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Copyright of Italian Journal of Nursing (IJN) / Giornale Italiano di Infermieristica is the property of Collegio IPASVI MI-LO-MB - Ordine Professioni Infermieristiche MI-LO-MB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant threat to health workers (HW) in terms of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and disorder (PTSD). Over the years, alternative PTSD structures have been proposed (DSM-5, Dysphoria, Dysphoric Arousal, Anhedonia, Externalizing Behaviors, Hybrid) and tested. To date, no studies have addressed this issue focusing on HW during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the fit of alternative PTSD structures in two Italian samples: HW during the COVID-19 pandemic, and university students in a pre-pandemic context. A total of 580 HW and 451 students completed the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) assessing PTSS. Confirmatory factor analysis investigated the best PTSD structure in each sample; measurement invariance was also inspected. The Anhedonia structure performed best in both samples; this model showed configural, metric, variances and covariances invariance. Results pave the way to the use of the PCL-5 to tailor intervention supporting HW during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Italian Journal of Nursing (IJN) / Giornale Italiano di Infermieristica is the property of Collegio IPASVI MI-LO-MB - Ordine Professioni Infermieristiche MI-LO-MB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Italian Journal of Nursing (IJN) / Giornale Italiano di Infermieristica is the property of Collegio IPASVI MI-LO-MB - Ordine Professioni Infermieristiche MI-LO-MB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Italian Journal of Nursing (IJN) / Giornale Italiano di Infermieristica is the property of Collegio IPASVI MI-LO-MB - Ordine Professioni Infermieristiche MI-LO-MB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Italian Journal of Nursing (IJN) / Giornale Italiano di Infermieristica is the property of Collegio IPASVI MI-LO-MB - Ordine Professioni Infermieristiche MI-LO-MB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of L'Infermiere is the property of IPASVI - Italian Nursing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Currently more than 40% of surgical procedures are performed on subjects over65 years. this event has brought to the fore the concept of frailty. The aim of this work is to summarize the knowledge available in the literature in order to better understand what are the essential aspects of frailty, which impact it has on surgical outcomes of the elderly and what action we need to apply to prevent it., Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using the principal bibliographic biome- dical and nursing databases., Results: Literature analysis revealed that frailty is a medical syndrome with multiple causes characterized by reduced physiological functions and decreased stress resistance, resulting in several adverse outcome following surgery. In the selected studies, frailty has emerged as a reliable indi- cator of increased morbidity and mortality, long-term hospital stay, post-discharge institutionali- zation, and increased healthcare costs. For frailty prevention and treatment, the most important clinical intervention is physical exercise., Conclusion: Identifying a patient like frail in the preoperative period allows the health profes- sional to adequately transmit information about individual perioperative risks. It should provide an opportunity to discuss the expectations and wishes of the patient for whom an adverse posto- perative outcome is expected. In addition, for high risk subjects, a clinical pathway with a well- structured discharge program can be anticipated in order to avoid hospital prolongations, thus reducing hospitalization costs.

Background and Aim: Weight gain is frequently observed among liver transplanted patients. This condition is often associated to the development of other post LT morbidities which might influence the long-term post-transplant survival. However, the risk factors asso- ciated have not yet been identified. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of over- weight and obesity, to notice Body Mass Index changes and associated risk factors, within three years after LT., Methods: All the patients consecutively transplanted at the Liver Transplantation Unit of Fondazione IRCCS "Cà-Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico", Milan between January 2005 and June 2014 were retrospectively evaluated for inclusion. Clinical, Biochemical and pharmaco- logical data were collected at hospital discharge and at 1st,2nd and 3rd years post-LT., Results: 145 patients, 95(66%) male, 53 years (44-59 yr), 48(33%) HBV+HDV positive and 30(21%)alcohol abusers pre LT, were enrolled. At hospital discharge patients' BMI was 21.9 Kg/m2 (IQR: 20.1-24.1 Kg/m2) and the prevalence of overweight was 14%. The same para- meters after 1,2 and 3 years of follow-up were 25.6 Kg/m2 and 40%, 25.5 Kg/m2 and 41%, 25.4 Kg/m2 and 37%. The main weight gain was 9.8 Kg during the 1st year after LT while only 0.9 Kg and 0.5 Kg during the 2nd and 3rd year, respectively, No correlation between weight gain and any clinical, biochemical and pharmacological parameters considered was observed., Discussion: The weight gain and the development of obesity are predominant during the first year after LT; this is probably due to an improper diet and lack of physical activity.

. Education, motivations and working conditions of a cohort of nurses attending to an open-competition., Introduction: In the last decade, the progressive reduction of staff turnover decreased together with the number of open competitions, now attended by thousands of candidates, portraying an image of massive unemployment in the nursing profession., Aim: To describe the socio-demographic profile, the studies, previous work experiences and motivations of a cohort of nurses participats a maxi-competition in Lombardy region., Methods: A questionnaire with 38 questions was administered to collect the socio-demographic data, information on education and work activities, their experiences and skills and the motivations for participating to the competition., Results: The 6365 candidates were mainly women; unmarried and young people (mean age 26 years), with a degree in nursing obtained mainly in three years (44%). Over all 80% of respondents started to work within 1 year post-graduation; 57% were participating for the first time to a competition; 27% of candidates were currently employed on a temporary or permanent basis. Nurses would like to work in specialty areas such as critical care units, emergency departments and operating rooms, although their practical training was mainly in medicines and general surgeries., Conclusions: Most nurses are employed few months after graduation. The massive participation to public competitions depends on the limited number of procedures and not on the excess of nurses. A public competition with thousands of candidates, does not allow to select the most competent nurses and should be reformed.