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This collection of twenty-six papers is the fourth resulting from the Polish-English Contrastive Project. The overall purpose of the project is to prepare a Polish-English contrastive grammar and to develop pedagogical materials. The basic model used for research is the transformational generative one. Among the papers on phonology, topics such as stress, intonation, distinctive features, and consonant clusters are discussed, as well as issues in contrastive phonology and phonetics. Clitics, nominals, ellipsis, and comparative constructions are among the topics discussed in the papers on morphology and syntax, while modal auxiliaries, verb complementation, transitive verbs, and the derivation of infinitives are the focus of papers concerned directly with verb syntax and morphology. Syntactic ambiguity is discussed as it relates to teaching written English to Polish students, and exercises for intermediate and advanced Polish learners of English are provided. A bibliography of English-Polish contrastive studies in Poland follows the papers. (CLK)

This volume contains ten articles and a book review. Josef Vachek talks about "Vilem Mathesius as Forerunner of Contrastive Linguistic Studies." In "Contrastive Generative Grammar and the Psycholinguistic Fallacy," Andrew Chesterman discusses methods for accounting for simplification in foreign language learning. Michael Post compares "English 'the-the' Constructions and Their Polish Equivalents," saying that despite different surface structures, they have identical semantic structures. A contrastive analysis of "The Generic Noun Phrase in English and Polish" is done by Janina Smolska and Jan Rusiecki. Ossi Ihalainen's "Some Remarks on Word Order and Definiteness in Finnish and English" discusses passive syntax. Also included are: "Similarities and Differences between Notional Passive Sentences in English and Polish," by Ireneusz Bobrowski; "Non-Typical Cases of Plural Nouns in English and Polish," by Barbara Dancygier; "Lexical Cohesion in Text Analysis," by Aleksander Szwedek; "An Investigation of Thai Interference in Selected American English Phonemes," by Eugene J. Briere and Colonel Sinuan Chiachanpong; and "Some Remarks about the Pragmatics of Negation in Polish and English," by Maria Kawinska. The review is "Phonology and Resonants: Some Remarks on Biedrzycki's 'Fonologica Angielskieh i polskich rezonantow,'" by Edmund Gussman. (PJM)

This volume contains six articles. In "Integrational Linguistics as a Basis for Contrastive Studies," Hans-Heinrich Lieb discusses the problems associated with complex contrastive analysis. Hanne Martinet's "A Functional and Contrastive Analysis of Attributive Adjectives Endings in '-ant' and in '-ende' in French and Danish, Respectively," shows how present participles are transferred to the adjective class in both languages. In "On Proper 'Improper Answer'" Ewa Iwanicka shows the effect of context in determining what is grammatically acceptable. Jan Rusiecki, in "Latent Bilingualism," purports that with the aid of a modest grammatical machinery and a rich vocabulary, a learner can achieve a high degree of complexity and efficacy of communication in a second language. In "Towards a Semantic Syntax of English: The Case of the Modals 'can' and 'may,'" Rene Dirven argues that there is a strong interdependence between syntax and semantics and pleads for an approach to syntax that has a built-in semantic level. James Pankhurst provides a model for analyzing time and tense relations on a cross-linguistic basis in "Closer to a Theory of Tense for Contrastive Analysis." (PJM)

A collection of 14 papers in contrastive linguistics includes: "Some Comments on Language Data in Contrastive Analysis" (Ruta Nagucka); "Contrastive Sociolinguistics Reconsidered" (Karol Janicki); "Variations in Polish Nasal /e/: A Contribution to the Development of Contrastive Sociolinguistic Methodology" (Jane Johnson); "Languages in Contact and Contrastive Linguistics" (Broder Carstensen); "VSO and SVO Order in Welsh and Breton" (Rosalyn Raney); "Topical Sentence Positions in English and Polish" (Anna Duszak); "Verb Initial Constructions in Portuguese and their Counterpart Constructions in English" (Mary A. Kato); "On Some Referential Expressions in English and Polish" (Barbara Kryk); "From Temporal Adverb to Modal Particle--Some Comparative Remarks on Polish 'Czasem' ('Sometimes')" (Johan van der Auwera); "Conversational versus Conventional Implicature and Some Polarity Items in Polish and English" (Anna Charezinska); "Stress-Patterns of English Phrasal Nouns of the Type Make-Up in German" (Peter Hengstenberg); "The Translation Aspect of Phraseological Units in English and German" (Rosemarie Glaser); "On the Use of Lexical Avoidance Strategies in Foreign-Language Comunication" (Rolf Palmberg); and "Contrastive and Error Analysis: Vietnamese-German" (Heinrich Kelz). (MSE)

This issue of the journal includes these papers on contrastive linguistics: "Tag Questions, Transformational Grammar and Pragmatics" (Wolfram Bublitz); "Toward Contrasting Styles" (Karol Janicki); "Some More Remarks on the Pedagogical Uses of Contrastive Studies" (Waldemar Marton); "Stress in Polish--With Some Comparisons to English Stress" (James L. Fidelholtz); "Some Remarks on the Stability of Lexical Stress in Polish and English" (Grzegorz Dogil); "Lexical Entries for Verbs in a Contrastive Lexicon English-German" (Hans Ulrich Boas); "Focus Constructions--Cleft Sentences in English and Their Counterparts in Polish" (Aleksandra Mieszek); "Some Aspects of Typology of Relative Clauses in English and Polish" (Elzbieta Muskat-Tabakowska); "How Factive are SEE, HEAR and FEEL and their Polish Counterparts" (Barbara Kryk); "Lexical Realization of Benefactive and Beneficiary in Polish and English" (Henry Niedzielski); "A Contrastive Semantic Analysis of Colour Adjectives in Polish and English" (Stanislaw Duczmal); and "French-English Contrastive Linguistics at the Universite Catholique de Louvain" (J. van Roey). (MSE)

This issue of the journal includes these papers on contrastive linguistics: "On Some Assumptions and Principles of Contrastive Grammar Illustrated from the Area of Reflexivity in Danish and English" (Torben Thrane); "Deletion in Coordinated Structures in English and Dutch" (Robert R. van Oirsouw); "Methods and Goals of Comparative Systematics" (Georges Garnier); "Color Words in English and Portuguese: A Contrastive Semantic Analysis" (John Robert Schmitz); "Those Relatives that Should Stack that Don't" (Elzbieta Tabakowska); "Towards a Pedagogical Grammar of Determiners: A Contrastive Approach" (Paul Robberecht); "Some Differences Between Arabic and English Comparative Structures" (Mohammad Anani); "Some Remarks About Translation and Style" (Hanne Martinet); "On the Relationship Between Communication Strategies and Learning Strategies" (Rolf Palmberg); "Comparing Sound Patterns" (Kari Suomi); "Contrastive Studies of Norwegian and Other Languages: A Bibliography" (Ernst Hakon Jahr). Reviews of the books, "Contrastive Analysis," by C. James and "Gramatyka Angielska dla Polakaw," by T.P. Krzeszowski, are also included. (MSE)

This issue of the journal includes these papers on contrastive linguistics: "Contrastive Patholinguistics: The Acquisition of English Grammatical Morphemes by German Dyslexics in a Foreign-Language Teaching Context" (Udo O. H. Jung); "Contrastive Pragmatics" (Marie-Louise Liebe-Harkort); "On Questions in English and Swedish" (Kay Wikberg); "On Contrasting the Sentence Stress" (Aleksander Szwedek); "At--A Typically English Preposition" (Hubert Cuyckens); "A Contrastive Analysis of English 'Some' and 'Any' and Their Hungarian Equivalents" (Eva H. Stephanides); "Parameters of Linguistic Stress: An Experimental Contrastive Study" (Wieslaw Awedyk); "The Use of Ergative Verbs by German Learners of English. A Pilot Study into Interlanguage" (Werner Hullen); and "English in Speech and Writing: A Project Report" (Anna-Brita Stenstrom). (MSE)

This issue of the journal includes these papers on contrastive linguistics: "A Note on Semantic Representation of Lexical Items and on Lexical Gaps" (Maria Grzegorek); "Some Remarks on Case Grammars as Bases for Contrastive Studies" (Hans U. Boas); "Are Exclusively Attributive Adjectives 'Transpositional'?--Some Comments on the Nature of Lexical Rules as Opposed to Syntactic Transformations" (Barbara Fedorowicz-Bacz); "Epenthesis or Deletion--I Could Do" (John W. Dewees); "A Contrastive Description of Deixis in Danish and English" (Claus Faerch); "Deceptive Words. A Study in the Contrastive Lexicon of Polish and English" (Jerzy Welna); "Some Aspects of Style in the Source and the Target Language" (Moira Linnarud); "Tags in English and Equivalent Constructions in Polish" (Wieslaw Oleksy); "Definiteness in Finnish" (Andrew Chesterman); "Testing and Contrastive Analysis" (Naum R. Dimitrijevic); "Problems and Implications of Contrastive Analysis of Vocabulary and Culture" (Naum R. Dimitrijevic); "Towards an Erasure Principle for German and English Infinitive Complements" (Rudolf Thiem); and "Some Aspects of Modification in English and Polish--Pedagogical Implications" (Elzbieta Muskat-Tabakowska). A bibliography of English-Polish contrastive studies is also included. (MSE)

This issue of the journal includes these papers on contrastive linguistics: "Some Problems of YES-NO Answers" (Aleksander Szwedek); "Danish versus Russian. A Short Analysis of the Verb" (Christian Hougaard); "Polish SIE Constructions and Their English Counterparts" (Wojciech Kubinski); "More on the Time Reference and the Analysis of Tense" (Michael Sharwood Smith); "On Performatives" (Zenon Jaranowski); "Problems of Raised Constructions in English and Polish" (Alina Boniewicz); "Subject- and Topic-Prominence in Polish and English" (Wlodzimierz Rybarkiewicz); "Some Remarks on Multiple Negation in English and Polish" (Anna Charezinska); and "The Perception and Imitation of the British English [Phonemes--'TH'] by Polish Speakers" (Danuta Wolfram-Romanowska). A bibliography of English-Polish contrastive studies in Poland (Barbara Plocinska) is appended. (MSE)

This issue of the journal includes these papers on contrastive linguistics: "A Question of Imperatives" (Tom Wachtel); "Contrastive Sociolinguistics--Some Methodological Considerations" (Karol Janicki); "How to Describe Phonological Variation" (Thomas Herok, Livia Tonelli); "Towards a Contrastive Pragmalinguistics" (Philip Riley); "The Perception and Imitation of Aspiration by Polish Speakers" (Danuta Wolfram-Romanowska); "Some Aspects of the So-Called Verbal Deletion in English and Polish" (Malgorzata Gorna); "The Transfer of Communicative Competence" (Carl James); "Equivalence in Phonology: The Case of Finnish Stops vs. English Stops" (Kari Suomi); "Towards a Pedagogical Contrastive Phonology" (Wieslaw Awedyk); and "Contrastive Studies and Interlanguage" (Janusz Arabski). (MSE)

This issue of the journal includes these papers on contrastive linguistics: "The Impersonal Sentence in Russian and Romanian" (Suzanne Whalen); "Differential Identity Between Languages--A Study of Assertion and Interrogation in French and English" (William A. Bennett); "The Use of the Article in English and Hungarian: A Contrastive Analysis" (Eva A. Stephanides); "A Semantic Analysis of WHO, WHAT, WHOSE, and WHICH and their Counterparts in Polish" (Wieslaw Oleksy); "Some Remarks on the Verbs of Perception in English and Polish" (Barbara Kryk); and "What Differences Are There Between Finns and Swedish-Speaking Finns Learning English?" (Hakan Ringbom). (MSE)

This collection includes twenty-one papers, a book review, and a bibliography of English-Polish contrastive studies in Poland, and is the fifth volume resulting from the Polish-English Contrastive Project. The overall purpose of the project is to prepare a Polish-English contrastive grammar and to develop pedagogical materials. Topics covered in the papers include the role of translation in contrastive studies, stress, word order, and phonological rules in English and Polish, contrastive lexicology and word formation, active and passive sentences and subject-verb concord in the two languages, the semantics of questions and answers, kinship terms, and error analysis as it relates to interference in language learning. (CLK)

The Center for Applied Linguistics, in Cooperation with Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland, undertook to cover experimentally, for a period of 18 months, foreign language Journal material on applied linguistics published in Central and Eastern Europe and to select for abstracting, and in some cases, translation, articles of particular interest to American linguists, language scholars and educators. Since a serious information gap has existed in this area, that is, articles appearing in Central and East European journals are seldom written in, or translated into, English, American scholars and educators have been unable to follow or benefit from much of the research carried out by scholars in Central and Eastern Europe. This has led on occasion to an unnecessary duplication of research efforts. Over a period of 18 months, 166 journals were scanned, and a total of 554 abstracts (appended to this report) were prepared and submitted to an advisory panel for evaluation. On the basis of the panel's evaluation, 88 articles were selected for full translation. The full translations of these 88 articles have been placed with the National Translations Center of the John Crerar Library in Chicago. This report provides a list of the articles and journals included in the project. The abstracts appended to the report are grouped by country. (Author/CFM)