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Copyright of Die Unfallchirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Slip, trip, and fall (STF) accidents cause high rates of absence from work in many companies. During the 2022 reporting period, the German Social Accident Insurance recorded 165,420 STF accidents, of which 12 were fatal and 2485 led to disability pensions. Particularly in the traffic, transport and logistics sector, STF accidents are the most frequently reported occupational accidents. Therefore, an accurate detection of near-falls is critical to improve worker safety. Efficient detection algorithms are essential for this, but their performance heavily depends on large, well-curated datasets. However, there are drawbacks to current datasets, including small sample sizes, an emphasis on older demographics, and a reliance on simulated rather than real data. In this paper we report the collection of a standardised kinematic STF dataset from real-world STF events affecting parcel delivery workers and steelworkers. We further discuss the use of the data to evaluate dynamic stability control during locomotion for machine learning and build a standardised database. We present the data collection, discuss the classification of the data, present the totality of the data statistically, and compare it with existing databases. A significant research gap is the limited number of participants and focus on older populations in previous studies, as well as the reliance on simulated rather than real-world data. Our study addresses these gaps by providing a larger dataset of real-world STF events from a working population with physically demanding jobs. The population studied included 110 participants, consisting of 55 parcel delivery drivers and 55 steelworkers, both male and female, aged between 19 and 63 years. This diverse participant base allows for a more comprehensive understanding of STF incidents in different working environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on a legal dispute regarding an alleged vaccine injury after a coronavirus vaccination. The plaintiff, a nurse for the sick and elderly, was vaccinated with the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine and claims to have health problems. The Higher Regional Court of Stuttgart ruled that the state alone is liable, as the administration of coronavirus vaccines is a sovereign activity. The text also mentions the possibility of widespread vaccination with protective vaccines by medical practices and company doctors, who are exempt from the obligation to contribute to statutory accident insurance. Furthermore, it concerns the claim of a pharmaceutical wholesaler for compensation for the delivery of contrast agents to contracted medical practices. The agreements between the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Rhineland-Palatinate and the health insurance companies are decisive for the disputed delivery of contrast agents and their compensation. [Extracted from the article]

Indonesian laws mandate that every employer should provide health insurance and work accident insurance to their employees. Nevertheless, there is a significant gap in the coverage of employer-sponsored insurance among Indonesian workers. This study examines the coverage of employer-sponsored insurance and work accident insurance and analyses the characteristics of the uninsured working population in Indonesia. We analysed nationally representative cross-sectional data from the National Labour Force Survey (NLFS) conducted between 2018 and 2022. The primary dependent variable was the provision of health insurance and work accident insurance by employers. The independent variables included having any physical disabilities, number of working hours, duration of employment, labour union membership, earning at least the provincial minimum wage, having a written contract and working in high risk jobs. Logistic regression was employed using the R statistical software. The findings indicate that coverage of employer-sponsored health insurance is low in Indonesia—ranging from 36.1% in 2018 to 38.4% in 2022. Workers with a written contract, earning at least the provincial minimum wage, were members of a labour union, employed for at least 5 years and working more than 40 hours a week were more likely to be insured. By contrast, workers who had physical disabilities or were employed in high-risk jobs were less likely to be insured. Our study concludes that having a written employment contract is the single most influential factor that explains the provision of employer-sponsored health insurance in Indonesia. The country's labour laws should therefore formalize the provision of written employment contracts for all workers regardless of the type and nature of work. The existing laws on health insurance and work accident insurance should be enforced to ensure that employers meet their constitutionally mandated obligation of providing these types of insurance to their workers, particularly those engaged in high risk jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some issues regarding the organizational and legal forms through which individuals exercise their right to social services are discussed in the article. Based on the Constitution of Ukraine, an analysis of the legislation regulating the mechanisms for providing social services is carried out. It is argued that to ensure consistency in the use of legal concepts within national legislation, the concept of social services as provided by the Law of Ukraine "On Mandatory State Pension Insurance" requires substantial alignment with the Law of Ukraine "On Social Services". The provision of social services within the relevant mechanism as a component of the organizational and legal form of mandatory state social insurance is not legislatively stipulated. It is proven that the current legislation on mandatory state social insurance regarding the provision of social services to those injured in industrial accidents is synchronized with the legislation on social services in terms of assessing the individual's need for social services, types of social services, and the procedure for procuring these services. A specific feature is that the exhaustively defined social services (home care and in-kind assistance) within the industrial accident insurance programs can be compensated with a fixed amount of money, as established by legislation. It has been found that the services provided by employers within the mandatory state social insurance for unemployment are not social in nature. These are aids or compensations, or programs or measures to promote employment. It is recommended to make appropriate amendments to Article 24 of the Law of Ukraine "On Employment of the Population" as well as to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Resolution № 237 dated 17.03.2023. The author concludes that social services as a type of social protection in Ukraine are provided within the organizational and legal form of budgetary support funded by local and regional budgets. Currently, the State Budget is the financial source for the procurement of social services exclusively within the framework of experimental projects aimed at introducing new social services of national significance. It is concluded that the institutional approach to budgetary financing of mechanisms for providing social services reduces the effectiveness of these services, does not promote the development of market mechanisms in the field of social service provision, and does not initiate competition mechanisms in this area. Therefore, it requires review and primarily legislative reform of budgetary norms in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opioid use is only recommended in selected cases of musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries. We assessed factors associated with increased opioid use in MSK injuries. In a retrospective analysis of over four million workers with MSK injuries using the Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (Suva) database, we analyzed risk factors by multivariate logistic regression. Injury severity was associated with pain medication, opioid, and strong opioid use. Whereas fractures, contusions, and ruptures had higher odds for any pain medication use, increased odds for strong opioids were observed in fractures, superficial injuries, and other injuries. Injuries of the shoulders, elbow, chest, back/spine, thorax, and pelvis/hips showed high odds for opioid use (odds ratio (OR) > 2.0). Injuries of the shoulders had higher odds for strong opioid use (OR 1.136; 95% CI 1.040–1.241). The odds for using strong opioids increased from 2008 OR 0.843 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.798–0.891) to 2018 OR 1.503 (95% CI 1.431–1.578), compared to 2013. Injury severity, type of injury, and injured body parts influenced the use of pain medication and overall opioid use in musculoskeletal injuries. Strong opioids were more often used in fractures but also in superficial and other minor injuries, which indicates that other factors play a role when prescribing strong opioids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Orthopädie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the potential insurance liability associated with private drone use. It discusses negligence, legal consequences, state and local regulations, and insurance coverage for recreational drone users. The article emphasizes the importance of complying with laws and regulations to protect oneself from negligence claims. It also discusses the coverage provided by homeowners' insurance policies and proposes future policy solutions for drone insurance regulations. The article concludes by discussing options for obtaining insurance coverage, such as through the Academy of Model Aeronautics or on-demand insurance companies. It suggests that states should develop regulations for drone insurance coverage. [Extracted from the article]

This paper explores some of the basic similarities and differences between fault-based and no-fault systems of automobile accident insurance from the perspective of a U.S. state and the laws of Macedonia. The majorities of U.S. states have adopted an at-fault system of compensation and therefore share more similarities with Macedonia than the laws of a dozen U.S. states that have adopted a no-fault system. Whereas Macedonia employs a system of nearly universal health care, such is not the case in the United States. The respective states have adopted either a fault-based system or a no-fault system, but in either case issues of coverage for automobile accidents is more complicated for the lack of a nationalized health care system that at minimum acts as a safety net for treatment of injuries related to automobile accidents. It is posited that complications relating to the lack of universal health care coverage in the United States has led to significantly heightened regulatory intervention by the several states such that the similarities between the free-market approach of the states and of civil law (code) systems are greater than the differences. The paper is not based on empirical data of the legal systems or the medical systems, nor is the undeniable interrelation between a medical system and the corresponding legal system with regard to insurance coverage of primarily health-based issues considered other than to highlight how both may play a part in regulation of the automobile accident insurance industry in light the involvement of public health, safety and welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an insight into the scope of work and legal status of first responders. First responders are qualified first aid providers who bridge the time until an emergency vehicle arrives. They provide initial care and are mainly deployed in remote areas. The legal regulation of first responders varies depending on the federal state and district. The legal status of first responders is derived from the SanG (Emergency Medical Services Act) and includes a general obligation to provide assistance according to § 95 of the Criminal Code. The article describes the general duties of a first responder according to the SanG, including the application of qualified first aid, regular further training, and documentation of measures taken. The first responder acts as an agent of the rescue organization and is not exposed to the risk of a claim for disturbance of possession. It is suggested that first responders, who work as first aid providers, should also be included in quality assurance obligations. [Extracted from the article]

Traditional claim estimation in general insurance works with accident year cohorts and development patterns. For the impending International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 17 Insurance Contracts and often for reinsurance purposes, claim estimates must be split by contract year. This paper proposes to add contract year as a cohort classifier and to adjust the development patterns accordingly. To this end, we use the continuous time models of Hesselager and Norberg. Having contract year as an additional cohort classifier, display of claim estimates by contract year and/or accident year becomes a simple matter of summation across the appropriate dimensions. The continuous time model also enables us to derive mutually consistent development patterns for discrete time intervals of different length, such as years and quarters. In addition to delivering consistent development patterns in discrete time, continuous time modelling offers the advantage of requiring only a fixed number of model parameters. Although most of the derivations in this paper are explained in terms of claim numbers, the mechanics can also be applied to claim payments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Angle Health Law Review is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Die Unfallchirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic resulted in many infections with the virus and sickness due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, there was a dramatic increase in the number of reported and recognized occupational diseases (Berufskrankheit, BK) and occupational accidents (Arbeitsunfall, AU) at the German Social Accident Insurance Institutions (BG) and accident insurance funds (Unfallkassen). The publication aims to show the differences between BK and AU and to review the current data on occupational diseases. It deals with the definitions of BK and AU, the differences in the conditions for recognition as BK or AU. Furthermore, the claims for benefits are presented. Finally, statistical key figures of the BK according to No. 3101 and the AU are presented. Results (key points) – According to § 7 SGB VII, AU and BK are insured events of the statutory accident insurance. – In surgery, like specifically in the rest of the healthcare system, the relevance of the SARS-CoV‑2 infection with post-COVID in personnel for occupational medical prevention and as a case to be recognized by the statutory accident insurance (BK or AU) becomes clear. – Relevant for the recognition are the duration and the intensity of the contact (local proximity) and the SARS-CoV‑2 occupational health and safety rule of 20 August 2020 essentially recognizes a contact duration of at least 15 min at a spatial distance of less than 1.5–2 m (further aspects: more intensive shorter contacts, number of verifiably infected persons in the closer activity environment or the usual personal contacts, spatial situation, work route, special constellations). – No case numbers can be elicited for the detailed presentation of the surgery setting. – There are still immense problems and challenges in the assessment of COVID-19 consequences or post-COVID as occupational disease, as numerous uncertainty factors, such as insufficiently secured knowledge about the further long-term course over the years or the widely varied symptom spectrum complicates the medical assessment of the consequences of this disease. Conclusion: the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic is a special challenge for surgery with intensive patient contact and for the entire healthcare system. This caused long-lasting changes and the adequate health care as well as insurance law processing of the (case-specific) consequences might still require considerable efforts and resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]