Search

The kidney is one of the main targets attacked by viruses in patients with a coronavirus infection. Until now, SARS‐CoV‐2 has been identified as the seventh member of the coronavirus family capable of infecting humans. In the past two decades, humankind has experienced outbreaks triggered by two other extremely infective members of the coronavirus family; the MERS‐CoV and the SARS‐CoV. According to several investigations, SARS‐CoV causes proteinuria and renal impairment or failure. The SARS‐CoV was identified in the distal convoluted tubules of the kidney of infected patients. Also, renal dysfunction was observed in numerous cases of MERS‐CoV infection. And recently, during the 2019‐nCoV pandemic, it was found that the novel coronavirus not only induces acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) but also can induce damages in various organs including the liver, heart, and kidney. The kidney tissue and its cells are targeted massively by the coronaviruses due to the abundant presence of ACE2 and Dpp4 receptors on kidney cells. These receptors are characterized as the main route of coronavirus entry to the victim cells. Renal failure due to massive viral invasion can lead to undesirable complications and enhanced mortality rate, thus more attention should be paid to the pathology of coronaviruses in the kidney. Here, we have provided the most recent knowledge on the coronaviruses (SARS, MERS, and COVID19) pathology and the mechanisms of their impact on the kidney tissue and functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Emotional responses in the form of anxiety and a child's behavior towards dental care are serious problems for general dentists and pediatric dentists. Anxious, fearful or uncooperative behavior of the child can hinder the provision of efficient dental care and interfere with the quality of care provided. If not adequately addressed, persistent negative response patterns may appear and become a barrier to regular dental care. Thus this systematic review reviewed some literature on the pattern of handling anxiety in child patients in dentistry. Methods: In this systematic review, article searches are conducted in Google Search, Pubmed, and Cochrane Library. The study was published from 2013 to 2020. 86 articles rated, including 86 articles from electronic databases, 0 from manual searches. 65 records filtered, 20 records excluded, 45 full-text articles rated for eligibility and 17 full-text articles included. Result: There are 17 articles on patterns of anxiety management in pediatric patients in dentistry. Broadly speaking, it consists of non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Handling anxiety behavior in pediatric patients with a non-pharmacological approach includes communication, modeling, tell show do, ask-tell-ask, distraction, desensitation, voice control, reinforcement, hypnosis, sensory-adapted dental environments (SADE), and Animal- assisted therapy (AAT). Meanwhile, when non-pharmacological approaches are not successful, pharmacological approaches can be applied in the form of sedation, general anesthesia, and nitrous oxide / oxygen inhalation. Or using a combination of the two to relieve anxiety in pediatric patients during dental treatment can be an option. Conclusion: Anxiety management can be a non-pharmacological approach and a pharmacological approach or a combination of the two. This pattern of treatment can be used to overcome children's anxiety towards dental care so that this systematic review can be used as a reference in the treatment of anxiety in children patients in dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The ants Nest Plant is a herbal plant that is believed to have potential effects in the world of health. The ant nest plant (Myrmecodia pendans) contains active compounds, namely flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols, because of these components, Myrmecodia pendans in various dental research have often found that they are effective as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, for example mouthwash and root canal irrigation from Myrmecodia pendans extract. So, this systematic review to review some literature on the potential of ant nests as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory in the oral cavity Methods: In this systematic review, the articles search was performed on Google Search and Pubmed. Studies published from 2011 to 2020. 131 were articles assessed, including 131 articles from the databases electronic, 0 from the manual search. 86 records screened, 60 records excluded, 26 full-text articles assessed for eligibility and 12 full text articles included. Result: There are 10 articles about antibacterial Myrmecodia pendans and 2 articles about anti-inflammatory Myrmecodia pendans. Conclusion: Based on 12 articles show that Myrmecodia pendans is very potential as a herbal plant that can be antibacterial and anti-inflammatory in the oral cavity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been almost three decades since new knowledge and technologies, such as genetics and biotechnology, emerged. Having passed through various periods when labor, resources, and capital, each at a certain time, were comparative and competitive advantages for a more powerful economy, biotechnology is one of the advanced technologies that countries invest in to achieve sustainable development in the current century. The potential of this knowledge is to create fundamental and incremental innovations in addition to several applications that bring wealth to countries. To this end, it is necessary to consider innovative policies in the field of biotechnology in medicine. The results of the study showed that the policy of research development, the policy of international corporate cooperation and the policy of state support for innovation have a significant impact on the development of innovative activities in the field of biotechnology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Gene has an important role in calcium and bone metabolism because is required in mineralization of normal bone, calcium absorption, organizing calcium and phosphate homeostasis, and regulating the secretion of parathyroid hormone. Genetics research found that BsmI polymorphism region in VDR gene relates to osteoporosis, other bone diseases, and cartilage metabolism in particular allele. The aim of this research is to analyze polymorphism of VDR (825G/T) gene in the eighth intron of beta thalassemia major on Sundanese population. In this case-control study, SNP 825G/T of 66 beta thalassemia major patients (case group) and 15 controls (control group) were evaluated using PCR-RFLP with restriction of enzyme BsmI. Vitamin D and calcium level were analyzed using ELISA. Genotype distributions and allele frequencies were analyzed chisquared test. This study found that the vitamin D level was significantly lower on case group than on control group (vitamin D 56.1 pmol/L 80.30%; p<0.001), and calcium level was significantly higher on case group than on control group (>8.5 mg/dL; p=0.025). Genotype frequency 825 VDR on case group was compared with control group, and there was no BB genotype in control group. There is only one case on case group (OR, 2.63; 95%CI, 0.73-9.64). B allele is significant in both case and control groups. There was no significant difference between case and control groups (OR, 2, 95%CI, 0.71-5.92). There was a significant difference in level of vitamin D and calcium, and also in allele frequency between on case and control groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Riskesdas showed an increase in the prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia, which was 43.4% in 2007 to 53.2% in 2013. Not only among adults affected by caries but also children. One of the caries that often occurs in children under five. Early Childhood Caries. To overcome this, a solution using herbal plants, one of which is the ant nest (Myrmecodia pendans) which can reduce the number of Streptococcus mutans bacteria as the main bacteria that causes caries. Chewing lozenges is one preparation that can be used as an alternative to antibacterial treatment in the mouth. Objectives: aims to determine the effectiveness of ether extract from ant nests (Myrmecodya pendans) as an antibacterial Streptococcus mutans in the preparation of chewing lozenges in the case of early childhood caries. Materials and Research Methods: This study used field and laboratory experiments with a pretest-posttest control group research design. The sample consisted of 30 children consisting of 3 groups, namely 10 children chewing xylitol market, 10 children chewing chewable moisturizing tablets 3.75%, and 7.5%. Data processing and analysis using SPSS version 22.0 for windows. Results: The results of the paired t-test showed a significant reduction in the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies before and after chewing the ant nest of chewable tablets, 3.75% and 7.5%. From the paired t test results obtained p-value of 0.004. This shows that the pvalue obtained is smaller than 0.05 so it can be concluded that the treatment of chewable nest tablet concentration of 7.5% has a significant effect in reducing the number of bacteria in the mouth. Conclusion: The extract of the ant nest lozenges saffron (Myrmecodia pendans) etiquette was 7.5% more effective than the chewed lozenges nest (Myrmecodia pendans) 3.75%, so in this study the nesting lozenges chewable tablets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Liver fibrosis (LF) is a most common pathological process characterized by the activation of hepatocytes leading to the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Hypoxia precondition treated in MSCs (H-MSCs) could enhance their immunomodulatory and regeneration capability, through expressing robust anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, known as H-MSCs secretome (SH-MSCs) that are critical for the improvement of liver fibrosis. However, the study regarding the efficacy and mechanism of action of SH-MSCs in ameliorating liver fibrosis is still inconclusive. In this study, the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanism for SH-MSCs in the treatment of liver fibrosis were investigated. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A rat model with liver fibrosis induced by CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; was created and maintained for 8 weeks. The rats received intravenous doses of SH-MSCs and secretome derived from normoxia MSCs (SN-MSCs), filtered using a tangential flow filtration (TFF) system with different molecular weight cut-off categories, both at a dosage of 0.5 mL. The ELISA assay was employed to examine the cytokines and growth factors present in both SH-MSCs and SN-MSCs. On the ninth day, the rats were euthanized and liver tissues were collected for subsequent histological examination and analysis of mRNA expression. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The ELISA test revealed that SH-MSCs exhibited higher levels of VEGF, PDGF, bFGF, IL-10, TGF-β and IL-6 compared to SN-MSCs. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, administration of SH-MSCs notably decreased mortality rates. It also demonstrated a reduction in liver fibrosis, collagen fiber areas, α-SMA positive staining and relative mRNA expression of TGF-β. Conversely, SN-MSCs also contributed to liver fibrosis improvement, although SH-MSCs demonstrated more favorable outcomes. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Current findings suggested that SH-MSCs could improve CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-induced liver fibrosis and decrease α-SMA and TGF-β expression.