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573 results on '"Adachi E"'

1. Anti‐BP180 , pruritus, and thymus and activation‐regulated chemokines as surrogate markers for disease activity in bullous pemphigoid

Author

Wada, S., primary, Komori, T., additional, de Jesus, C.S., additional, Nomura, T., additional, Komura, T., additional, Yonekura, S., additional, Shibuya, R., additional, Adachi, E., additional, Sakurai, Y., additional, Ishikawa, M., additional, Usui, S., additional, Kambe, N., additional, and Kabashima, K., additional

Published
2022
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16. Geospatial Analyses of Recent Household Surveys to Assess Changes in the Distribution of Zero-Dose Children and Their Associated Factors before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria

Author

Justice Moses K. Aheto, Iyanuloluwa Deborah Olowe, Ho Man Theophilus Chan, Adachi Ekeh, Boubacar Dieng, Biyi Fafunmi, Hamidreza Setayesh, Brian Atuhaire, Jessica Crawford, Andrew J. Tatem, and Chigozie Edson Utazi

Subjects
MCV1 coverage, DTP1 coverage, composite coverage, zero-dose prevalence, Demographic and Health Surveys, Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Medicine
Abstract

The persistence of geographic inequities in vaccination coverage often evidences the presence of zero-dose and missed communities and their vulnerabilities to vaccine-preventable diseases. These inequities were exacerbated in many places during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, due to severe disruptions to vaccination services. Understanding changes in zero-dose prevalence and its associated risk factors in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is, therefore, critical to designing effective strategies to reach vulnerable populations. Using data from nationally representative household surveys conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic, in 2018, and during the pandemic, in 2021, in Nigeria, we fitted Bayesian geostatistical models to map the distribution of three vaccination coverage indicators: receipt of the first dose of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-containing vaccine (DTP1), the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1), and any of the four basic vaccines (bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG), oral polio vaccine (OPV0), DTP1, and MCV1), and the corresponding zero-dose estimates independently at a 1 × 1 km resolution and the district level during both time periods. We also explored changes in the factors associated with non-vaccination at the national and regional levels using multilevel logistic regression models. Our results revealed no increases in zero-dose prevalence due to the pandemic at the national level, although considerable increases were observed in a few districts. We found substantial subnational heterogeneities in vaccination coverage and zero-dose prevalence both before and during the pandemic, showing broadly similar patterns in both time periods. Areas with relatively higher zero-dose prevalence occurred mostly in the north and a few places in the south in both time periods. We also found consistent areas of low coverage and high zero-dose prevalence using all three zero-dose indicators, revealing the areas in greatest need. At the national level, risk factors related to socioeconomic/demographic status (e.g., maternal education), maternal access to and utilization of health services, and remoteness were strongly associated with the odds of being zero dose in both time periods, while those related to communication were mostly relevant before the pandemic. These associations were also supported at the regional level, but we additionally identified risk factors specific to zero-dose children in each region; for example, communication and cross-border migration in the northwest. Our findings can help guide tailored strategies to reduce zero-dose prevalence and boost coverage levels in Nigeria.

Published
2023
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27. Localization of human placental glucose transporter 1 during pregnancy. An immunohistochemical study

Author

Tadokoro, C., Yoshimoto, Y., Sakata, M., Fujimiya, M., Kurachi, H., Adachi, E., Maeda, T., and Miyake, A.

Subjects
Placenta, embryonic structures, 6 - Ciencias aplicadas::61 - Medicina::618 - Ginecología. Obstetricia [CDU], reproductive and urinary physiology, Human
Abstract

To elucidate the potential roles of glucose transporter 1 (GLUTl) in human placenta during pregnancy, we examined the localization of GLUTl in human placenta at various stages by immunohistochemistry with an anti-GLUT1 antibody by use of both light and electron microscopy. Specific staining for GLUTl was localized on the apical brush border and along the basal plasma membrane of the syncytiotrophoblasts. The staining at the apical side was more intense than that at the basal side during the early stages of gestation. In later gestational stages, however, the staining pattern at the apical side became blurred and the staining intensity at the basal side increased. The cytotrophoblasts, seen embedded in the basal part of the syncytiotrophoblasts, seemed to show immunoreactivity for GLUTl along the plasma membranes at the lightmicroscopic level. However, immuno-electron microscopic analysis with either pre- or post-embedding methods revealed that specific staining for GLUTl was hardly observed on the cytotrophoblasts, but the cytotrophoblasts were often surrounded by immunoreactive processes of syncytiotrophoblasts. The blood capillaries and erythrocytes in the stroma of placental villi were always immunoreactive for GLUTl throughout pregnancy. These findings suggest that GLUTl may play a vital role in human pregnancy.

Published
1996

33. A novel chain of basement membrane-associated collagen as revealed by biochemical and immunohistochemical characterizations of the epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody against human placenta basement membrane collagen

Author

Kino, J., Adachi, E., Yoshida, T., Asamatsu, C., Nakajima, K., Yamamoto, K., and Hayashi, T.

Subjects
Epitopes, Placenta, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Collagen, Microscopy, Immunoelectron, Biochemistry, Immunohistochemistry, Basement Membrane, Research Article
Abstract

Biochemical and immunohistochemical characterizations of the epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody, JK-132, originally produced against human type IV collagen showed that it was distinct from the previously reported monoclonal antibody, JK-199 (Kino et al, J Biochem 1988, 103:829-835). The bound fraction of a crude pepsin extract of human placenta on JK-132 antibody-coupled resin showed close similarity to type IV collagen in a triple-helical conformation in terms of the amino acid composition and circular dichroism spectrum. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the fraction showed six peptide bands with molecular weights of 50,000 or below, both before and after reduction. Four of the peptides reacted with JK-132 on immunoelectroblotting, but none reacted with JK-199. JK-132 reacted with two additional bands with molecular weights of 100,000 and 120,000, which were not visible on direct staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250. Two peptides (molecular weights 40,000 and 15,000) bound on a JK-199 antibody affinity column were sequenced, and both contained the same amino-terminal sequences as alpha 1(IV) chain. Conversely the sequences of three of the peptides (molecular weights 50,000, 32,000, and 23,000) eluted from a JK-132 antibody affinity column did not match either the alpha 1(IV) or the alpha 2(IV) sequence reported. Immunohistochemically, JK-132 reacted strongly with basement membranes of blood capillaries in skeletal muscle tissues but not with the basement membranes of muscle fibers in frozen sections of periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde-fixed tissue, suggesting heterogeneity or tissue specificity of basement membrane collagen. By immunoelectron microscopy, the reaction products were found on the basal laminae of endothelium and of smooth muscle cells around blood vessels. These findings suggest the presence of a new collagen chain associated with basal laminae.

Published
1991

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