia), Bonder, M. J. (Marc Jan), Meijer, M. (Mandy), Ip, H. F. (Hill F.), Jansen, R. (Rick), Baselmans, B. M. (Bart M. L.), Parmar, P. (Priyanka), Lowry, E. (Estelle), Streit, F. (Fabian), Sirignano, L. (Lea), Send, T. S. (Tabea S.), Frank, J. (Josef), Jylhava, J. (Juulia), Wang, Y. (Yunzhang), Mishra, P. P. (Pashupati Prasad), Colins, O. F. (Olivier F.), Corcoran, D. L. (David L.), Poulton, R. (Richie), Mill, J. (Jonathan), Hannon, E. (Eilis), Arseneault, L. (Louise), Korhonen, T. (Tellervo), Vuoksimaa, E. (Eero), Felix, J. F. (Janine F.), Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. (Marian J.), Campbell, A. (Archie), Czamara, D. (Darina), Binder, E. (Elisabeth), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Gonzalez, J. R. (Juan R.), Grazuleviciene, R. (Regina), Gutzkow, K. B. (Kristine B.), Evandt, J. (Jorunn), Vafeiadi, M. (Marina), Klein, M. (Marieke), van der Meer, D. (Dennis), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Kluft, C. (Cornelis), Davies, G. E. (Gareth E.), Hakulinen, C. (Christian), Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L. (Liisa), Franke, B. (Barbara), Freitag, C. M. (Christine M.), Konrad, K. (Kerstin), Hervas, A. (Amaia), Fernandez-Rivas, A. (Aranzazu), Vetro, A. (Agnes), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Vermeiren, R. (Robert), Strandberg, T. (Timo), Raikkonen, K. (Katri), Snieder, H. (Harold), Witt, S. H. (Stephanie H.), Deuschle, M. (Michael), Pedersen, N. L. (Nancy L.), Hagg, S. (Sara), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Franke, L. (Lude), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Ollikainen, M. (Miina), Moffitt, T. E. (Terrie E.), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), van IJzendoorn, M. H. (Marinus H.), Relton, C. (Caroline), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Caspi, A. (Avshalom), Evans, K. L. (Kathryn L.), McIntosh, A. M. (Andrew M.), Bartels, M. (Meike), and Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret, I)

Abstract

DNA methylation profiles of aggressive behavior may capture lifetime cumulative effects of genetic, stochastic, and environmental influences associated with aggression. Here, we report the first large meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of aggressive behavior (N = 15,324 participants). In peripheral blood samples of 14,434 participants from 18 cohorts with mean ages ranging from 7 to 68 years, 13 methylation sites were significantly associated with aggression (alpha = 1.2 × 10−7; Bonferroni correction). In cord blood samples of 2425 children from five cohorts with aggression assessed at mean ages ranging from 4 to 7 years, 83% of these sites showed the same direction of association with childhood aggression (r = 0.74, p = 0.006) but no epigenome-wide significant sites were found. Top-sites (48 at a false discovery rate of 5% in the peripheral blood meta-analysis or in a combined meta-analysis of peripheral blood and cord blood) have been associated with chemical exposures, smoking, cognition, metabolic traits, and genetic variation (mQTLs). Three genes whose expression levels were associated with top-sites were previously linked to schizophrenia and general risk tolerance. At six CpGs, DNA methylation variation in blood mirrors variation in the brain. On average 44% (range = 3–82%) of the aggression–methylation association was explained by current and former smoking and BMI. These findings point at loci that are sensitive to chemical exposures with potential implications for neuronal functions. We hope these results to be a starting point for studies leading to applications as peripheral biomarkers and to reveal causal relationships with aggression and related traits.

Published
2021

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