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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and association of sociodemographic and occupational factors with self-reported work accidents (WA) in a representative sample of the Brazilian population, with emphasis on occupational class, and to examine gender differences in this distribution. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study, using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS), analyzed the responses of a sample of adults aged 18 or over. Factors associated with WA were investigated using binary logistic regression and hierarchical analysis using blocks (sociodemographic and occupational variables). The final model was adjusted by variables from all blocks, adopting a significance level of 5%. The values of odds ratios (OR) and respective confidence intervals were obtained. RESULTS Among the participants, 2.69% reported having suffered a WA, with a higher prevalence in men (3.37%; 95%CI 2.97–3.82%) than in women (1.86%; 95%CI 1.55–2.23%). The analysis identified that age group, night work, working hours, and exposure to occupational risks were associated with WA, with emphasis on gender differences. The class of manual workers, both qualified (ORwomen = 2.87; 95%CI 1.33–6.21 and ORmen = 2.46; 95%CI 1.37–4.40) and unskilled (ORwomen = 2.55; 95%CI 1.44–4.50 and ORmen = 3.70; 95%CI 1.95–7.03), had a higher chance of WA than the class of managers/professionals. CONCLUSION Occupational factors contributed significantly to the increase in the probability of WA for men and women, with greater magnitude among those positioned in the lower strata of the occupational structure. The results obtained are clues for working out WA prevention actions.

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Objective: To examine associations between three clinically significant sleep disorders (chronic insomnia, obstructive sleep apnoea, restless legs syndrome) and workplace productivity losses among young Australian adults. Design, setting: Prospective, observational study; 22‐year follow‐up of participants in the longitudinal birth cohort Raine Study (Perth, Western Australia). Participants: Currently employed 22‐year‐old Raine Study participants who underwent in‐laboratory sleep disorder screening for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea (apnoea–hypopnea index of more than fifteen events/hour or obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome) and were assessed for insomnia and restless legs syndrome using validated measures. Main outcome measures: Total workplace productivity loss over twelve months, assessed with the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire. Results: Of 1235 contactable 22‐year‐old Raine Study cohort members, 554 people (44.9%; 294 women [53%]) underwent overnight polysomnography, completed the baseline sleep questionnaire, and completed at least three quarterly workplace productivity assessments. One or more clinically significant sleep disorders were identified in 120 participants (21.7%); 90 participants had insomnia (17%), thirty clinically significant obstructive sleep apnoea (5.4%), and two restless legs syndrome (0.4%). Seventeen people (14% of those with sleep disorders) had previously been diagnosed with a sleep disturbance by a health professional, including fourteen with insomnia. Median total workplace productivity loss was greater for participants with sleep disorders (164 hours/year; interquartile range [IQR], 0–411 hours/year) than for those without sleep disorders (30 hours/year; IQR, 0–202 hours/year); total workplace productivity loss was 40% greater for participants with sleep disorders (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.40; bias‐corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval, 1.10–1.76). The estimated population total productivity loss (weighted for disorder prevalence) was 28 644 hours per 1000 young workers per year, primarily attributable to insomnia (28 730 hours/1000 workers/year). Conclusion: Insomnia is a risk factor for workplace productivity loss in young workers. Tailored interventions are needed to identify and manage sleep disorders, particularly as most of the sleep disorders detected in the Raine Study had not previously been diagnosed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Urologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To assess the occurrence of occupational accidents with biological material and the protective measures adopted by health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in a hospital complex in southern Brazil. Methods: This is descriptive, analytical, exploratory and quantitative research, developed in a hospital complex in southern Brazil. Participants were health professionals (nursing assistants and technicians, nurses, physiotherapists and physicians) who worked at COVID-19 units. Data were collected from May to August 2021, using a structured instrument for an online interview about the socio-occupational profile, work history and protective measures. Analysis was descriptive, and with chi-square, Fisher's exact and odds ratio tests were used. Results: Of 104 participants, the average age was 35.8 years, 84.6% female, 57.7% were nurses, 38.5% had COVID-19, 5.8% had occupational accidents with biological material. Regarding protective measures, it should be noted that the use of a face shield or goggles reduced the chances of accidents. Regarding personal protective equipment use in aerosol-generating procedures, participants who used it most of the time, rather than always as recommended, showed an increased risk of occupational accidents with biological material (p=0.015 OR:7.67 [1.16-50.63]). Conclusion: The research inferred that there was an association between the occurrence of accidents and compliance with protective measures. It reinforces the importance of implementing measures that contribute to health professionals' safety and minimize exposure to risks and health problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the publications that discussed COVID-19 as an occupational injury and its notification by health workers. Methods: The search for this scoping review explored national and international literature, between 2020 and 2021, in English, Portuguese and Spanish, in the databases of the Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library, in MEDLINE through PubMed and in Capes Journal Portal used: Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL. The texts were imported into EndNote, duplicates were removed and exported to the Rayyan application, and the articles were included in an Excel spreadsheet with the labels: COVID-19 as injuries at work and Notification of COVID-19. Results: A total of 5665 studies were identified, excluding 2088 duplicates, resulting in 3577 publications, selected by title and abstract. Of these, 3280 did not meet the inclusion criteria, resulting in 297 articles. Of these, 10 were selected for full text analysis because they dealt with COVID-19 as an injury at work and/or notification of this condition by health workers. Two articles were excluded because they were a literature review, remaining 8 as the study's corpus. Conclusion: Although certain countries already recognize COVID-19 as an occupational injury, some workers still have difficulties in relating the SARS-CoV-2 infection with work in health care, characterizing it as an occupational injured. Everyone should be guided and trained regarding the recognition of COVID-19 as an occupational injury and notify its occurrence, since the definition of the infection as a notifiable disease already exists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Occupational accidents are a complex phenomenon and a major public health problem. Occupational health surveillance actions are essential for prevention of injuries of this nature. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the prevalence of and the variables associated with occupational accidents in the city of Itajubá (MG). DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, based on a household survey with random sampling, was conducted in areas covered by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in Itajubá (MG). METHODS: Questionnaires were applied to 292 people. The data were analyzed by means of logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of occupational accidents was 8.6%. The underreporting rate was 60.0%. The scenario for these accidents, according to the model established through the regression analysis, was most likely to involve males who declared their skin color as white and who did not have a formal employment contract. CONCLUSION: This study makes a contribution towards unveiling the relationship between healthcare and work, and thus serve as support for the development of strategies to prevent underreporting. Lastly, the results provide the basis for future public health intervention actions and for future studies.

Industrial robots are increasingly commonplace, but research on prototypical accidents and injuries has been sparse, hindering evidence-based safety strategies. Using Severe Injury Reports (SIRs) from the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), we identified 77 robot-related accidents from 2015-2022. Of these, 54 involved stationary robots, resulting in 66 injuries, mainly finger amputations and fractures to the head and torso. Mobile robots caused 23 accidents, leading to 27 injuries, mainly fractures to the legs and feet. A two-stage deductive-inductive thematic analysis was performed using text data from the final narratives in the reports to discover patterns in tasks, precipitating mechanisms, and contributing factors. Findings highlight the need for guards and collision avoidance systems that detect individual extremities. Post-contact strategies should focus on mitigating finger amputations. More structured and detailed narratives in the SIRs are needed., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

ACCIDENTS AT WORK, OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AND WORK-RELATED. DISEASES: TO SEE MORE CLEARLY. Occupational factors have a major impact on population health. Occupational diseases or work-related diseases and accident at work are diverse and multifactorial. Nevertheless, exposure to occupational risk factors and associated disorders are avoidable. Preventive actions must be applied and adapted to working conditions and working population characteristics. Recognition of the professional origins allows for treatment and various financial compensation. Medical professions have a major role in supporting patients by considering the possibility of a professional origin., Competing Interests: L’auteure déclare n’avoir aucun lien d’intérêts.

A 28-year-old male presented to the emergency room suffering an ocular burn injury from a welding rod. Given the mechanism of injury, severe delayed injury of the ocular adnexa occurred, requiring enucleation, partial exenteration of the superior orbit, and extensive reconstruction. Histopathology of the affected tissue was analyzed. This is the first report that details the clinical course of a patient with delayed high amperage and low voltage electrical burn injury.

Introduction: Occupational accidents are events that tend to be highly underreported in Brazil's official reporting systems. In this context, surveys with primary data collection are important to provide a better dimensioning of these events., Objectives: To characterize workers who had a non-fatal occupational accident within the microarea of a Family Health Unit in Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil., Methods: An observational, analytical, individual, and cross-sectional was conducted, with data collected between January and February 2020. The questionnaires were administered during home visits. The final sample consisted of 134 workers aged 18 to 65 years., Results: The incidence of occupational accidents was 6.7% (n = 9), all typical, particularly involving female workers (55.6%); aged 30 to 59 years (66.7%); with education up to high school (77.8%); self-identified as Black/Brown (100%); who received between one and two minimum monthly salaries (55.6%); single (55.6%); and with self-rated fair health (66.7%). In the population analyzed, the cumulative incidence of accidents was higher in female individuals (6.9%), with incomplete/complete high school (8.3%), self-identified as Black/Brown (7.7%), with informal employment, (7.2%), personal income of one minimum monthly salary or less (9.5%) and working > 44 hours per week (8.2%)., Conclusions: A higher frequency of occupational accidents was recorded among individuals in situations of social vulnerability, which should be the focus of public policies and Occupational Health Surveillance in primary care., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: None

The development of electric vehicles (EVs) has introduced novel technologies and manufacturing processes that expose workers to new risks of burn injury. We identified 6 patients who were admitted to our burn center for injuries that occurred while working in EV manufacturing facilities. The burns fell into 3 categories: flash flame burns due to lithium-ion battery explosions, high-voltage electrical injuries, and burns caused by contact with molten metal. Recognizing these recurrent patterns of injury should inform future prevention efforts and prepare health systems to evaluate and treat patients burned in EV manufacturing., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Burn Association. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Objectives. The incidence of occupational traumatic injuries caused by human error has been reported to occur at 11:00 and 8-9 h after commencing work. Impaired attention is closely related to the incidence of these accidents. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the changes in blood glucose, fatigue and stress response hormone levels over time among workers in a secondary industry. Methods. The blood glucose and subjective fatigue levels of 26 male secondary-industry workers were measured on workdays. In addition, the cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone levels in saliva were measured on one workday and one holiday. Results. Blood glucose levels at 11:00 and 17:30 on the workday were significantly lower than those at 09:30. Moreover, hypoglycemia was observed in some participants. A significant increase in subjective fatigue levels was observed during the workday. However, no significant differences in salivary cortisol levels were observed between the workday and the holiday at any time point. Conclusions. Blood glucose levels decreased and subjective fatigue levels increased at the time points that occupational accidents were reported to occur most frequently during work. These factors may contribute to human errors due to impaired attentional function.

Objectives . In recent years, workplace accidents have imposed a considerable cost on industries. Accident proneness is one of the most influential factors known to cause unsafe behaviors and occupational accidents. Therefore, the present study investigated the validity and reliability of the accident proneness questionnaire in industries. Methods . The questionnaire was developed to measure accident proneness in industries - the developed instrument was distributed in East Azarbaijan industries (1100 questionaries). Content validity, confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used to examine the construct validity, and Cronbach's α and the test-retest method were used to examine the reliability and reproducibility of the instrument. Results . In the face validity section, the impact score of all items was determined to be >1.5. In the content validity section, the content validity index (CVI) and the content validity ratio (CVR) were higher than the standard value of 0.42. The Cronbach's α coefficient for all dimensions was 0.914. Conclusion . The findings of the study show that the accident proneness questionnaire in industries has acceptable validity and reliability, and can be used as a comprehensive, practical, robust and reliable instrument to investigate the accident proneness of different industries.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a powerful toxic gas in workplace incidents, and it poses a threat to colleagues or family members involved in rescues, leading to a "domino effect" of multiple deaths. In this report, we describe three incidents in which 10 people died, and we present the results of the analyses performed in different incidents, including paper pulp pit, sewer, and sewage well. We provide the macroscopic and morphological findings of ten victims, which include conjunctival hemorrhage, corneal erosion, pulmonary edema, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Additionally, we observed large amounts of waste paper pulp or black sludge in the upper and lower respiratory tracts or upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts of six victims. Furthermore, we conducted a toxicological examination of the victims' blood sulfide using an alkylation extraction approach combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The sulfide concentrations in the 10 victims ranged from 0.06 to 6.72 mg/L., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Traumatic hemorrhage of the thyroid gland resulting from blunt injury to the neck is a very rare event. Particular neck positions can expose the thyroid to trauma, especially in motor vehicle collisions, falls, direct blows, or sport activities. Preexisting conditions such as goiters, adenomas, and cysts can increase the risk of bleeding, reducing the force required to rupture the gland and make the thyroid more prone to injury. The authors report the case of a 53-year-old man who was involved in a fire while working on maintenance of a liquid petroleum gas (LPG)-powered car. He subsequently presented to the emergency department with painful swelling of his right anterior neck with a palpable mass. CT scan showed a right thyroid hemorrhagic cyst. The worker reported that he had jumped into the car trunk to extinguish the fire and covered the gas tank nozzle with his own body to prevent dispersal of the accelerant. In this case, the medico-legal evaluation was useful to delineate between natural and traumatic causes of the injury. Medico-legal assessment is key in understanding the dynamics involved in work-related events to identify any legal responsibilities of the worker or the employer., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Hot asphalt burns are a health threat due to the risk of death and adhesion to tissues. A 40-year-old man suffered first and second-degree burns by hot asphalt on 20% of the body surface area. The asphalt adhered to the skin was removed on the 4th day of the ICU stay with liquid petroleum jelly, and the burns were treated with healing gel. Burns caused by hot asphalt are serious and represent 1.4% of hospitalized cases. They affect young people in the skin and airways by inhaling the vapors. Removing asphalt from the skin is a major therapeutic challenge.

Keywords: Rescue work; Retrieval medicine; Occupational health; Accidents, occupational EN Rescue work Retrieval medicine Occupational health Accidents, occupational 335 337 3 09/27/22 20221001 NES 221001 Seafarers have a unique set of health issues severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic The presentation of seafarers to Australian emergency departments (EDs) is common.1 Across 8 years, we have treated multiple crew members weekly and observed trends relating to seafarers in our ED, situated nearby Australia's largest bulk export port.2 Seafaring is one of the world's most dangerous jobs.3 Long hours enduring hazardous working conditions result in injury and death. According to the Maritime Labour Convention, medical and repatriation costs are incurred by employers.9 Patients may feel workplace pressures regarding the financial implications of accessing health care via their employment. Resultant delayed malignancy recognition and non-communicable disease diagnosis are common. [Extracted from the article]

Slip, trip, and fall (STF) accidents cause high rates of absence from work in many companies. During the 2022 reporting period, the German Social Accident Insurance recorded 165,420 STF accidents, of which 12 were fatal and 2485 led to disability pensions. Particularly in the traffic, transport and logistics sector, STF accidents are the most frequently reported occupational accidents. Therefore, an accurate detection of near-falls is critical to improve worker safety. Efficient detection algorithms are essential for this, but their performance heavily depends on large, well-curated datasets. However, there are drawbacks to current datasets, including small sample sizes, an emphasis on older demographics, and a reliance on simulated rather than real data. In this paper we report the collection of a standardised kinematic STF dataset from real-world STF events affecting parcel delivery workers and steelworkers. We further discuss the use of the data to evaluate dynamic stability control during locomotion for machine learning and build a standardised database. We present the data collection, discuss the classification of the data, present the totality of the data statistically, and compare it with existing databases. A significant research gap is the limited number of participants and focus on older populations in previous studies, as well as the reliance on simulated rather than real-world data. Our study addresses these gaps by providing a larger dataset of real-world STF events from a working population with physically demanding jobs. The population studied included 110 participants, consisting of 55 parcel delivery drivers and 55 steelworkers, both male and female, aged between 19 and 63 years. This diverse participant base allows for a more comprehensive understanding of STF incidents in different working environments.

Power hammers are mechanised forging devices that constitute a pivotal part of steel manufacturing. Power hammer-associated injuries are a rare occurrence. We report a noteworthy case of a 52-year-old man who sustained a high-energy penetrating injury while working with a power (counterblow) hammer. The man used a sizable disc-shaped metallic object to dislodge the forging wedged in the machine by applying the force of the striking ram on it. On impact, the object ejected and struck the man in the right lateral portion of the chest. The autopsy disclosed extensive damage to the thoracic and abdominal organs. The cause of death was opined to be exsanguination due to penetrating trauma of the heart and transection of the descending aorta. The investigation confirmed a breach of safety regulations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first power (counterblow) hammer-related fatality in medico-legal literature., (© 2024 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.)

Background: Workplace safety is a global public health issue. Re-constructing an accident can prove extremely complicated, especially when the event occurs without direct witnesses or when the scene is altered. In these cases, it is essential to adopt proper investigation pro-tocols in order to ensure the correct reconstruction of the dynamics., Case Report: A man was found unconscious on the ground, having fallen from a height of approximately 2 meters, where there was a cabin in which a conveyor belt of raw materials for the production of cement ran. At the end of the path of this belt a scraper was found. An autopsy was carried out and the scraper present at the scene was examined and compared with the injuries on the victim. After the autopsy, the investigators returned to the scene and collected the traces found in the cabin. At the end of collecting the traces, the investigators simulated the dynamics of the event by turning on the conveyor belt and placing a scraper of the same dimensions and characteristics as the one found at the scene inside the cabin., Conclusion: The autopsy showed a maxillofacial trauma with multiple bruises on the face and a serious fracture of the epistropheus tooth. This trauma was therefore incompatible with a simple fall from 2 meters. The investigators created an experimental model that demonstrated a very high energy rebound of the tape when placed in contact with the scraper. This reconstruction made it possible to carry out a single report with the data collected by the medical examiner and the investigators, which was effective and exhaustive, allowing the Authority to be provided with the evidence to continue the investigations about the responsibilities of the worker and the employer.

Construction safety is of significance since construction accidents can result in loss of property and large numbers of casualties. This research aims to identify the critical causes of construction accidents by introducing a hybrid approach. The hybrid approach is developed to identify the critical causes of construction accidents by combining the human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) model with complex network (CN) theory. A total of 863 construction accident cases were collected, and 46 causal factors were identified. Subsequently, the accident causal network was established, and six critical causal factors were extracted. The hybrid analysis approach is demonstrated with a real construction accident case, and the results demonstrate that the hybrid approach could better identify the critical causal factors. Consequently, this research enables the enhancement of understanding the HFACS framework and CN theory, as well as a contribution to safety management in the construction industry at different levels.

A 54-year-old man presented to the ophthalmic emergency department of our center with eye pain and blurred vision in his right eye following a workplace accident. Examination revealed a penetrating corneal injury with the presence of an intraocular foreign body (IOFB) involving the corneoscleral limbus, perforating the cornea, iris, anterior lens capsule, and lens. Immediate surgical intervention was carried out with the extraction of the IOFB, identified as an 8mm mussel shell fragment, and the removal of the resulting traumatic cataract. Both preoperative and postoperative examinations showed an attached retina with no signs of retinal tears or vitreous hemorrhage. Appropriate management in this case, along with the timely identification of the agent, led to favorable outcomes despite the size of the intraocular foreign body., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Oftalmología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Abstract Fatalism refers to the attitude of treating negative situations as inherent to destiny or as outcome of divine will. Considering the fatalism consequences impact in the transformative action and having elected Martin-Baró as theoretical reference, the present article reviewed the nuances of fatalism in the narratives of industrial workers, who reported on the repercussions of work accidents on their lives. From the data of a previous qualitative investigation, conducted through open and in-depth interviews, three interviews were selected whose narratives represented different facets of fatalism. The information accessed was analyzed and categorized, at which time the elements of the experiences that ensured the maintenance of fatalism and the movements of consciousness that, also from experience, challenged conformism and indicated a potential rupture with fatalism were highlighted.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the epidemiology of traumatic injuries of the upper limbs treated at a university hospital and identify the causes, types of injuries, and risk factors. Methods: A prospective study was performed with accidents resulting in trauma categorized into three groups: domestic, occupational, or transportation-related. A questionnaire containing information about the patient and the accident was administered. Lesion characteristics were evaluated according to the injured area, the type of injury, and the management strategy adopted for each case. Results: A total of 613 patients were evaluated. The most frequent accidents were domestic (66.6%), predominantly involving men (67.9%) with a mean age of 31 years. Wrist lesions prevailed in transportation-related (31.1%) and domestic (29.6%) accidents, and in accidents involving fingers at work (54.2%). Closed fractures were more frequent and conservative treatment was indicated most often. Serious injuries were associated with finger accidents (39.4%). There was a correlation between the level of education and the type of accident. Conclusion: Traumatic injuries of the upper limbs were more frequent in domestic accidents and in male patients. Closed fractures were the most common type of fracture and were usually treated conservatively. Serious injuries were more often related to finger trauma. Education level influenced domestic, transportation-related, and occupational accidents. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

Background: Clinical laboratory workers are at permanent risk of suffering an occupational accident due to exposure to biohazard. These accidents may cause severe diseases, such as HIV, HBV or HCV. Objective: To describe the behavior of accidents due to occupational exposure to biohazard agents, and the characteristics of reports of occupational accidents in clinical laboratories in Yopal, Colombia. Material and methods: Observational descriptive study with exploratory component and retrospective analysis of incident report forms of presumed occupational accidents. Results: For the period between January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018, an occupational accident percentage of 24.6 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 16.7-32.5) was estimated, and an underreporting percentage of 39.3 (95% CI, 21.3-57.3). The main reasons for not reporting were a perceived lack of time (45.4%), and a diminished perception of risk exposure (36.4%). In contrast, factors associated with the probability of having less occupational accidents included being hired for service time (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04-0.89; p = 0.034), and the permanent use of personal protective equipment (PR = 0.14; 95% IC, 0.02-0.88; p =0.036). Conclusion: Accident statistics in clinical laboratories prove the necessity to systematically reorganize risk management strategies that take into account human factor, organizational culture and control mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sleep disorders and excessive daytime sleepiness negatively affect employees' safety performance. Objective: To investigate the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness with obstructive sleep apnea and safety performance at an oil construction company in Iran. Methods: 661 employees consented to participate in this study. Excessive daytime sleepiness was measured with the STOP-BANG questionnaire and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). To determine how sleepiness would affect the studied occupational incidents, accidents causing injury and near misses, both reactive data and proactive safety performance indices were measured. Demographic and predictor variables were analyzed with hierarchical multiple linear regression. Results: Employees who met the criteria of excessive daytime sleepiness and obstructive sleep apnea had significantly poorer safety performance indicators. STOP-BANG and ESS were significant predictors of safety compliance (β 0.228 and 0.370, respectively), safety participation (β 0.210 and 0.144, respectively), and overall safety behavior (β 0.332 and 0.213, respectively). Further, occupational incidents were 2.5 times higher in workers with indicators of excessive daytime sleepiness and 2 times higher in those with obstructive sleep apnea compared with those without. Conclusion: These findings confirmed that excessive daytime sleepiness is a serious safety hazard, and that both reactive and proactive measures are important to understand the relative contribution of predictor variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective: In this hospital-based study, we aimed to determine occupational accident perceptions and occupational accident reasons in sample of Turkish nurses. Method: In the study, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Workload Scale and a Study Questionnaire Form including the employment characteristics of the nurses, their socio demographic characteristics, and the occupational accidents they encountered. Results: 108 nurses (90 females, 18 males; mean age, 26.42±5.5 years) participated in the study. 68.5% of nurses have undergone at least once a occupational accident. Most of the participants were found to have experienced occupational accidents with approximately half evaluating their occupational accidents risk as high. Most of the nurses worked overtime and in shifts. The mean total scores for the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Workload Scale were respectively 9.09±3.33 and 36.94±6.42. Statistically significant differences in occupational accidents were found with regard to Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Workload Scale scores, working in shifts, and working overtime (p

Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are drugs commonly used for treating insomnia and anxiety. Although they are known to induce cognitive and psychomotor impairments, their effect on the risk of causing accidents at work remains understudied. The objective of this study is to estimate this risk by differentiating between the recommended use and overuse of these drugs (i.e., uninterrupted use for four months). The data come from the French National Health Data System, which provide a population composed of French people who had at least one work accident (WA) from 2017 to 2019 (approximately 2.5 million people). A linear probability model with two-way fixed effects is used to deal with time-constant heterogeneity and the time effect independent of individuals. The results show a reduction in the risk of WA after a short period of BZD use (one month) compared with no use at all, but the risk of WA increases when treatment exceeds the recommended duration. The intensity of use results in a greater risk of WAs: a 1% increase in BZD use (expressed as the amount reimbursed) leads to a 4.4% (p<0.001) increase in the monthly risk of WAs. Moreover, we see an increase in risk in the month following the treatment discontinuation (+3.6%, p<0.001), which could be due to rebounding and catch-up effects. Health professionals and BZD users should be made aware of the WA risk induced by the use of BZDs, particularly after prolonged use and after discontinuation of treatment. This study provides more evidence for the need to limit the duration of BZD treatment., Competing Interests: The author has declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 François-Olivier Baudot. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Objectives: This study collected data related to agricultural injuries, analyzed their causes, and suggested possible remedial actions. Few studies from developing countries have investigated this important topic. Such investigations are extremely important and are required to frame national policies., Methods: A well-designed structured form was developed to collect and evaluate data on agricultural incidents, their causes, the severity of injuries, and possible prevention methods. The authors followed a door-to-door survey methodology to collect data with the help of local village leaders., Results: Less educated and older adults in the age group 31 to 45 years were more prone to agricultural incidents ( p  < .05). The mean age of the victims was 35.02 years (95% CI 32.7 to 37.3); 124 (91.18%) of the victims were men; and 21 (15.4%) of the cases were fatal. Tractor rollovers caused most of the deaths. Chaff cutters were responsible for most of the incidents that required amputation. Eighteen (45%) of the chaff-cutter incidents occurred in the evening between 3:00 PM and 6:00 PM, and 12 (30%) of these incidents occurred due to fatigue., Conclusions: The authors strongly recommend that rollover protective structures (ROPS) for tractors and seat belts should be made mandatory in India. Public guidelines emphasizing mandatory higher education for farmers and a model curriculum for both schools and colleges that focuses on the safety of rural populations should be developed. Special training should be provided on the safe operation of machinery and a definitive work - rest schedule should be followed to prevent fatigue and protect agricultural workers from incidents.

Introduction: Agricultural injuries remain a major concern in North America, with a fatal injury rate of 19.5 deaths per 100,000 workers in the United States. Numerous research efforts have sought to compile and analyze records of agricultural-related injuries and fatalities at a national level, utilizing resources, ranging from newspaper clippings and hospital records to Emergency Medical System (EMS) data, death certifications, surveys, and other multiple sources. Despite these extensive efforts, a comprehensive understanding of injury trends over extended time periods and across diverse types of data sources remains elusive, primarily due to the duration of data collection and the focus on specific subsets., Methods: This systematic review, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, consolidates and analyzes agricultural injury surveillance data from 48 eligible papers published between 1985 and 2022 to offer a holistic understanding of trends and challenges., Results: These papers, reporting an average of 25,000 injuries each, were analyzed by database source type, injury severity, nature of injury, body part, source of injury, event/exposure, and age. One key finding is that the top source of injury or event/exposure depends on the chosen surveillance system and injury severity, underscoring the need of diverse data sources for a nuanced understanding of agricultural injuries., Conclusion: This study provides policymakers, researchers, and practitioners with crucial insights to bolster the development and analysis of surveillance systems in agricultural safety. The overarching aim is to address the pressing issue of agricultural injuries, contributing to a safer work environment and ultimately enhancing the overall well-being of individuals engaged in agriculture.

Farming is one of the top industries in Michigan and has the highest fatality rate. National sources of non-fatal farm injuries underestimate the burden, especially among children. In this paper, we provide a more accurate estimate of non-fatal farm injuries in Michigan by using an ongoing multi-source surveillance system. Michigan's farm-injury surveillance system includes abstractions of hospital-based medical records, poison control center calls, ambulance runs, and workers' compensation claims for individuals with a farm-related injury. For this analysis, injury onset occurred in 2015 to 2021 and included all injuries regardless of age or occupation. We identified 4,306 injuries in adults and 336 injuries in youth. For those 0-13 years of age all but two were family members. For those 14-15 and 16-17 years of age, 19% and 45%, respectively were hired hands. For adults, 51% were owner/operators, 43% were hired hands, and 5% were family members. For all ages, the most frequent injury source was cattle. Lacerations/cuts/punctures were the most common type of injury for those < 14 years of age while for older individuals it was contusions/bruises. The plurality of injuries occurred in the summer months. Children working on a farm are in unique situation and tracking injuries and identifying injury sources provide necessary information to protect their health and well-being. Michigan's farm-injury surveillance system will continue to provide a comprehensive count of work-related injuries among Michigan's farming population. The information is used to direct public health intervention both at the individual and population level.

Objectives: Agriculture is the one of the hazardous industries in the world. Though there is significant investment in agricultural safety, machine injuries continue to be the leading cause of agriculture injuries worldwide. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive literature review on global patterns in agricultural machine injuries and establish a framework for future research aimed at addressing safety concerns in the agriculture sector., Methods: The existing scholarship on farm machine injuries can be categorized into three main areas: a) farming machine/equipment injuries, b) factors associated with these injuries, and c) injury patterns., Results: Overall, the findings highlight that farm tractors are the primary source of injuries for both fatal and non-fatal incidents regardless of region. Other common sources of injuries were harvesting machinery and hand/power tools in Asia, ATVs in North America and woodworking machinery in Europe. Inadequate training in operating farm equipment was reported as the most likely factor contributing to machine-related injuries. Lastly, the patterns of injuries vary based on the interaction between humans and machinery. For instance, rollovers often result in severe head and fracture injuries, while thresher incidents can lead to amputation of hands, arms, and other body parts., Conclusion: Addressing these injuries by implementing safety protocols will not only enhance the well-being of farm workers but potentially attract more workers to the sector, which is currently experiencing labor shortages due to machine-related injuries.

Objectives: Literature on occupational risks among organic farmers is scarce. This study explored safety practices and non-fatal injuries among organic producers, and the role of sociodemographic, work, and farm characteristics on safety and injury., Methods: Cross sectional survey of certified organic crop producers in the Southwest (SW) region of the United States (US). The Organic Integrity Database was used for recruitment. Data were collected through an electronic and paper survey., Results: Analyses were conducted on 115 cases; response rate was estimated at 25%. A high majority of respondents owned their operation and were younger than 65 years, male, educated beyond high-school, and non-Hispanic whites. Less than half had more than 10 years of experience in organic farming; one-third worked off the farm year-round. Safety practices were very basic despite the widespread use of equipment and machinery, and limited to wearing normal clothing and apparel such hats and glasses. About half of respondents (52.6%) reported non-fatal injuries in the past year; and one-third (32.7%) time lost due to injuries. The overall cumulative incidence rate was estimated at 5.3 injuries per 10 workers within the last year. The injury rate decreased with hours worked. Significant differences were found on gender and education level and safety practices, with female respondents and the more educated being more proactive in practicing safety. Those working less than 40 h/week, in farms smaller than 50 acres, using light machinery or compact utility tractors, and tractors without roll-over protection reported significantly higher injury frequency compared to their counterparts., Conclusion: This study contributes unique data on an essential workforce not captured by current occupational injury and illness surveillance systems. It identifies important personal and contextual factors that may contribute to safety and injury in this population. The findings indicate the need to promote safety and prevent injuries that result in work time lost. This study may also inform future occupational safety and health research and practice, including surveillance, injury prevention programs that target certain workers and production practices, and policies that support and protect the organic farmer.

Background: Inhalation injuries due to acute occupational exposures to chemicals are preventable. National surveillance of acute inhalation exposures is limited. This study identified the most common acute inhalation exposure-related incidents by industry sector among US workers., Methods: To characterize inhalation-related injuries and their exposures during April 2011-March 2022, state and federal records from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Occupational Safety and Health Information System (OIS) accident database were analyzed. Industry-specific injury, hospitalization, and fatality rates were calculated., Results: The most frequent acute inhalation incidents investigated by OSHA were caused by inorganic gases (52.9%) such as carbon monoxide (CO) or acids, bases, and oxidizing chemical agents (12.9%) such as anhydrous ammonia. The largest number of fatal and nonfatal injuries were reported in the manufacturing (28.6%) and construction (17.2%) sectors., Conclusions: Workers were affected by acute inhalation exposures in most industries. Using this surveillance, employers can recognize frequently-occurring preventable acute inhalation exposures by industry, such as inorganic gases in the manufacturing sector, and implement prevention measures. Training of workers on exposure characteristics and limits, adverse health effects, and use of protective equipment by exposure agent can prevent inhalation injuries., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

On September 26th 2019, a major fire occurred in the Lubrizol factory located near the Seine estuary, in Rouen-France. Juvenile flounders were captured in the Canche estuary (a reference system) and caged one month in the Canche and in the Seine downstream the accident site. No significant increases of PAHs, PCBs and PFAS was detected in Seine vs Canche sediments after the accident, but a significant increase of dioxins and furans was observed in water and sewage sludge in the Rouen wastewater treatment plant. The proteomics approach highlighted a dysregulation of proteins associated with cholesterol synthesis and lipid metabolism, in fish caged in the Seine. The overall results suggested that the fire produced air borne dioxins and furans that got deposited on soil and subsequently entered in the Seine estuarine waters via runoff; thus contaminating fish preys and caged flounders in the Seine estuary., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Jean Laroche reports financial support was provided by Public Interest Group Seine-Aval., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to characterize the incidence, injury characteristics, and outcomes of patients presented to four trauma facilities located in the upper Midwest with tractor-related agricultural injuries., Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the facility level trauma registries of four trauma centers located in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2021. We characterized the incidence, severity and outcomes of traumatic tractor-related agricultural injuries for pediatric and adult patients. We described the nature of these injuries by severity, anatomical site, type, age, sex, and length of stay (LoS). Injury severity was evaluated using Injury Severity Score (ISS) and Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)., Results: Findings indicated that farmers aged 65 and older experience polytraumatic, severe tractor-related agricultural injuries and fatalities. Of the 177 tractor patients analyzed, 40 patients were between the ages of 65 and 74 years and 45 patients were 75 and over. Male farmers aged 65 and older are injured year-round, many are discharged to skilled nursing facilities for additional care, are spending more time in the hospital, and have the highest rate of critical injuries out of all age groups. Moreover, the patients who died as a result of tractor-related agricultural injuries were men over 65 years. The most common tractor-related agricultural injuries include falls from tractors ( n  = 53), struck by object falling/propelled from tractor ( n  = 25), rollovers ( n  = 26), and runovers ( n  = 24). Falls from tractors accounted for 33% of all tractor-related upper extremity fractures, 36% of head injuries and 29% of chest injuries., Conclusion: The findings from this study indicate that tractor-related agricultural injuries represent a significant problem in the upper Midwest. Older, male farm workers experience a higher incidence of tractor-related agricultural injuries, and all tractor-related fatalities occurred in individuals 65 years of age and older. These results underscore the need for further investigation into aging-related farm safety issues.

Introduction: Forestry provides a wide range of employment opportunities worldwide and is seen as one of the high-risk industries in terms of occupational accidents., Objectives: The submitted study analyzed the injury rate in the Military Forests and Estates of the Slovak Republic (62.6 thousand ha) between 2013 and 2022., Methods: The data analyses included regression and correlation analyses, χ 2 tests to analyze the relationships between studied variables, and incidence rates., Results: During the observed period, employees suffered 26 occupational accidents, of which 19.2% were light, 57.7% were registered, 23.1% were severe, and 0% were fatal. For every 1 million m3 of harvested timber, 7.7 accidents occurred. The incidence rate during the observed period was 672.1/100,000 employees. The highest proportion of accidents was in the age group 51-60  years and in employees with the lowest length of work experience <5  years. Regarding time, the highest proportion of occupational accidents occurred between 8:01 and 10:00  AM (53.8%) and day-wise on Thursdays (46.2%). The highest proportion of accidents occurred among forest workers (65.3%) during pruning and silviculture activities (42.3%). The most common injury site was forest stands (65.3%). Superficial injuries (34.6%) were the most common, mainly affecting the lower limbs (50%). The most frequent material agents causing the accidents were work and transport areas as sources of worker fall (38.5%), and the most frequent reason for an accident to occur was the lack of personal requirements for proper work performance (92.4%), whereas only (3.8%) of accidents occurred due to the use of forbidden or hazardous working procedures., Conclusion: The presented study identified the most vulnerable worker groups and provided an overview of the overall injury rate at the state forest company in Slovakia. The documentation can be incorporated into the safety strategies of forest enterprises., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Allman, Dudáková and Jankovský.)

Objective: To further study the causes of acute occupational poisoning accidents, and to provide scientific basis and decision support for the prevention of accidents in advance. Methods: From September 2022 to May 2023, the literature was searched and 232 cases of acute occupational poisoning cases occurred from 2013 to 2022 were collected. The causal nodes of the accident were determined according to the expert score, and the interpretative structural model (ISM) was used to construct the correlation model between the causal nodes to obtain the hierarchical relationship between the factors. The influence of each causal node on the occurrence of acute occupational poisoning accidents was studied by using Bayesian network (BN), and the relationship and influence among the causal nodes were analyzed by Netica 5.18 software to establish the pre-prevention model of acute occupational poisoning accidents and identify the key causal factors. Results: A total of 23, 203, and 6 cases of significant, large, and medium acute occupational poisoning accidents were included, of which 179, 29, and 24 cases were asphyxiating gas, irritating gas, and mixed gas, respectively. ISM of acute occupational poisoning accidents divided the causal factors into a 7-layer and 3-level hierarchical structure model. Among them, operation conditions, protective measures, ventilation equipment, hidden trouble investigation, emergency management, illegal operation, equipment and facilities, and blind rescue were the direct causes of the occurrence and expansion of accidents. Warning devices, inspection situation, safety education situation, safety operation procedures, and technology in the production process were indirect influences that lead to the occurrence and expansion of accidents. Safety production responsibility system, enterprise supervision and management and government supervision were the deep-rooted influences. BN reasoning showed that the maximum probability causal chain of acute occupational poisoning accidents was as follows: safety production responsibility system→enterprise supervision and management→safety education and training→protective measures→accident occurrence. The key factors leading to the occurrence of acute occupational poisoning accidents were inadequate protective measures, equipment and facility failures, operational errors, ventilation equipment not being used properly and improper emergency management. Conclusion: In the prevention of acute occupational poisoning accidents, it is necessary to correctly use protective measures, test equipment and facilities before operation, operate according to regulations, ensure the normal use of ventilation equipment, and strengthen emergency management, so as to reduce the incidence of acute occupational poisoning accidents.

In January 2021, an acute chemical poisoning incident occurred at a fluorine polymerization plant. Through the analysis of the occupational health situation of the enterprise, combined with the clinical manifestations of the poisoned patients and the laboratory examination results, it was determined that the incident was an acute poisoning incident caused by the inhalation of organic fluorine mixed gas in the fluorine polymerization plant. Subsequently, it was clarified that the accident was caused by the illegal operation of the employees of the fluorine polymerization plant, which caused the discharge of the organic fluorine mixed gas containing high concentration of octafluoroisobutene, resulting in the poisoning of the on-site construction personnel. In order to avoid the occurrence of similar incidents, enterprises should implement the main responsibility of safety production, regularly organize supervision and inspection, eliminate illegal operations, conduct safety education and training for the staff of the unit and outsourced staff, and improve the emergency rescue ability of sudden poisoning incidents.

Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.

Among all industrial accident-induced diseases, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are most prominently observed among nurses. The physical load of everyday tasks involved in nursing work was assessed in this study using a developed risk index, whereby the physical burden was evaluated using the exposure duration and work intensity levels. This survey targeted nine small, medium and large-sized hospitals in South Korea and categorized representative nursing tasks into six groups. The subtasks within these six categories (evaluated as high risk) included changing a patient's posture and assisting with walkers or wheelchairs, transporting/handling drug carts, bathing patients, replacing bedding, traction therapy, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and artificial manual breathing unit, and computer work. The risk index ratio was significantly different by task type for each task. We demonstrated that the risk index developed in this study can be used to evaluate MSDs in hospitals.

Objective: to quantify the underreporting and reasons for not recording occupational accidents with biological material of nursing technicians in a university hospital. Method: quantitative cross-sectional research with a sample proportion of 25%. Participants were 275 professionals from nine units who answered a questionnaire about occupational risk. Results: 747 accidents were reported, 71% of which were not reported. The variables: working hours, units and types of exposure were statistically correlated with underreporting (p< 0.05). The reasons for not recording: "Nursing work leads to accidents with biological material" were 3.5 times more likely to underreport percutaneous blood accident; and "Leaving the unit can overload co-workers" was 2.3 times more likely to report mucocutaneous accident. Conclusion: the underreporting of accidents was 2.4 times higher than the notifications, with predominance of mucocutaneous exposure and the main reasons were related to the low perception of occupational risk and work overload. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]