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Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is linked to obesity. Subjects with MetS who have normo-weight potentially show higher mortality and morbidity. Purpose: This study aims to reveal the critical essential metabolic parameters associated with endothelial dysfunction in MetS subjects with normo-weight compared to obese. Patients and Methods: The study was designed using a case–control approach. Ninety-nine MetS subjects (34 Normo-weight and 65 obese) from the urban population were enrolled in this study. The components of MetS are based on NCEP/ATP III criteria. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) as markers for endothelial dysfunction were measured in both groups. Results: Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were higher in the normo-weight group (143.38 ± 79.8 mg/dL) compared to the obese group (120.89 ± 46.5 mg/dL). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels in the normo-weight group were lower (42.82 ± 10.1 mg/dL) compared to obesity (45.74 ± 9.3 mg/dL), while triacylglycerol (TAG) levels were higher in the obese (197.25 ± 110.5 mg/dL) compared to the normo-weight group (167.03 ± 98.4 mg/dL), although the differences were statistically not significant (all p > 0.05). The difference between ADMA and VCAM-1 levels was statistically not significant in both groups. Correlation between MetS components with endothelial dysfunction parameters shows that metabolic parameters correlate strongly. Interestingly, a stronger correlation between FBG and ADMA was observed in normo-weight (r = 0.519) compared to obese groups (r = 0.445). In addition, TAG consistently shows a significant correlation with ADMA and VCAM-1 in normo-weight groups. Conclusion: Metabolic parameters, especially FBG and TAG, correlate strongly with endothelial dysfunction parameters in normo-weight subjects with metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skeletal class III with mandibular prognathism is a condition in which the mandible is advanced anteriorly involving the teeth and jawbone, resulting in occlusion deviation. This disorder varies by race. 97 samples were obtained from the Oral Surgery department of Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Padjadjaran University Dental Hospital, and dental clinics in Bandung, Jakarta, and Semarang, separated into two groups, namely the case group III Skeletal with Mandibular Prognathism and the control group based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then a cephalometric examination was carried out to obtain the values of SNA, SNB, ANB, ramus height, corpus length, gonion angle, BUI classification, OP-SN angle, and SN-MP angle. 47 samples with an average SNA score of 860 and an SNB score of 91.50 were included in the case group. The case group averaged a ramus length of 5.43 cm, a corpus length of 8.74 cm, and a gonion angle of 130.10. The MP-SN angle is 270>, the OP-SN angle is 140>, and the average includes clusters 4 and 5 of the BUI classification. The MP-SN angle is formed between the mandibular plane line and the cranial base, averaging 230-370. The development of the face in the vertical direction is related to the growth pattern of the maxilla and mandible. In the sample group of class III prognathic mandibles, it was found that the number of samples that had an SN-MP angle greater than 270 was 25 samples or 62.5%. The OPSN angle value between the lines SN (cranial base) and OP (occlusal plane) has a standard value of 140; if the value is greater than the standard value, it indicates that the individual has excessive vertical growth whereas if the value is smaller than the average value, the title suggests an individual with excessive horizontal growth.6 The sample group of corner cases is smaller than 140, totalling 33 samples or 82.5%. The BUI classification shows clusters 4 and 5 do not belong to the long face category. Skeletal class III samples with the Deutero-Malay race's mandibular prognathism show shorter than long faces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

β-estradiol is an estrogen steroid hormone and acts as an estrogen receptor agonist. Radiolabeled β-estradiol is widely used as a radioligand for binding assays. In this present study, the synthesis of [131I]β-estradiol has been successfully carried out. Accordingly, the measurement of the radiochemical purity (RCP) value and the presence of chemical impurities are needed. To validate the method for identifying the RCP and chemical impurities from [131I]β-estradiol using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The synthesis of [131I]β-estradiol was accomplished by a radioiodination reaction, and the RCP was determined by radio-HPLC. The method for β-estradiol measurement was validated by reversed-phase HPLC radio-analytical employing ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and radioactive detector. The method for radio-HPLC analysis was validated and established using a C-18 column and MeCN: H2O (55:45 v/v) as the mobile phase. The following conditions were applied: a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min, isocratic, and a UV-Vis detector at 280 nm. The RCP of [131I]β-estradiol measured by thin-layer chromatography and radio-HPLC was 99.27% ± 1.25% and 95.75% ± 2.41%, respectively. The validation parameters were appropriate and met the requirements for acceptance. HPLC analysis was able to identify the presence of unlabeled estradiol (24.51%-27.29%) in the mixture of [131I]β-estradiol. As a result, purification using preparative HPLC or other methods will be required in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Peritoneal adhesion is still becoming one of the most common postoperative complications which increases the rate of morbidity and mortality. The process which leads to the formation of peritoneal adhesion is depending on the balance between the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes, in which there are roles of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) as well as the balance of fibrinolysis process played by Plasminogen Activator (PAA) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI) . Objective: This research is to study the relationship between the ratio of IL-6 to IL-10, as well as the ratio of PAI to PAA with the incidence of peritoneal adhesion after laparotomy procedure. Method: The study was conducted using comparative experimental case study by treating two randomly selected groups using randomised controlled trial method. Group 1 was patients who underwent laparotomy procedure and were given ketorolac tromethamine which is analgesic that had anti-inflammatory effects, compared to group 2 which act as a control group and were given tramadol , a pure analgesic drug. The subjects of this study were patients who undergoes stoma procedures (colostomy, ileostomy) due to colon perforation as a result of trauma or other diseases Results: Correlation analysis that was conducted revealed significant interaction between IL-10 with PAA while there were no significant association recorded between IL-10 with IL-6 and PAI as well as IL-6 and PAA. Conclusions: There is a significant interaction between the levels of IL-10 and PAA with the occurrence of peritoneal adhesion in postlaparotomy patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]