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Results demonstrate that most marine bacteria are capable of producing anticyanobacterial substances in the absence of cyanide ion in the culture medium. Data reveal that purified anticyanobacterial substance is a beta-cyano-L-alanine.

Research was conducted to examine the structure of the ring cleavage product of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate, an intermediate of the phenanthrene-degradative pathway of Nocardioides sp. strain KP7. Separation was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography at pH 2.5 by mass spectroscopic and nuclear magnetic resonance methods. Results reveal that trans-2'-carboxybenzalpyruvate may possibly be the first stable product of dioxygenation of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate.

Intracellular responses in hyperosmotic shock in the halotolerant organism Brevibacterium sp. strain JCM 6894 were investigated. The cells exhibited different responses to shocks in fresh culture medium and in old culture medium. In fresh culture medium, growth was stimulated and the medium became more acidic while in the old medium, growth was repressed and the medium became more alkaline. Cells in fresh culture transiently accumulated alanine and glutamine in response to the shock.

Brevibacterium sp. (strain JCM 6894) is a different species from other members of the genus Brevibacterium. This was concluded following nuclear magnetic resonance analyses of compatible solutes in a halotolerant Brevibacterium sp. Glutamate, glycine betaine and hydroxyproline were the main compatible solutes in the cells at the lower osmolarity of complex medium. Ectoine was the predominant compatible solute at >1*5 M NaCl or KCl. In cells grown in chemically defined medium with 0-0*5 M NaCl, trehalose and glutamate were the main solutes. In the presence of >1*5 M NaCl and in complex medium, both ectoine and hydroxyectoine became dominant. Other compatible solutes identified were gamma-aminobutyrate and proline.

Measurement of internal Na+ levels in the halophilic archaeobacterium Brevibacterium sp., and non-halophilic Escherichia coli through 23Na NMR spectroscopy reveal that growth phase does not influence the internal Na+ levels, which remain constant after storage for five days at two degrees Celsius. Intracellular sodium level in Brevibacterium sp. increases with increasing extracellular NaCl levels, with or without yeast in the growth medium, while free Na+ accumulation in E. coli cells is higher. Both strains exhibit an inverse relationship between variations in Na+ levels and growth rate. Addition of osmoprotectants to NaCl does not alter the internal Na+ concentration in E. coli, while it is lowered in Brevibacterium sp.

Analysis of three hyperthermophilic sulphur-sensitive heterotrophic archaea, separated from a shallow submarine hydrothermal system, reveals that they grow at 60 to 97 degrees Celsius on proteinaceous mixtures such as Casamino Acids, yeast extract and purified proteins. Isolate KS-1 needs nine amino acids for its development, isolate KS-8 needs Tyr along with the nine amino acids and isolate KS-2 needs Lys along with the nine amino acids.

A carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster mediating the production of 2-hydroxyastaxanthin was studied when isolated from the marine bacterium Brevundimonas sp. strain SD212 by using a common gene (crtI) sequence. It produced a new carotenoid which has a strong inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation.