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Chiral superconductivity exhibits the formation of novel electron pairs that breaks the time-reversal symmetry and has been actively studied in various quantum materials in recent years. However, despite its potential to provide definitive information, effects of disorder in the crystal structure on the chiral superconductivity has not yet been clarified, and therefore the investigation using a solid-solution system is desirable. We report muon-spin-relaxation (muSR) results of layered pnictide BaPtAs_1-x_Sb_x_ with a honeycomb network composed of Pt and (As, Sb). We observed an increase of the zero-field muon-spin relaxation rate in the superconducting (SC) state at the Sb end of x=1.0, suggesting the occurrence of spontaneous magnetic field due to the time-reversal symmetry breaking in the SC state. On the other hand, spontaneous magnetic field was almost and completely suppressed for the As-Sb mixed samples of x=0.9 and 0.2, respectively, suggesting that the time-reversal symmetry breaking SC state in x=1.0 is sensitive to disorder. The magnetic penetration depth estimated from transverse-field muSR measurements at x=1.0 and 0.2 behaved like weak-coupling s-wave superconductivity. These seemingly incompatible zero-field and transverse-field muSR results of BaPtAs_1-x_Sb_x_ with x=1.0 could be understood in terms of chiral d-wave superconductivity with point nodes on the three-dimensional Fermi surface., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

We study the electronic structure of electron-doped Pr$_{1.3-x}$La$_{0.7}$Ce$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ (PLCCO ; $T_{c}$ = 27 K, x = 0.1) and hole-doped Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ (Bi2212 ; $T_{c}$ = 90 K) cuprate superconductors using x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant photoemission spectroscopy (Res-PES). From Res-PES across the O K-edge and Cu L-edge, we identify the O 2p and Cu 3d partial density of states (PDOS) and their correlation satellites which originate in two-hole Auger final states. Using the Cini-Sawatzky method, analysis of the experimental O 2p PDOS shows an oxygen on-site Coulomb energy for PLCCO to be $U_{p}$ = 3.3$\pm$0.5 eV and for Bi2212, $U_{p}$ = 5.6$\pm$0.5 eV, while the copper on-site Coulomb correlation energy, $U_{d}$ = 6.5$\pm$0.5 eV for Bi2212. The expression for the Heisenberg exchange interaction $J$ in terms of the electronic parameters $U_{d}$, $U_{p}$, charge-transfer energy $\Delta$ and Cu-O hopping $t_{pd}$ obtained from a simple Cu$_2$O cluster model is used to carry out an optimization analysis consistent with $J$ known from scattering experiments. The analysis also provides the effective one band on-site Coulomb correlation energy $\tilde{U}$ and the effective hopping $\tilde{t}$. PLCCO and Bi2212 are shown to exhibit very similar values of $\tilde{U}$/$\tilde{t}$ $\sim$9-10, confirming the strongly correlated nature of the singlet ground state in the effective one-band model for both the materials., Comment: 13, pages, 11 figures

The ability to efficiently control charge and spin in the cuprate high-temperature superconductors is crucial for fundamental research and underpins technological development. Here, we explore the tunability of magnetism, superconductivity and crystal structure in the stripe phase of the cuprate La_2-xBa_xCuO_4, with x = 0.115 and 0.135, by employing temperature-dependent (down to 400 mK) muon-spin rotation and AC susceptibility, as well as X-ray scattering experiments under compressive uniaxial stress in the CuO_2 plane. A sixfold increase of the 3-dimensional (3D) superconducting critical temperature T_c and a full recovery of the 3D phase coherence is observed in both samples with the application of extremely low uniaxial stress of 0.1 GPa. This finding demonstrates the removal of the well-known 1/8-anomaly of cuprates by uniaxial stress. On the other hand, the spin-stripe order temperature as well as the magnetic fraction at 400 mK show only a modest decrease under stress. Moreover, the onset temperatures of 3D superconductivity and spin-stripe order are very similar in the large stress regime. However, a substantial decrease of the magnetic volume fraction and a full suppression of the low-temperature tetragonal structure is found at elevated temperatures, which is a necessary condition for the development of the 3D superconducting phase with optimal T_c. Our results evidence a remarkable cooperation between the long-range static spin-stripe order and the underlying crystalline order with the three-dimensional fully coherent superconductivity. Overall, these results suggest that the stripe- and the SC order may have a common physical mechanism., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. This work builds on our earlier findings on LBCO, arXiv:2008.01159, and substantially expands it

We present an in-situ uniaxial pressure device optimized for small angle X-ray and neutron scattering experiments at low-temperatures and high magnetic fields. A stepper motor generates force, which is transmitted to the sample via a rod with integrated transducer that continuously monitors the force. The device has been designed to generate forces up to 200 N in both compressive and tensile configurations and a feedback control allows operating the system in a continuous-pressure mode as the temperature is changed. The uniaxial pressure device can be used for various instruments and multiple cryostats through simple and exchangeable adapters. It is compatible with multiple sample holders, which can be easily changed depending on the sample properties and the desired experiment and allow rapid sample changes.

We studied the band structure of NdFeAs$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$O$_{0.9}$F$_{0.1}$ ($x$ = 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements. Two of the hole bands, ${\alpha}_1$ $(d_{xz})$ and ${\alpha}_3$ $(d_{z^2})$, were observed at the Brillouin zone center in the $P$-polarized light configuration, while the other two hole bands, ${\alpha}_2$ $(d_{yz})$ and ${\gamma}$ $(d_{xy})$, were observed in the $S$-polarized alternative. The observed ${\gamma}$ band shifts downwards as $x$ increases, which is consistent with the theoretical prediction for the change in bond angle of As/P-Fe-As/P. Furthermore, a small amount of the $d_{xy}$ orbital component was observed at the same binding energy as that of the top of the ${\alpha}_1$ band, thus indicating the band reconstruction of the originally degenerate ${\alpha}_1$ and ${\alpha}_2$ $(d_{xz}/d_{yz})$ bands by the unoccupied $d_{xy}$ band. The change in the energy level of the ${\alpha}_1$ band top with $d_{xy}$ orbital character is accompanied by a $T_{c}$ upturn at $0.2 < x < 0.4$. The $T_{c}$ continues to increase as the ${\alpha}_1$ band shifts downward, crossing the Fermi level. The incipient band with the $d_{xy}$ orbital character on its top could be an important ingredient for high $T_{c}$ 1111-type iron-based superconductors., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B

We investigated Fe-substitution effects on ferromagnetic fluctuations in the superconducting overdoped and non-superconducting heavily overdoped regimes of the Bi-2201 cuprates by the magnetization and electrical-resistivity measurements. It was found that the spin-glass state was induced at low temperatures by the Fe substitution. The Curie constant and the effective Bohr magneton, estimated from the magnetic susceptibility, as well as the dimensionality of the ferromagnetic fluctuations from the resistivity, suggest the enhancement of the ferromagnetic fluctuations owing to the Fe substitution. A ferromagnetic spin-cluster model is proposed in the heavily overdoped regime of Bi-2201, while an antiferromagnetic spin-cluster model has been proposed in the overdoped regime of Bi-2201 [Hiraka et al., Phys. Rev. B 81, 144501 (2010)]., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Muon spin rotation/relaxation measurements were performed to investigate magnetic properties of FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ thin films on LaAlO$_3$. A drastic decrease of the initial asymmetry was observed together with the peak structure in the temperature dependence of the relaxation rate of muon spins almost at the same temperature where kink anomalies were observed in the temperature dependent resistivity. With increasing S content, the anomaly temperature increased and the magnetic fluctuations at the lowest temperature were suppressed. These results show that the S substitution induces magnetism at low temperatures in FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ thin films. Although the behaviors of the magnetic and nematic phases in FeSe films towards chemical pressure by S substitution are similar to those for bulk FeSe towards hydrostatic pressure, the behavior of $T_{\mathrm c}$ is significantly different between these systems. Our results demonstrate that the detailed comparative investigation among physical and chemical pressure effects is essentially important to understand the interplay of the magnetism, the nematicity and the superconductivity in iron chalcogenides., Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures

We report muon spin rotation and magnetic susceptibility experiments on in-plane stress effects on the static spin-stripe order and superconductivity in the cuprate system La2-xBaxCuO4 with x = 0.115. An extremely low uniaxial stress of 0.1 GPa induces a substantial decrease in the magnetic volume fraction and a dramatic rise in the onset of 3D superconductivity, from 10 to 32 K; however, the onset of at-least-2D superconductivity is much less sensitive to stress. These results show not only that large-volume-fraction spin-stripe order is anti-correlated with 3D superconducting (SC) coherence, but also that these states are energetically very finely balanced. Moreover, the onset temperatures of 3D superconductivity and spin-stripe order are very similar in the large stress regime. These results strongly suggest a similar pairing mechanism for spin-stripe order, the spatially-modulated 2D and uniform 3D SC orders, imposing an important constraint on theoretical models., Comment: To appear in Physical Review Letters (2020)

We present a combined soft x-ray and high-resolution vacuum-ultraviolet angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the electron-overdoped cuprate Pr$_{1.3-x}$La$_{0.7}$Ce$_{x}$CuO$_4$ (PLCCO). Demonstration of its highly two-dimensional band structure enabled precise determination of the in-plane self-energy dominated by electron-electron scattering. Through analysis of this self-energy and the Fermi-liquid cut-off energy scale, we find -- in contrast to hole-doped cuprates -- a momentum isotropic and comparatively weak electron correlation in PLCCO. Yet, the self-energies extracted from multiple oxide systems combine to demonstrate a logarithmic divergent relation between the quasiparticle scattering rate and mass. This constitutes a spectroscopic version of the Kadowaki-Woods relation with an important merit -- the demonstration of Fermi liquid quasiparticle lifetime and mass being set by a single energy scale.

The electron-doped cuprates are usually characterized by a more robust antiferromagnetic phase and a much narrower superconducting (SC) dome than those of the hole-doped counterparts. Recently, bulk single crystals of Pr1.3-xLa0.7CexCuO4-{\delta} (PLCCO) prepared by the protect annealing method have been studied extensively and revealed many intriguing properties that were different from those obtained from samples annealed by the conventional methods. Here, we report on a systematic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of PLCCO single crystals after protect annealing. The results indicate that the actual electron concentration (nFS ) estimated from the Fermi-surface area is significantly larger than the Ce concentration x and the new nFS-based SC dome of PLCCO is more extended towards the overdoped side than the x-based SC dome derived for samples prepared using the conventional annealing method.

We report comprehensive temperature and doping-dependences of the Raman scattering spectra for $\mathrm{BaFe_{2}}(\mathrm{As}_{1-x}\mathrm{P}_{x}\mathrm{)_{2}}$ ($x =$ 0, 0.07, 0.24, 0.32, and 0.38), focusing on the nematic fluctuation and the superconducting responses. With increasing $x$, the bare nematic transition temperature estimated from the Raman spectra reaches $T =$ 0 K at the optimal doping, which indicates a quantum critical point (QCP) at this composition. In the superconducting compositions, in addition to the pair breaking peaks observed in the $A_{\mathrm{1g}}$ and $B_{\mathrm{1g}}$ spectra, another strong $B_{\mathrm{1g}}$ peak appears below the superconducting transition temperature which is ascribed to the nematic resonance peak. The observation of this peak indicates significant nematic correlations in the superconducting state near the QCP in this compound., Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, to be published in PRB

We use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering to investigate charge-stripe correlations in La$_{1.675}$Eu$_{0.2}$Sr$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$. By differentiating elastic from inelastic scattering, it is demonstrated that charge-stripe correlations precede both the structural low-temperature tetragonal phase and the transport-defined pseudogap onset. The scattering peak amplitude from charge stripes decays approximately as $T^{-2}$ towards our detection limit. The in-plane integrated intensity, however, remains roughly temperature independent. Therefore, although the incommensurability shows a remarkably large increase at high temperature, our results are interpreted via a single scattering constituent. In fact, direct comparison to other stripe-ordered compounds (La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$, La$_{1.475}$Nd$_{0.4}$Sr$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$ and La$_{1.875}$Sr$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$) suggests a roughly constant integrated scattering intensity across all these compounds. Our results therefore provide a unifying picture for the charge-stripe ordering in La-based cuprates. As charge correlations in La$_{1.675}$Eu$_{0.2}$Sr$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$ extend beyond the low-temperature tetragonal and pseudogap phase, their emergence heralds a spontaneous symmetry breaking in this compound.

In this work, we develop two spectroscopic diagnostic methods to derive the peak reduced electric field in Transient Luminous Events (TLEs) from their optical signals. These methods could be used to analyze the optical signature of TLEs reported by spacecraft such as ASIM (ESA) and the future TARANIS (CNES). As a first validation of these methods, we apply them to the predicted (synthetic) optical signatures of halos and elves, two type of TLEs, obtained from electrodynamical models. This procedure allows us to compare the inferred value of the peak reduced electric field with the value computed by halo and elve models. Afterward, we apply both methods to the analysis of optical signatures of elves and halos reported by GLIMS (JAXA) and ISUAL (NSPO) spacecraft, respectively. We conclude that the best emission ratios to estimate the maximum reduced electric field in halos and elves are the ratio of the Second Positive System (SPS) of N$_2$ to First Negative System (FNS) of N$_2^+$, the First Positive System (FPS) of N$_2$ to FNS of N$_2^+$ and the Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) band of N$_2$ to FNS of N$_2^+$. In the case of reduced electric fields below 150~Td, we found that the ratio of the SPS of N$_2$ to FPS of N$_2$ can also be used to reasonably estimate the value of the field. Finally, we show that the reported optical signals from elves can be treated following an inversion method in order to estimate some of the characteristics of the parent lightning.

We have measured temperature and magnetic field dependences of the thermal conductivity along the c-axis, kc, and that along the [110] direction, k110, of CuB2O4 single crystals in zero field and magnetic fields along the c-axis and along the [110] direction. It has been found that the thermal conductivity is nearly isotropic and very large in zero field and that the thermal conductivity due to phonons is dominant in CuB2O4. The temperature and field dependences of kc and k110 have markedly changed at phase boundaries in the magnetic phase diagram, which has been understood to be due to the change of the mean free path of phonons caused by the change of the phonon-spin scattering rate at the phase boundaries. It has been concluded that thermal conductivity measurements are very effective for detecting magnetic phase boundaries., Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures

In order to investigate the low-energy antiferromagnetic Cu-spin correlation and its relation to the superconductivity, we have performed muon spin relaxation (muSR) measurements using single crystals of the electron-doped high-Tc cuprate Pr_1-x_LaCe_x_CuO_4_ in the overdoped regime. The muSR spectra have revealed that the Cu-spin correlation is developed in the overdoped samples where the superconductivity appears. The development of the Cu-spin correlation weakens with increasing x and is negligibly small in the heavily overdoped sample where the superconductivity almost disappears. Considering that the Cu-spin correlation also exist in the superconducting electron-doped cuprates in the undoped and underdoped regimes [T. Adachi et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 85, 114716 (2016)], our findings suggest that the mechanism of the superconductivity is related to the low-energy Cu-spin correlation in the entire doping regime of the electron-doped cuprates., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. B, in press

For electron-doped cuprates, the strong suppression of antiferromagnetic spin correlation by efficient reduction annealing by the "protect-annealing" method leads to superconductivity not only with lower Ce concentrations but also with higher transition temperatures. To reveal the nature of this superconducting state, we have performed angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements of protect-annealed electron-doped superconductors Pr$_{1.3-x}$La$_{0.7}$Ce$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ and directly investigated the superconducting gap. The gap was found to be consistent with $d$-wave symmetry, suggesting that strong electron correlation persists and hence antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations remain a candidate that mediates Copper pairing in the protect-annealed electron-doped cuprates.

We investigate spectral theory for a large class of one-body Stark Hamiltonians using a commutator technique. Our results include Rellich's theorem, the limiting absorption principle, radiation condition bounds and Sommerfeld's uniqueness theorem, all stated and proved in the framework of Besov spaces.

We study the stationary scattering theory for a perturbed 1-body Stark operator. We prove existence and completeness of the stationary wave operators, construct the associated generalized Fourier transforms, and characterize asymptotics of the generalized eigenfunctions of minimal growths in terms of the stationary scattering matrix.

A comprehensive angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the band structure in single layer cuprates is presented with the aim of uncovering universal trends across different materials. Five different hole- and electron-doped cuprate superconductors (La$_{1.59}$Eu$_{0.2}$Sr$_{0.21}$CuO$_4$, La$_{1.77}$Sr$_{0.23}$CuO$_4$, Bi$_{1.74}$Pb$_{0.38}$Sr$_{1.88}$CuO$_{6+\delta}$, Tl$_{2}$Ba$_{2}$CuO$_{6+\delta}$, and Pr$_{1.15}$La$_{0.7}$Ce$_{0.15}$CuO$_{4}$) have been studied with special focus on the bands with predominately $d$-orbital character. Using light polarization analysis, the $e_g$ and $t_{2g}$ bands are identified across these materials. A clear correlation between the $d_{3z^2-r^2}$ band energy and the apical oxygen distance $d_\mathrm{A}$ is demonstrated. Moreover, the compound dependence of the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ band bottom and the $t_{2g}$ band top is revealed. Direct comparison to density functional theory (DFT) calculations employing hybrid exchange-correlation functionals demonstrates excellent agreement. We thus conclude that the DFT methodology can be used to describe the global band structure of overdoped single layer cuprates on both the hole and electron doped side.

We report the Raman scattering measurements on the triple layer Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (Bi2223) crystals of four different doping levels from slightly overdoped to strongly underdoped regimes. We observed a double pair-breaking peak in the antinodal B1g configuration that we attribute to the two antinodal gaps opening on the outer and inner CuO2-plane (OP and IP) band, respectively. The doping dependence of the pair-breaking peak energy was investigated. Considering the difference in doping level between the IP and OP, all the B1g pair-breaking peak energies for OP and IP were found to align on a single line as a function of doping, which is consistent with the previous results on the double and mono-layer cuprates. Within our experimental accuracy the IP and OP peaks start to appear almost at the same temperature. These findings suggest some sort of interaction between the layers. The observed gap energy is very large, not scaling with Tc., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted in PRB

Evolution of Fermi surface (FS) states of NdFeAs$_{1-x}$P$_x$O$_{0.9}$F$_{0.1}$ single crystals with As/P substitution has been investigated. The critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$ and the power law exponent ($n$) of temperature-dependent resistivity ($\rho(T) = \rho_0 + AT^n$) show a clear correlation above $x=$0.2, suggesting that $T_{\rm c}$ is enhanced with increasing bosonic fluctuation in the same type of FS state. Around $x=$0.2, all the transport properties show anomalies, indicating that $x$$\sim$0.2 is the critical composition of drastic FS change. The angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy has more directly revealed the distinct change of FS around $x=$0.2, that one hole FS disappears at Brillouin zone center and the other FS with propeller like shape appears at zone corner with decreasing $x$. These results are indicative of the existence of two types of FS state with different nesting conditions that are related with two $T_{\rm c}$-rising mechanisms in this system., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures

We develop a new scheme of proofs for spectral theory of the $N$-body Schr\"odinger operators, reproducing and extending a series of sharp results under minimum conditions. Our main results include Rellich's theorem, limiting absorption principle bounds, microlocal resolvent bounds, H\"older continuity of the resolvent and a microlocal Sommerfeld uniqueness result. We present a new proof of Rellich's theorem which is unified with exponential decay estimates studied previously only for $L^2$-eigenfunctions. Each pair-potential is a sum of a long-range term with first order derivatives, a short-range term without derivatives and a singular term of operator- or form-bounded type, and the setup includes hard-core interaction. Our proofs consist of a systematic use of commutators with `zeroth order' operators. In particular they do not rely on Mourre's differential inequality technique., Comment: 38 pages

The pseudogap phenomena have been a long-standing mystery of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. Unlike the pseudogap in hole-doped cuprates, however, the pseudogap in the electron-doped counterpart has been attributed to band folding due to short-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) order. We performed angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements on electron-doped cuprates showing spin-glass and disordered AFM behaviors at low temperatures, and found that the gap magnitude \textit{decreases} in the antinodal region contrary to the hole-doped case. Moreover, the gap opening position was not always on the AFM Brillouin zone boundary in contradiction with the requirement of the AFM band-folding picture. These features are consistent with cluster dynamical-mean-field-theory calculations which predict an $s$-symmetry pseudogap that shrinks in the andinodal region. The present results support the scenario that the proximity to the Mott insulator, without relying on the well-developed AFM correlation, gives rise to a momentum-dependent pseudogap of $s$-symmetry with indirect gap commonly in the electron-doped and hole-doped cuprates, implying a universal origin of the pseudogap with a similarity to the Mott gap formation.

In this review article, we show our recent results relating to the undoped (Ce-free) superconductivity in the electron-doped high-Tc cuprates with the so-called T' structure. For an introduction, we briefly mention the characteristics of the electron-doped T'-cuprates, including the reduction annealing, conventional phase diagram and undoped superconductivity. Then, our transport and magnetic results and results relating to the superconducting pairing symmetry of the undoped and underdoped T'-cuprates are shown. Collaborating spectroscopic and nuclear magnetic resonance results are also shown briefly. It has been found that, through the reduction annealing, a strongly localized state of carriers accompanied by an antiferromagnetic pseudogap in the as-grown samples changes to a metallic and superconducting state with a short-range magnetic order in the reduced superconducting samples. The formation of the short-range magnetic order due to a very small amount of excess oxygen in the reduced superconducting samples suggests that the T'-cuprates exhibiting the undoped superconductivity in the parent compounds are regarded as strongly correlated electron systems, as well as the hole-doped high-Tc cuprates. We show our proposed electronic structure model to understand the undoped superconductivity. Finally, unsolved future issues of the T'-cuprates are discussed., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures

High-pressure neutron powder diffraction, muon-spin rotation and magnetization studies of the structural, magnetic and the superconducting properties of the Ce-underdoped superconducting (SC) electron-doped cuprate system T'-Pr_1.3-xLa_0.7Ce_xCuO_4 with x = 0.1 are reported. A strong reduction of the lattice constants a and c is observed under pressure. However, no indication of any pressure induced phase transition from T' to T structure is observed up to the maximum applied pressure of p = 11 GPa. Large and non-linear increase of the short-range magnetic order temperature T_so in T'-Pr_1.3-xLa_0.7Ce_xCuO_4 (x = 0.1) was observed under pressure. Simultaneously pressure causes a non-linear decrease of the SC transition temperature T_c. All these experiments establish the short-range magnetic order as an intrinsic and a new competing phase in SC T'-Pr_1.2La_0.7Ce_0.1CuO_4. The observed pressure effects may be interpreted in terms of the improved nesting conditions through the reduction of the in-plane and out-of-plane lattice constants upon hydrostatic pressure., Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures

It is inferred from bulk-sensitive muon Knight shift measurement for a Bi$_{1.76}$Pb$_{0.35}$Sr$_{1.89}$CuO$_{6+\delta}$ single-layer cuprate that metal-insulator (MI) transition (in the low temperature limit, $T\rightarrow0$) occurs at the critical hole concentration $p=p_{\rm MI}=0.09(1)$, where the electronic density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level is reduced to zero by the pseudogap irrespective of the N\'eel order or spin glass magnetism. Superconductivity also appears for $p>p_{\rm MI}$, suggesting that this feature is controlled by the MI transition. More interestingly, the magnitude of the DOS reduction induced by the pseudogap remains unchanged over a wide doping range ($0.1\le p\le0.2$), indicating that the pseudogap remains as a hallmark of the MI transition for $p>p_{\rm MI}$., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, with a supplemental material (4 pages)

With the R$^{3}$B-LAND setup at GSI we have measured exclusive relative-energy spectra of the Coulomb dissociation of $^{18}$C at a projectile energy around 425~AMeV on a lead target, which are needed to determine the radiative neutron-capture cross sections of $^{17}$C into the ground state of $^{18}$C. Those data have been used to constrain theoretical calculations for transitions populating excited states in $^{18}$C. This allowed to derive the astrophysical cross section $\sigma^{*}_{\mathrm{n}\gamma}$ accounting for the thermal population of $^{17}$C target states in astrophysical scenarios. The experimentally verified capture rate is significantly lower than those of previously obtained Hauser-Feshbach estimations at temperatures $T_{9}\leq{}1$~GK. Network simulations with updated neutron-capture rates and hydrodynamics according to the neutrino-driven wind model as well as the neutron-star merger scenario reveal no pronounced influence of neutron capture of $^{17}$C on the production of second- and third-peak elements in contrast to earlier sensitivity studies.

Background: Models describing nuclear fragmentation and fragmentation-fission deliver important input for planning nuclear physics experiments and future radioactive ion beam facilities. These models are usually benchmarked against data from stable beam experiments. In the future, two-step fragmentation reactions with exotic nuclei as stepping stones are a promising tool to reach the most neutron-rich nuclei, creating a need for models to describe also these reactions. Purpose: We want to extend the presently available data on fragmentation reactions towards the light exotic region on the nuclear chart. Furthermore, we want to improve the understanding of projectile fragmentation especially for unstable isotopes. Method: We have measured projectile fragments from 10,12-18C and 10-15B isotopes colliding with a carbon target. These measurements were all performed within one experiment, which gives rise to a very consistent dataset. We compare our data to model calculations. Results: One-proton removal cross sections with different final neutron numbers (1pxn) for relativistic 10,12-18C and 10-15B isotopes impinging on a carbon target. Comparing model calculations to the data, we find that EPAX is not able to describe the data satisfactorily. Using ABRABLA07 on the other hand, we find that the average excitation energy per abraded nucleon needs to be decreased from 27 MeV to 8.1 MeV. With that decrease ABRABLA07 describes the data surprisingly well. Conclusions: Extending the available data towards light unstable nuclei with a consistent set of new data have allowed for a systematic investigation of the role of the excitation energy induced in projectile fragmentation. Most striking is the apparent mass dependence of the average excitation energy per abraded nucleon. Nevertheless, this parameter, which has been related to final-state interactions, requires further study.

In order to investigate the electronic state of Ce-free and Ce-underdoped high-Tc cuprates with the so-called T' structure, we have performed muon-spin-relaxation (muSR) and specific-heat measurements of Ce-free T'-La_1.8_Eu_0.2_CuO_4+d_ (T'-LECO) polycrystals and Ce-underdoped T'-Pr_1.3-x_La_0.7_Ce_x_CuO_4+d_ (T'-PLCCO) single crystals with x=0.10. The muSR spectra of the reduced superconducting samples of both T'-LECO with Tc=15K and T'-PLCCO with x=0.10 and Tc=27K have revealed that a short-range magnetic order coexists with the superconductivity in the ground state. The formation of a short-range magnetic order due to a tiny amount of excess oxygen in the reduced superconducting samples strongly suggest that the Ce-free and Ce-underdoped T'-cuprates are regarded as strongly correlated electron systems., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. For the supplementary materials, please contact the corresponding author

The $^{22}$Ne($\alpha$,n)$^{25}$Mg reaction is the dominant neutron source for the slow neutron capture process ($s$-process) in massive stars and contributes, together with the $^{13}$C($\alpha$,n)$^{16}$O, to the production of neutrons for the $s$-process in Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. However, the reaction is endothermic and competes directly with the $^{22}$Ne($\alpha,\gamma)^{26}$Mg radiative capture. The uncertainties for both reactions are large owing to the uncertainty in the level structure of $^{26}$Mg near the alpha and neutron separation energies. These uncertainties are affecting the s-process nucleosynthesis calculations in theoretical stellar models. Indirect studies in the past have been successful in determining the energies, $\gamma$-ray and neutron widths of the $^{26}$Mg states in the energy region of interest. But, the high Coulomb barrier hinders a direct measurement of the resonance strengths, which are determined by the $\alpha$-widths for these states. The goal of the present experiments is to identify the critical resonance states and to precisely measure the $\alpha$-widths by $\alpha$ transfer techniques . Hence, the $\alpha$-inelastic scattering and $\alpha$-transfer measurements were performed on a solid $^{26}$Mg target and a $^{22}$Ne gas target, respectively, using the Grand Raiden Spectrometer at RCNP, Osaka, Japan. Six levels (E$_x$ = 10717 keV , 10822 keV, 10951 keV, 11085 keV, 11167 keV and 11317 keV) have been observed above the $\alpha$-threshold in the region of interest (10.61 - 11.32 MeV). The rates are dominated in both reaction channels by the resonance contributions of the states at E$_x$ = 10951, 11167 and 11317 keV. The E$_x$ =11167 keV has the most appreciable impact on the ($\alpha,\gamma$) rate and therefore plays an important role for the prediction of the neutron production in s-process environments.

The electric dipole strength distribution in 120Sn between 5 and 22 MeV has been determined at RCNP Osaka from a polarization transfer analysis of proton inelastic scattering at E_0 = 295 MeV and forward angles including 0{\deg}. Combined with photoabsorption data an electric dipole polarizability \alpha_D(120Sn) = 8.93(36) fm^3 is extracted. The dipole polarizability as isovector observable par excellence carries direct information on the nuclear symmetry energy and its density dependence. The correlation of the new value with the well established \alpha_D(208Pb) serves as a test of its prediction by nuclear energy density functionals (EDFs). Models based on modern Skyrme interactions describe the data fairly well while most calculations based on relativistic Hamiltonians cannot., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

To investigate the origin of the enhanced Tc ({\approx} 110 K) of the trilayer cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+{\delta} (Bi-2223), its underdoped single crystals are a critical requirement. Here, we demonstrate the first successful in-plane resistivity measurements of heavily underdoped Bi-2223 (zero-resistivity temperatures {\approx} 20~35 K). Detailed crystal growth methods, the annealing process, as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magnetic susceptibility measurement results are also reported., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 27th International Symposium on Superconductivity, ISS 2014, to appear in Physics Procedia

The electric dipole strength in 120Sn has been extracted from proton inelastic scattering experiments at E_p = 295 MeV and at forward angles including 0 degree. Below neutron threshoild it differs from the results of a 120Sn(gamma,gamma') experiment and peaks at an excitation energy of 8.3 MeV. The total strength corresponds to 2.3(2)% of the energy-weighted sum rule and is more than three times larger than what is observed with the (gamma,gamma') reaction. This implies a strong fragmentation of the E1 strength and/or small ground state branching ratios of the excited 1- states., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures

In the hole-doped cuprates, a small amount of carriers suppresses antiferromagnetism and induces superconductivity. In the electron-doped cuprates, on the other hand, superconductivity appears only in a narrow range of high electron concentration ($\sim$ doped Ce content) after reduction annealing, and strong antiferromagnetic (AFM) correlation persists in the superconducting phase. Recently, Pr$_{1.3-x}$La$_{0.7}$Ce$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ (PLCCO) bulk single crystals annealed by a "protect annealing" method showed a high $T_c$ of $\sim$ 27 K for small Ce content down to $x \sim 0.05$. By angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements of PLCCO crystals, we observed a sharp quasi-particle peak on the entire Fermi surface without signature of an AFM pseudogap unlike all the previous work, indicating a dramatic reduction of AFM correlation length and/or of magnetic moments. The superconducting state was found to extend over a wide electron concentration range. The present ARPES results fundamentally change the long-standing picture on the electronic structure in the electron-doped regime., Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures

Ultrafast spectroscopy is an emerging technique with great promise in the study of quantum materials, as it makes it possible to track similarities and correlations that are not evident near equilibrium. Thus far, however, the way in which these processes modify the electron self-energy---a fundamental quantity describing many-body interactions in a material---has been little discussed. Here we use time- and angle-resolved photoemission to directly measure the self-energy's ultrafast response to near-infrared photoexcitation in high-temperature cuprate superconductor. Below the superconductor's critical temperature, ultrafast excitations trigger a synchronous decrease of electron self-energy and superconducting gap, culminating in a saturation in the weakening of electron-boson coupling when the superconducting gap is fully quenched. In contrast, electron-boson coupling is unresponsive to ultrafast excitations above the superconductor's critical temperature and in the metallic state of a related material. These findings open a new pathway for studying transient self-energy and correlation effects in solids., Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures