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Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a special case of Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) used to establish communications and exchange information among nearby vehicles and between vehicles and nearby fixed infrastructure. VANET is seen as a promising technology used to provide safety, efficiency, assistance and comfort to the road users. Routing is an important issue in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network to find and maintain communication between vehicles due to the highly dynamic topology, frequently disconnected network and mobility constraints. This paper evaluates the performance of two most popular proactive routing protocols OLSR and DSDV in real city traffic scenario on the basis of three metrics namely Packet delivery ratio, throughput and average end to end delay by varying vehicles density and transmission range., {"references":["M.Jerbi, S.M. Senouci, R. Meraihi, and Y. Ghamri Doudane \"An Improved Vehicular Ad Hoc Routing protocol for City Environments,\" in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications, Glasgow, Scotland. pp. 3972-3979, 2007.","Y. Liu et al., \"Research on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks,\" in Proceedings of the 21st annual International Conference on Chinese Control and Decision Conference, Guilin, China, pp. 4466-4471, 2009.","Car-to-Car Communication Consortium http://www.car-to-car.org.","H. Hartenstein, et al., \"Simulation results and a proof of concept implementation of the FleetNet position-based router,\" in Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications, Venis, Italy, pp. 192-197, 2003.","D. Reichardt, et al., \"CarTALK2000 –safe and comfortable driving based upon inter-vehicle-communication\" in the IEEE Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Information Visualization, London, England, pp.545-550, 2002.","S.K. Gaur, S.K. Tyagi, and P. Singh., \"Vanet System for Vehicular Security Applications,\" International journal of Soft Computing and Engineering, vol.2, no.6, pp. 279-282, 2013.","H. Hartenstein, et al., \"A tutorial survey on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks,\" Computer Journal of IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 46, no.6, pp. 164-171, 2008.","F. Li and Y. Wang, \"Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey,\" Computer Journal of IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol. 2, no2, pp. 12-22, 165-169, 2007.","D. Antolino Rivas, J.M. Barceló-Ordinas, M. Guerrero Zapata, and J.D. Morillo-Pozo, \"Security on VANETS: Privacy, Misbehaving nodes, false information and secure data aggregation,\" Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 34, no. 6 , pp. 1942-1955, 2011.\n[10]\tE. Fonseca and A. Festag, \"A Survey of existing approaches for secure ad hoc routing and their applicability to VANETS,\" NEC Technical Report NLE-PR-2006-19, NEC Network Laboratories, pp. 1-28, 2006.\n[11]\tE. Spaho et al., \"Performance of OLSR and DSDV Protocols in a VANET scenario: Evaluation using CAVENET and NS3,\" in Proceeding of the 7th International Conference on Broadband, Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications, Victoria, Canada, pp. 108-113, 2012.\n[12]\tS. Wasiq, W. Arshad, N. Javaid, A. Bibi, \"Performance Evaluation of DSDV, OLSR and DYMO using 802.11 and 802.11p MAC-Protocols\" in Proceeding of 14 IEEE International Multitopic Conference, Karashi, Pakistan, pp.357-361, December 2011\n[13]\tU. Nagaraj and P.P. Dhamal, \"Performance Evaluation of Proactive and Reactive Protocols in VANET,\" International Journal of Information and Education Technology, vol.2, no. 5, pp. 434-438, 2012. \n[14]\tC. E. Perkins and P. Bhagwat, \"Highly Dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Victor Routing (DSDV) for Mobile Computers\", in Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Communications Architectures, Protocols and Application, pp. 234-244,1994.\n[15]\tT. Clausen and P. Jacquet, \"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR)\" , IETF RFC 3626, October 2003.\n[16]\tNS-2 Network Simulator, available at: http://www.isi.edu/-nsnam/ns, last visited 2014.\n[17]\tL. Breslau et al., \"Advances in Network Simulation,\" IEEE Computer journal, vol.33, no. 05, pp. 59-67, 2000.\n[18]\tJ. Haerri, F. Filali, and C. Bonnet, \"Mobility Models for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey and Taxonomy\", Technical Report RR-06-168, Institute Eurecom, 2006."]}

The aim of the present work is to suggest an original approach based on the concept of training of an artificial neural network input or IT-Net in order to predict the possible sources of pollution. The IT-Network is composed of three layers of neurons of which one is hidden. The output layer contains m neurons corresponding to the dimension of pollutant concentration noted x. The input layer is composed of one neuron corresponding to the distance between the sources of pollution and the pollutant concentration sensor. Instead of proceeding to a phase of training with five layers of neurons, it appears more interesting to only apply the same phase of training to a part of the network involving three layers. This approach is promising as it extends the back-propagation algorithm as long as the error function is well-defined. The difference between this form in the input training network and multi-layers perceptron is that the input is not necessarily known because it represents sources of pollution searched in a river for example. Therefore during the phase of training, it becomes necessary to adjust not only the external parameters of the network but also the values of the input by minimizing the error of the network output. The training of an IT-Net enables determining the existing relationship between sources of pollution and data of pollutant concentration.