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Previous research has proposed a conceptual model of the relationships between motivation, emotions, cognition, and metacognition related to students' learning performance and validated it in a blended learning context that combines traditional learning with the use of educational technology. This study examined these relationships to test the hypothesis that the levels of some factors in a face-to-face learning environment differ from those in a blended learning context, finding that the conceptual model is valid for both settings. The role of positive emotions was significant in blended learning but not in face-to-face learning. Furthermore, help-seeking and peer learning were relevant only in blended learning. A positive relationship between academic motivations and metacognitive strategies was found in the face-to-face context, whereas one from motivations to metacognitive and cognitive strategies was found in the blended context. Negative emotions were present in both learning settings. This shows that the role of emotions is relevant to students' perceived success.

In Mexico, approximately 504,000 students pursue a bachelor's degree by means of distance or blended programmes. However, only 42% of these students conclude their degree on time. In the context of blended learning, the focus of this research is to present a causal model, based on a theoretical framework, which describes the relationships concerning motivations, emotions, cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies, and learning strategies, and their impact on learning performance. The results suggest that negative emotions play a meaningful role between expectancy (a component of motivation) and learning strategies. Also, the expectancy component of motivation positively influences metacognitive strategies. Concerning the relationship between cognition and metacognition, metacognitive strategies take preference concerning the relationship between metacognitive and learning strategies, supporting the theoretical hypothesis that metacognitive processes are on a higher plane than cognition, and affect cognitive process directly. Moreover, the learning outcomes are directly influenced by cognitive and learning strategies, but not by metacognitive ones. Similarly, motivation has direct effects on metacognitive and learning strategies but not on cognitive ones.

This study explores student attitudes to the use of substantive on-line assessments that require mathematical answers. Since there is limited guidance available for their use in a university setting, our goal is to learn what are the important aspects in student acceptance of e-assessments that support learning of mathematical subjects in higher education. To that end we analyse the effects of a variety of attitudinal factors towards such assessments amongst a cross-section of first year students in an English university, using a detailed questionnaire. These students were all previously exposed to on-line assessments containing substantial mathematical work, including testing of and feedback on the algebraic structure of their answers, based on identifiable misconceptions underlying these answers. Since students received highly tailored feedback, the expectation was that the usefulness of this feedback would be the key driver in their usage of educational technology. The results indeed suggest that students find on-line feedback more enjoyable and useful than conventional feedback, but enjoyment and attitude are the two most important factors.

The current demands generated by the Covid-19 pandemic have forced many establishments to migrate their businesses to an online platform, so it is important to know if independent pharmacies have the possibility of making use of this tool, therefore that the objective of the present study was to diagnose the technological capabilities of the independent pharmacy. The aim is to know if this type of business has the capabilities to incorporate an online sales system (e-commerce) as a sales strategy. The pilot study was carried out in the metropolitan area that borders the northern area of Mexico City. A quantitative methodology with an exploratory and descriptive approach was used, through the survey method that was taken and modified from a study by Méndez (2020), which showed that independent pharmacies in the area lack technological infrastructure despite that the staff has the ability to handle technology to incorporate e-commerce as a sales strategy. This pilot study is effective for the diagnosis of technological capabilities in independent pharmacytype businesses and works as a model to apply it in a larger sample that allows to conclude a global reality of these businesses in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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SMEs in developing countries have low participation in exports, however, information technologies through international marketplaces have reduced the problems they face in exporting. This paper analyzes the process of ecommerce adoption in SMEs and how marketplaces influence the adoption of cross-border e-commerce from the perspective of the theory of dynamic managerial capabilities. The multiple case study and the Delphi method are used as qualitative methodology. The findings suggest that companies can start by adopting easy-to-use digital commerce tools and as they gain experience, they will be able to adopt more advanced technologies and strategies. International marketplaces facilitate the work to export small volume and low value packages, so leveraging the services provided by these platforms is a great alternative. As a conclusion, SME managers are recommended to have the willingness and commitment to improve their own capabilities, but they should focus on building organizational capabilities within their companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of digital social media (DSM) as a marketing strategy has become a fundamental practice for companies around the world. In Mexico, 99.8% of enterprises are small and medium-sized (SMEs) and, despite their importance, there is little literature on the use of DSM as a marketing strategy in Mexican SMEs. Also, the pyrotechnic industry of Tultepec, State of Mexico, produces 50% of the national pyrotechnics, employs up to 60% of the local population and is composed mainly of SMEs. Given the relevance of this production system, the objective of this piece of research is to determine the percentage of Tultepec pyrotechnics companies that use DSM as a marketing strategy, the main uses they are given and, in their absence, the reasons for not using them. To this end, questionnaires were applied to the owners of various companies in the pyrotechnics production chain (raw material stores, manufacturers and intermediaries) and it was found that only 15% of respondents use DSM as a marketing strategy and use them mainly to position the brand and reach larger audiences. Finally, it was found that the main reason for not using them is the insecurity and experiences related to crime. The results obtained show the need for a training strategy for business owners that leads to a safe and effective use of DSM as a marketing tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The microenterprises in Mexico are those with less than 10 workers, they represent more than 90% of the business sector and constitute an important source of employment and GDP. Despite this, their annual progress is very low, since they face both financial problems and their structure. Restaurants are an important part of these microenterprises and they exist in great variety in Mexico. The objective of the research was to examine the use perceived by the restaurant microenterprises with less than six months in operation for the use of delivery service apps and detect their facilitators and inhibitors. The methodology used was a descriptive qualitative research. First of all, a bibliographical investigation was carried out on the subject and then 10 interviews to restaurant micro-entrepreneurs with less than six months in operation to know their perception of use of delivery service apps. The results showed that the first obstacle to use as operator of these applications is the high price of commissions, since they are seen as a useful tool to increase sales and publicize their products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En el presente trabajo de investigación se realizó una búsqueda de datos estadísticos en fuentes de organizaciones nacionales e internacionales, gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, así como fuentes científicas para hacer una comparación entre la situación del comercio electrónico en México y Estados Unidos de América. Se encontró que el principal contraste es la participación de los gobiernos en la cuantificación de ventas por medios electrónicos y que México tiene una gran área de oportunidad en este ámbito, mismo que puede contribuir al crecimiento económico y a la resolución de otros problemas nacionales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores student attitudes to the use of substantive on-line assessments that require mathematical answers. Since there is limited guidance available for their use in a university setting, our goal is to learn what are the important aspects in student acceptance of e-assessments that support learning of mathematical subjects in higher education. To that end we analyse the effects of a variety of attitudinal factors towards such assessments amongst a cross-section of first year students in an English university, using a detailed questionnaire. These students were all previously exposed to on-line assessments containing substantial mathematical work, including testing of and feedback on the algebraic structure of their answers, based on identifiable misconceptions underlying these answers. Since students received highly tailored feedback, the expectation was that the usefulness of this feedback would be the key driver in their usage of educational technology. The results indeed suggest that students find online feedback more enjoyable and useful than conventional feedback, but enjoyment and attitude are the two most important factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]